WiJpiaritt-rfaL u. -,.1 vj u
THE JOURNAL.
WEDNESDAY, .TAX. 27, 1SS0.
Irtcrci at tec r::i:fi:s, C:laiu, Ket., at t iel
tilt: ai'.t:r.
DIAMOND-CUTTING.
How Tlds Particular WorL is Doit ta
WMtern Metropolis.
A reporter saw yesterday e practical
illustration of the old adage of "dia
mond cut diamond." A jewelry house
on State street, near Washington, pol
ishes and recnta more diamonds than
any other house in the West. The dia
mond mechanic" said yesterday:
"We out few diamonds in the rough;
that is, few in proportion to the number
of old diamonds wc rccut and polish.
Why? Oh, the work is very much more
expensive, and it is cheaper to import
them already polished and pay the duty
on them. The finest workmanship Is
done in Amsterdam. Labor is very
cheap there, and tho polishers are very
ekillful. People talk of 'cutting' dia
monds, but what wc call 'cutting' is the
action of rubbing two diamonds against
each other. Wc put on a pair of puck
skin gloves and take two sticks in the
top of which the diamonds are set in
melted rosin. The two stones are
scratched against each other over a
small box which catches the dust as it
falls. The diamond has a few natural
facets, as we call the triangular divi
sions of the diamond. A perfectly cut
diamond has fifty-eight facets, and we
lay the basis of these by our action in
rubbing the stones togethor over this
box. The dust thus obtained is used for
polishing. But tho quantity would be
entirely inadequate because of the new
stones wo cut. Wo accordingly buy
large quantities of bortz or imperfectly
formcu diamonds those in which the
crystalization has serious defects. This
wc place in a metal churn, the cover of
which allows the piston to move freely,
but which prevents dust from escaping,
and we pound the bortz to powder. Out
of tliis powder, and that obtained by
scraping, we construct a paste by adding-
lorty drops or ouvc oil to eacn carat 01
dust This paste is spread in a circle
around the center of these," and tho
cutter pointed to two iron disks which
were revolving in a horizontal manner
from left to right above his table. "They
arc moved by steam, and mako 3,200
revolutions per minute. Tho next thing
wc do Is this," and the speaker loosened
the diamond from the rosin and pro
ceeded to insert it in a ball, the lower
part of which was brass, but the up
per part lead. Tliis ball he placed over
a gas-jet till tho lead softened. With
a pair of pincers ho inserted the
diamond in- tho lead with the
proper side uppermost, and smoothed
the soft lead about it till all the stone
was securely hidden save the facet he
desired to polish. When the lead had
hardened the ball was inserted in a sort
of arm and fastened to tho polishing
machine in such a manner tint the
stone was held firmly upon the iron
disk. The latter was revolving so fast
that it seemed to bo standing still. Tho
paste he spoke of appeared to
the reporter to be nothing
more than black machine oil.
When touched with the finger it left s
smear such as dirty grease would have
done. Every time a facet is finished the
lead has to be nicked, the stone taken
out anil turned around so that another
angle shows, the lead made to harden
about it again and tho diamond placed
in the polishing-machine once more.
Tliis process is therefore gone through
with fifty-eight times with each diamond.
"The time it. takes to polish a facet de
pends on the hardness of the stone," re
sumed the operator. "Some stones arc
soft and others harder than can be im
agined. Under ordinary circumstances
a polisher with a boy to melt
hi& lead can polish one hun
dred facets a day. Then, again,
he may be days on one facet.
In cutting a diamond from the rough,
from one-quarter to a third of the orig
inal bulk disappears. Sometimes one
little flaw no bigger than a pin-head
has. been known to keep a stone on tho
machine for weeks at a time. One stone
was brought to me with a flaw in it that
took mo three weeks to remove. When
I finished the stone was nearly polished
to nothing but I took the flaw out I
heard of one stone that took four years
of constant polishing in order to per
fect one facet. Every little while wo
have to adjust this 'arm' so that it will
hold the stone nearer the outer edge of
the disk, as the dust keeps moving
toward the rim. About every three
months the disks have to be taken out
and planed over to smooth ont the
scratches. It takes about five years for
an apprentice to become proficiont
enough to Ikj trusted with atones to pol
ish, and to be an adopt at it requires
good judgment, a good eye for distance
and well-balanced ideas of svnmictry.
