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About The Columbus journal. (Columbus, Neb.) 1874-1911 | View Entire Issue (April 4, 1888)
- - --f - ' -'?- -sr- KS - ygtfHiltoifaM2aMrilMMWBMMiiHiMMH Ghmhm Momml m COLUMBUS, NEB., WEDNESDAY, APKIL 4, 1888. WHOLE NO. 934. VOL. xvin .-NO. 50. X ,. i COLUMBUS STATE BANK. COLUMBUS, NEB. Cash Capital $75,000. LEANDF.R GKRRAHI). IWi. GEO. W. HU1ST. Viri. I'.Wu JULIUS A. UKKD. R. II. HKNRY. J. E. TASKKil, Caahii-r. ltaak of Iepoili, IHncoubI ad Cxchaage. CellectioBH l'remptly Made oa all selat. Pay lBtcrrtil a Time Iepon In. 274 OF COLUMBUS, NEB. CAPITAL STOCK, $50,0(10. OFFICERS: C H. SHELDON. PiWL W. A. JloVLLISTER. Vice Pre'. ROBERT U HL1G. C.iMiier, DANIEL SCIIRAM. A-'t (ili. o DIRECTORS: J. P. BECKER. II. '. IL OEHLRICH. JONAS WELCH. CARL RKINKE. II. M. WINSLOW. -o Thin Hunk tranu-ti n n-nular Ruukiiu Biii dcm, will allow interest on time (Htonitp, make collections. Imv or ell exchang" United States and Lumpe, ami bu anil '11 available securities. We shall bo pleaded to lrtcivc .uir buxine-ti. We bolicit jour patronatte. We Kuarantee satis faction in all Dr.Mtiotm intru-ted in mir enre. dec2S-7 FOR THE WESTERN COTTAGE ORGAN -CALL OX- A.&M.TURNER Or 3. W. KIKLKK, Traveling Salesman. jyTheiw. orann are firel-claw in -er iar ticular, and guaranteed. SCHIFFROTH & PLITH, -DKILKHS IN WIND MILLS, AND PUMPS. Buckeye Mower, combined, Self Binder, wire or twine. Pimps Repaired on short notice SST-One door w(t of HeintzV Dihb Store, 11th street, Columbus. Neb. i;nos-tf HENRY G-ASS. TJNDEKTAKEE ! COFFINS AND METALLIC CASES AND DEALEK IN Parol tare, Chairs, Bedsteads, Bu reaus, Tables, Safes. Lounges, Ac, Picture Frames and Mouldings. XSTRepairing of all kinds of Uphol stery Goods. fUf COLUMBUS, NEBRASKA. PATENTS C.TNU and Trade Mark6 obtained, and all Pat ent business conduct el for MODERATE FEES. OUR OFFICE IS OPPOSITE U. S. PATENT OFFICE. We have m k nl-acenci(, aU business direct, hence w ran traw-aet latent business in lest time and at LESS COST than those remote from Washington. ..-..,- Bead model, drawing, or photo, with description- We advise if patentable or not, free of chare. Our fee not due till r stent js secured. A. book. "How to Obtain Patents." -with refer ences to actual clients in your btate, county or towa.s.ntfrea. jJ3roW CO. Opposite Patent Olnce, Washington, D. C. CIMlKCIil W jjy-K j POSSIBLE PRESIDENTS. 60ME OF THE MEN UPON WHOM THE HONOR MAY FALL. All Good Men and True Which Will It lie? Harrison, Allison, Blaine, Hawley, Sherman, Ucppir, Gresliam, Lincoln, Sliaritlen, UNcook, Koniker or Kvarto. All the talk at present is of the possi bilities of the coming Republican national convention to le held at Chicago. Who will be the nominee is the great question. Kvety t:ite, every newspaper ami every intelligent oter has a choice. With its learilf of men fitted for the high position of president the nominee of the Demo cratic party is, and lias been for a long time, a foregone conclusion. But it is the ry wealth of the Republican party in material that makes the choice of the uelepate uncertain. From present appearance-? nearly all the states will send uuinstructeil delegations. Two subjects of the Willow ing sketches have already eru phittiealSy declined to be considered as piei.e:"tal a-pirants. Joseph IL Hawley, of Connecticut, junior .-eiritor from tliat state, was born at Stewarts iMe, Richmond county, X. C, iKt. :J1, IK-JO- graduated from Hamilton college, Xew York. IS IT. ad-miii.-il to the bar at Hartford lb-10, wh.-re he has since resided. He prnc ticiil law six years and tiien entered jouniali-in as ed itor of The Hart ford K v e n i n g Pre?, which ill ISliT was eonoli fs& dated with The I I Hartford Con rant, of which he is still the con trolling genius. HAWI.Kr. Enlisted in the Union army n a lieuten ant in IH'51. became brigadier and brevet major general and was mustered out in IHOii; elected governor .same year; was president f the Republicui national con vention in ISliS: elected tocongre in 1872 and re-elected ntexpiraticn of term: elected senator in 1-Sl and re-elected in 18S7. Henjainin Harrison, of Indiana, is grand-on of the famous William Henry Harrison. Horn at Xorth Bend, 0., Aug. 20, IS:1.:!, studied .e5ai. law m Cincinnati. and in 18.11 re moved to Indian apolis, which has since been his home; elected re purtei of the Ml preme court iu 1800; enlisted as econd lieutenant xV4' kfsxat "s2?s vyi te?& tea " M I in !S(i2, and, after a short s-ervice, organ iel a com pany of the Sev entieth Indiana regiment and was commissioned as colonel; served became brigadier nrx.l VMIN IIAKIIIMIN. ihrotudi the war, and general. Appointed oy President Hayes on ?li iiiii river commission in 1878. Elected United States senator in 18S0. Robert Todd Lincoln, of Illinois, the son of Abraham Lincoln. we born in Pp-inu'field, 111... Aug. 1, 184:5. Craduated ironi Harvard college in 18C4; commis sioned captain by Gen. Grant same year and served with honor to the close of the war; then resumed study of law and was admitted to the bar in Illinois; declined many offers of public position and honor until election of President Gar field, entering his cabinet as secre tary of war. Mr. Lincoln was the only member of the Garfield cabi net retained by PresidentArthur; was widely dis cussed as a pre-i dential possibility in lbo, but posi tively refused to compete for the KOKI.KT T. LINCOLN. honor with his friend and chief, Chester A. Arthur, who was an a-pirant; re turned to his law practice in Chicago. William B. Allison, of Iowa, was born at Perry, O., in March, 1S2!); educated at the estern Ke serve college, Ohio; admitted to the bar and prac i iced in the state until 18o7, when he moved to Iowa, .seried on gov ernor's staff and aided in organiz ing Iowa volun teers; elected tc the Thirty-eighth congress and re elected to the hree succeeding congresses; elect ed to the United and re elected in .M.LIM1X. Suites senate in 1873. 