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About The Columbus journal. (Columbus, Neb.) 1874-1911 | View Entire Issue (July 20, 1887)
ohmbxL Momml VOL. XVUL-NO. 13. COLUMBUS, NEB., WEDNESDAY, JULY 20, 1887. WHOLE NO. 897. m tr COLUMBUS STATE BANK. I'OMJMBU.S, KEIi. Cash Capital $75,000. lllltKCTOl.S LJCOiflKltUKKItAltO. I'i.-.'t. oi:. w. iiui-sr. u- iio-'t. iULIUii a. kkki. it II. 1IKNICY. J. K I'ASKKI.. Caihirr. Haak !" iSepoittt, IMhcouhi JellectlBlrstally .vlnde am II PolatM. srmy lterMl 'rime Wepow Ito. COLUMBUS Savings Bank, LOAN & TRUST COMPANY. Capital Stock, SI 00.000. OFFICIOS: A. ANDKKSON. IWt. O. V. SUKLDON. Vice Prv-'t. O.T. KOKN. Tniis. KOKKKT IJIILUS. Src. -4-e Will r.v.-i lium .1. invito, tiom jl.00 ami uny amount upward, and will :iy tin cu tonihry rata of inU'ro-1. iVf pnrticiil.'irl cIma inr ctteiition t our furiliti.i. hu niakiu;: I.miis nu il c-itate, at tin loueft rate of iut.-r.it. fcTitj. rliol and Count Hnutl. ami in dividual s.-uritie are txnigl.t. Itijune'sfiy fOIl THE CALL ON- A.& M.TURNER Or . W. KIIII.P.K. WII.I.IM lilHI.KK, ''ruvrlinu KtalMHiM. W"Tht-e unsm rre fin.t-fla. in every Iir tirular, aad t-i -iiar.ii.te.d. SCHAFFROTH & PLITK. iKi.vi is WIND MILLS, AND PUMPS. Buckeye Mower, combined, Self Binder, wire or twine. n - Pimps Repaired on short notice fcOne door wed of H.-intz's Iruu Store. 11th strret. Columbu. Neb. liuoMi-tf HENRY G-ASS. UNDEETAKEK ! COFFINS AND METALLIC CASES AND DKALKK IN Faraiture, Chairs, Bedsteads, Bu reaus. Tables. Safes. Lounges, Ac, Picture Frames and Mouldings. SW Repairing of all kind of Cphol sttry Goods. a-tf COLUMBUS, NEBRASKA. PATENTS C1TEIT8. TfeADE JURKS AND CIPYBIGHTS Obtained, sad all other l.ueiness in the U. R. Patent Office, attended to for MODERATE FEES. - Our office i opposite the U. 8. Patent Office. 4 B can obtain Patents in leys time than the resaote from WASHINGTON. gsndVODEL OK DRAWING. W- advise as to Pt Witt hi litr froe of charce: and make NO CsfABGE UNLESS WE OBTAIN PATENT. Ws ester., here to the Postmaster, the Sunt, of 'ICosay Order Div., and to officials of the 0. 8. Passat OCce. For circulars, advice, terms and '-sacsrsnces to actoal clients in yourown State or eosasy, write to' . - " w Opposite Pateitf Office, WsMntfcnTuro. WESTERN COTTAGE ORGAN gjtaaljSf THE RAGPICKERS. ONE ELEMENT OF THE POPULA TION OF A GREAT CITY. I Blue Blood Owner of Horse afld WagousArIstocrata of the Hand Cart. Kuiuuiacera of Morales; aad Night. Life Near the Dump. Ragpickers form a very important ele ment of the busy population of a great city like Brooklyn, and a careful observation of their methods will reveal some curious and interesting- facts. They are properly di vided into four distinct classes, each having a separate field of action and seldom in fringing upon the territory of the other divis ions of the fraternity. The first class, who could quite properly be called the upper ten of rogpickerdom, includes the itinerant deal ers who conduct their business by means of dilapidated looking horses and wagons. They would undoubtedly indignantly resent their classification with ordinary ragpickers, but candor coniitels me to name them as such. They pay an annual license fee of $3 for the privilege of buying the city's rubbish. They pay a higher price for goods than the men who propel the handcarts, and fre quently hire idiops of their own for assort ment and storage of their purchases. They generally carry on a thriving business, and from long experience and acquaintance know where the choicest rags are found. They have regular dates for calling on small tailoring establishments in order to secure the cuttings and trimmings which are too small to bt used by rag manufacturers. They also get the pickings of small sliirt factories, printing houses, book binderies and a score of similar establishments. THE BAND CART AKMY. The second class comprises the army of hand cart dealers who can bs seen every day pushing their trucks, adorned with from one to a score of motley shail, sized and toned bells, along in front of them. They are avaricious in their dealings, man age to live in moderate circumstances, and are willing to purchase a number of articles which most people classify as. rubbish. But what is rubbish to some people iron and other metals, bones and old c irpets and a mul titude of similar articles is thus bought by the thousands of jtounds daily. This class ik always well posted in the tricks of the trade, and have certan streets which they have drummed for years. By long experi ence they learn which of their customers will sell his rags at any price, and which will haggle with them over the last penny. They otten find unexpected treasures tn their purchases, and rarely return anything valuable that thus comes within their clutch. We now come to the third class of rag pickers, who are by far the most aggressive in their methods. I refer to the rummagers who are abroad early in the morning and late at night, overhauling our ash cans and ash barrels. Thtsy are mostly Italians, and carry huge bugs and a long iron hook, not unlike a stove jtoker. They are numbered by the thousands, are almost unacquainted with the laws and customs of this country, live iu the toorest class of tenement', and by the most stringent economy and indus try manage to save up quite resitectable hank accounts. The inborn passions of the Italian race are but little modified by our climate, or by contact with our people, and fatal affrays are of frequent occurrence among tnem. iney are clanuisn, preserve their national customs, subsist on the cheap est food and endure privations and hard hhijw that would kill nine out of ten of our native population. This class take every thing from a barrel that their hooks will drag forth old boots, shoes, hats, rags, fragments of carpet, bottles, corks, horse hair, feathers, paper, wood, coal, cigar stubs indeed everything except ashes and clinkers. Often the barrels of brown stone fronts yield rich finds to these delvers. A PLETHORIC BUNDLE. Ono day I saw a swarthy fellow stop be fore half a doen barrels grouped on the Ri'deualk before a Clinton avenue house, and haul forth article after article, among which were the following: A Turkish rug, whicli was not in shreds by any means, and which undoubtedly saw subsequent service In the tinder's bedchamber; an old bat which was immediately substituted for a dilapidated cap on the finder's head; old shoes, rags and articles of tin ware, which were thrust into his