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FARM TOPICS.
Excelleat Suggestion as to the Care or
Iforst The Ue or Burnt CUy ror
Surfacing Road.
Feeding Cattle for Show The Fallacy or
Figure Waste of Wool Greae
Froflts or Farming.
COMFORT FOR WOBKJXG HORSES.
In a receut lecture before the Penn
sylvania state board of agriculture. Dr.
Harvev, among other good things, said
the following in regard to the above
named topic: The horse should be made
comfortable at his work. His harness
should fit without galling. His bridle
stiould be long enough to bring the bit
down to the angle of his lips not so
short as to draw them up an inch or
two above their natural position, as is
so frequently the case. The blinds
should not touch his eyes, nor his eye
lids, either. His head should not be
reined uncomfortably high. On a long
journey, or in pulling a heavy load, he
should not be reined" up at all. He is
surer-footed when his head is free,
and, if h:e should stumble, he recovers
better if he can throw his head down,
and therebv relieve his forelegs of a
part of the weight of his body until they
get in place again. It is the same prin
ciple as is applied when men jump and
throw a stone backward from each
hand at the same time. If a horse's
neck is tired by tight reining, he is a
tired horse, and he has been tired with
out having accomplished anything to
show for it. We have all felt what it is
to be tired ali over bv the torture of
light shoe?, and the relief that comes to
the whole body with a pair of slippers.
He should always have a free head when
.traveling in the night He needs then
the free use of all his faculties. Do not
understand mc as meaning that the
check-rein should never be used at all.
It has several uses. A horse can be'
more easilv managed, if he is disposed
to be a little too lively, by checking his
head up. Horses na'turally carry their
heads up when excited, and reining
them up iuto that position excites them.
A dull horse may for a short time be
made much more lively by checking his
head up a iittle while he is going. This
effect will not continue long, but for a
short drive about a town with a light
weight behind him there is not much
objection to it if the horse is fresh.
When a horse is checked up while go
ing he should be unchecked while stand
ing, that he may rest. The check-rein
should be easily shortened and length
ened, so that his neck may be relieved
without giving him entire control of his
head while standing, for he might rub
his bridle oil" or got his foot over the
lines it he should put his head low
down.
BURST C1.AY FOR SURFACING ROADS.
It is not generally known that crude
clay the purer the clay the better
when burned forms an excellent mater
ial for nit'taling or surfacing roads
where broken stone may not be had.
Yet such is the fact. It lias long been
soused in England. In the west this
material is coming into rather extensive
use for metaling railway beds. The
Chicago. Burlington & Quincy, Hanni
bal & St- Joseph, Chicago, SL Paul,
Minneapolis & Omaha, and the Union
Pacilic railways arc using burned clay
successfully on such portions of these
roads where better material may not
be had. It is not m good as stone or
gravel, but is the next best medium.
Koatl overseers may make a note of
this, and it would be well to experi
ment therewith in all that portion of
the prairie region w here clay and coal
are cheap and atone scarce.
It may be prepared for about 80 cents
per cubic yard, and the success this
metaling has met for many j-ears in
Great Britain places it entirely beyond
experiment. Burned, it is entirely free
from any tendency to become sticky
and pasty under travel, and upon the
recurrence of dry weather the surface of
the road is said again to become firm.
The manner of preparing clay for use is
described in the Latlroad Gazette as fol
lows: To prepare the ballast, the soil is
stripped for a length of 300 to 1.000 feet
whatever length of train for loading
is desired and a lire started with
kindling. On this a mixture of slack
and pea coal is sprinkled, then a thin
layer of clay two to three inches thick,
then another good sprinkling of coal,
then more clay, and so on indefinitely,
in the proportion of about one ton of
coal to eight cubic 3'ards of ballast.
When fully burned the pile is about
eight feet high and twenty to thirty feet
wide, and from four to live months are
consumed in burning it, a small gang of
men being on hand constantly to feed
the pile. One gang will ordiuarilv burn
from 24.000 to 25,000 cubic yards at
once, and its cost at the cars in the pits
is about 80 cents per cubic yard. After
the first rain the ballast "is not dusty
and it does not crumble.
FEEDING FOR BEEF OR SHOW.
Many persons, even those who are ac
customed to the show-ring, suppose
there is but one object in feeding cattle,
whether for the show-ring or for beef.
Nothing could be more fallacious. Stall
feeding is not the best manner of feed
ing for the show-ring. Neither is obese
fatness the condition which brings the
most money at the stalls of our best
class of butchers. The animal which
carries the least fat compatible with
fullness of muscle, well grained with
fat, brings the most money from the
consumer. The fat of an animal is' the
least edible part, and since tallow is no
longer used for lighting, it is the cheap
est part of the beef.
The thiug to be worked for, wiiether
the animal is intended for the show
ring or for the butcher, is the proper
building up of the muscular frame. If
it be a heifer or young bull it becomes
especially necessary that the muscle be
fully developed, and more severe exer
cise is necessary than where beef only
is the ultimate object This can only
be obtained through outdoor exercise.
" Breeding animals must have both sun
light and fresh air, as well as exercise,
and full exercise should be continued
during the whole breeding period.
Hence only that condition of bloom as
the condition of the hair is called will
be permissible as may be accomplish
ed, with full untrammeled exercise.
With the best muscular development the
most blooming coat may be produced.
Cattle will really take a more glossy
coat than the horse, all things leing
equal. Yet how many judges m mak
ing awards regard high bloom of the
coat more than the real muscular devel
opment of the animal.
THE FALLACV OF FIGURES.
It is easy to figure out that not one
farm product is grown with profit; one
may prove by lying statistics that it is a
losing business to live at all, and that
no economical man can afford to rear
a family. When the interest on the
cost of the farm, the time of the farmer,
the value of the manure, the taxes on
the house and on the woodland, and
everything else are all charged to the
crops, the farmer ought to be Bankrupt;
nevertheless he finds a little money
always in his pockets. There is a story
of a mathematical captain who defeat
ed armies and gained victories by com
Sutation, and farmers are ruined nowa
ays by crazy arithmetic, for every crop
grown is shown to be raised at a loss.
