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COLUMBUS, NEB., WEDNESDAY, MAY 9, 1888.
VOL. XIX.-NO. 3.
WHOLE NO. 939.
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COLUMBUS
STATE BANK.
COLUMBUS. NEK.
Cash Capital
$75,000.
iu:i-:rroK8:
LEAN OKU GEI.KAUI), PreVt.
GEO. W. HU1ST, Vice Pn-'l.
JULIUS A. KKKI).
It. II. HKNItY.
.1. ILTASKElt, Cashier.
Hunk of lcpoMit, IHmcobhI
ud Eichaajie.
Collection Promptly Jlnde oi
all FoIhIs.
In.y IntcrcMt on Time WepoM
lt. 2"
OK
COLUMBUS, NEB.
CAPITAL STOCK,
$50,000.
OFFICEKS:
('. 11. .SHELDON, I'rcVt.
V. A. Mi-ALLISTKU. Vice Pres
HOItKUTUHLlG. Cashier.
DANIEL SCHKAM. Ass't Cash.
o
IMKKCTOIW:
.1. P. KECKEIt. H. I'- H. OEHLKICH,
JONAS WELCH. CAUL UEINKE,
11. M. Wl.NSI.OW.
- o
This Hunk transacts a r.'nLir Hoiking Busi
ness, will allow interest m time deposits, make
collections, buy r sell exchange uu United
Stalin awl Eiimi-Minil buy anil sell available
securities.
We shall 1 pleased t3S receive yonr business.
Wo Mlicit jour p.-it ronage. V guarantee Kit in
fliction in all business intrusted in our cure,
dec'ivisi
FOR THE
CAM. OS
A. & M.TURNER
Or ... W. liliniK,
'1'rn.vtrlingr Kulejmiati.
;.tfrThese organs an- first-class in every par
ticular, ami so guarautts-d.
SCHIFFROTH & PLATH,
1IEU.KUS IX
WIND MILLS,
AND PUMPS,
Buckeye Mower, combined, Self
Binder, wire or twine.
Pumps Repaired on short notice
IS-One door west of Hi-int26 Drug Store, llth
street, Columbus. Neb. 17uovS-tf
HENRY G-ASS.
COFFINS AXD METALLIC CASES
AND DEALER IN
Furniture, Chairs, Bedsteads, Bu
reaus, Tables, Safes. Lounges,
&c, Picture Frames and
Mouldings.
E3P Repairing of all kinds of L'lihol
stery Goods.
6-tf COLUMBUS. NEBRASKA.
PATENTS
Caveats and Trade Mark obtained, and all Pat
ent business conducted for MODERATE FEES.
OUR OFFICE IS OPPOSITE U. 8. PATENT
OFFICE. We liave no 6nb-asenciei, all business
direct, hence we cn transact patent business in
less time and at LESS COST than those remote
from Washington. .
Send model, drawing, or photo, with descrip
tion. We advise if patentable or not, free of
charge. Onr fee not due till patent is seenred.
A book, "How-to Obtain Patents, with refer
ences to actual clients in your state, county or
town, sent free. Address
C. A. SHOW & CO.
Opposite Patent Office, Washington, D. C.
UEML EM
WESTERN COTTAGE ORGAN
ADDITIONAL LOCAL.
A Columbus cobbler has commenc
ed, on a large scale, the manufacture of
shoes -with wooden soles. "We hope he
will so construct his pedal protectors so
that his soul will go inarching on to
glory .bearing with it the thanks of those
who have been the victims of the paper
soled shoes mado by the soulless cob
bler of the east. Nance County Jour
nal. - A carpenter of Genoa, Nance county,
migrated to Georgia thinking to iind a
climate inoro suited to his taste and a
happier lot generally. Ho found that
carpenters received only $1.00 a day in
stead of $2.50, that there was little for
them to do, and things generally were
out of joint, so to speak. He returned to
Genoa satisfied to there abide.
The II:istings Gazette-Journal is
eminently correct in saying: "A hearty
move of citizens towards getting facto
ries beats a real estate boom to death.
One comes to stay and makes the latter
a perpetual thing." Talk, talk, talk all
the time and everlastingly without doing
something besides amounts to nothing
except to disgust any who may be in
duced to listen. One little canning
factory giving employment to one or two
hundred lads during a portion of the
year, and using some thousands of dol
lars worth of product, is bettor to a
community than all the wind tlmt blows
in the upper regions of the atmosphere.
The canning factory at Seward has made
the land there (no better than ours)
worth $7.50 an acre a year, as rental, and
no wonder when $25 an acre, clear, can
be made from it by raising tomatoes.
Before another 6eason comes Columbus
should have a first-class canning factory
established on a sound, working basis.
A well-to-do farmer in tho eastern
states, with a growing family, which will
soon be too largo for his hundred and
sixty acres, would do well to consider
the advisability of coming west. Selling
his land at $50 an acre, ho can re-invest,
all the way from $10 up and have a sur
plus for improvements, purchase of
stock, etc., and this without going to
the frontier and helping to build up a
country from tho raw prairio. In any
part of Platte and many other counties
of Nebraska there are farming lands yet
obtainable, near to railroad stations,
post-ollice, market-town, school-house
and church, lands more fertile than you
now live upon, in good communities, of
which you would have the immediate
advantage. There are plenty of men
here on farms, now improved and valua
ble, taken up by them as homesteads or
pre-emptions years ago. Some of these
are situated here like you are in the east
and are ready to go further west on to
cheaper lands again. This they can do
to their advantage, just as you can ad
vantageously purchase their lands of
them.