roomy bag, and an ap ple and a crust of bread, which, after a few preliminary polishes on milord's soiled coat sleeves, were ravenously devoured. He had arrived at ths spot with a bag having a decidedly emaciated appearance, but left with a plethoric bundle, under whose weight he could hardly stagger. Harvest time with all rag pickers comes in the spring. For then it is that houses are cleaned, families move, old carpets are thrown away, old garments are discarded and thousands of articles, find their way to the teeming ash barrel. Brooklyn pays about $00,000 annually for the removal of its ashes, and last year over 2(50,000 loads were carted to the low lots which abound ir South Brooklyn and elsewhere. It is near these dumps, in miserable hovels, that the last, but by no means the least, class of this great family of ragpickers dwell. They ore up betimes in the morning awaiting the ar rival of the ash carts like as many vultures would await the coming of prey, and no carrion crows ever plunged their talons in the carcass of a dead cow with more vorac ity than these people settle down to a frouzy examination of the ash heaps. A person would suppose that little remains in the allies after the rummaging of the Italian street pickers. But men, women and chil dren by the hundreds work there with bag and basket from sunrise to sunset. Old coal scuttles, pots, kettles, pans, "broken crockery, hats, caps, bonnets, cast off gar ments, feathers, coal, wood and multitudes of similar articles are taken to the finders' shanties and cleaned and repaired for per sonal use. Old metal, rags, paper, bons, bottles, tin cans and scraps of tin, hair, corks, bits of leather and rope are carried away for assortment and sale. Brooklyn Eagle. MESSENGER BOYS' HARDSHIPS. Extracts from Joe Howard's Letter. Hard Work, long Hours. Temptations. We complain of their laziness. Perhaps they are tired. Let's look at that for a mo ment. A day's work is supposed to bo ten hours, but the boys are compelled to remain until they aro "let off," and in many cases these little chaps work from fourteen to sixteen hours a day. For the extra hours he re ceives extra pay of five cents each, so that assuming fourteen hours to be the limit, in addition to his regular pay he would re ceive five cents an hour for four hours, or twenty cents, for which he gives up his rest, his sleep, his recreation pretty tough. We little know the temptations to which they are subjected. I havo seen little fel lows on the streets at midnight and in the early hours of the morning, sometimes on legitimate errands, often not. I overtook one not long since and questioned him for a moment as we walked along. He said he had been running for several hours in the service of a sick man. He had been to the doctor's two or three times, to the drug store several times, for a nurse and to the postofflce, and he was literally fagged out. The companies are as ready to place their instruments in a barroom as in a church, iu a house of ill fame as in a private dwelling, and the boys, according to their turn and not according to their ages or 'experience, arc sent to these places at all hours of the night, and to sporting-houses, dives, all man ner of infamous rendezvous, where their eyes are greeted with orgiecal developments of various nature, where they acquire hab its of drinking and smoking, where they meet men ss bad as the 'women with whom they consort, who drink and make them uriuK, woo solicit them to indulgence tn every possible vice and subject them to in dignities and outrages which would para lyze, one would suppose, the society organ ized for the prevention of cruelty to chil dren, if by an accident they should ever know of the beastliness to which children are exposed in this Christian city. Little chaps are forced to buy bear by the big boys in the office, and good boys who never drink are expected to put money In toward paying for it as much as bad boys who want'the drink. They think it is great fun at times to badger each other and not only to tempt but to force boys to all man ner of dirt and evil. As a rule, the offices are contracted and crowded, overheated and badly ventilated. A boy may be out ia the rain or the snow for hours and on returning seas himself near a beater, whence, after steaming for half an hour or so, he is called and starts out again with shrunken clothes. He rides in the heated elevated cars on a winter day or walks in the biting blast. Joe Howard In New York World. Along the Coast of Norway. Navigation along the coast of Norway is very smooth, with no dangers for the timid or tho victims of seasickness. Even when running along tho coast north and south there are almost all the way outlying islands which break the force of the sea, giving smooth water, while the fjords which run deep into the land, some of them being tighty to 100 miles long, are as completely land locked as an ordinary river. There is at times difficulty in finding anchorage atoigthe coast, the water being so deep that it is necessary to decide beforehand as to where you will anchor. The Norwegian government takes as much care in providing proper anchorage as in providing lighthouses You see along the shore at intervals, apparently white balls upon the rocks, which on inquiry, you find to be places where rings and staples have been set into the rock for vessels to fasten to, and small steamers are kept plying along the coast to fee tfiat these are always in proiter order. Aloug the whole north coast there is an extremely perfect system of telegraphic communication, cables being laid to the islands. This system is used a good deal to notify fishermen when the fish, herring and others have "struck in' in large quantities at any given locality, so that not only limy fishermen go there to catch then., but they may procure barrels and other material for packing. Col. George Bliss iu New York Times. Haberton'a "Badge" and "Toddy." The following anecdote of "Helen's Ba bies" has not heretofore been published: The babies went with their mother to. visit her father, D. P. M. Hastings, of Hartford, whose brother, a missionary in India, mar ried a sister of President Cleveland. The doctor at that time lived in a house with high steps, having his office in the basement. There was an inside passageway through the cellar from the office to the living rooms, and during the visit of the little boys to their grandfather the cellar stairs were one day found sprinkled with little pieces of taper. When questioned as to their object the children explained that they put the bits of taper there in order to find their way back from the office by their aid. Their mother had evidently been reading Grimm's fairy tales to them. One of the boys is now a well grown youth. The other died while still young, and his parents, although they had then two children younger than Budge and Toddy, adopted a little girl of the age of their lost boy. Buffalo Courier. Xallasfci the Torpedo Boat Maa. Lieut. 