And yet we live along and no honest
farmer gets acquainted with the sheriff
or ends his days in the poor house..
Figuring is often fallacious. A neigh
bor said to me, "1 can't raise wheat at
a profit; I must buy my flour." The
wife said, "It doesn't pay to make our
bread, we must get it from the baker."
Four pounds of bread costs 10 cents.
Om half. of itis water. The bread thus
costs 5 cents a pound. At this rate a
barrel of floor or five bushels of wheat
equals 810; $50 a year is spent for bread;
50 worth of bread could be made, and
$50 would be in pocket every year.
This is a computation the other way,
and is just and right, with no fallacy,
and only hard facts about it. The same
sort of computation proves to me that I
can grow corn for 15 cents a bushel
But I doubt if doleful Dr. Loring could
grow it for $1.50. He is. therefore, not
a sound adviser for New England farm
ers. Triticum in Sew York Tribune.
WASTE OF WOOL GREASE.
At the Tanners' Convention in Bos
ton recently the subject of the large
amount yearly paid in England and
France for what is known as degras
grease, imported for tanners' use, was
under discussion. It was stated that
the rivers of the Nexv England and
Middle States were being annually nol
luted with 40.000,000 pounds of wool
grease similar to that from which
degras is obtained. In Europe wool is
scoured by the use of alkali, aud the
European degras is treated aud recover
ed by labor so cheap that we cannot
successfully compete. In view of the
fact that protests are already being
made against the fouling of streams by
this waste, and that it will become
more and more pronounced year by
year, it was advised that some cheap
means be sought for recovering this
absolutely non-drying grease. It was
suggested that it be utilized here, as in
Europe, for making soap. It was also
suggested that the wool be treated with .
naphtha, from which the grease could
be recovered and purified. In view of
the fact that this 40.000,000 pounds of
wool grease would be worth from three
tolivecents per pound when purified,
the matter is well worth considering.
PROFITS OF FARMING.
From a table showing the compara
tive prices of various commodities
seventy years ago, as compared with
present prices, we take the following
lisures:
I8ie. lste.
Wheat, per bushel $ .4 $ .1W
Oats, per bustle! 1" -1
Com, jier bushel 20 .40
Harley, per bushel 25 .&)
Butler, per p-un'l I- .'G
Cheese, per pound 03 .10
Ejjrs. per dozi'ii 05 .12
Cows, per bead 150.1 50.00
Hay, per Ion 5.00 17.00
Straw, per ton -J.O0 15.00
heep, per nen'i . z.iw
Farm labor, per luomb 8 00 1S..V)
Steel, per pound .12
Nails, per pound 12 .01
Broadcloth, per yaid 1G0U 4O0
Wool blanket? 1500 TOO
Cotton cloth, per yard SO 12
Calico, per yard. 25 tit;
Salt, per bushel $1.00 to $4.03 l.,c to .2.-.
Farmers who are complaining of
hard times" can see how the case stood
with their grandfathers. Burlington
Free. Press.
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FARM NOTES.
A good grooming is as refreshing to
a horse as a bath is to a man.
Turnips are a native food for sheep.
Farmers in England feed scarcely any
thing else.
Without system in farming there can
be no success. Business methods are as
important as technical knowledge.
Sulphur and old tobacco leaves burn
ed in the poultry house, the house being
closed perfectly tight, will clean out the
red lice.
Make friends of your horses. They
will enjoy your sociability as well as you
will. Sensible horses like to be talked
to by sensible men.
Be careful in feeding new corn. The
old, well-dried corn should be fed first,
so as to gin; the new corn as much time
as possible for drying.
A mixture of several kinds of grain for
feeding stock is always better than one
kind alone. Variety in grain is as im
portant as variety in bulky food.
It is useless to hope to destroy the
acidity of certain soils by the applica
tion of linic and other supposed correc
tives. Only drainage will accomplish
it
The theory that fowls and turkeys in
jure the grain by roaming through it is
not true, while the slugs they kill and
their droppings made soluble by the rain
increase the crop.
A man who nas tried putting tarred
paper around young trees to prevent
mice aud rabbits from gnawing the
bark says it will kill more trees than
the animals will.
Capitalists are -purchasing large tracts
of hardwood and hemlock land in
Northern Wisconsin, in view of the in
creasing demand for hard woods for
manufacturing purposes.
Where wire-fencing is not easily ob
tained the poultry yards may be fenced
witii laths, which will last two seasons.
Laths make a cheap feuce, but the wire
netting is more durable.
In storing potatoes the first considera
tion is to keep them in perfect darkness;
the next that the bins should not be too
deep, nor over three feet, else it pro
duces warmth and causes them to sprout
Bee-keeping is a profitable industry
to those who are adapted to and thor
oughly understand- the business. A
voting man in Illinois sold 10,400
pounds of honey from 135 colonies of
bees.
Fifteen years ago, says a Western con
temporary, the ranges of Kansas and
Colorado'were covered with countless
numbers of buffalo. It is said there are
not more than 2.000 buffaloes now in
existence.
There is no farm interest that tends
more surely to profit than sheep on
lands suited to grazing, especially where
weeds or bushes interfere with success
ful cultivation, or on lands too rough
to till easily.
Signs and Seasons says: All things
make friends with a stoue house the
mosses and lichens, and vines and
birds. It is kindred to the earth and
the elements, and makes itself at home
in any situation.
There is no better plan for freeing
rooms and cellars of mildew than to
burn sulphur in them. The rooms
should be effectually closed, and not
opened for one hour after being filled
with the sulphur fumes.