1S75 and 1882. John Sherman, of Ohio, was born at Lanca-ter. M a y 10, 182U; academ ic education; ad mitted to bar in 1844. Delegate to national Whig conventions in 1S48 and 1S."2: presided over the first Republican convention in Ohio in 18-". Elected to Thirty fourth congress and re-elected to the three follow JOHN SUKUMAN. ing congresses. Elected to United States senate 1(51: re-elected in 1SCG and 1872. Appointed secretary of the treasury in 1877; president of senate from Dec. 7, 18S.". to Feb. 2G. ltS7; re-elected to senate in 18S0. and asrain in 1S80. James Gillespie Blaine, of Maine, was born in West Brownsville. Washington county. Pa.. Jan. SI, 18S0. After a care- ful training by private tutors he entered Washing ton college, in his native county, and graduated in 1847. Settled at Augusta, Me., in 18."4. and became editor of The Kennebec Jour nal. Was one of the founders of the Republican party and dele J G. BLAINE. gate to the first Republican national con vention. Elected to state legislature iu 185S, and re-elected three times; served as speaker last two years; was also chair man of the state committee. Elected to congress in 18G2, in which he served his constituency eighteen years. He was the leading man for the presidential nomina tion in 187G, but a dark horse appeared in the person of Rutherford B. Hayes, who secured the nomination. In 18S0 he was sec ond to Grant, and, as the friends of neither would surrender, the nomination finally fell to James G. Garfield; who, upon elec tion, appointed Mr. Blaine secretary of state. In 1SS4 he was nominated on the fourth ballot, and the history of the cam paign and Mr. Blaine's movements since are too well known to need .recital. "Frank Hiscock, of Xew York, was born jn Pompey,. Sept. 6, 1834; received an 9 M,m& 'WJ rr. ?v j iWBIEr. Sg -i g a?&? J. K. --v r- I ? I 1 e c.Ti :.. muitr b.- rlT-fc' ef-',-,2C K947Vo" sagnssss: WmMtr ysufJSr:"!)'' i kb '. ' i ' rmi' , I 'J! ; a r i 'S , w. it. . academic eaucauon: ad mitt ea to bar In 18-m, and com menced to prac tice at Tully, On ondaga con nty; elected district at torney $f that county in 18G0 and served three years; was rfraem her of the state rrii constitutional convention in 1867; elected to the Forty-fifth congress and re elected to the five ts-t V! FRANK HISCOCK. succeeding congresses; elected to the United Srates senate to succeed Warner Miller, and took his seat March 4. 1887. Walter Quinton Gresham, of Indiana, was born near Lanesville, Harrison county, March 17, 1832. Educated in country schools. Studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1853. Elected to state legislature in 18G0, but resigned in 1861, to become lieutenant colonel of the Thirty eighth Indiana regiment; was badly wounded at Atlanta, and dis abled for a year. Resumed practice, of law at New Al- w. o, ckksham. bany Appointed United States judge for the district of Indiana by President Grant in 186'J; was piMmustei- general in President Arthur's rabinet, and, on the death of Secretary Fok'er. was transferred to the treasury portfolio. Appointed same year United States judge for the Seventh judicial cir cuit, which position he still holds. Cliauncey Mitchell Pepew, of Xew York, was "born at Peekskill, X. Y., April 25, l.sii. Graduated at Yale in 1856; ad mitted to bar in 1800: elected to state legislature in 1801 and served two terms, the second term being chairman of ways and means committee for a part of the term and the remainder he occupied the speaker's chair; canvassed the state tor Lincoln iu 1800 and has been active i n every political struggle since, although he never gave evidence of any personal ambition for office: elected secretary of state in 186S; was appointed counsel for the Xew York and Harlem railroad iu 18GG, and on its consolidation with the Xew York Central became general counsel. He is now presi dent of the Xew York Central railroad. Joseph Benson Foraker, of Ohio, was born near Rainsborough.IIighland county, O., July 5. 184(i; spent his boyhood on a fnrm, and at 16 enlisted in the Eighty-ninth Ohio regiment, and served in the Army of the Cnm berland until the close of the war; made sergeant Aug. 26. 