7allniM. whose experiments with a dynamite throwing gun and a submarine torpedo at Fort Lafayette have attracted so much attention lately, is a well built, mid dle aged man with dark hair just beginning to show a tinge of gray. He makes a friend of everybody he meets by bis kindly and modest manners. In speaking of the pro gress in hie work by which he has advanced from throwing a charge of fifteen pounds of dynamite to a distance of half a mile to the throwing of 200 pounds of nitro-gelatlne to a distance of over a mile with safety, he always uses the pronoun we, referring to the workmen who assist him. He uses the names of the workmen much more fre quently than he refers to ale own efforts. He lives with his family in a comfortable cottage In the officers' row at Fort Hamil ton, where, those of his friends who know him intimately say, he gives dinners that are even more perfect in their way than his experiments with engines of war. New York Sun. Labouchere's Glass et Champagne. When at Frankfort I had the honor of serving under the late Sir Alexander Malet, and certainly a more kindly chief was not to be found in the service. His legation was accredited to several of the minor courts, and at one of them I was even more appre ciated than my chief. This was why. Oc casionally there was a ball at the court, which we were expected to attend. At my first ball supper I fouud myself at a table next to a grandee, gorgeous in stars and rib bons. The servant came to pour out cham pagne. Now, I detest this wine, so I shook my head. The grandee nudged mo and said: "Let him pour it out." This I did, and he explained to me that the potentate whose hospitality we were enjoying never gave his guests more than one glass, "so you see, if I drink yours I shall have two,' and he suited tho action to the word. After this there used to be quite a struggle to sit near me at court suppers. London Truth. Talking- Across the Contlaeat. "I've heard all the stories of long tele graph circuits," said a postal telegraph operator at Buffalo, "and in my time I've worked some pretty long ones myself, bat I never heard of anything that equaled one that we had the other afternoon. Our peo ple are building a line from the terminus of the Canadain Pacific to 'Frisco, and I heard Vice-President Henry Rosener talk ing with President Chandler in his office, in New York city. Mr. Rosener was at New Westminster, which is on tho Pacific coast just opposite Vancouver island, so they were talking across the continent. By that route it is about 3,000 miles, for tho wire was made up via Buffalo, Toronto, and the Canadian Pacific Every few min utes I could hear Medicine Hat chip in, and ell along the circuit the operators were 'on.' It was a wonder to everybody, and the in struments were working as clear as a bell on that long copper wire." Chicago Times. The Contribution Box. We have all heard odd names given to the contribution boxes which are jased among the pews of our churches with such regular ity on all devotional occasions, especially to the long handled affairs which have of late taken place of the good, old-fashioned ortho dox platter. These names have been generally strained like "wooden corn pop per," "undeveloped to3" wagon," "merciles gleaner," etc; but I heard a truly witty designation given this useful piece of eccle siastic furniture by a keen clergyman, while attending a union service recently. He first said that the collection on that occasion would be for the needy poor, asking for a liberal allowance on that account, and then added, drolly, as he held out a couple of long handled concerns with oval-shaped bowls: "The stewards will please pass around the ladles." Chicago Journal. Test or m Diamond. "What is a good test of a diamond?" asks a correspondent. About as good a test as any is to ask the jeweler you buy it of what hi will take it back for. If he will offer half as much as it costs it Is apt to be a gen uine stone. New York Graphic. Mr. Labouchere is the greatest smoker la parliament, ana wants sverybody to everywhere. A LOUEIAHA BALL HOW THE CREOLES OF THE AT TAKAPUS PRAIRIE ENJOY LIFE. A Pen Picture of Village Hospitality. Frolic at a Lane House as the Prairie. A Lively 8ceae "Gombo" aad Chivalry. The Old Peddler. Across the rolling Attakapus prairie a small cavalcade trotted, apparently in no hurry to reach its destination. The natural gait of the little Creole ponies was an easy "lope" or canter J therefore it was that the irregular, rough trot of the animals evi denced a restraining pull at the heavy bits. Thre were five in the party, all excellent horsemen and all dressed in the coarse but durable homespun cottonade of that section of Louisiana. They seemed to be enjoying themselves, for their hearty laughter and loud repartee, in French, all talking at one time, bespoko a freedom from care and also a source of amusement they possessed in common. In the distance, just peeping above one of the swells in the prairie, the slender spire of the little church of St. Pierre broke the line of the horizon, and in its direction the party were riding. Out upon these broad stretches of almost treeless country distances are very deceptive, and it was about two hours after the steeple was first seen that the riders reined up in the little town. The settlement did not comprise more than twenty-five or thirty houses, the most con spicuous of which were the church referred to and two stores. The visitors alighted at one of the stores, and were cordially greeted by the crowd there assembled. They seemed to know everybody and everybody was on terms of intimacy with them, for they were ad dressed by their Christen names and slapped affectionately on the back. The lately arrived horsemen were taken in charge by friends, and each was escorted off to dinner in some of the comfortable dwellings, from the chimneys of which the curling smoke gave sign of the good cheer within. General hospitality wore away the after noon, and as