A sectional view of a diamond is some
thing like this:
r
"The top surface is called the top, and
the line through the center is tho girdle.
The toji is one-half the size of the girdle,
at least the diameter is half the length,
and the distance between the two is two
fifths of the whole distance from top to
bottom. The diameter of the bottom is
one-tenth the diameter of tho girdle. I
always make it one-twentieth that size,
for when it is larger it appears as a
white spot in the stone. The 'rose' dia
mond has only twenty-four facets, and
is generally made of pieces cut from a
larger diamond. In polishing the ordi
nary brilliant the first eighteen facets are
generally easy to cut, but after that
trouble is often encountered." Cliicago
News.
PERUVIAN WOMEN.
A. Correspondent's Observations at tba
Capital of Pcrtx.
The ladies of Lima arc all eyes. They
have the reputation of being, as a class,
the most beautiful in the world, and,
meeting them on the way to mass in the
morning or shopping later in the day,
one can easily see how they obtained it
It is the manta, which they wear in such
a coquettish way that gives them their
reputation for beauty, for it conceals
every feature except their bewitching
eyes and lovely complexion. No matter
how ugly her mouth and nose are; no
matter how high her cheek bones or
large her ears, a manta will make any
woman with pretty eyes look handsome,
and, like charity, it covers a multitude
of 6ins.
On the street the women look like a
procession of nuns, but in their homes
when they are dressed, like the Queen
of Shcba. Indoors she' is bright viva
cious and winning. With more passion
than intellect, with vcrvJittle knowledge
of the world outside of her own orbit she
never reads a newspaper and never
looks at a book..but she is up in art and
operas, plays the piano brilliantly and
with exquisite taste, and talks like a
conversational blizzard. She is affec
tionate, impetuous and strong-willed;
rashes over what she likes andshnd-
lera over what does not please her.
J?ilAk, fraak 4 gmtnwt, to
V
easily betrayed, and the principal object
fa lifts of her mamma is to watch over
her like s hawk. At seventeen or
eighteen she marries often younger
stuL At twenty-five she is'thc mother
of three or four "children, shrunken and
wan, or else inordinately fat. Their
good looks seem to go with youth, and
old maids are unknown.
A Peruvian soldier is usually accom
panied by a woman called a rabona, who
sometimes is his wife. They receive ra
tions like the soldiers, but no pay. They
are faithful and enduring, but degraded
creatures, who follow the army in its
long, weary marches, assisting their
husbands by carrying part of their load,
and about half of them have babies slung
over their shoulders in blankets. When
camp is reached they do the cooking; in
battle thoy nurse the wounded and rob
the dead. Water is very scarce along
the coasts of Peru, where most of tho
marching and fighting is done, and it
is part of tho duty of a rabona to sea
that her husband docs not die of thirst.
Milk is peddled about Lima by women,
who sit astrido of a horse or a mule with
a big can hanging on either side of the
saddle behind them. When they ride un
to a doorway they give a peculiar shrill
scream, which the servant within recog
nizes. The fashionable entertainment in Peru
is bull-baiting. The bull is not killed,
as in Spain and Mexico and other coun
tries, and no horses aro slaughtered in
the ring. The animal is simply teased
and1 tortured to make a Lim.m holiday.
The young men of the city do the bait
ing, and it is regarded as a very high
toned sort of athletic sport, like polo at
Nowport Tho young ladies take darts
made of tin, decorate them with rib
bons, laco and rosettes, and give them
to their lovers to stick into the hide of
the bull. The great thing is to cast
those darts so as to strike the bull in tho
foro shoulders or in the face, and in or
der to do it he who throws them must
stand before the animal's horns. Active
Jrung men do the trick very doxlerous
y, but it takes nerve and agility, and at
times fair scnoritas have seen their
lovers ripped open. Lima Letter.
TWO WAR BALLOONS.