1862; first lieutenant March 14, 1864, a n d brevetted captain March 19, 1865,'-for efficient FORAKER. services during the campaigns in Xorti Carolina and Georgia." After the wnr he spent two years at the Wesleyan uni versity, at Delaware, O., and then went to Cornell, where he graduated in 1869; admitted to bar same year, and served us judge of the Cincinnati superior court from 1S79 to 1882, resigning on account of poor health; elected governor in 1885 and again in 1887. Philip Henry Sheridan, of Ohio, was born at Somerset, Perry county, March 15, 1831. Graduated from United States Military academy at West Point and as signed to the First infantry as brevet second lieutenant, July 1, 1853; ordered to Texas and thence transferred to the Pacific coast in 1855; recalled in 1861 and assigned to tne army of south western Missouri as chief quarter master, May 25, 18G2; appointed colonel of the Second Michigan cavalry, and later, iu same year, enmmis sioned brigadier general and transferred to the army of Ohio. After some nota P. II. SHERIDAN. ble service was commissioned major general. Appointed by Grant in 1S04 chief of cavalry of the Army of the Potomac; Sept. 20,-1864, ap pointed brigadier general in the regular army, and Xov. 8, same year, was com missioned major general, regular army; March 4, 1809, promoted to lieutenant general. He assumed command on the retirement of Gen. Sherman, Xov. 1, 1883. William Maxwell Evarts, of Xew York, was born In Boston, Feb. 6, 1818: gradu ated at Yale, 1839; was one of the fouuders of The Yale Literary Magazine; admit ted to the bar in Xew York in 1841; assistant district attorney of Xew York from 1849 to 1853; was counsel for the state in a number of great lawsuits; chair man of Xew York irieipc-Atmii in Re publican Xational convention of 1860; was advo W. M. EVARTS. cate for the Republican party be fore the electoral commission of I877j -eeretary of state during the Hayes ad ministration: represented United States in international monetary conference of 1881: took a seat in the United States sen ate in 1885. Not hi nc Cut and Dried. The situation now insures one of the most interesting conventions in the his tory of the party. There will be nothing cut and dried about it There will be few "instructions," and no need of con troversy over the "unit rule." And the best man will win. St. Paul Pioneer Press. Just to Be Consistent, Tea David A. Wells and Parses Moore, who pose as exemplary free traders, both favor the duty on sugar, and both have written iu favor of its retention. If the tariff creates trusts, why are not these gentle men in favor of the abolition of the duty on sugar? Xew York Press. A Crawea Opiates. Talk to almost any man of intelligence, and you will find that his confidence that Mr. Cleveland would be his own suc cessor has given place to fixed'-conviction that the RepabUcaa party, by har monious action, will sweep the counter again this year. St Paul Pioneer Prtsf. r3a! :3--i?r vr are.'., -h i.S sask M. DEI'KW. .i. n. JbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbIbsbw wkm S A V"Ks 3tSssBnRv& fN I TF ' ife Saved Gen. Sheridan's Life. i I. X. 'A'ade, of Jamestown, D T., the own-rof a fine stock ranch a few miles ur, was one of the youngest .soldiers in th' service, and once had the good for tune to save the life of Gen. Sheridan. Wade, had dismounted on a march and gone down to a deep spring off the road to fill his canteen. While bending over the spring he heard some one call to him. Looking up he saw an officer on horse back, who v:is beckoning to him and tell ing him to come there. Wade didn't rel ish being ordered alxmt so peremptorily, and proceeded to fill his canteen, when the officer, noticing the delay, called again, saying: "Come here. I am Gen. Sheridan, and I am very sick. I want you to help mo right away." Wade didn't need anymore, bnt5tarted to the general on a run. Sheridan had by this time dismounted and lain down on on the ground. He told tho young soldier that he was poisoned, and bade him mount his horse and ride back for a surgeon as fast as he could, and hurry his staff up, who must be clost? behind him. Wade mounted and went flying down the road. He knew where his own regi-T mental headquarters were, and he rode directly to the surgeon, and telliug him where to go to find Sheridan he set out in search of the staff. He found a numter of them and conducted them hurriedly to the spot where Sheridan was lying. The surgeon had just arrived, aiid by this time Sheridan was unconscious. By the use f restoratives and antidotes he was brought to, and was soon able to mount his horse and ride into camp. It was a narrow es cape, however. I have forgotten what oc casioned the poisoning, but it came aliout accidentally from eating something, and was not the result of design on the part of any one. St. Paul Pioneer Press. It Is tluman N-jtmo. "I'd like to know," he began as he entered police headquarters, "if we have a police force?" "We have," replied the sergeant. "Then I want it to protect me! I am a taxpayer." "You shall be protected, sir. What is the caseS1" "Why, I got some paint tin my overcoat last night and my wife sponged it off with benzine and left it out doors to air. It's gone! Yes, sir, gone!" "Well, we'll try and find it for you." The wrathy man had scarcely departed when a second stranger entered and de manded to know; "Have we police or have we not" "We have," replied the sergeant. "Well, here's an overcoat I found in my yard this morning, where some bur glar had probably left it. Just smell the chloroform, will you:-" A messenger was sent to overtake thn first man, and he returned and identified the coat, which hail blown over the fence. "Yes, sir, it's mine," he said, as he started off, "and I hope the police will lie more vigilant In future." "And it was in my yard, sir." said number two, as he went out, "and if any more burglars come around you police will hear from me." Detroit Free Press. Can They Answer These? A reader of The Boston Journal pro pouuds'a few conundrums