the evening came slowly over the prairie from the far east, where it was already dark, a number of riding parties pasoed down the road, bound for some place beyond. Soon there were twenty-five or thirty on their way, and with them the visit ors. Dressed in all the brilliancy of highly -colored calicoes, dark eyed demoiselles gal loped along as if grown to their side saddles, and their merry laughter made the somber quiet of the prairie musical as they rode. An hour's ride brought the party to their destination. The house stood alone on tht prairie, sheltered by two or three live oaks. Four rooms, with a broad gallery in front, a hallway through the middle and large dining room, taking up the ground plan of the isolated dwelling. A bright bonfire was burning in front and the windows glistened like squarely cut rubies, with the genial il lumination inside. A large number of men and women, at tired in quite gay toilets, welcomed the newly arrived, and for a time nothing could be beard but the warm salutations of friends. The large dining room in the rear was the main object of interest, and after ribbous had been arranged, hack hair adjusted and skirts smoothed down aM the ladies hurried to its precincts. The floor was cleared of all furniture, and around the walls long benches of boards had been put up, that as many as possible might be accommodated with seats. Beside the windows and doors smoking can dles, inserted in auger holes bored in small pieces of wood, gave a bright light that afforded one an opportunity of a more care ful inspection of the guests. All ages were represented, but the young were in the majority. Married dames with infants in arms moved about as full of the enjoyment of the hour as the belles decked out In ribbons and perfumed with cinnamon esseuce. At about 8:30 o'clock the shrill squeak of a violin sounded from one corner of the ballroom and was followed by the deep diapason of an accordion. The floor was cleared and the young gal lants selected their partners. The full faced old gentleman with silver spectacles whis pered to his neighbor with the accordion, "Un! Deux! Trots!" and off they started sometimes the accordion ahead, snd then the violin, in tho inspiriting movement of an old fashioned marourka. The benches around the room were now crowded with the feminine portion of the guests, the male admirers being compelled to stand in the doorways, from whence a galaxy of eyes drunk in the animated scene. After each dance there was a promenade, which afforded anxious mothers an oppor tunity of seeking their infants where they were all nestled together on one bed in a rear chamber, a id there to quiet lusty cries induced by hunger by a hurried administra tion of nature's best infantile food. Dance followed dance. Then the quadrille was announced, and three sets took the floor. The old violinist was now in his element. Beating time with the toe of a very heavy boot, he made it impossible for the dancers to forget the measure, and in a musical lit tle voice he instructed the more modest in the figures with "Avant deux? Balance 1 Cbassez! Croisez! Chaine des dames!" In the midst of the "lady's chain" a sten torian voice from the front room called out ' 'Gombo. ' ' The music lost its influence and there was a rush for the halL Men sought their favorites this way and that, anxious maidens kept their eyes on tho floor hoping for the coming of certain gallants. There was some crowding around the entrance to the improvised refreshment room from which came the savory odor of a rich gombo and strong coffee. Unlike the custom at balls within the jurisdiction of a more cere monious social code the gallants passed their fair ones alone by the doorkeeper into tho sumptuous feast and then adjourned to the front gallery to smoke a cigarette. As tho ladies completed their hurried re past and approached the door to make an exit, the doorkeeper with lusty voice shouted the name of the demoiselles' escort, "Jean Servat! Alphonse Descalle! Bebe La tour! These knights soon put in an appearance, and paying the modest sum of twenty-five cents for the gombo their belles had eaten, secured their freedom from the doorkeeper's demands. With chivalric regards the men await their repast until the fairer are all served. Happy in the enjoyment of tho lovely dance and gay conversation, the guests for got the gallop of the hours, and when the gray of morning began to steal over tho prairio then only did they realize that New Year's day had come and another year was ushered in. Charles E. Whitney in Times Democrat. DAYS OF THE WEEK. The Physiognomy of Tuesday, Wcdaes day and Thursday. Tuesday has only this bold onourrecog nition, that it is not so far from Sunday but there is a distinct, if diminished, flavor of its being still "along the first of the week." Things promised for this conveniently vague period can still be creditably performed. But to-morrow, we feel, will be already the mid dle of the week. There is, accordingly, a light "hurry up" tinge about Tuesday. Wednesday is still worse off for identity of countenance. Its face is chiefly to be known by its not being that of any other day in the week, ss some persons are known only by their not being anybody else. The middle of its forenoon is the time, when we ask some one, "Whatdayisthisf It has occurred to me that their might be, Ja quiet families, some special bit of food ss a mnemonic for Wednesday. If the fish was sacred to the Teutonic Venus, sad so came into Frige's day, is there not some flesh or fowl that might be considered to baloas; to Woden! uo we not know, indeed, of a vegetable, a tittle under a cloud, perhaps, whose subdued fragrance in the house might stir the fountains of memory and of tears, and mark the day Yet if we search cautiously in our mental .impressiou of Wednesday, we may find a kind of leisurely and humdrum look that is all its own. The hour of the first of -the-week dash into great enterprises is gone. We are in tho midst of everything, with time enough before us to prevent hurry, but not enough to invite any vigor of attack. This early middle-of-the-.week-ness it is which vaguely marks Wednesday to the mind. Thursday, however, begins to have a dim iuuuior oi a sense oi fmu-w-uat-wec nuuu w.. imsro a greater uegree ine hurry-up suggesUveness of Tuesday, but with uua iubtkcu umereuce; uu mtauay u was the haste of hope; now it is tho haste of fear. It is the day of feeling oppressed with the lot of things that were to