Oaa
to Soar Over an Enemy's Fleet,
the
Other a llaffgago Express.
General Russell Thayer, of Phila
delphia, read a paper before an audi
ence of Generals, Colonels, Majors and
Captains on Governor's Island recently
on "Dirigiblo Balloons for War Pur
poses" "balloons that will steer," he
explained. One of his balloons is de
signed to move about at any required
height, the other to move along tho sur
face of the earth on wires stretched on
poles.
On. the blackboard General Thaye;
pictured a cylinder closed at both ends.
In one end was a valve. Fill the cylin
der with gas, and then let the gaa
escape by the valve, and the cylinder
will travel in the opposite direction,
like a sky rocket By using liquefied
carbonic acid gas General Thayer had
found by experiment that the cylinder
would movo in a vacuum, and if in a
vacuum then still better would it act in
the atmosphere. A specially dovised
carbonic acid engine will bo con
nected with the air-tight cylinder. T
turn the balloon this way or that the ex
haust pipe from the cj-linder may b
swerved on a ball and socket joint.
Anothor form of motor is a powerfiu
blower dragging in air from in front ane
discharging it in the rear.
So much for the motor. For th
buoyant part of the balloon General
Thayer proposes a rigid bag of linen,
silk, and rubber-saturated cotton. By
broad bands this would support a
deck formed of latticed girder. On
the deck four cylinders filled with cither
hydrogen or coal gas would supply
leakage or waste, and also enable the
navigator to ascend or descend without
ballast
As to the size of these balloons for
war purposes, some theorists say they
will yet be made three thousand feet
long! It would be easy to build one
one hundred feet in diameter and three
hundred and sixty-seven feet long,
which would lift a " small locomotive.
Sailing over a hostile fleet, it could drop
dynamite bombs on the decks below.
Tho balloons to move on wires would
have four wheels on tho suspended car
riage grooved to fit on two parallel
wires on tho poles. The buoyant part
of the balloon would carry tho weight
and the wheels would rest lightly on the
wires. An ordinary telegraph wire
would suffice for a balloon which would
carry several men seventy miles an
hour, tho motive power to be a dynamo
on tho deck of tho balloon. Wagons
with the poles and wires could fol
low an advancing army, and on tho bal
loon line men, ammunition and sup
plies could be forwarded to the front
One balloon could follow another like
trains on a railroad. The balloon road
could run over mountains, chasms,
rivers, swamps and high and low
ground.'
General Thayer exhibited a toy bal
loon on this principle. Two wires were
stretched across the lecture-room and a
balloon two feet long was mounted on
them. A dynamo that a mau could
cover with one hand was on the deck.
A battery at one end of the line was
worked by an assistant. The balloon
ran across the room at a signal from
General Thayer. To reverse tho mo
tion the assistant had to walk across tho
room and reverse the dynamo. N. Y.
Sun.
A WHITE MORNING.
Tb Karelins; Influence of a
Beautiful
Mantle of Snow.
At break of dawn, behold! the earth is
transfigured. The bleak hills and
meadows of yesterday have vanished,
lost it would almost seem, beyond recov
ery. Our own possessions seem strange
and unfamiliar to us, and we can scarce
locate the familiar boundaries of the
home lot
We look upon a world tintaowa
Oa BOtfetngre-cB call Oar owa....
'Xo cloud above, bo earth below,
A universe of aky and snow." -
The gentle rain falling from heaven
alike npon the just and the unjust is the
accepted figure of jnercy; but the celes
tial snow, the white-winged rain, is it
not even a more fitting symbol? It falls
like a universal benison upon the deso
lated landscape. It comes like the wel
come kiss of motherhood to the numb,
cold face of nature, and its tender
touch is the caress of kindness
and beneficence. The deepest Toot
gives thanks; the dormant dwellers
fn nest or burrow are dimly conscious,
perhaps, of the soft down-like covering;
and the quickened earth sends up Its
grateful -embloms beneath the aaow
flakes their mimic starry flowexyrtfie
duckweed, fuller and more perfect now
than summer sun has ever seen. Yon
der in the woods the drooping hemlocks,
with out-stretched arms, and clad in
their celestial vestments, seem to mus-'
ter like venerable priests at bme bap
tismal ceremony.