NEBRASKA NOTES.
William Craig, a brother of John Craig
of Colfax precinct, is fencing in qnite a
large ranch in Stanton county, a few
miles north of Leigh. Herald.
Some ill disposed person or persons
entered tho Catholic church at the town
of Roseland near Hastings, the other
night, and broko and tore and destroyed
the ministerial robes, altar ornaments
and light property. Strong efforts are
being made to ferret out the law break
ers and bring them to justice.
The new brick yard is now in opera
tion, one moulding crew having been put
to work yesterday. A second will be
put on next week, and when everything
gets to working smoothly it is expected
to mould 10,000 bricks a day. With two
yards in full blast tho prospect is good
that tho brick famine will soon bo
raised.- David City Tribune.
Last Saturday morning at 8 o'clock
the residence of Mr. Newton Wheeler in
Shell Creek precinct was destroyed by
iire. Mr. Wheeler who is a blind man
was at homo alono at tho time, and in
escaping from tho building burned his
right hand badly. The loss on building
and contents about three hundred dol
lars, and no insurance. His friends are
raising a fund for his benefit. They have
already raised nearly two hundred dol
lars. Schuyler Herald.
A Baltimore electrician, Prof. Reis,
was yesterday granted a patent for the
production of heat from electricity, by a
new method. The heating of houses,
churches, cars, etc., it is claimed, will be
rendered possible by this new method,
cheaply and safely. If tho professor's
invention can be put to practical xiso,
the question of tho future fuel of the
country would seem to be solved. The
importance of the invention equals that
of any other yet made in the electrical
field. Lincoln Jonrnal.
The Law of Nebraska regarding the
liability for damages from the 6ale of in
toxicating liquors by licensed persons,
as expounded in a decision of the supreme
court just rendered, gives the widest
scope for redress to persons damaged.
All persons who by the sale of intoxicat
ing liquors contribute to the damage of
any ono are severally and jointly liable,
as also are the sureties on licensed bonds,
and such sureties are liable not only for
damages directly resulting from the acts
of their principals, but for all damages
to which such acts contribute. Fur
thermore, the liability of sureties is con
tinuous during the disqualification of the
person to support his family by reason of
his intoxication, regardless of the ter
mination of the license year, so that an
habitual drunkard to whom liquor is
sold may become a life charge upon the
sureties who sell him the liquor. The
termination of the responsibility of sur
eties is reached only when there is an
end to the disqualification of the drink
er. This far-reaching liability of liquor
license bonds must induce great caution
in assuming so serious an obligation.
Bee.
Word reached here Monday from
Leigh that the stallion known in these
parte as the "Man Eater" had one day
last week killed his owner, Peter Moran,
a former resident of Shell Creek pre
cinct, this county. At the time of his
death Mr. Moran was a resident of Cus
ter county It appears that after the
stallion had killed his owner the neigh
bors clubbed together and killed the
horse. This is something that should
have been done a number of years ago.
Tho horse was brought to this county
a little less than four years ago by Bab
cock Bros, of this city, and at that time
was considered a very valuable animal.
While in that firm's stable he killed a
young man by the name of Greenleaf
who was taking care of him, and a short
time afterward badly injured Will Mad
ras, who was also taking care of him. A
short time after this he was sold to Mr.
Moran, and at Leigh about a year ago
ho killed a tree agent, whose name we
do not know. Shortly after he was tak
en to Creston, Platte county, where he
badly injured his owner and also came
very near killing a man named Torry,
who now resides at Leigh, this county.
It is also said that he killed two men be
fore he was brought to this state. Mr.
Moran was at the time of his death
about thirty-six years of ago, and leaves
four motherless children to mourn his
loss, the oldest of them being but four
years of age. Schuyler Herald.
The Humphrey Independent produces
a type-picture of a candidate for the
legislature, giving his characteristics as
faithful to the trust imposed in him,
true to honest convictions, etc., and say
ing: "Platte county contains this man,
and what we want is the farmers to
search and bring him out of their ranks."
Now there is no doubt but in the body
of Platte county farmers there are a
large number who would answer all
these requirements, but you might hunt
through the crowd and not find one
bearing the faintest resemblance to the
Independent's picture made of type,
which has these ieculiarities: the neck
severed from both head and body; no
ears; and besides, the stovepipe hat is
not now becoming. With these sugges
tions to aid him onr artistic friend of
the Independent may be enabled to come
nearer tho mark the next time.
Lincoln, Beatrice and other Nebraska
cities are agitating the question of put
ting in brick pavement. Where it has
been used it is universally pronouvced a
success. Better than wood, better than
asphalt, and cheaper than granite. An
other point urged in favor of brick
pavement is that every cent of money put
into them is expended at home. If the
city of Omaha should decide to put in
this kind of pavement, Omaha brick
yards would make the brick, Omaha la
borers do the work. Hard burned brick
put to a test have been found to resist a
pressure of 4,630 pounds to the square
inch. The matter is one which the city
officials might investigate with profit to
tho taxpayers. Council Bluffs is already
looking into tho matter, and her expe
rience will, no doubt, be watched with
interest from this side of the river.