have been done (on Wednesday we should have said Ho be done;" now we use the regretful or remorseful "to have been!") done this week "and here we are," we say, "past the middle of it" Thurs day is therefore the working day par ex . cellence. Jf a man ever dons any stroke of I solidwork if he is not constitutionally op ( $& UP" working between meals" at all he is likely to do it now. Atlantic r Fire In the Water. The sinking of the big gas well near the French camp turnpike calls to mind the fact that the artesian well iu Court House square contains gas, although in small quantities: and this, by a natural and just gradation, , leads to an incident which happened before I the Water Works company went to mixing the artesian with other water. When the artesian was piped pure the gas went with it; the people didn't want the gas, but they got it, anyhow. A drunken man staggered into a saloon and called for whiskey. "Better take a drink of water first," said the smiling barkeeper; "it'll straighten you up." "A'right, Johnnie; fetch 'er out!" he said. The barkeeper turned the faucet, at the same time slyly setting lire to the gas, and let the water run into the sink while he went for the glass. The inebriate's eyes opened wide as he saw the blue flames playing in the falling stream. He shook. He stood silent and white. He shook again. "What's the matter r asked Johnny. "D d-d'yer think I'm goin'ter swaller bell fire" "Fire? Hell fire? where? I don't see any fire." "Why, there right in that w-w-water!" "Aw, you're crazy! What's the matter with you, man!" "Holy heavens!' he yelled, jumping for the door. "I've got 'em! I've got 'em! Gee whilikens, I've got 'em!" And they picked him off the sidewalk and carried him home in an express wagon. Stockton (Cat.) Mail. Dispensing with the Sblrt Bosom. I was standing at a haberdasher's window lately, looking at an immense display of fine shirts, when I was joined by a friend who is almost a professional fop, but who neverthe less delivered himself as follows: "All my life, until a year or two ago, I was a slave to the. shirt bosom. In old times, when the fashion was to display a good deal of it, I used to sit up nights studying the best ar rangement of tho plaits and the best method of making the confounded thing lie smooth. I shall never forget the feeling of triumph I experienced when I first learned that by making two or three sharp creases across the lower end of it, the upper end would not flare out like a scroll of sheet music "Then they began to cut the vests high; and from sheer force of habit, I kept up all this nonsense for about ten years longer. "Finally, seeing that my necktiw always concealed my shirt bosom, I conceived the sublime idea of dispensing with shirt bosoms altogether. I ordered a lot of shot t tailed night shirts, and have never worn anything else since. You can't imagine what a com fort they are! They cost only 1.:Jj apiece, to begin with, the laundries charge only about half price for washing them, they never wear out, and they are the only really comfortable shirts ever worn. I have preserved one or two shirts with bosoms to tie used on state oc casions, but I have never had the courage to put one of them on since I made my new de parture." Chicago Journal. The Manufacture of Hairpins. For years the English and French con trolled the manufacture of hairpins and it is only within the last twenty years that tho goods have been produced in this country to any extent. The machinery used is of a deli cate and intricate character, as the prices at which pins are sold necessitates the most rapid aud cheapest process, which can only be procured by automatic machines. The wire is made expressly for the purpose and put up in largo coils, which are placed in a clamp, which carries it to the machine while straightening it; from there it runs in another machine, which cuts, bends and, by a deli cate and instantaneous process, sharpens the points. Running at full speed, these ma chines will turn out 120 hairpins every min ute. To economize, it is necessary to keep them working night and day. The difficult part of the work is the enameling, which is done by dipping in a preparation and baking iu an oven. Here is where the most constant aud careful attention is required, as the pin must be perfectly smooth and the enamel have a perfect polish. The slightest particles of dust cause imperfectness aud roughness, which is objectionable. Brooklyn Citizen. Winter Bonds In Norway. In riding along the roads you see at fixed intervals stones with inscriptions on them more or less extensive, sometimes simply initials and sometimes names with numbers. These are placed there to show who is bound as the owner of the land to keep the road in repair and to keep it open in the winter, and for what distance his obligation extends. This duty, so far as keeping the roads in re pair is concerned, is fulfilled most admir ably. From the snow plows which you see turned up along the road et intervals I ap prehend that keeping it open in winter is equally well attended to. This is a duty im posed on the farmers, and only in excep tional cases is any compensation made for it. CoL George Bliss in New York Times. His Lack of Confidence. Jim Webster I was jess sayiu' de udder day you was one ob de mos' reckless men I eber seed. "You is right. I isn't feared of nuflin," replied Uncle Mose. "Jess what I said. Den. ob course, you isn't nfeared to lend ni3 a dollah." "No, Jeems, I isn't ofeared to lend you a dollah." "Jess what I said. Hand ober de docker ment." "I isn't nfeared to lend yer a dollah, but I does so hato to part with an old fren' for tber. 1'se got de dollah, Jeems, but I lacks conferdence." Texas Sittings. Wit by Absorption. At the birth of the late Count Von Beast, the Austrian diplomatist, the happy father presented the nurse with several bottles of Rhine wine. Being rather simple minded, ana not understanding what the gift meant' she gojve the infant a wine bath, which com pletely inebriated the little fellow. "That's the way I got my sparkling wit that people talk about," said the sprightly count on one occasion. Paris Cor. Chicago Inter-Ocean. Salntatlon In Tennessee. Not long since I overheard two Tennessee negroes who had met each other: "Howdy do, sir?" "Porely, porcly; I'segot a mighty misery In my back. How's you making it ?' "Me? Oh! I'se kicking, but not high; fluttering, but I can't fly." Detroit Free Press. EAGLES IN INDIANA. THE BY KING OF THE AIR