in that paper, over which the free trade apostles can tpend a few pleasant evenings iu prepar ing satisfactory answers. Among them are these: Why is it that if free trade is so good for England, that she wishes to have all other countries free traders, that every English colony has a protective tariff? Why is it that if free trade is a benefit to farmers, and protection an injury, that the farmers of England are, as English papers state, "on the very brink of ruin," and farmers in the United States growing richer and more prosperous every year Why is it that workingmen in the United States are earning the largest "purchasing wages" ever earned under any government during the history of the world; and from the largest manufactur ing centers of England almost every mail brings news of riots for bread by the starving mechanics of those places not for more wages, but for enough to keep from absolute starvation? Why is it that thousands upon thou sands of her best mechanics have left free trade England for protected United States in the last few decades, if free trade is better for the workman than protection? Who buys the most clothes, who has the best food, who lives in the pleasantest homes, who has the largest savings bank deposits, who gets tho bst average edu cation, who has the best opportunities for advancement in any direction, who has the best opportunity to own their own homes the protected workingman in the United States or the unprotected work ingman in freo trade England? Cold Facts and Figures. "For the benefit of those who are car ried away by the delusion that the cost of living is higher and the purchasing power of wages is less than formerly, a few figures ought to serve to dispel such de lusion. From reliable published tables of prices in the Boston market for forty years, under different classes of tariff, from 1795 to 1834, the average wholesale price of flour was 8.51; corn, 86a; Xo. 1 beef, $10.22; pork, $17; fish, $3 75 per cwt.. coffee, 22c.; tea, $1.16; sugar. 12 7 8c; molasses, 44 3-4c. Adding ten years to the same period, the average for Hour was $8.14. In Xew York, in thirteen years, 1828-40, the average was: Flour, $6.40; beef, $7.20; pork, $12. It should be considered that the average of prices in Xew York were formerly much lower than in Boston, differing materially from the comparative prices of the present day. At Albany once a great wheat market, the average for sixty years, 1793 to 1834, was $1.28: for the thirty years to 1854, $1.25. Any buyer of the above named articles need only refer to present prices to see that he is only paying about 60 per cent of the former wholesale price, and possibly not more than half the retail price. The nearest, approach to equality are the prices of molasses and coffee, the one taxed and the other free, while sugar, so oppres sively taxed, sells, for the better grades, at about half the former price of the most common qualities." Extract from letters of It. J. Attwell, of Cambridgeport, iu Xew York Press. Every Voter Should Read Thesm. The American Protective Tariff League 1m publishing an interesting list of tariff literature, and will be glad to furnish the following pamphlets to any one who will send ten cents for postage for the entire list, or a two cent stamp for any single document. Recent issues include: "The Farmer and the Tariff." Col. Thomas H. Dudley. "The Wool Interest." Judge William Lawrence. "Workingmen and the Tariff." "Reply to the President's Free Trade Message." R. P. Porter. "Some Views on the Tariff by an Old Business Man." Geonre Draper. "Tariff Talks to Workingmen." Isaac E. Smith. "Fallacies of Free Trade." E. P. Miller. "Which is Best for the Farmer Pro tection or Free Trade?" Thomas H. Dudley. "Wages, LiTing and Tariff." E. A. Hartshorn. "Protection." Address by E. H. Am midown. Where the Serplas Weald Go. DesMcrats want to reduce the surplus by reducing home manufactures. This will do it. This will stndour surolgsto toreign countries to pay tor imported goods and to pay foreign labor. Wh.it do demagogues mean by declaring in favor of taking the wages now being paid to American workingmen to pay foreign labor with And yet this is precisely what they are advocating. The surplus "will go," bnt it will go to enrich the foreigu manufacturer and pay his work ingmen, if we have anything like free trade in this country- Detroit Tribune. Free Trade Twaddle. This is the kind of twaddle with which free trade newspapers are in the habit of seeking to delude simple minded readers. The Philadelphia Record is responsible for it: When a sewing woman slips on her thimble (taxed 35 per cent.) and threads her needle (taxed 25 per cent.) with thread (taxed S3 per cent.), and snips it off with scissors (taxed 35 per cent.), and sews a button (taxed 25 per cent.) on her hus band's winter flannel shirt (taxed 68 per cent.), she is quite unconscious in her effort to get ou in the world how the bkissed tariff bears down upon her. Probably not one woman In tho land over thinks of it. But it Is high time she should think of it, and make her husband, who Is clothe with th right to vote, to act upon it. High taxation is the blight of labor. The truth is that every one of these articltpau be bought in the Unitexl States today for less money than the same would cost If the supply were dependent upon foreign importation under a free trade system. Troy