Omaha Republican.
Hani; Them Together.
The tariff on agricultural products is
with fow exceptions, only a sop thrown
to tho farmer to appease him and mis
lead him into the belief that he enjoys
equal advantages with tho manufactur
ers. It is in those respects a delusion
and a snare.
Thousands of bushels of potatoes,
cabbage and beans have been imported
this year to supply the domestic mar
kets. Omaha World.
1 ,
"It is not complimentary to human
nature that most men, as soon as they
get great power, becomo overbearing.
The more power men have the better, if
their power be used for good. The less
power men have the better, if they use
it for evil." JTsilmage.
The David City Tribune is doing its
level best to secure the nomination of
John Harper as candidate for state treas
urer on the republican ticket.
At Turkish Wedding.
Turkish wedding festivities last several
days, during which Gypsy dancing girls
and musicians entertain hosts of women
at tho homo of the bride's parents. Much
frivolity is indulged in, much cigarette
smoking and coffee drinking, swarms of
beggars are fed and bakshished at the
door, and many presents received and
given. But all this time the expectant
young Turk has never set eyes on his in
tended. At the beginning of the festivities
porters come to his father's house bearing
the bulky trousseau of the bride, for the
Turkish custom is for the bride and her
belongings to be brought to the home of
her husband. Guests begin at once to
distribute the articles of the trousseau
about the bridal chamber, so as to show
everything off to the best advantage.
Festivities are continued at both houses.
On the third day friends of the bride
groom proceed in a body to the house of
the bride, and on the sixth tho bride is
conducted to the house of her husband,
where he stands at the door to receive her
veiled. Thomas Stevens in New York
Sun.
Cratral ft wltt'i Tabfr Manners.
When traveling i a foreign country it
is discreet never to praise or critich but
if I do let the cat oat of the bag, -ie has
60 far to run that her starting point can
not be traced. Table manners in this
country are villainous. A long rectangu
lar table is set; the cups, saucers and ex
tra dishes are arranged in line down the
center. When any individual is ready for
the next course, he pushes his dirty plate
away from him, takes another from the
center of the table, hands his knife and
fork to the servant, who wipes them off
on a dirty towel he has tied to his waist,
and returns them. All eaters seem to be
in a hurry. In other countries, when any
thing is desired from another dish, l- is
customary to help yourself by using the
spoon that belongs to thai dish, but -here
tune is pressing, and tt bit common sight
to see four or five men ffrjVtny their own
Individual forks into the same dish at the
same time. New York Tims.
PRICKED BY PUBLIC OPINION.
During tho first year of Grover Cleve
land's administration as president of the
United States before he had bad time to
make a move he was looked upon by his
own party, by tho Mugwumps, and by some
Republicans even, as an honest, straight
forward, well meaning man and singularly
far from narrow partisanship. Ho was
generally regarded as better than his party.
Hut as time went on and one blunder trod
upon another's heels, so fast they followed,
a record was finally mado. and it was one
of conspicuous failure. Then when his
first fair promise was broken and bo be
came a candidate for renomination and
began a shameless trading for public
offices, which ho had declared to be public
trusts, for political patronage, public
opinion began to assert itself, and the re
sult is that tho man who, in tho eyes of a
largo proportion of tho people, was all
that was fair to look upon a few years
ago is now a incro political skeleton in the
eyes of a still greater proportion of tho
people. He lias been pricked by public
opinion. The hollow shell, inflated by
self esteem and schemes for self aggran
dizement, has collupsod. What remains
is not the proper figurehead for this gov
ernment during the next four years.
Free Trade and English Worhingmen.
Our American free traders who aro wont
to point to England as a country where,
under the economic theory they advocate,
everything is prosperous, workingmen are
busy and contented and all manufacturing
industries are in active operation, despite
the lack of a protective tariff against the
cheaper labor of tho continent of Europe,
have few of them, we fancy, ever seen and
studied the actual condition of tho English
working jeople. Ouv freo traders are
great philosophers, but they are not so
strong on facts. They will b3 interested,
is well as the friends of tho American pro
tective system, in a letter from an Eng
lish workingmaii recently received by the
secretary of the Homo Market club. It
does not paint things in England in the
rosy colors which our own freo traders
lavishly employ when they point to the
English example us ono which we should
imitate. The letter reads:
Deak Sik Thanks for tho papers you
have sent me. I was in America for two
months last summer, sent over by our
association, to see for myself whether tho
working classes of your country wero
better off under protection than wo are
under free trade, and tho conclusion I
came to was this:
That any person who has to earn a liv
ing in America as a producer must first
become crazy before ho becomes a free
trader, and tho farmers must be the
craziest of the whole lot to think of such
a tiling. Before any of your workingmen
(either engaged iu manufacturing or agri
culture) talk about free trade let them
send ono of their number over here to see
what it is doing for this country; let him
walk about for six months looking for
a job until his coat gets ragged and his
shoes get thin, and ho gets the thinnest
of all, and everywhere he asks for work
he will be told that tho Germans and
Belgians aro doing the work cheaper than
he can do it, then let them send for him
home again and hear what ho says about
freo trade.