DESCRIBED AN UNFRIENDLY SCIENTIST. The Most Cruel of All Feathered Kob nurs Hie Cowardly Attacks on Inoffea sire Aalmalswrho Dead Tree An Eagles' Council. "A great many persons," said Professor Collett, "who are considered well informed, seem to think there are no eaeles in Indiana. The truth is we havo quite a number, a great , n more W8 It was thaf SCQ. sible old utilitarian, Benjamin Franklin, who ; suggested the turkey as our national bird, objecting to the proud eagle as unrepublican, because he had been appropriated as the em- . blem of sovereignty by a number of mon- , archical powers. The poet and the seer have given their finest fancies and inspira tions to honor this bird, which, after all, is the most cruel of all feathered robbers. Sometimes he is no daintier than the buz zard, and will gorge himself with the vilest carrion. As to' his cruelty, he takes sicial delight in attacking some of the most harm less and innocent animals. He will pick out the eyes of Iambs, apparently more as a tor ture than for food. I have never heard of a case in Indiana where man, woman or child was attacked by an eagle. In my own neighborhood, in Vermilion county, I have known an eagle to tear out the eyes of a dozen lambs, frightening the ewes and keep ing them at a distance by flapping their wings. WOT COWARDLY, BUT WART. "I never knew an eagle to attack an ani mal that was capable of resistance. Not that I mean to say he is cowardly, but he is wary. The eagle, as commonly known, is a solitary, melancholy bird. He is usually seen alone in his flights, soaring at a great height, because his eye is capable of measur ing great distances. Their nests are built of coarse sticks or brush, not well put together, on the top of an inaccessible rock or some tall monarch of the forest. It is commonly believed that tho occupation of such a tree for the nest of an eagle causes its death; hence, in story and in pictures the eagle nest tree is always shown as a dead tree. It is not true that the eagle's occupancy kills the tree, but he chooses a dead or leafless tree for the purposes of observation. Besides, the eggs in the nest may have enemies not merely animals, but birds, like jays aud crows. "I have little doubt that persons occasion ally see eagles and mistake them for other birds, the eagle being so rare. Perhaps, however, many of our oldest inhabitants have not seen more than one or two in a life time. It seems that tlie eagle, like the wild red man, requires a large hunting ground. By a sort of arrangement a territory of live or ten miles square is assigned to a pair of eagles, though they do not sail in company. They always keep the same territory and the same nesting place. "We have in Indiana the bald and the golden eagles, tho former tho more common, the latter extremely rare. Frequently the females and young males of silvered or bald eagles are mistaken for the golden and other species. All males of the bald family are ornamented with a white crest after attain ing the age of 2 years. Before that age they cannot readily bo distinguished from the females iu their more soralter plumage. For many years I liad seen but few eagles, so I was surprised to learn that on an adjoining farm to my own in Vermilion county, In diana, within two miles of my residence, there was a bald eagle assembly that it was held there every night, and was the center to which eagles came from a distance of more than fifty miles in all directions, for a flight of fifty miles or more is nothing to this mighty winged bird. MEETIKO FOR COUNSEL. "They came in the dusk f the evening, and doubtless met for counsel ami direction more than mere companionship. As the birds came iu one ufter another there would be shrieks of welcome and noises very start-, ling to the listener. This national congress, as I call it, has existed for a iriod that the mind of man runneth not to tho contrary. The roosts arc on lofty, bare limbed syca mores in a very solitary place. By actual count these eagles numbered fifty-three, of which twenty-four were males and tho re mainder either females or males that had not reached the age of wearing the white crest. "Why don't eagles increase in number? Well, everybody who gets a chance to kill an eagle does so. Another reason is that their nests are so badly built as not to fur nish security to eggs in case of storm, and they are tlurown down and the eggs broken. I noticed in a paper that an eagle had re cently been killed iu Greene county, 1 think it was that measured eleven feet four inches from tip to tip. I had a wounded eagle for a pet for some time. Ho had a broken vring and could not fly. lie would hold a live chicken with one set of claws and tear it into shreds. Ho was turned looso in a garden and fed regularly every day. Cats, possums, and coons kept at a respectable distance from the wounded king of tho air, and it was unlucky for any strange dog to get within his majesty's clutch. Ho never could escape without leaving a slight testi monial in the way of hair or hiie behind him. The brilliancy of the eye of tho eagle when angry is wonderful. It is dazzling and magnificent in Its fury." IndiauapoUs JournaL THE MANUFACTURE OF SHOT. The Pellets Formed of an Alloy of Arsenic and Lead Procesn in Detail. "Lead shot," said Mr. Tracy, "though some times made of lead alone, is almost always formed of an alloy of arsenic and lead. The arsenic is introduced in the form of arsenious acid or the sulphuret The object of the addition of the arsenic is to render the hard, brittle qualities of the lead softer and more ductile, and of the proer consistence to tako the globular form. Owing to the rapid de composition of the arsenic it is treated by it self in the bottom of the melting kettle. A cover is placed over tho substance, and its stem, which rises up through the kettle, is fastened down. The lead is then added above the cover, and when melted tho cover is lifted out of the liquid mass, which in stantly becomes permeaUd with the arsenic beneath. The alloy thus produced coutain forty-five pounds of arsenic to the ton of lead, and is known as "temper." This again is added, in tlie proportion of 1 per cent, to the puro lead, and thus the shot alloy, con taining a very small ercentago of arsenic, is produced. "The temper pots hold about a ton of metal each. After the shot has reached the bet torn of tho well it is at once lifted out by an elevator and thrown upon an inclined dry ing table, over which they slide, falling