The best bed for pigs is one made of
leaves. Fine litter of any kind is al
ways preferred by them to that which
is coarse, aud the cheapest and most
convenient is leaves, which require no
preparation for that purpose.
Clean out wells during dry seasons.
No matter-how well covered they may
be, the chances are that toads will be
found in them. It is important to have
such work done every jear if a supply,
of pure, dean water is desired.
Milking should be done and milk
should be kept only whero the surround
ing air is pure and free from all objec
tionable and tainting odors. Milking
in a foul-smelling stable or yard effects
the fluid and imparts an injurious taint
In selecting a sow for breeding,
choose one that is quiet and mild in dis
position. She may be the one that will
lay on fat most easily, and it will, there
fore, be necessary to feed sparingly, but
she will be all the better as a breeder
for this.
Keep a good lookout for rats and cats.
Remove all piles of rubbish from near
where the chickens run. Rats will not
stay where there is no place for them to
run into and hide. Keep young chicks
as far as possible from buildings, and
the rats will not trouble them.
Sulphide of potash has been tried for
mildew on roses, chrysanthemums, and
other green house plants with success.
A quarter of an ounce in a gallon of
water, thrown on the affected foliage
with a fine-nosed syringe, is said to de
stroy the fungus without injury to the
plants.
The manure and liauid dimming
from stock that have been mixed and 1
absorbed with sawdust may be applied
with advantage upon clay soils, which
it lightens and relieves of that sticky,
tenacious quality which prevents such
soils from absorbing manure as gener
ally applied.
A neutral tint in farm buildings is
preferable to positive colors, as white,
red, or bright yellow. White is espe
cially objectionable. It is too glaring,
and "not in harmonv with trees and
surrounding natural colors. A quiet I
drab or gray matches best with the sur
roundings of buildings.
The cultivation of tobacco in Ger
many has of late been decreasing, chief
ly owing to the bad system of taxation,
which sadly fetters the action of the
tobacco-planters. The number of the
latter has decreased in the last year by
more than 12.000. The total production
in 1885 was 18,000.000 pounds, which is
less than the vield in 1884. The value
this vear is 29.000.000 marks, against
34.000,000-in 1884, although the price
has risen.
The New England Farmer deplores
the decadence "of agriculture there in
these sentences: Our farmhouses are
falling into decay, our cultivated fields
are abandoned, our pastures are grow
ing up in thickets. Farms can be
bought for less than the cost of their
stone walis. All over our breezy hills,
from Martha's Vineyard to Berkshire,
our vigorous, intelligent Yankee yeo
manry are melting away like winter
snowdrifts."
For exterminating scale insects (orange-tree
lice), which infest their fruit
trees, California orchardists have had
success with a wash compound of soap,
sulphur, and water, the proportions be
ing one pound of soap to two gallons of
water, with as much sulphur as can be
dissolved in this mixture whiie boiling;
one pound of concentrated lye or potash
111:13' l)e added to eight or ten gallons of
the mixture; apply to the tree as hot as
convenient
It is said that raw bone has been
proved by analysis to contain every
part of an egg white, yoke, and, of
course, shell. It should be constantly
kept in a special place in the pen or
apartment of laying hens, as they will
consume large quantities of it, and it.
goes chiefly to egg uroduction. Granu
lated is the best form in which to place
it before adult fowls, and in this shape
it keeps fresh longer than when ground
into meal. Bone isoue ot the principal
ingredients in the composition of most
of the "egg foods" in the market
An interesting experiment showing
the influence of electricity on the growth
of roots has dccu made in Germany by
Professor Holdelieiss. Plates of copper
were thrust upright into the earth and
connected by wires with similarly placed
zinc plates about one hundred feet dis
tant, an electric battery being thus
formed, with the earth between the cop
per and zinc in the circuit. Both pota
toes and beets planted between such
plates gave an increased yield beets
15 per cent potatoes 25 per cent as
compared with the other parts of the
same field.
GROWING OLD.
One aspect of the beauty of old age,
days an English writer, is intensely
striking and deeply interesting to the
mind' of the thoughtful observer. What
a likeness there is to each other in those
persons who have passed a goodly num
ber of years together in continual and
friendly companionship. Take the case
of husband and wife as, perhaps, the
most significant instance of this. They
have fought shoulder to shoulder the
battle of life together; hand in hand
and heart to heart the have made com
mon cause of the sorrows and joys of
life. They have lived as
Two souls w ith but one single thought.
Two beart9 that bent as one.
As the Scripture phrases it, they have
grown aged together. The result of
such sympathetic companionship is
very apparent, indeed, for they are very
often found to have become most sin
gularly alike in the pitch and tone of
their voices, in their ways of thinking
and acting, and not seldom even in per
sonal appearance. Having passed to
gether through what Washington Irv
ing called the 'iiery trials of this
world," they have come forth as the
same purified gold. Like two pebbles
in the brook, or on the beach by the
sea. exposed to the same influences, they
have become the second self of each
other, and have been shaped into the
same image.
Uuder such trying and developing
circumstances it is not much a matter
of wonder that the age should have
grown beautiful, or that in companion
ship they Bhould have grown beautiful
ogether. The natural wonder would
be if it were otherwise, after what
Moore termed
That happy minglement of hearts,
in which the affection of the one an
swers to the love of the other, and when
the consequent action and reaction has
done its work. Indeed, when the two
lives Have gone on together harmouious-1-
for three-fourths of a lifetime it is to
be expected that the result of the inter
course should be a verification of the
affirmation of the son of Sirucb, that,
as the clear light is upon the holy
candlestick, so is the beauty of the face
in ripe age;" and that there should also
be, as Wordsworth put the thought in
his "Lines to a young lady"
An old age serene and bright.
And lovely as a Lapland night.
Of course, the truth of this conten
tion, that old age is naturally beautiful,
is not universally acknowledged. Mine,
de Stael, for instance, who was called
by the poet Heine, "sultana of minds"
and "a whirlwind in petticoats," once
said, in an apparently rueful way. "It
is difficult to grow old gracefully."