How this clear, purged atmosphere
sharpens the sight and opens up the
horizon, as the merciful mantle of the
snow smooths away all former invidious
distinctions, and confounds our arbi
trary judgments ! In these white fields
you shall not know poverty from afflu
ence, worldly distinction from obscure
humility. The princely park and the
plebeian potato-patch are one; their ar
tificial barrier is blotted out in this uni
versal baptism of beneficent whiteness.
I TJ, M. Qibsen, m J2Strjr' Mgint.
DYNAMITE.
Interesting Experiment With, sad tan
Varied Uses of. the Fowerfol Kxpto
atve. Many .people who read about dyna
mite explosions and the occasional dam
age done to property by careless or crim
inal use of tho explosive have little idea
of the real commercial valuo of the
stuff," said a manufacturer recently.
"To the public the word dynamite con
jures up pictures of powdered rocks
and mangled limbs. To those familiar
with explosives it savors only of that
which is safe and useful. People hear
at onco when 2 disaster happens, but of
course there is no reason wiry they
should keep track of the thousands of
times tho stuff is used without disaster.
Beforo dynamite was invented gunpow
der and rifle powdor wero used m blast
ing. Fuses were made that would burn
away gradually until the charge was
reached. When blasts failed to go oft
the miner or quarryinan often went to
the hole in which the powder was placed
to see what was tho matter, and got his
head blown off. Sometimes the fuse
burned so rapidly that workmen were
struck down by showers of flying roek
before thoy could reach a placo of safety.
Now tat has all been cliangcd.
"Dj namite is not fired by a fuse, but
by electricity. A little copper cap filled
with fulminate is placed in tho charge.
From this cap tho wires aro run to a
place of safety. After the workmen
have all retired tho foreman connects
the wires with a little battery, pulls a
lever or presses a button, and off goes
tho blast It is safe to say that not one
tenth as many lives aro lost in using dy
namite as with tho old-fashioned pow
dei. In fact, loss of life or damage to
property ;s now invariably due to crim
inal carelessness.
The word dynamite covers a half
dozen dilforent compounds in which
nitro-giycerino is tho explosive. The
nitro-glycerine is usually mixed with
some sort of material that furnishes lit
tle gas when tho explosion takes placo,
bntthere is one high explosive made of
a m'xlure, eight per cent of gun cotton
and nine per cent, of nitro-glycerine.
This leaves no ash. A more powerful
explosive than this combination is not
made, and yet it is singularly safe.
"In the courso of his experiments
with the dynamite throwing gun at Fort
Lafayette, Lieutenant Zalinski has had
some curious experience. The gclatino
or gun cotton mixture is imported in
little brown rolls, that can bo twisted
and bent around liko rubber, or torn
apart like tough jelly. Lieutenant
Zalinski has placed the rolls on iron
plates and dropped big rolls upon them
from a height of twenty feet without
exploding them. Held in the flame of a
lamp the roll took fire and burned bril
liantly, but only as hot grease might
But the most singular feature of this
powerful explosive was the fact that
there could be alocal explosion in a mass
of it without setting off the whole lot
Having fired a rifle ball into a bag of it,
there was a very distinct flash and ex
plosion where the ball entered it
"On another occasion Lieutenant Za
linski, wishing to break a big iron
plate apart laid alternate cartridges of
dynamite and. gelatine along tho lino of
fracture and exploded them with a bat
tery. The dynamite went off as usual,
and so did all but two of tho gclatino
cartridges. These two were each about
one-half consumed, the remaining por
tions being found, blackened and
charred, after the explosion. It was
concluded that the gelatine must be ex
ploded by fulminate to get it to explode
at all, and, to make sure of its full
effect, it must be first confined.