Times. Hie Result Foretold. The tariff on pig iron is $6.76 per ton. Take this tariff off and our furnaces will either be compelled to shut down or re duce wages to the European standard. The cost of production of a ton of pig Iron in Great Britain is $7.45, while the cost in this country during the past eighteen mouths has been about $18. Taking into consideration the low cost of manufacture in England, tho low ocean freights, it is easily to be seen that by the removal of the tariff on pig iron, England would soon drive our manufacturers out of the busi ness. Why, pray tell us, should the United States do so foolish a thing as re peal the iron duty and ruin the pig iron industry? Are the English manufacturers worthy of more of our care and considera tion than our American manufacturers? Why take the bread out of the mouths of American workmen and their families to help the English iron manufacturers? Wilkesbarre Record. In a Congressman's I'ocket. Representative Joe Cannon, of Illinois, rides down from the Capitol every day m the street cars, and it is a rule of the Washington ear lines that chance need never be given for a bill of a larger de nomination than $2. The other day the conductor called for Joe Cannon's fare and he handed him a $5 bill. The rule was pointed out, and for a moment it seemed as though Mr. Cannon might have to leave the car. He went through his pockets with nervous haste, nnd it was curious to see what he brought out of them. From his right pantaloons pocket he drew out a handful of buttons, a knife with a broken handle, a piece of shoe string, a wooden tooth pick and a police man's whistle, and his other pockets brought forth similar trinkets which arc usually owned by a boy of 10. At each new exploration he expected to find a nickel, but the result of his investigation was only two cents. Hereupon he dis played such distress that the conductor kindly changed his bill against the rules, and he rode on in comfort to Willard's hotel. Frank G. Carpenter's Washington Letter. "Gath" and Gen. Sherman. George Alfred Townsend recently called ou Gen. Sherman at the Fifth Avenue hotel, this city, and in the course of his call remarked: "General, the Republicans ought to nouiinate you for president next time." "There are two parties to that proposition," said Sherman, "and Sher man is one of them. I am having a very good time, and in order to live out my days I do not want to have them disturbed by any ambition or career. I am now older than Gen. Washington was when he died; older than Gen. Jackson was when he was president, I think, and older than Gen. Harrison was when he was elected president and lived but a month. Xew York World. Buncombe Won't Win This Time. Xeither a free trade president nor a free trade congress can pnll fiee trade wool over the eyes of American farmers and wool growers. They aro men who read and think for themselves. Democrats are thicker in the alleys and saloons of tho great cities than they arc between the handles of the plow and in the workshops. That is fully illustrated in Xew York city, where the voice of the slums silences the voice of the great state. Chicago Inter Ocean. noser's Cheerful Anticipation. Mr. Roger Q. Mills we insist on the Q says he believes the Democrat! will make gains in Pennsylvania, Xew Jersey and the northwest. This is very vague, indeed, and shows that Mr. Roger Q. Mills' belief is of the nature of a sponge, which contracts or expands according to the amount of moisture there is in the air. Atlanta Constitution. What the Nominee Most Be. The candidate to be chosen next Jnne will be a Republican in all that the term implies one identified with its history and struggles, one who kept the faith in 1884, and who has not abated a jot or tittle of his Republicanism or his man hood at any time or for any purpose. Indianapolis Journal. Democratic Economy. If Public Printer Benedict keeps on melting up the plates of valuable govern ment publications, and in binding the il lustrations of one book with the pages of another, he will soon produce a variegated and picturesque confusion in the con gressional printing office. Xew York Mail and Express. fcdmunds Hit 'Em Hard. One of the solidest arguments in sup port of the protective tariff is that of United States Senator George F. Ed munds, published in Harper's Monthly for February. The Vermont statesman deals in cold logic, and it will be impossi ble for free trade doctrinaires to refute the strong points he makes. Chicago Journal. Placed Where It rh-longs. The attack on the principle of protection embodied iu the existing tariff is not an attack on monopolies, as the Democrats so constantly represent, but it is an attack on the laboring manses. Sac Francisco Bul letin. Tw Ejt-s for Oue In This Ca. Mr. Thoelie has gone back to his shop, but for every blow struck by Speaker Car lisle at the industrial life of the nation he promises to strike two at the- political life of Mr. Carlisle. Ogdensbuig Journal. Syrap of Flgn Is Nature's own true laxative. It is the most easily taken, and the most effective remedy known to Cleanse the System when Bilious or Costive; to dispel Head aohes, Colds and Fevers; to cure Habit ual Constipation, Indigestion, Piles, etc. Manufactured only by the California Fig Syrup Company, San Francisco, Cal. For sal only by Dowty & Becher. 