Doubtless there is some truth in the
statement, but it is only accurate to say
so when there are no inward graces of
the heart and mind. Inward poverty
makes outward meanness; and old age
is then like an unsheltered tree, stripped
of its leaves, and even of its branches,
and left to tall before the pitiless blasts
of life's wintry wind. If there are,
however, the true inward graces in pos
session, old age is even more compla
cent and luxurious than youth, and the
growing years give an aspect of ever in
creasing and glowing handsomeness.
The years sit with harmonious becom
ingncss upon the face, and the counte
nance keeps loving company with that
glory of man or woman the silvery
locks.
But, Mine, de Stael nothwithstand
. ing, there are many persons who have
attained to a good old age with grace
fulness; who have attained to what Dr.
Johnson exquisitely describes as
An ft?e that melts in unperceived decay.
And glides In modest Innocence away.
And when the inevitable end draws
near for them, with tranquil enjoyment
in the heart with maturity of knowl
edge in the mind, and with a peaceful
onward-looking of the soul, they fall
into the loving arms of the future.
Like mellow fruit without a winter storm.
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How Gold is Shipped.
Each keg contains $50,000 in clear
gold. It is from the Bank of America
that most of the gold is shipped. The
shipments of gold are not generally on
the bank's account At a first glance
persons might well suppose that when
the demand arises for gold to send
abroad the shipper would only have to
send in his order for his hundreds of
thousands to the sub-treasury, where
millions of specie are on deposit But
there are sufficient reasons why thi
plan will not work- The sub-treasury
can pay out its coin only to creditors of
the government With the Bank of
America the associated banks keep on
deposit constantly an enormous sum of
gold, sometimes amounting to $40,000,-
UUO. 0 tne members or tue nans As
sociation the Bank of America issues its
own certificates against these deposits,
redeemable on demand. So. when
there is occasion for making a gold
shipment, the coin is prepared for that
purpose in the rear office of the bank.
There it is bagged and kegged and
made ready for shipment
Kegs in which gold is packed
"specie kegs," as they are called are
made of extra hard wood. They must
have an extra hoop. Specie is not
thrown loosely into a keg. nor, upon
the other hand, is it carefully wrapped
in tissue paper aud piled up one coin
upon another. The keg serves only as
a protection for canvas bags, into
which the gold is placed in the ordinary
hit-and-miss fashion of pennies in a
man's pocket Iuto each bag go $5,000,
and ten bags fill a keg.
In the interests ot security each keg
is treated to what is technically known
among the shippers as the "red-taping"
process. At each end of ilie keg, in the
projecting rim. of the staves about the
head, arc bored four holes at equi-dis-taut
intervals. A piece of red tape is
run through these holes, crossing on the
bead of the keg, and the ends finally
meet in the center. At the point of
meeting the tape is sealed to the keg's
head by wax bearing the stamp of the
shipper.
The average rate of insurance is
about $2,000 bu a shipment of $1,000.
000. There are shipper who do not in
sure. Having to ship $1,000,000 ihey
will give it in equal parts to half a
dozen'diO'erent vessels. It is a strict
rule with some linns never to trust more
than $250,000 at a time on any one
ship. A certain party furnishes all the
kegs for gold and packs litem. The
man who does this is a monopolist in
his way. Shippers of large amounts
always iose a few dollars by abrasion,
but not exceeding sixteen ounces on a
million-dollar shipment. The only pro
tection to be found agaiust abrasion lies
in the shipment of gold in bars instead
of coin. Gold bars are not readily ob
tained. Boston Bulletin.
Justice Field, of the supreme court,
doubts the accuracy of the cxistiug por
traits of Washington. He say' that
Houdm's plaster cast of Washington's
face, now in the possession of V. W.
Story, bears but slight re&embiaucrt to
"the traditional leatures of Washingtuu
as seen in the histories and libraries of
our public schools."
-
Trained dogs- u ere employed to convey
messages along the outposts at the Ger
man military maneiirvcs last fall. The
dogs al.-o did duty with the sentinels
and were so prompt in giving alarms
that theii use is to be extended.
A Few Freight FlgareM.
Up at Wahoo, where the U. P. and
B. & M. operate together, a rate of
freight from Omaha, 53 miles, is 26
cents for first-class and 19 for fourth
Coal sells for $7. Chicago rate oh
corn is 30 cents.
At David. City, 111 miles fr.'in
Omaha, coal sells for $7. Rite o
freight is 40 and 25 cents trm
Omaha. It coats 33 cents to ship cons
to Chicago.
At Ulysses, a few miles bolo v
David City, whero there is no op
position, coal was eelliug at $7.50 per
ton. The Omaha rate was raised to
40 and 30cent9 per cwt. And iu or
der to draw corn from David City,
the Chicago rate was only 31 cents
At Central City, 93 miles trmn
Omaha, whero the B. & M. and U. P.
are' supposed to compete, coal costs
$7 per ton, and the rate is 54 aud 40
cants from Omaha. At York, a dis
tance of abont 25 miles, all the rales
are the same.
North Bend is on the U P. 01
miles from Omaha. Hock Springs
coal sells at $7, while she rate of
freight Irom Omuha is 31 1 id 25 cents
per 100 pounds.
Schuyler the next town, is 71 miles
from Oinalm. Coal sells at the same
price, but tho freight rate in those
thirteen mile's is increased 0 cents on
first class and 5 cents on fourth, link
ing a tlillercuco of $15 per ear for
those 15 miles. Tho rate on corn to
Chicago is 32 cents, to Omaha 14
cents.