If it is the surplus revenue that is caus
ing tho trouble, send it to somo free trade
country. You never know them to have
a surplus, or, if you don't like to do that,
tako it out to sea and sink it or bury it or
burn it. or do anything in fact rather
than adopt free trade, that is to say, if
you do not want foreign competition to
ruin your manufacturing industries and
by so doing ruin your farmers by robbing
them of their home market. Yours truly.
H. J. Pettifeu (Electric Plate Worker),
Secretary Workman's Association for De
fense of British Industry, 180 Waterloo
road, London, England
March 29. 188&
American freo traders aro, many of
them, as has been said, skilled in philoso
phizing and versed in tho best schools of
foreign political economy, but for all that
this letter of a simple English mechanic,
who knows by hard experience the opera
tiou of the system about which they can
only theorize, deserves to have, and will
have, a weight and influence with tho
masses of our people which no amount of
mere philosophy can shake. Boston Jour
nal ANOTHER RECORD OF FAILURE.
Secretary Bayard's list as Long; as that
or His Worthy Chief.
Recently The Now York Sun printed
the failure record of President Cleveland.
The "heads of departments" are men of
his own choice, and as like seeks like, it
is but natural that they should all be as
great failures hi their respective lines as
their chief. All their failures are simply
a part of his, and when all are put to
gether they will make a big volume. The
failures of Whitney In the navy are fully
equalled by those of Vilas in the treas
ury. The new postmaster general. Don
Dickinson, is making a run which aston
ishes the older beads. He has already
nearly outstripped them alL These will
all be compiled hi time for handy refer
ence. The Cleveland Lender has supple
mented The Sun's failure record of Cleve
land with Bayard's failure record in the
department of state as follows:
Under Secretary Bayard's management
of that department the United States has
been disgraced and made the laughing
stock of the diplomatic circles of every
country with which we heve had any ex
tensive negotiations. What Mr. Bayard
has tried to do and what he has done is
shown in the following:
He unnecessarily prolonged tho settle
ment of the North Atlantic fisheries
trouble, and finally effected a settle
ment" that really settled nothing except
Canada's right to charge our fishermen for
common commercial privileges.
He has mixed things up inexplicably in
the Bearing sea seal fisheries dispute and
seems disposed to maintain a policy that
will eventually force us to give up our
rights in the North Pacific
The extradition treaties with Russia
and England have been neither compre
hensive nor equitable.
By the Sandwich Island treaty he
thought he was securing the right in per
petuity to the Pearl harbor, when, in fact,
the grant is measured by the life of tho
treaty seven years.
In the Samoan difficulty, ho allowed
himself to be wretchedly browbeaten and
bullied by Bismarck, and failed to main
tain our rights in the Samoan Islands
against German aggression.
Supported by the ruling of tho secretary
of the treasury, he has allowed tho Cana
dian Pacific railroad to compote, at a
rtmious rate, with American Pacific
roads.
He refused to assert the Monroe doc
trine in the Venezuela troubles, thereby
allowing England to secure valuable ter
ritory in South America.
He disgraced the country by a cowardly
attempt to bully Mexico in tho Cutting
case and by sending his cockney pet, the
drunken Sedgwick, to tho City of Mexico
as a special envoy.
He Las failed to secure any satisfaction
from the sultan of Morocco for confining
American citizens, a gross insult. Ho has
negotiated a now Chinese treaty that ia
declared by the most competent authority
on tho Pacific coast to bo incapable of ef
fecting relief from tho grievous evils of
Chinese immigration.
iu every important diplomatic relation,
ho has shown himself incapable of direct
ing our foreign uffairs to tho honor of this
country Thank goodness there will be
an end of all this on tho 4th of March
next.
Plain Facts and Figures.
In reading the argument of the major
ity of tho committee of ways and means
on the tariff bill they have agreed upon
and reported to congress, I notice that
they give the value of the entire produc
tion of all kinds of manufacturing in this
country as $7,000,000,000. and I accept
that amount as correct. The pay roll to
produco that amount of merchandise in
this country paid direct to employes of
tho different manufactories would amount
to $1,400,000,000.
Now, to produco tho same amount of
merchandise iu Germany they would only
pay out $G1C,000.000, and in England they
would pay $7S4,000.000. These stubborn
facts show tho following result: We pay
in this country $784,000,000 more to our
wage earners than would bo paid out in
Germany to produco tho samo amount, of
goods, and $010,000,000 more than would
bo paid out in free trade England for tho
same amount of product.
Tho entiro revenue collected by us on
all importations during tho year ending
Juno HO. 1887, amounted to $217.28C,893.
If tho wage earners paid all of this amount
(which of course they do not) they would
havo a balance of $398,713,893 to their
credit on tho English pay roll and $oG6,
713.1G7 to their credit on tho German pay
roll. Letter of W. L. Strong to Philadel
phia Press.
Rliglitlng- EflVct of the Tariff.