finally into a wire gauze rotating cylinder Theui tbey are rolled and ground bigether, and in tltis way the minute, burrs upon them are re moved. From tho cylinder another elevator lifts the shot upon a screening table. This consists of a serious of planes arranged at gradually decreasing heights. Between each two there is an interval. "The shot being started at the head of the highest piano will, if perfect, roll from one piano to another, jumping over the inter mediate space. If imperfect, however, it tumbles and goes liack to tlie melting kettle. The good shot, after passing this ordeal, reaches the separators. It should be ex plained that there are usually several tables, each being devoted to a different sLu of shot The little leaden globes are next elevated to the top cylinder of a scries, arranged ou an incline. They are conical in form ami cov ered with perforated sheet brass. Each cyl inder serves as a sieve for a particular size of shot, retaining that and allowing all smaller sizes to escape. The shifting goes on until each cylinder has picked out the particular class of shot to which it is adapted. The sixes of shot are standard. The smallest is known as 'dust,' and then comes 'No. 12,' which is .05 inch iu diameter, 2,38ft shot going to the ounce. New York Mail and Express. Social Freedom la Mexico. No place affords such perfect social free dom as a Mexican tcrtulia. Anybody pre sented by any other body at oil known to the head of tho family is sure to bo politely received and "offered the house," as tho Mexican phrase is. The Mexicans aro a po lite and social race in all cases where there is nothing to arouso their antagonism or jeal ousy. Any ono who is affable and well dressed is mado wclcomo in a Mexican household so long cs bo presents no likeli hood of competition or rivalry with the master of it in his business or political career. There is no place in tho world where the coat end not the man who wears it takes more marked precedence than here. Lovo of dress is a ruling passion in tho breast of every Mexican male and female. In nothing doc3 their Aztec Indian blood show itself more plainly. From the poor verdulera (vegetable hawker) of the market place, who ornaments her ears, neck, wrists and fingers with tho cheap imitation corals which may be purchased for a few centavoa, to the first ladies of society, it hose persons glitter with diamonds wherever it is possib to place them, this desire for adornment is universally manifested. Rich apparel and a graceful address are better passports to the most aristocratic tertuh'as than tho most sterling mental or moral worth. It is this readiness to open wide tho social doors which makes Mexican society so sadly mixed in character. But the adventurers who thus gain an entrance often provo very usef uL If there is a fiddle they aro planets of the first magnitude, being usually of an active race with elastic limbs and unem barrassed by superfluous flesh. They dance from tho first footings of the orchestra to its last quavering notes. They give pleas ant and salutary exerciso to largo numbers ofmuchachas (young ladies) who would otherwise ornament the wall throughout tho evening. This excites tho gratitude of many mammas, affords these sons of fortune new avenues to establishment in life, and causes them to be unanimously voted by the whole tertulia "the nicest kind of young men." Mexico Cor. Kansas City Times. The Azorean l'easautry. With exports falling off and no manu facturing interests to speak of tho condition of the Azorean peasantry is deplorable. To add to these evils most of tho islands aro ovcrpopulated and wages are extremely low, unskilled labor at times commanding no more than 15 or 20 cents of our money per day. Of course, the cost of living is very little, or people could not exist on these wages; but it is only a bare existence that the poorer classes obtain. Their food is of the coarsest description, their clothing con fined to a few garments of cheap material, and their houses are almost bare of lurni ture. Many of these houses aro unftoorcd, and have not even a tabic or chair. Tho women sit on rugs of native linen spread flat on the floor, and their children aie al lowed to run entirely naked or with one loose garment reaching from tho shoulders to the hips. It is no wonder that, under the circum stances, great uumlters of the islanders emi grate. Thousands have gone to the Sand wich Islands and to America, where the great majority settle in California, and more are going every year. The Portu guese laws regulating emigration are very strict, and no young man over IS years of ago is allowed to go away unless he has served in the army, stood u druft, or will furnish bonds in $300 to come back and servo if drafted. These laws are frequently evaded, aud the business of taking otf "con traband" passengers by Aiuericuu whalers and other vessel-, is us common us smuggling. Cor. Boston Herald. Lnriie and His Luck. Tho Marquis of Lome, the eldest of tho lot, has totally failed to make a place for himself in public service or estimation. Atvouuts differ greatly among tli- who know him as to his talents and liMtiou, but there can be no opinions as to hi-, failure from a popu lar point of view. No doubt hi po-itiou in a royal family, yet not of it, has Iwen mo-.t try ing and difficult. One can realize something of this from the fact that the heir of the Ar gylLs has never been raised, even by courUsy, to the rank of his wife, whereas tht- Batteii herg sublieutenant, offspring of a morgan atic marriage, and not recognized as a prince at any court on the continent, is made a royal highness and a Knight of the Garter at the very start. There is a feeling that Lome ou(ht to have resented this and stood ti; for his right. It may well le that the public would have sat on him if he had, and it is not easy to see just how he could have done it, but the fact re mains that he is rated a poor spirited creature because be hasn't done it The English, too, are in the habit of railing at tho huge families which their princes aud princesses pile upon the tax eating list annually: yet I fancy that the spectacle of Lord Lome's childless fifteen years of wedlock really vexes them more than would the presence of a half dozen little Loroes at the public crib. Loudon Cor. New York Times. Deliclousness of the Langi Nut. Did you ever eat a Langi nut? I want to give a bint to tho fancy grocery dealers, who, all of them, read the newspapers every