Clarka Station, 121 miles from
Omaha, or 50 miles trom Schuyler,
coal sells at the frame price, bat the
(reight is raised 10 cents per hundre 1
being 50 aud 35 routs. The corn rato
to Chicago is raised 4 cent?, notwith
standing that from Clark to Chicago
is a "longer haul" than from Schuy
ler! Gibbon is the next- Uuion Pacifi.-.
town where I made investigation
This is 183 miles from Ouihha-ti2 mil. s
further than Clarks. Coal pells at
the samp old pri ce $7 per ton but I
found that freight rates were a little
more than "holdiug their own." In
theBO sixty-two miles the rate is 20
sents more per hundred, being 70 and
47 cents.
Plum Creek. 231 miles from Omaha.
Here coal eells at 7. Rate from
Omaha, 79 and 57 cents. Corn rate
to Chicago, 45 cent's, and to Omaha,
20 cent s.
At North P.atte,291 miles from Oraa
ba and that much nearer tho mine,
coal was selling at $7. The rate from
Omaha on freight was 86 and C5 cfs
It is seen by this that a carlord ot
dry goods weighing fifteen tons, from
Omaha to North Ptatte, would cost
the modest sum of $258. It would bt
unjust to say that there was any ex
tortion in this, but the conclusion n
at once drawn that the Union Pacfic
folks are doing a safe business..
At Colurabu?, another Union Pa
cific and B. & M. point, coal is selling
at $7. The B. & M. was celling
Canon City coal at the same as the
Union Pacific sold Roc Springs.
This was lively competition.
I was shown a ghastly freight bill
on fifteen tons of hard coal from
Omaha to Columbus, 92 miles $45.
The freight rate on merchandise
from Omaha was 41 and 30 cents.
Corn to Chicago 33 conts to Omaha
16 cents. Omaha Bee.
It is stated to be a fact that scarlet
fever can be communicated by air
tainted with the poison and is the
usual medium of transmission, and
may be carried by clothing, letters,
bedding, toys, animale,.etc. It may
be communicated by polluted water,
and by healthy persons who have re
cently been in contact with scarlet
fever patients. The disease was, a
long time ago, introduced into this
country from Europe. In England
ecarlet lever is responsible for about
22,000 deaths annually among the
young.
There are four propositions that
must stand in the face of all contro
versy :
1. That all money, of whatever
composed, gold, silver, iron or paper,
is made and unmade by law.
2. That money, o! whatsoever
made, is always uatijo'il, uever in
ternational, except by agreements of
nations.
3. That the 111 ney of one nation
is never the money of another nation,
though composed of the S:iiuu ui uerittl
4. 1'ha.t nation-) do ni piv debts
to each other in money but iu rom
m ties. It c in be ii?d in pay
in -nt, it is received nit as tn-uigv but
as tnrtal. It is accepted by weight
an 1 not by count
Tho truth of the-jft propositions
settles the question of what consti
tutes money. The history of the
world upon money prove th o truh
of these statements. Journal of
United Labor.
Thk best antidote 'or aaircbv is
the savings l-itik aod she building
association. When a man ma'cps
deposit in the savings bsk, .e givs
a pledge to sociil order. When he
own-, or puis him?elf in the viay ot
owing, the roof over his own head,
he enlists bis sympathies as wpP. as
his interests against the doctrine o
arson and pillage. Sioux City J our
nut.
J. N. Smith, Simon Kelly and N.
Stone, three prominent business men
of Hastings, were arrested the other
afternoou charged by Dell Snyder
with having robbed him of consider
able money in a game of poker.
A week ago Snyder bad a thousand
dollars, none ot which remained at
the time of makiug complaint.
The rain who Epuds a dolf-ir is a
better man th-in he who hoard oue.
And the true-t philanthropist is the
employer of labor tor fair lK-urs and
at fair wages. The m.iiiut"rtcturor is a
greater benefieioi-li it iha mm wh
builds alms hsuses or eudowa asy
lums; he helpi the p ir to cre for
themselves a-H tor each other. T:ii
has a local application. Ex
A man by the name of Vosberg
committed suicide the other morning
at Hastings by shooting himself
twice with a pistol. One of the bul
let? entered tho abdomen and the
other the cen r of hi tort-bead. He
was abrnt thirty years old. Some
money whs found iu his pocket?.
He was not a tramp. The cause
whiih lead to the act is unknown.
C. F. Wai.kkk, living near Codur
13 1 till. Neb., was phut tit, bound, aud
robbed 01 $800 at hits own houeo
about two miles northeast of the
Blnfl, about dusk Saturday evening,
by two men supposed to be tramps.
They went north, it ia believed, to
take the Grand Island train on the
Union Pacific road. Walker has
offered $100 reward for the capture.
Newton "Watt, who acted as
baggageman on the night of the 10b
bery and murder of Kellogg Nichols,
the U. S. express messenger on tho
Rock Island, has been arrested at
Morris, 111. It ia believed that be
was not only engaged in the robbery
but that he murdered Nichols.
The poisoned prunes eaten by the
Doggetto family and which did
such deidly work with som? of
its members, is being investigated by
Dr. Clark of Sutton, Neb. He thinks
the pits of the fruit indicate tho
presence of prosaic acid. The sur
viving members of the family are
slowly recovering.
A i.itti.k more money is wanted
from the working men. The Mc
Glynn committee met the other
night in New York and decided to
isHue an address to the working men
of the United States and Canada to
favor McGIynn and his land theories,
and subscribe to the McGIynn fund.
A itEroKT comes from Berlin that
Russia's attempt to seen re the Ger
man support to her Bulgarian policy
having failed, it is learned that, as a
last resort she has offered to observe
a complete neutrality in case of a con
flict between France and Germany.
Eewakd Cooper, a stock dealer of
Weeping Water, is reported to have
skipped the country for parts un
known. He ia short about $10,000.
It is probable his destination is
Canada.
Parity Year Blood.
If your tongue is coated.
If your skin is yellow or dry.
If you have boils.
If you have fever.
If you are thin or nervous.
If you are bilious.
If you are constipated.