A gross of steel pens can now be pro
duced for eight cents. They formerly cost
$35. This littlo statement is floating
through tho papers, but many persons
probably fail to catch its significance. It
illustrates the blighting influenco of that
terrible tariff. The duty upon pens is nine
cents per gross. Under tariff protection
American producers havo reduced the cost
from $35 per gioss to eight cents, or ono
cent less than the tariff charge upon the
Imported article. Of course, every ac
countant and schoolboy realizes the op
pressive taxation ho is subjected to by tho
operation of a tariff capable of working
such results. Troy Times.
Englishmen Well Fleascd.
Tho Pall MallGazetto finds that the
iron manufacturers of South Staffordshire,
England, are greatly pleased with tho
Mills freo trade bill and that tho details of
the measure are all they could desire.
This information should bo particularly
gratifying to Chairman Mills. Ho is doing
his level best in behalf of British interests,
and it will tickle him to learn that his
efforts aro appreciated. Philadelphia
Press.
The Ghost Will Not Down.
Cleveland's friends don't like to have
him called a freo trader. They prefer to
call a spado by somo other name. They
are afraid of the spirit they have raised.
If freo trado is tho right thing, why
should they fear it? As a matter of fact,
they fear their own prescription, except
in homeopathic doses. San Fraucisci
Bulletin.
Atrocities on Signboards.
A Wabash avenue tradesman announces
himself as "hosier and glover." We shall
havo a "sheer and booter" next, and as
the fool killer seems to be neglecting his
business, this sort of atrocity on the lan
guage we speak and writo will continue
until wo have "dry goodser." I have" al
ready noted the word "fruiterer" over tho
door of a man who has cucumbers, lettuce
and radishes on sale. Chicago Mail.
Will Help to Mend, but Not to Destroy.
The Republican party stands ready to
join in tho passage of any measure that
will reduce the surplus and correct tho
Inequalities of the tariff without injuring
tho industries and labor of the country;
but so long as the Democrats are bent on
tho destruction of tho tariff, they may
expect to encounter every legitimate
means of opposition, call it what they
may. Pittsburg Commercial Gazette.
In the Hands of the Enemy.
The complaint is made by somo Repub
lican senators that printed mail matter
sent under their frank to their constitu
ents fails to reach its destination, and
that in somo instances bundles aro opened
and only a portion of their contents for
warded or delivered. This is a matter
which should bo looked into. Boston
Journal.
Killed by Public Opinion.
The Mills bill is receiving a broadside
of condemnation all over the country. In
three months all will remember tho
Roman proverb, "Of the dead say nothing
but good," and tho attack will cease.
Cleveland Leader.
A citizen who insisted that he could
easily live on one meal a day afterward
privately explained that ho meant oat
meal. Syrup of Kip
Is Nature's own true laxative. It is tho
most easily taken, and the most effective
remedy known to Cleanse the System
when Bilious or Costivo: to dispel Head
aches, Colds and Fevers; to cure Habit
ual Constipation, Indigestion, Piles, etc.
Manufactured only by the California Fig
Syrup Company, San Francisco, Cal. For
sale only by Dowty & Becher. 27-y
FARM, FIELD AXD GARDEN
MODES OF AGRICULTURE PRACTICED
BY PROGRESSIVE FARMERS.
Seasonable Advice In Relation to Injn
I rlons Insects and Insecticides The Most
Effective Treatment for the Potato Bug.
Rose Bus; and Web Worm.
It has been proven over and over again
that the larva of the potato beetle may be
effectually destroyed by the application of
either Paris green or London purple.
Farmers understand this fact, but many
are puzzled in regard to the exact amount
of poison required. Repeated trials at the
, New York experiment station to deter
mine the rabdmom amount oF Paris green,
mixed with land plaster, make It appear
that one part of the poison to ISO parts of
the plaster ia sufficient when the two are
thoroughly mixed. This represents a
much less amount of the poison than is
generally employed. NofY few growers
use as much as one pound of the Paris
green to twenty pounds of pulverized
plaster.
As some growers prefer to use water as
a dilutent from the poisou. attempts were
mado at the station to discover the mini
mum amount of tho latter that proved
effective when used in this way The re
suits justified the belief that one half
ounce of Paris green mixed with five gal
lous of water would do the work satis
factorily London purple used at the samo
rates as the Paris green proved about
equally effective- As it is considerably
cheaper than the latter, the cost of the
application Is Bomewhat less, but as so
little of the poisou is used in either caso.
tbu difference in the expense Is slight.
Until recently the only practical means
of destroying the rose bug appeared to be
gathering them by hand, or shaking them
or brushing them from the plants into tin
vessels containing a little water Mr
Carman, editor of The Rural New Yorker.
6tates that for three seasons he has suc-
cessfully subdued this pest on his bushes
. with Buhach or pyrethrum powder. In
order to make the work effective, how
ever, the powder must be pure and fresh
About two tablespoonfuls of powder
' were used to two gallons of water It Is
better to wet the powder first with warm
water forming a paste, and then mix the
' paste with the desired quantity of cold
water In from five to ten minutes after
the bugs receive tho spray they begin to
fall to the ground, where most of them
wriggle about until they die. though a
certain proportion recover During tho
few days when the bugs appear iu great
est numbers It is necessary to repeat tho
spraying every day. or even twice a day
Tho liquid was sprayed upon the infested
plants by the employment of a hand
pump, rubber hose and iron tube, ter
minating with a cyclone nozzle It ought
to be added that Buhach is a desirable in
secticide for many garden plants, and. as
it is not poisouous to tho human family,
ought to have the preference over ar
senical remedies wherever it is effectual.