day. Let them iuvest in Langi nuts. Probably there is not one person out of ,000 in New York who knows what a Langi nut is. A mild eyed young inena or mine, woo has a weakness for wandering around the Chinese quarter in Mott street, gave me something one day which resembled a dried specimen of the pictures of bread fruit which appear in the illustrated geographies. It was almost as light as a feather, and as I turned it in my hand I asked him what I should do with it. "Break it open," he answered. I did sn The shell was as slight as that of a paper al mond, and gave to the easiest pressure. Within wassometbiug that looked like a cross between a prune and a Malaga raisin. "Eat," said the mild eyed young man. I ate my first Langi nut Well, it resem bled in taste the most delicate presorve. You have eaten marrons glaces and have dallied with candied apricots, but for the king, queen, prince and whole royal family of sweets, you want to eat a Langi nut to fully realize tbo orientalism of saccharine bliss. New York Star. Lear In Chancery. At a period when Mossop, the great actor, was managing the theatre in Smock alley. Dublin, business was bad and bis actors wero not paid their salaries. One night Mossop, playing Lear, was supjorted in tho arms of an actor playing Kent, who whispered to him: "If you don't give me your honor, sir, that you'll pay me my arrearages this night teforo I go home I'll let you drop." Mossop, alarmed, besought the nmn not to talk to him now. "I will," said Kent, "I will; I'll let you drop." Mossop was obliged to givo the promise and the actor thus got his money, the effect of a desperate though well timed hint Detroit Free Press. A Detective's Labor. Very few jieople have any idea of th amount of work iierfonued in the Attains Express robliery case. As a part of my own share in it I examined 3.000 diilerent speci mens of penmanship. Just imagine the patient poring over and the close scrutiny of this vast amount of scribbling. Imagine the prying around in all sorts of places and the work of overhauling the immense amount of all kinds of rubbish in the search, in out of the way places, for the possibly hidden treas ure, awl the Ions distance trips by rail to re mote places by day and night in search of seme trace, or following up a clew. Detec tive ia Globe-Democrat Evil is iii anUcoubon with the entire crea soa. Zsckokks. National Bank! or- COLUMBU8. MSB. -HAS AN- Authorized Capital of $250,000, A Surplus Fund of - $20,000, Aud the largest Paid ia Cask Capital any bank in this iwirt of the State. of &'$' Deixwitn rreid and intert aid on time di'lHMtta. WUraftKon tho print i.l citit in this coun try and Kurote Imiiht and sold. Wi'ollectionR aud all other buoint-M given. lrouit Hnd careful attention. HTOCKUOLDEHS. A. ANDKKSON. Prea't. HKHMAN P. H.OKHLHK'H. Vice Pres't. O. T. UOEN, raahier. J. P. BECKKK, . HCHUTIK, JONAS WKLH. P. ANDKKSON. KOBKKT UHLIO. HKKMAN OKHLKICH, W. A. McALLlSTKR, JOHN W. KAKLY. G. ANDKKSON, CAKL KE1NKK. Air2S-'H6tf Qusintss ards. D. T. Mahtyn. M. D. F. J. Bcuco. M. D. Dri. MABTYH ft 8CHU0, U. 8. Examining Surgeons, Local Siutteon. Union Pacific. O.. N. A U. H. and B. A M. K. R'k Consultation iu iter man and KiiKliwli. Tehw phoiHtt at office and rexidt-nceM. sS-Orh'cc on Olive utr.vt. nest to Drcdfiieh rer Jewelry Store. COLUMBUS. NKHRA8KA. 12-y JJAJillVIO JIEAUK, M. !., I'HYSICIAX .IA7 SCKfSEO.X. i'iiittf Center. Nebraska. U-y W .". t'OatrVKI.IiJK, LAW AXI) COLLECTJOX OFFICE. I'l-taint Krnrtt huitdiiu;. lltti ntrwt. LJ.,.. i.iva; a kkkiier, .1 TrnRXKYS AT LA ir. 4 ltlic mr .Vlriika. r'ir-t Nittiounl Kiik, Cohmihii. MMf c. I. KIA.S W. ., l'HYsiriA. .I.V7 .si rt.-i-u.v. i-tr"Ottii itml r.MuiH, i Shirk l.uil.iimc. Mr--t. IW-liu-eiiiiiiiiiiicutiiii. 4y lth 4-Al.l.a'F.K IIKOM., -IV TOKiXFYSAT I III'. OHice ii-Miiir in llinrjV Oliw and Uth rtrtf. W. tury I'll ill ie. luiIiliiiK. corntr of A. McAllirter, N- jena roi xrv siHvr.Yui:. I'tuti.- iLrirJiiK Mirvt-jiii ,!,,. t a(j. me at oluiiihim. .V,., r c;,n nt my tlthfo ilr-t.r m in Ctuiit Hon- .r.iim)i.y TrricK to i:a iii:i. W. H. Tedrow, Co Supt. 1 will in- at ui oilier lit ll.e.,,,,! 1I.,iim.. tl.e llui.l tltir.Inj i.t rati. ii,.,iill. tor tht- t-xsminx. tinu of t, uclirr-.. .VJ-tt OKlTTSriOJIKR AKZT. Coin in hit,., NVIira-kn. on; V lltli SI i. ft '.n.-nlt-i.- .. .-.. i.-.. Klii-1 u-iiclianil litrniHii. limi-sl ioii.Ni;. iiiiasixH. C. J.OAIiLOW. l!t-ctiiui Attorney. HIG0INS & OABL0W, ATTORXEVS-AT-LAW, S-ialt uiMifot ( illt-itH.iu.il ( .J. Harlow. Sl-in . r. hii:h,.u.d.. HOMCEOPATHIST. Chroaio Diseases Children a aad Diseases of Speeialtv. uv0'', "i".,01'.'" m,"-. dcoro noith of rin-t Nntiomd Bank. v.iy P II. K I SCII K, Uth St., opposite Lindell Hotel. HflN IlKrnei. Saddl, Collar. Whit., Blankets. utry t nmK Brush, trunk, valise. biiKKy toj, curliiGi;s, rturiHKe trimming, Ac, at the ""i i.fiiiie price. itepaijB promptly Iori(uil It. Kt- y .11. n FAiti.Ai, "ATTORNEY ANDNOTAKY PUBLIC. LAW AND t'OLLEtTION OFFICE -OF- J. M. MCFAKIARD, Columbus, Nebraska. RCBOYD, UANCKACTrnEn of Tin and Sheet-Iron Ware ! Job-Work, Hoofing; and Gutter ing; a Specialty. TBliop on Olive ctrt-rt, BrodfiirhrrrV Jewelry Store. doom north S.'-tf of A.J.ARNOLD, HK.U.KK IN DIAMONDS, FINE WATCHES, CtotrliM, sVwrlry AMI SILVERWARE. Strict nilfiitit.it Kivrn to rrpairint: of H'Htcln-n mid .liur'i). fVil u..t - uin!rnold by aiili."s- Neb jVvtnne. Opposite CIotLer House. you; fau livi- at lioinr. ami umkf more inouey at work for ua. than at any thing else in the world. Capital not lieedrd: Mill arc l.Mrt.) f,.. ((,!'. pese: an iikt. .Mijnnct-an tlo tlie work. I-.trt.t-wiriiini.'K sure from firxt start. Curtly outht and teniiH fn-.-. B-ltrr not ilrlaj f.st jou nothing to send lit. your adilre-H ami uiai out; if jou ar wiw jou will do s at .inc.-. II. H illicit A t o.. Portland. Maine il.v'J-V.v WBPAPIR A book of too paxes. n Drat ooou: (or an advertiser to con sult, be he experi enced or otherwise. lewsoa tiers and estimates of the cost of advertising. The advert Iserwho wants to spend one dollar, nnds in it the In formation he requires, while forhim who will invest one humlred thousand dollars In ad vertialng, a scheme is Indicated which will meet hi every reqtUresseiit, or cam bt suufc to dotobf slight rirnijjissasrts mrrntdat bycor rtspondenee. le edttteas hare been Issued, Beat post-paid. s say, address lor 10 cent. Write tsUCO. K OWXLL A CO., KKwaffninBi AVtmwsa SUBEAU. jr yaDYEBTOlNg ItcoiitHinalistsot : (SBOassaq.), NewYorfcv, '-ff:-: S'.i