27-y FARM AND GARDEN. A CONVENIENT AND SAFE DEVICE FOR HOLDING A BULL. i Southern Exposure and Sunshine for Bees. i Uve Stock Statistics The Market Gar dener's Badlsh All About Hotbeds. Safe Device for Handllaa; a Bull. la this progressive age most farmers grow some of their plants under glass, and iu this manuer keep apace with the regular market gardener. The con- j struct ion and management of hotbeds is a comparatively simple matter after one has had some practical experience in this di rection. Manure lieds are ,the sort of ten est used, and horse droppings is tho pre ferred manure. There are two methods in use now by gardeners in forming the manure bed, some digging a pit and sinking the manure into it, and others building the manure up into a square bed and setting the frame on it. The first method re quires the most labor and the second the most manure, hence in making a choico of methods one must let labor versus manure decide the matter. The first plan isjthe one most generally employed, and thereforo is familiar, having been often explained. The cut here given shows a perspective view of abed constructed on the manure without a pit, and descrilied by Isaac F. Tillinghast, of La Plume, Pa., in his "Plant Manual," along with other instructive matter of general and wide spread interest HOTBED WITHOUT A PIT. Mr. Tillinghast advises that the spot selected for the bed be as sheltered as possible on the north and west by some building or high board fence. The sash should slope gently to the south or east If the manure is fine and contains little or no long straw it will be necessary to put a plank frame around it to keep it in position. After leveling the manure there ought to be three or four narrow boards laid across it on which to rest the hotbed frame, so that after the manure heats all will settle together evenly. Otherwise the weight of the frame and sash will force down into the manure, and the center of the bed will appear to raise ami i displace the plants. When ready to begin operations the manure ought to be forked over, shaken mit finely and thrown into a high conical heap to heat; If dry it should bo watered until well dampened throughout the heap. If allowed to stand iu this heap about oue week it wMl heat and begin to smoke like a small volcano. A vital point to be ob served in making a hot bed is to spread the manure down while hot; it then con tinues to heat, but if spread down cold it will heat slowly and unevenly. Early in the spring, when considerable cold weather is still anticipated, it is advised to use a common wagon box full of manure to each sash, bnt later iu the season, when forming beds in which to transplant seed lings, one-half that quantity will suffice The soil used should be prepared in ad vance; it must be light, loose and rich. This Boil should be placed on the manure to a depth of from four to six inches and the glasses properly adjusted. The most common sashes are S by 6 feet. The frame, therefore, should be made 6 feet wide and as long as is necessary to accom modate the number of sashes to be used. After the soil becomes warm sow the seed in rows about four inches apart and scatter them quite thickly in the rows. Mr. Tillinghast advises against sowing broadcast, as the labor of keeping free from weeds is greater. When the seed lings are about three inches high he trans plants into rows 3 by 6 inches, and as soon as these require more space he transplants again. In transplanting tomato plants it is advised to get the stem well into the soil. The object sought is plenty of fibrous roots on a short, stocky stem. Closely watch the temperature of the beds, which ought to be kept as near 65 degs. as pos sible for tomatoes, peppers, etc. Cabbage and cauliflower require less heat and ought not to be placed in the same bed with tomatoes. Mr. Tillinghast thinks that better cabbage plants are produced without bottom heat, and employs for these a frame fitted the same as for a hot lied, except that the manure is omitted for the bottom heat He covers this frame with sash and sows the seed in February or early March. A Good Radish for Market Gardeners. Among novelties In vegetables cata logued for the first time is the Philadel phia white "box" radish, which is illus trated and described by James Vick in his Guide for 1888, and shown in the accom panying cut. The points of superiority claimed for it are, a short top, rapid growth, perfect turnip shape, extra lino quality and showing no disposition to become pithy with age. PHILADELPHIA BOX RADISH. Vick has found it especially adapted for growing in boxes or frames, heuce its name, as well as early sowing on squares or borders in the open crround. Owing to its thick short leaves, can be sown very thickly in the row without causing the leaves to "draw." It has been estimated that fully one-half more radishes can be grown in tho same spaco of this sort than most other varieties, hence its value to those engaged iu forcing early vegetables under glass. Care of Cows Daring- the Spring and Summer A IJovelty In Peppers Value of Safe and Gentle Bones How to Fertilize Crops. Incorporated in the report of the trans actions of the Massachusetts Horticul tural society is an essay by Dr. C. A. Goessman on "The Rational Fertilization of Garden Crops and Fruits." Following are some useful extracts from the same One ot tne nrst requirements for a healthy condition and a subsequent suc cessful