Attention Is called to the fact thaleinul
sions of kerosene, thoroughly sprayed, on
fruit as well as ornamental trees, have
proven destructive to different injurious
insects The web worm, so troublesome
in somo localities, may bo subdued with
an application of a dilute emulsion of
kerosene.
Kentuckv Blue Grass.
Kentucky blue grass, proa pratensis. is
entitled to a front rank among pasture
grasses and has given to that state and
its "blue grass region" a well deserved
distinction as tho breeding ground of
horses of the finest description oa well as
for producing cattle that are nowhere
surpassed This grass is ornamental as
well as useful for yards and lawns, on
account of its rich color and steady
growth, and its cultivation has been
widely extended Into other states In a
word blue grass thrives over a largo ex
tent of country, and especially on rich
upland limestone soils
The seed is very light, weighing four
teen pounds to the bushel, and two bushels
are required to the acre, while for a thickly
sown lawn the quantity may safely bo
doubled. Bluo grass requires time to bo
come well established as a permanent past
ure, and It Is better to protect it from
stock tho first year
For lawns it is quite a common practico
to mix Keutucky blue grass with red top
and white clover.
Growing Potatoes Under Mulch.
At the Colorado Stato Agricultural col
lege, where potatoes havo been grown
under mulch for three seasons, it has been
decided that the best mulch Is composed
of either partially decayed materials or of
clean cut straw. It is reported that tho
yield under mulch is ordinarily greater
than without, especially In uncongenial
climes. The shading of the ground fur
nishes the proper conditions of tempera
ture and moisture at the root, as well as
assuring the necessary mechanical condi
tion of the soil so desirable In securing
uniformity and the greatest possible do
velopment of tuber A mulch, to be of
any value hi a dry climate, should, ac
cording to the report in question, bo quite
a foot thick, using large seed pieces, how
ever, to enable the tops tc push through
the cover
The opinion is expressed that mulch
culture is only practicable on a small
scale and in localities, soils and seasons
unfavorable to the proper development of
the potato under ordinary culture
Chemical Value of Animal Manures.
The real chemical value of animal ma
mires, other things being equal, is in pro
portion to the nitrogen, phosphoric acid
and potash they contain, and the quantity
of these chemicals existing in the manure
is determined, other things being equal,
by tho quantity contained in tho food of
the animals making tho manure It will
thus bo Been that there is a wide difference
in the value of barn yard manures, which
will satisfactorily account for the fact that
far better results are experienced from the
manure of animals which have been given
a generous jwrtion of nitrogenous food in
rations than from an equal quantity from
such as have merely kept up an existence
through the winter on straw, roots, etc..
and the superior value of guano and hen
manure is due to the character of the food
out of which it has been made.
AMONG THE FLOWERS.
Directions oa the Cultivation off Annaal,
Biennial and Perennial Flowers.
The cultivation of popular flowers, that
Is the annuals, biennials and perennials,
hardy In many sections and half hardy in
others, has of late years fallen off some
what In many localities. This is to be re
gretted, for these flowers are exceedingly
attractive and easy of culture. They are
propagated from seed, and with even care
less culture afford profusion of blooms
and a great variety of colors.
The soil best adapted to flowering
plants, generally. Is a light, friable loam,
containing a moderate amount of vege
table matter, and sufficient sand to make
it porous, but. as It rarely happens that
the amateur has much choice of soil, it is
fortunate that most of them will succeed
in any soil of average character. In or
dinary good soil an annual dressing of
leaf mold, decayed turf, or thoroughly
rotted manure, in quantities proportioned
to tho requirements of tho soil, dug to the
depth of a few inches, will bo all that is
requisite. These should bo applied in
spring, only just previous to sowing
seeds, though a single digging may bo
advantageously given In autumn. In pro
paring the bods, care must be taken that
they are so arranged that the ground may
be a little elevated in the middle, that the
water may run off. and the plants show to
better advantage.
The time of sowing flower seeds Is reg
ulated by the locality and season. Noth
ing Is gained by dropping seed In cold soil,
wait until the earth Is warm and friable
It Is advised to sow but a part of each
package of seed in the first Instance, the
remaining seed being reserved for subso
queut sowing in caso of failure. As a rule
tho surface soil should be dry. rather than
wet at tho time of sowing: avoid always
undertaking the operation wfen the
ground Is very wet. especially If the
weather Is cold. It is particularly cau
tloned that flower beds aro not covered
deep
For a majority of the seeds a very thin
covering suffices: if sown too deep they
are longer In germinating, and the small
ones are liable to decay It sometimes in
sttres a more oven distribution of very
small seeds, such as those of cam
panula. digitalis, etc.. if they aro
mixed before sowing with a little
fine, dry soil, tbo mixture being sown in
the same way as the eeds Woolly seeds
which adhere to each other, liko the
globe aniaranthns etc. should be rubbed
with a littl fine sand, which will geno
rally separate them In all cases tho
more thinly the seeds are stiewn. the
better, when too thickly sown, tho seed
lings become elongated and sickly an
evil which no subsequent thinning out
will entirely remedy
Early in tho season tho watering pot,
with a fine nose, must be used should the
soil be very dry and tho weather sunny
Avoid, however, watering just at night
when the weather is inclined to bo cold.