If your bone6 ache,
jfalf your head achea.
If you have no appetite.
If you have no ambition, one
bottle of Beggs' Blood Purifier and
Blood Maker will relieve any and
all of the above complaints. Sold
and warranted by Dr. A. Heintz.
One hundred and nine persona at
Kearney have recently joined the M.
E. church.
Brace Up.
You are feeling depressed, your
appetite is poor, you are bothered
with Headache, you are fidgety,
nervous, and generally out of sorts,
and want to brace np. Brace up,
but not with stimulants, spring
medicines, or bitters, which have for
their basis very cheap, bad whteky,
aud which stimulate you for an hour,
and then leave you in worse condi
tion than before. What you want is
an alternative that will purify your
blood, start healthy action of Liver
md Kidneys, restore your vitality,
dtid give renewed health and
strength. Such a medicine you can
find in Electric Bitters, and only 50
cents a bottle at Dowty &.Heitkmp.
er's drag store. ,
,T.NU V Hrjtotnt '" i'l'Tn'ri'V
nu$ !-r Nebr.i-k-' h IS'J 3'l 15
Tho tlMlie-t !.! i Clwm-
A- well as the hand-nit-'. arrt others
or" .ited to call 011 Ir A. Heintz and
j: I fret n trial Lottie of KempS llalsam
fir the Throat nd Liwirs, a remedy that
N i-rilinx tntirely upou its merits and Is
pi .r?iitced to cure and reliee all
Chronic and Acute Coush, Asthma,
Kionebitis and Consumption. Prieo r.O
cents and $1. Dec22-ao
T;:k !iwu of Culbertson is organ
izing a fire company.
What woald the World De
without woman? asks the essayist
who Marts out to say something new
on this oft-treated subject. Or course,
the human element ot the world
would not exist witout women, so
the question is gratuitous. It wou'.d
have been Mr more sensible to aak :
What would the world do without
the salvation of woman, without a
panacea for her physical ills aud cure
for her peculiar dieaeei In a won1,
what would the world do without
Dr Pin re's "Favorite P'erripiion"
the great remedy tor female weak
nesses? It i indi-pensab'n far the
i!la ot woman kind.
Within a radius of eight miles if
Schuyler, over one hundred men are
employed iu the hay business.
Seme Feollnlt People
Allow a cough to run until it gets boy 0 nil
the reach of medicine. They often say.
Oh, it will wear away, but in most case9
it wears tbem away. Could they be in
duced to try the successful medicine
called Kemp's Balsam, which we sell on
a positive guarantee to cure, they would
iinmedinttfly gee the excellvut effect after
taking the first dose. Price 60c and $1.00.
Trial size free. Dr. A. Heintz.
A terrible storm p-tacd over
Hampton Township, near Pittsburg,
Pa., the other afternoou. destroying
a great deal of property. Three
barns in its track were blown down.
Houses were uuron'ed, and the roof
of St. Mr ' church was blown off.
Fencea and telegraph wire? were
prostrated and some stock injured.
Molt Rheum or Eczema,
Old res aud ulcers,
Scaldht-ad and rrngworm,
Pain in the back and opine,
Swt'liiug ol the k 11 pi joints.
Sprains and bruises,
Neuralgia and toothache,
Tender feet oaueed by bunions,
corns r.i:d chilblains, we warrant
Begga' Tropical Oil to relieve any
and all of the above. Dr. A. Ih-infz.
A new cable railway is proposed
tor Omaha by outside capitalist.
r Itch, Prairie Mange, and Scratches
of every kind cured in 30 minutes by
Woolfbrd's Sanitary Lotion. Use no
other. This never fails. Sold by
0. B. Stillmao, druggist Columbus.
THElSlh of September ia fixed for
the commencement of the Htato fair.
Dea't Experiaaeat.
You cannot afford . to waste time
experimenting when your lungs are
in danger. Consumption always
seems, at first, only a cold. Do not
let any dealer impose upon you with
some cheap imitation of Dr. King's
New Discovery for Consumption,
Coughs and Colds, but be sure you
get the genuine. Because he can
make more profit he may tell you
he has something just as good, or
just the same. Don't be deceived,
but insist on getting Dr. King's New
Discovery, which is guaranteed to
give relief in all Throat, Lung and
Chest affections. Trial bottle free at
Dowty & Heitkemper's drug store.
Eight flouring mills are in opera
tion Holt county this state.
D. W. Morris, wholesale and retail
druggist, 139 Commercial St., Em
poria, Kan., Jan. 10, 18S7. To Cham
berlain & Co., Des Moines, Iowa:
Gentlemen In sending to you the
enclosed order for a gross of your
Cough Remedy, allow me to say that
without any exception it is the best
selling goods now in the market. I
have sold a great amount of it during
the past year to the citizens of this
place, and have the first complaint
to hear. It la the best article to use
for croup I ever sold, being pleasant
to take, which ia an important fea
ture where children have to take
medicine. Sold by Dowty & Heit
kemper. The earnings of the Union Pacific
the past year were $26,603,707, ex
penses $16,553,309; surplus, $10,050,-
688; taxes, $1,055,510; net earnings,
$8,995,178.
Do Yoa Hievr
that Beggs' Cherry Cough Syrup
will relieve that cough t almost
instantly and make expectora
tion easy? Acts simultaneously on
the bowels, kidneys and liver, there
by relieving the lungs of that sore
ness and pain and also stopping that
tickling sensation in the throat by
removing the cause. One trial of it
will convince any one that it has no
equal on earth for coughs and colds.
Dr. A. Heintz has secured the sale of
it and will guarantee every bottle to
give satisfaction. 3feb23
Thk Secretary of War in a letter to
Congress states that the total militia
of the country, available for military
service, ia 7,655,592.