propagation of any plant consists in adopting a well devised system of fertilization. An indifferent system of manuring is at the root of -a great many failures. A system of manuring is rational when it is based upon the results of -a (flR- mm V v sT - 2f&3mJ A, RYK; P., TCUSU; c, beet; d, carrot; E, LUCKRXE. careful examination Into tne composition of the plant under cultivation and ou a due consideration of its natural qualifica tions for availing itself of tho needed plant food, both from the atmosphere and the soil. Plants with well developed and extensive root system may prosper where those with a compact oue will fail, and the same statement applies with equal force to the character of their leaf system. (See illustrations iu which "a" represents rye, "b" turnip, "c" sugar beet, "d" cartot, "e" lucerne and "f" potato.) To determine with certainty the compo sition of a plant, especially with reference to its soil constituents, requires repeated examinations in different stages of its growth and when raised upon different kinds of soil. The good effects of barn yard manure and wood asto) rest on their complex character and on their intliienco over various physical and chemical quali ties of the soil. Experience proves that barnyard maunre is most efficient when used for the reproduction of those crops which have contributed materially to its manufacture; and the same proposition may be maintained with reference to the manurial value of vegetable compost and ashes. To feed plants rationally implies in formation of two kinds, a knowledge of the special wants of the plant as regards the absolute amounts and relative propor tions of the various plant foods, and a fa miliarity with the composition of the dif ferent kinds of manurial matter at our dii-posal. POTATO PLAJJT. It ought to be borne iu mind: 1. All cultivated plants contain tho sain? ele mentary constituents, yet no two of them in the same absolute amounts and rela tive proportions. 2. These plant constit uents are furnished in part by the sur rounding atmo-pliere, in part by the soil and some in varying proportions by both. 3. The essential plant constituents are not needed in different plants in the same pro portions at the various successive stages of growth, but are wanted at different stages of growth iu different absolute amounts and relative proportions. Each plant has its especial wants at different stages of its development. Grain crops require much nitrogen in an available form during their later period of growth, when blooming and form ing seeds: grape vines need a large amount of potash during the growing and maturing of the grapes. 4. The absolute amount of essential mineral constituents may vary in the same plant without affecting, as a rule, the general character of that plant; yet not one of tho essential elementary mineral constituents can serve in place of another one to any marked extent without altering, in many instances in a serious way, the relative proportion of the organic constituents of plants. 5. The particular form in which we apply various articles of plant food, as well as the special associations in which they may lie applied, exerts cmite fre quently a decided influence, not only on tho quantity of the crop, but also on its quality. 6. The natural resources of the soil in available plant food have proved, as a rule, ultimately insufficient for a re munerative management of the farm, the garden and the orchard. Care ought to bo exercised to secure within certain limits a liberal supply of every essential food constituent of the plant under cultivation, so as to meet promptly its periodical wants when called for. The heavier the crop the larger should be the return of the constituents carried off from the soil. Meanwhile we must bear in mind that success docs not depend on any exceptionally large amount of one or the other prominent article of plaut food, such as phosphonc and, pot ash or nitrogen, but on a liberal supply of every essential plant constituent, for of the essential articles of plant food that one which is present in the soil in the most limited proportion controls the ulti mate result. Best Milk Producing Food. Professor Stewart, authority ou such matters, says: "Xeither com meal nor bran is the best milk producing food. With the best clover hay, corn meal should be added as a part of the ration but with corn fodder, straw or poor hay, good wheat bran should be added instead of corn meal. Bran will balance poor fodder better than corn meal. But in making up the milk ration the feeder should seek variety in food. Corn meal and bran together, are better than either alone. The kinds of food best in a milk ration depend upon how the foods balance each other." It is Absurd For people to expect a cure for Indiges tion, unless they refrain from eating what is unwholesome ; but if anything will Bharpon the appetito and give tone to the digestive organs, it is AyeFs Sar saparilla. Thousands all over tho land testify to the merits of this medicine. Mrs. Sarah Burroughs, of 243 Eighth street, South Boston, writes : " My hus band has taken Ayer's Sarsaparilla, for Dyspepsia and torpid liver, and has been greatly benefited." A Confirmed Dyspeptic. C. Canterbury, of 141 Franklin st, Boston, Mans., writes, that, suffering for years from Indigestion, he was at last induced to try Ayer's Sarsaparilla and, by its use, was