It pays to give the sumo liberal treat
ment to annuals, etc. that is usually bo
stowed to geraniums, verbenas and other
plants used for bedding purposes
Many seedlings thrivo better for being
transplanted: there are. however, many
exceptions to this ruin Tap rooted annu
als. such as the larkspur and somo of tho
poppy tribe, do not toko kindly to trans
planting
Biennial plants do not usually fiowor
tho first season, and tho seeds aro often
sowed as late as August and September
Then if the plants get strong before cold
weather they will blossom the following
summer Perennials continue to flower
two or more years in succession Where
ono has but little time to dovote to the
flower garden the hardy sorts aro advised,
for these, with little caro. will give. 23
has been already told, very good returns
even under adverse circumstances In
deed there appears no good reason why
every home should not bo brightened by
the presence of flowers.
When one has not Baved seed from pro
vious seasons these may bo purchased at
a small cost of tho nearest seedsman
The seeds are. nowadays, put up in pack
ages, on tho outside of which appear
printed instructions for their sowing and
after cultivation The catalogues of
leading seedsmen are. as a rule, sent to
any address, on written application, freo
of cost These catalogues are. many of
them, veritable guides to both farm and
garden, and every household ought to lie
in possession of tho ones issued by trust
worthy houses
Cross Fertilisation.
Are tho "navel" marks often found on
tho other varieties of tho ornngo tho effect
of impregnation of navel pollen? Do such
crossings and hybridizations over effect
the fruit of the flowers In which they
occur? Does fertilization In any form of
life effect the parent to tho extent of in
ducing structural changes? These aro tho
questions raised by Professor Meehon in
Florida Dispatch, and all of which he
seems to think scicntiCc investigation an
swera in tho negatlvo If this bo tho true
solution it overthrows many of tho ac
cepted beliefs of practical horticulturists,
we can plant squashes among the melons
with impunity in defiance to the time
honored axiom of the gardeners that
"squashes spoil the melons "
There are three distinct breeds of poller!
or hornless cattle the Galloways, polled
Angus or Aberdeen, and the red polled
Tho Galloway Is a pure block, with long,
shaggy coat The polled Angus aro black,
with white markings on the belly gen
erally around tbo udder They aro shorter
haired than tho Galloways and lighter
boned. Both those breeds are of Scotch
origin The red polled aro deep red in
color, originated In the counties of Nor
folk and Suffolk. England, and resemble
tho Devon, except that they are hornless
One cannot be certain. Bays Michigan
Farmer, of having grades from tbesp
breeds come hornless except by vising a
thoroughbred sire each time-
What a Time
People formerly had, trying to -swallow
the old-fashioned pill with its libit of
magnesia vainly ilis'gnising its bitt.-r-ness
; and what a voiitrat to Ajer's
Pills, that have been well call, tl " im-d-icuted
sugar-plums" the only fear lin
ing that patients may be h-mpted into
taking too many :il a dor. lint t!i:
directions are plain and -should bo
strictly followed.
J. T. Teller, M. I)., of Chitti-nano,
N. Y., expresses exa.tly what huudivds
have written at goatrr length. He
says: "Avar's Cat hat tie Pills ar- highly
appreciated. Tiiey are perfect in frm
and coating, and tiuir fVi ts are all
that the. most careful pliy.siriati tot-M
desire. They hae supplanted all t!i;
Pills formerly popular hero, ami I think
it mn.st bo long before any other .wi
bo made that will at all compare with
them. Those who buy our j ills git
full value for their money."
"Safe, pleasant, and certain iu
their action," is tlse concise testimony
of Dr. George E. Walker, of Martins
ille, Virginia.
' Aycr's Pills outsell all simitar ;tc
arations. The public having once i.si-iJ
them, will have no others." Perry,
Venablo & Collier, Atlanta, C:t.
Ayer's Pills,
Prepared by Dr. J.C. Aycr&Co., Loel!.M.is.
Sold by all Healers In Mediciuc.
THE FIRST
National Bank!
OF
COX.T7SIBX7S. NEB,
-HAS AN-
Authorized Capital of $250,000,
A Surplus Fund of - $20,000,
And the liu-geot Paid ia Cask Capital of
tmy bank iu this nnrt of tho State.
C&DtnxfitH received and interest paid on
tiiuedciHwit:.
JSDmfts on tho ririnc jpnj citien in thin coun
try and EuroiHj bought mid Bold.
X(ollectiona and nil other buint giTon
prompt and careful iittentiou.
STOCKHOLDERS.
A. ANDEKSON. rres't.
J. II. GALLEY, Vict Pres't.
O.T.KOEN.Owhier.
G.ANPEKSON. P. ANDEKSON,
JACOItUKEISEN. HENKY ItAGA'fe.
JOHN J. SULLIVAN. W. A. McLL18TEK.