"When the attention of Lieutenant
Zalinski was called t the fact that naval
officers had tested dynamite by hanging
one hundred pounds of it against a big
armor plate for a ship and then explod
ing it, with the result of a mere dent in
the armor plate, he proceeded to make
a similar experiment An eight-ounce
cartridge was hung against a thrce-quartcr-inch
iron plate and exploded. A
slight depression in the plate for the
length of the cartridge was the solo re
sult Then an angle iron weighing a
few pounds, the inscribed circlo of which
was considerably larger than tho circum
ference of the cartridge, was hung over
another cartridgo placed on another
plate of iron. Behind this plate a sec
ond was placed. Light as tliis tamping
was, it enabled the dynamite to blow a
big liolo through both plates.
"Tliero arc varying grades of dyna
mite proper," said tho manufacturer.
"The quantity of nitro-glycerine used in
the mixture determines the grade. Thus,
a sixty per cent, mixtmo is used in
blasting out the headings in tho new
Croton aqueduct, and a forty per cent
mixture in the benches or in breaking
up the blocks that arc thrown down by
tho first explosions. In somo quarry
work lighter mixtures aro used, be
sause only tho natural seams and
fissures are to bo opened, and the
solid rook must be kept intaot No. 1
dynamite is worth twenty-fivo cents a
pound; tho lightest grade only fifteen
cents. The gclatino is quoted in Eng
land at two shillings. When freight
and a ten per cent .duty have been
added, with a reasonable profit, the price
hero would not bo les3 than seventy-fivo
cents a pound. It can be made here,
but it is too powerful for commercial
purposes. For war torpedoes it will
prove superior to everything."
"It would interest the passengers on a
Liverpool steamer to know that a con
signment of this explosive was in the
hold under the main saloon," said a
listener.
"It is never carried in steamers,"
said the manufacturer. "Sailing ves
sels monopolize the business. We ox
port large quantities of dynamite, es
pecially to Mexico. It is packed in
wooden cases that hold fifty pounds
each. They are lined with cement, and
have a cushion lining of material that
will absorb moisture and prevent shocks
besides. In that shapo it is mixed with
general merchandise, and is insured and
carried at the same rate charged for the
barrels of flour beside it American ex
plosives are the favorites in most parts
of the world. Dynamite is used for odd
purposes, such as cutting trees, instead
of an ax or saw. If apound of dyna
mite is properly placed under a big tree
or stump, for that matter, and is ex
ploded, the whole business is lifted out
of the ground. It is a cheaper and bet
ter way of doing tho work than the old
way. But the chief use of tho explosive
is in mining and quarry work, and to
those branches of tho trade we devote
ourselves exclusively." N. Y. Times.
m t
The Canine Rabies.
"Unquestionably a recognition by
every individual of the early symptoms
of canine rabies would be an extremely
useful, valuable, and life-preserving
kind of knowledge," says the Lancet.
"A dog that slobbers with hanging jaws
and barks unnaturally is an easy de
scription to remember, and ought to
. lead to the dog's timely destruction. In
the other form of madness the animal is
not 'dumb,' but snappish, even while he
retains perfect memory of his master
and friends; in this variety also the bark
is altered from the natural, and a dog's
master shonld be the earliest to recog
nize the change. Cauterization of the
dog-bite is well enough in its way, but it
is inadequate chiefly because the mis
chief had been done long before the
caustic had come in contact with the
wound, and partly also because the
caustic is rarely effectually and thor
oughly applied. Undoubtedly the best
thing that can be done is to suck the
wound freely, so as to draw as much
blood and fluid from the bitten part
at possible."
' SHE DESERVED HIM.
Haw Oae California Woman Katroppad a
Bashful Admirer.
Marriage has long been considered as
more or less of a lottery. It is like a
lottery In more than tho drawing.
Drawing a blank once only makes you
go into it again. The fact is, to lose a
husband or draw one she has got
to get rid of is a reflection upon the
woman and wounds her vanity. She
feels she must marry again just to show
it was not her fault and she is much
llkeU4abe happy, in the .-second- vea
ture. Te experience of the first helps
her to a hotter understanding-of the
second, and the unpleasantness of the
loss teaches her to yield very often
whero her natural inclination would bo
to kick. But there's ono woman very
happy now, whoso husband will proba
bly never know that he was brought up
to the scratch in a very simple but ef
fective way. r,
"Ihavocometo ask you if you can
help me to somo work, she said. She
was a finely-educated, very attractive
woman. "My husband has turned out
quite worthless. I havo had to leave
him, and I am now compelled to sup
port myself."