IflCatsaare,
sick-headache, depression of spirits,
and waat of ambition are symptoms
of diseased liven The lungs, stomach,
and bowls are ail in sympathy. Life
ia only a living death. Dr. Pierce's
"Golden Medical Discovery" acts up
on the torpid liver, and effectually
removes all these difficulties and dis
orders. Nervous feelings, gloomy
forebodings, and irritability of tem
per all disappear.
FREMONT NORMAL BGHOOL
AND-
BUSiKESS OQLLEE,
Thi institution prepare. r.uns. poplf
thcrfurhlv f-r TV i-hin-.'. fr Uuin.-,
Life, for Adini-in ! ! .'. fi.r f.aw
or .Medical SXi.iot-. :' r I'uMw S-.etinjr.
in tntrnnu ntil :nd ot-n! .Mn in
Drawing and Painting. :r.d in Klo.ution.
Shnrt-liiiud and Tvii-,wrii:i-'.
In tin- Ns rinal" Depart rid. tlur. ugh
intriirtin!i i- ',!vei in '! ! ;:!t Ii"- re
quired tor :mv cr:i!i.ite fr-in Third
firade to Mate !roiV5 jr.al.
The Bumupss our-i im-Mide Pen
manship. Commercial l'orre;-ponttonci
Commercial Law and l!ook-ko-)in:r, with
the best method of keeping Farm, Fac
tory, Hanking and ilercanti'e accounts-.
(Five premium were awarded to thN
department it the recent State Fair )
Kxpens-e. are very low. Tuition.
Rjoni Kent and Talde'lJonrd are placed
at cost, a ue.-irlv a- posil!t-.
First Winter'Term lejns Nov. !, SC;
Second Winter Term, Feb. l.'1.
For particular addre.-- President of
N'o!:MAl.f'OLI.KIiK.
Nov. .1-1 f Freumnt Xel.
TIE LARGEST 111 IHBT ST9CR
west of Oiiiuh'i, Jit
GRSISE1M BROS.
The best manufactories of the country
represented; Not to be under
sold by anybody. Come and
see prices at
.GREISEN BROS.
Thlfl la the most PRACTICAL HIGH-CUT
SHOES ever Invented.
Itla very GENTEEL and DRESS? end gives
the eamo protection as a boot or orer-gatter. IS Is
convenient to put on and the top can bo adjusted to
St any on!do by eimply moving tho buttons.
For ealo by
GREISEN BROS.
1:1th ct.j6-tr
i.,wj
LOUIS SCHRE1BER,
111
All kinds of Repairing done on
Short Notice. Kuggies, Wag
ons, eli'., made to order,
aud all work Guar
anteed. Also sell the world-famous Walter A.
Wood Mowers. Reapers, Combin
ed Machines, Harvesters,
and Self-binders the
best made.
Shop opposite the " Tattersall," on
Olive St.. (JOLUJIBUS. 'Jtf-m
TRASKS
SELECTED -. SHORE
imifiinamdg
USISGUEI
-s-.UAkttP?
F-f.1 lat TUIfff amaia
' aVtVi: . 1TVi
IfhSiAfA
I ft-T2'"msi oP 1
Jg8r$5B
leanest Eating on Earth
ABX yOTJX OXOCZX FOR TEEM.
TRASK'S1
ARK THKORICIMAL ami
ONLY GENUINE!
Take no other Brand
SPAMlR A book: oflOO page.
OraH The best book for an
LRTl81NCault' be ne experl
"' "w.i.iw. or otherwise.
Itcontaina lists of newspapers and estimates
Of the cost of advertising. The advertiser who
wants to spend one dollar, finds in it the in
formation be requires, while forhim who will
Invest one hundred thousand dollars in ad
vertising:, a scheme Is indicated which will
meet his every requirement, or can bematle
todotoby tlightchanaestmQy arritedat bycor
retpondenee. 119 editions have been issued.
Sent, post-paid, to any; address for 10 cents.
Writ to GEO. P. KOWELL CO.,
KEWSPAPER ADVERTISING BUREAU.
UOSpxaoaSUFrlntiss House Sq.). New York.
TOO:
can live at home, and make more
money at work for us, than at
anything else in this world. Cap
ital not needed; you are started free.
Both sexes; all ages. Any one can do
the work. Large earnings sure from
first start. Costly outfit and terms free.
Better not delay. Costs you nothing to
send us your address and find out; if
you are wise you will do so at once. II.
Hallztt & Co., Portland, 31aine.
Dec-22-'S;
RCBOYD,
MANUFACTURER OK
Tin and Sheet-Iron Ware !
Job-Work, Hoofing and Gutter
ing a Specialty.
a"Shop on Olive Street, '2 doors
north of Brodfeuhrer'i Jewelry Store.
32-tl
I avSwHallaanllaEwM
TWCWOBDjH
at Coagrta'B. m MBh
m .amlai '?!! sT
sa922aaaaaaaaaf ! iVSJ
JjjasapamaPI sf uaill
aaAm tau
BlacKsmitn ana WapnlaKer
BEAST!
Mexican
Mustang
Liniment
Sciatica, Scratches. Contracted.
Lumbago, Sprains. MomIm,
Rheumatism, Strains, Eruptions,
Barns, Stitches, Hoof Ail,
Scalds, StiffJoints, Scrtv
Stings, Backache, Worms,
Bites, Galh, Swinney,
Braises. Sores, Saddle Galls.
Bunions, Spavin File.
Corns, Cracks;
THIS GOOD OLD STAND-BY
accomplishes for everybody exactly what Is claimed
forlt. One of the reasons for tho great popularity ot
tho Mustang Liniment I jToundlntts universal
applicability. Everybody needs such a medicine.
The lumberman needs It In case of accident.
The Housewife needs It for generalfamUy uta.
The Cnnaler needs it for h!9 teamtand hU men.
The Mechanic needs it always on his work
bench.
Tho Miner needs it In caeof emergency.
The l'ioucerncedslt can't get along without It.