AiittH-'tttf
gasiness fards.
w
A. .TlcAl.ftMMTKK,
ATTORNEY r NOTARY l'UHLIC.
OHicnnii-HtniiHin HonryV building, corner of
Olive and llth utrcetM. nuKlO-HTy
w.
31. lOKAi:i.lJK,
L.IU' .-LV COLLECTION OFFICE.
Upstairs Ernst building, llth streot.
oullivar & ki:i:ii:k,
1 TTORXEYS A T 11 W"
Otlico over Firnt National Hank, Columbus.
iScbraska. 50-tf
j p . i:va., .n. I.,
rilYSlClAN AND SURGEON.
ttOjlict and rooitiH. (Jluck building, llth
htrect. telephone communication. 4-y
T Xt. MAt-FAKLAiH,
ATTORNEY r NOTARY l'UHLIC.
Kr-Ollice oer First National Hank, Cohnn
btin, Ni'bnifka.
roiix KUKiti-::,
COUNTY SURYEYOR.
"PartieM desiring Mirvejiiig donn can ud-
lre!.H nu- at ( oluuihiih. Neb., or call at my ottico
iu t ourt House. SiiiajMl-y
t .1. :rai:k,
CO. SCI"!' PUBUC SCHOOLS.
I will be in my otlice in tho Court Noum, tho
tl ml Saturday of each month for tho examina
tion of applicant for tticher c.-rtificatert, and
for the transaction or other school busings
l-'janfW
w
U.4J1SAF IIKOS.,
DllA Yand EXPRESSMEN.
Light and heavy hauling. Goods handled with
rare. Headquarter. at .1. l lit cker,V('o.'H office,
telephone. XI and :u. SUmarS7y
DIE. J.rilAN. llil.l.Y,
Wenisehfr Arzt.)
I'll YSICIAN und SURGEON,
Columbuo, Neb.
EYE DISEASES A SPECIALTY.
Office- Telephone:
lJe tilth St n-et. Office N-. W: Kesidonc.. No.l77.
!ui!trb7
JOHN G. HIGGLNS. C. J.GAKLOW.
Collection Attorney.
HIGGINS & GABL0W,
ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW,
Specialty iiiailo of Collections by ('. J. Carlo w.
ISI-m
I. C. BOYD,
MA.NUFACTf UKll OP -
Tin and Sheet-Iron Ware !
Job-Work, Roofing and Gutter
ing a Specialty.
S"Slio on IStli stn-et, Kraiise. Ilro.V old
GRASS SEEDS !
Clover, Timothy,
Red Top, Millet,
Hungarian and
Blue Grass Seed,
AT
HERNIHOEHLRICH&BRO'S.
feb:J-3in
nrrnsEA wonders -xi-t m
1 1 Uthoiisands of forms, bnt aro sur
IJr ia.-sil by tiiemanels of invention,
aw BBS la I Tho-. who are in nvd of profitahlo
work that ran l donn while living at homo
should at once send their addresH N Hallett A
"o.. Portland, .Maine, anil leceive free, full in
formation how either sex, of all ages, can earn
from $." to : .er day and upwards where ur
they live. You are started free. Capital not re
quired. Some have made over $M in a singlt
lay at tl is work. All succeed. ,s7dec!y
$500 Reward !
We will pay thealnive reward for any cae of
liver complaint. ilysepsia, sick headache, indi
getion. constipation or costiven"srt wo cannot
cure with West' Vegetable Liver Pills, when tho
directions are strictly complied with. They aro
purely vegetable, and never fail to givo satisfac
tion, lirge boxes containing 'Mi sugar coated
pills, ti-'c For saleby all drnggists. Beware of
counterfeits and immitations. The genuine
manufactured only by JOHN C. WEST A CO.,
W-'-i W. Madison St., Chicago, 111. dec7'b"y
INVENTION!
has revolutionized
the world daring the
last half century.
Not least among tho
wonders of inventive progress is a method and
system of work that can be ierformed all over
the country' without sejiarating the workers from
their homes. Pay liberal; any one can do tho
work; either Fex. voung or .old: no special ability
reuircd. Capital not needed; you are started
free, ("nt this ont and return to us and we will
send you fr-e, something of great value and im
portance to iou. that will start jou in business,
which will bring you in more money right away,
than anything else in the world. Grand outfit
frre. Address True A Co.. Augusta, Me. dec'i
WeWspapER
jApVERTlSINQ
A book of 100 paRTf
, The best book for an
advertiser to con
sult, be ho experl-
It contains Iistn or newspapers and estimates
rtl.AAnctnfn.t,-nrttjinf. TllOfll ltlrttprwtlO
wants to spend one dollar, flnda in Ittheln
fonnation lie requires, while forhimwhowlll
invest one hundred thousand dollars In au
vcrtisins. a scheme is indicated which, will
meet his every requirement, or canMmatle
to do so by sli'jh t changes easily arrived at 6y cor
respondenee. 119 editions have been issued.
Sent, post-paid, to any address for 10 cento.
Write to GEO. P. KOWELL , & CO.,
XEWSPAPEtt ADVERTISa'G BUREAU.
U03oraatt.PriaWUoue8I-). hew York.
ir
lr