entirely cured. Mrs. Joseph Aubin, of High street, Holyoke, Mass., suffered for over a year from Dyspepsia, so that she could not eat substantial food, became very weak, and was unable to care for her family. Xeither the medicines prescribed by physicians, nor any of the remedies advertised for the cure of Dyspepsia, helped her, until she commenced the use of Ayer's Sarsaparilla. "Three bottles of this medicine," she writes, " cured me." Ayer's Sarsaparilla, rSBTAKKD BY Dr. J. C. Ayer & Co., Lowell, Mass. IWst Hi ssi istUss, as. Worth a bottle. THE FIRST National Bank! or COLUMBUS, It -HAS AN- Authorized Capital of $250,000, A Surplus Fund of - $20,000, And the largeat Paid im Cask Capital of any bank in this part of the State. jyiX'poaits received and interest paid oa time deixwits. J3yDraft on the principal cities in this coun try and Europe bought and sold. CsTCoUections and all other business givaa prompt and careful attention. STOCK1IOLDKB9. A. ANDERSON. PWt. J. H. GALLEY, Vice Ptes't. O.T.ROEN.Caahler. G.ANDERSON. P. ANDERSON. JACOB GREI8EN. HENRY. RAGfZ. JOHN J. SULLIVAN. W.A.McALU9Tlh. Apr23.'96tf justness ards. D. T. Mart, M. D. F. J. Schco, M. D. Drs. XAKTTH ft SCHTJG, U. S. Examining Surgeons, Local Surgeons, Union Pacific, O.. N. X H. II. and U. &. M. It R's. Consultation in German and English. Tele phones at otlice nnd residences. jy Offieo on OHto street, next to Brodfash rer's Jewelry Store. COLUMBUS. NEBRASKA. 42-J TIT' A. ncAM.MTER, ATTORNEY r XOTARY PUBLIC. Office np-8tairs in Henry's building;, corner of Olive and 11th streets. an10-87y LAW AND COLLECTION OFFICE. Upstairs Ernst building, 11th street CULI.IVAI 4c KEEDEK, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, Office over First National Bank. Columbus. Nebraska. jnf Q I. EVAN'S, M. !., rilYSICUX AXD SUROEOX. BOffice and rooms. Gluck bnildiag. llth street. Telephone communication. -y y 91. MACFAKI,A, ATTORXEY XOTARY PUBLIC. . r..ffic over First National Bank. Coluw bu, Nebraska. COUXTY SURVEYOR. -Parties deainni; Biirveying done can ad-'jUT-9 "?,?' t-olunilms. Neb., or call at my office n Court Hon,. SmayW-y T J.CKAIEK, CO. SUP'T. PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 1 will be in my office in the Court House, the tliinl Saturday of each month for tho examina tion or applicants for teachere certificates, and for the transaction of other itchiwl buain.ss. lsjanS8 WALURAF IIUOM., DRA Yawl EXPRESSMEN. LiRht and heavy hanlintr. Goods handled !" ":-, Headquarter!, at J. P. Becker 4 Co.'s office. li-lephone.XIandSl. S0mar87y DR. J. HA. WlhM.Y, (Oeuttcher Arzt.) PHYSICIAN mid SURGEON, Columbus. Neb. EYE DISEASES A SPECIALTY. Office: ... - - leiptinr Telephone: Eleventh Street. Office No. W: Itesidence No.87. ZJmarifl JOHNU.HIGGIN8. ('. .1. laitmiv Collection Attorney. HIGOINS & 0ABL0W, ATTORiWS-AT-LAW, Specialty made of Collections by C. J. Garlow W-ru RCBOYD, - MANCFACTCHKH OF Tin and Sheet-Iron Ware ! Job-Work, Eoofine and Gutter ing a Specialty. iShop on Olivo street, 2 doors north of Brodfnehrer'a Jewelry Store. 82-tf nrrns1 .wonders ex,t m 1 1 L K Uthouttands of forms, but are sur 1 1 1 r 1 JE1"1 bythemurtelsof invention. ' Thou who are in need of profitablu work that can be done while liing at homo should at once eend their address to Hallett Jc. Co., Portland, Maine, and teceive free, full in formation how either ex, of all ages, can earn from 43 to 25 per day and upwi.rds wherover they live. 1 ou are utarted free. Capital not re quired. Homo have made over $50 in a single day at this work. All succeed. 87dec28y SSOORiwari! Wo will pay the above reward for any case of liver complaint, dspepsia, sick headache. Indi gestion, constipation or costiveness we cannot cure with West's Vegetable Livor Pills, when the Directions ore strictly complied with. They are rarely vegetable, and never fail to give fcatisf ac tion. Large boxes containing SO sugar coated pills, 25c. For sale by all druggists. Beware of counterfeits and immitations. The genuine manufactured only by JOHN C. WEST 4 CO.. 62 W. Madison St.. Chicago, 111. dec7'87y INVENTION! has revolutioniifd the world during the last half century. Sot least amonsr th wonders of inventive protrress is a method and system of work that can be performed all otbt thecountry without separating tho workers from their homes. Pay liberal; any one can do the work; either sex. young or old: no special ability required. Capital not needed; you am started freo. Cut this out and return to us and we will eend yon free, something of great value and im portance to yon, mat wui start you in business. wnicn win bring ich will bring you in more money right away, n anything else in the world. Grand outfit e. Address True A Co., Augusta, Me. dec thani free. .NfWAPSR A book oflQO pages. , The best book for aa I tle .m jt, m. ""'nlliT w row JRTreiHg; I enced or otherwise. It contains lists of newspapers and estimates of the coat of advertising-. The advertiser who wants to spend one dollar, finds ta It the In formation he requires, while forhim who will Invest one hundred thousand dollars la ad vertising; a scheme la Indicated which will moot his every requirement, or onssesMae todotobfiluihlehangettuUfcrHMiai oeoer respondemct. 148 editions have beea Jssaed. Sent, post-paid, to any address for W eeata. Write to GEO. P. RQWKLI. A CO., NEWSPAPER APYEJtTlinre M7BXAU. UOSonwaas.rrlaliiouMtfl..), Hew York.