The Farmer needs it iu his house. hU stabU.
and his stock yard.
The Steamboat man or the Boatman needs
It In liberal supply afloat and ashore.
Tba Horae-fancicr needs It-It Is his bst
friend and safest reliance.
The- Siock-arower needs It-It will ato hfca
thousands of dollars and a world of trouble.
The Railroad man needs It and will need It so
long as his life Is a round of accidents and dangers.
The Backwoodsman needs it. There Is nota
lngllio It a3 an antldoto for tho dangers to life,
limb and comfort which surround the pioneer.
The Merchant needs It about hU store among
his employees. Accidents will happen, and whea
these como the Mustang Liniment la wanted at onca.
Keep a, Bottle lathe Houae. Tlsthe bestot
economy.
Keep a Bottle Is the Facterr. Its Immediate
use In case of accident saves pain and losa of wage.
Keep a Bottle Always la the Stable far
e when wanted.
Cures Guaranteed!
DR. WARN'S SPECIFIC No. 1.
A Certain Cure for Nervous Debility,
Seminal Weakness, Involuntary Emis
sions, Spermatorrhoea, aud all diseases of
the yenito-urinary organs caused hy self
abuse or over indulgence.
Price, $1 M per box, six boxes $.).00.
DR. "WARNS SPECIFIC No. 2.
. For Epileptic Fits, ental Anxiety,
LofS of Memory, hofteningol" the Bruin,
and all tho.e diseases of the brain. PrUe
$1.00 per box, six boxes $.1.00.
DR. "WARN'S SPECIFIC No. 3.
For Impot.--jce, Sterility in either sex,
Lo.-:- ol Power, picir.atureold a-r, and all
tiio.-i dNeue: rt'juiiing u thorough i it
igoralirg of tli- -ccii:tl orsj:ti-. Price
vioft per box. si ImVe f llt.ilil.
DR. "WARE'S SPECIFIC No. 4.
For Headache. Nervou- Neuralgia, and
.ill acute di-fa-es of the nervous system.
Prite ."io per box, six boxet $"J.."0.
DR. "WARN'S SPECIFIC No. 5.
For all disease caused by the over-use
iif'ohaivo or liquor. This remedy is par
ticularly etflcacious in averting palsy and
il-liriiiiii tremens. Price $l.0u pur V,
six boxe.- $."(.00.
We Cttarantee a Cure, or agree to re
fund double the money paid. Certificate
in each box. This guarantee applie to
each of our live Spi'cific. Sent by mall
to uny address, secure from observation,
on receipt of price. He careful to mention
the jiuinb'T of Specific wanted. Our
r-ptciiic.-, ure only recommended for spe
cific di.-c:ics. IJeware of remedies war
ranted to cure all these diseases with one
medicine. To avoid counterfeits and al
tt.jsi secure tne genuine, order only from
DOWTY Sc C-I1J:V"V
I) HUG GISTS,
19-1 Columbus, Neb.
Health is Wealth!
Du li C. "West's Nerve asd Biunr Tbea-?-tlENT,
a guaranteed Bpecitic for Hysteria, Dizzi
ness, Convulsions, Fits. Norvoua- JScuralgia.
Headache, Nervous Prostration caused by thonsa
of alcohol or tobacco. Wakefulness, Mental Do
presaiou. Softening of tho Urain resulting in in
sanity and leading to misery, decay and death.
Premature Old Aro. Harrcnncsa, Losa of power
in either sex. Involuntary Losses andHponnat
orrhcea caused by over-orertion of tho brain, sell
abuseor over-indulgence. Each box contains
ono month's treatmont. $1X0 a box,or six boxei
Ior$5XO,6ontbymail prepaidon receipt of pneo.
WE GUARANTEE SIX BOXES
To euro any case. 'With each order received byna
for 6:x boxes, accompanied with $3X0, wo will
eend tho purchaser oir written guarantee to re
fund the money if the trcatmentdoesDotomtct
cure. G uamntoa issued on ly by
JOHN O. WEST & CO.,
862 W. MADISON ST., CHICAGO, ILLS.,
Solo Prop's West's Liver Pills.
PATENTS
CAVEATS, TKMDE 3IARKSAXD COPYRIGHTS
Oldained, and all other business in the
l S. Patent Office attended to for .MOD
ERATE FEES.
Our office is opposite the V. S. Patent
Office, aud wc can obtain Patents in less
time than thoe remote from WASHING
TON. Send MODEL OP. DRAWING. We
advise a to patentability free of charge:
and we make NO CII AIUJE I'NLESS WE
OBTAIN PATENT.
We reter here to the Postmaster, the
Supt. of 3Ioney Order Div., and to offii
cials of the F.'s. Patent Office. For circular-,
advice, terms and references to
actual client tn your own State or
count v, write to
;. A . JOI O W A CO..
Opposite Patent Office, Washington, D.IT.
2 35
- -or-2
a- s
9q3l
"- '
2 3;
2 3-'
32
S32.-
53
E:mi
a
?s . J
ca3
:iiill5
S?ST
a A.
t;
'i
S.2 5T
'r.
3 ?a
'to be made. Cut this out and
return to us, a nd we will
.-;,um m iree, something: of
" .,, . w "i'ui Lduuu 10 vou, mat
will start you in business which will
bring you in more money riht away
than anything else in this world. Any
one can do the work and live at home
hither sex; all ages. Something new
that jut coins money Tor all workers.
ue will start you; capital not needed,
ihls is one of the genuine, important
chances or a lifetime. Those who are
ambitious and enterprising will not
delay. Grand outfit free. Address
I kdk & Co., Autjusta, Maine. Dec-22-'S;
S50Q REWARD!
IWi'lfl J foritf nMOf UmCompUtsV
tttoteC p FOI1.8S etou. Wm ml by ill drcacbu. BiwwoJ
PIJBWWfJyT-jATESl
"5 33- mm
M0NF.Y
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y
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