"I am very sorry, but I am afraid I
Jan nos givo you any work. Do you pro
pose to support yourself?"
"I've got to."
"Look here, that's all nonsense.
You're young, pretty, attractive Why
don'tyou marry again?"
"Marry again! Never. I've had
enough of it"
"Nonsense; you'll have better luck
tliis time. Haven't you auy admirers?"
"Oh, yes."
"Any one you liko?"
"Yes. Thore's one young gentleman
very much gone on me. Ho s well off;
has a very nioo position."
"That's tho man. You marry him."
"But he's bashful and backward, and
I've got to do something right away. I
have no money."
"That's bad."
"Do you mind assisting me to bring
him to the point?"
"Certainly not Tell mo how, and
I'll bo most happy to do anything."
"Well," and she hesitated; "if you
wouldn't mind. Yon see, he's very,
very backward, but he's very fond of
me, and I think he means business.
Now, if you will put on your best
clothes and come up you see, he's
coining to call upon mo to-night "
"Certainly. I'll call to-night with
pleasure; but"
"Of courso I shall not tell him you're
married you understand; and if you'll
well, ho might get jealous, perhaps,
and that would be something, you
know."
"O, I see. Til be there."
So the lady went off, and the adviser
dressed himself in gorgeous array and
called at her house. Tho bashful lover
was there, and it was not fifteen minutes
beforo he got wildly jealous of the new
beau. The rival worked it up for all
it was worth, and when the backward
adorer got to the inflammatory point of
jealousy where a fight was probably im
minent the confederate lit out, left him
the field, and in the brief explanation
of the next five minutes he had commit
ted himself to an immediate marriage.
She deserved him. San Francisco
Chronicle.
INDIAN WARFARE.
Tha Caatomary Mode of Attacking Iadlaa
Villages.
Tho chase of hostile Indians, to adopt
a nautical phrase, is usually "a stern
chase," and consequently a long one.
Having broken up their band into par
ties of four and five, these Indians are
still able to rob and murder. In tho
pursuit, the United States soldiers suffer
from thoso disadvantages which must
always accompany regularly equipped
troops. They havo ever been dependent
on some base of supplies. It is difficult
to imagine how it could havo been oth
erwise. In the recent Apache war the
pursuing forces stripped themselves of
all superfluities, and imitated the sav
ages in every way, indifferent as to
wagons and supply trains. "
In attacking an Indian camp day
break 13 invariably chosen. Just before
the sun rises both white and red men
sleep the soundest, and vigilance is
somewhat relaxed. The camp has been
carefully reconnoitered, and its ap
proaches studied. The scouts have
given all the points to tho commander
of tho advancing column. The forward
movement has hecn stealthily accom
plished and properly timed. The troop
ers have been hidden in some wooden
clump, or behind rising ground, or in a
ravine, awaiting anxiously tho dawn.
Generally one-third of the force
is held in reserve, that
is, if it is numerically strong
enough. At last tho signal was given.
Then, with a yell, tho troopers clap
spurs in their horses, and burst into tho
Indian camp, and pistol and sword do
their terrible work. It is not often that
the resistance met with is very serious,
for in a surprise, according to military
probabilities, the assailants nave most of
the chances in their favor. Tho Indian
as a warrior is not seen at his best in an
attack on his camp.
The lesson taught tho savage foe when
his camp is taken is generally a lasting
one, for nothing seems to break his
spirit moro. Almost always a clean
sweep is made. Tho reserve, which has
been carefully kept in hand, is unloosed
at the proper moment. Fugitives are
cut off and ponies captured; the camp is
generally burned. Still, mercy is shown,
ifliccrs exert themselves to restrain
their men from inflicting unnecessary
punishment Women and children, as
non-combatants, are never harmed.
Cases have, however, been cited where
Indian lads of twelve and fourteen have
fought like tigers. A notable ono is on
record of an Indian boy, mounted on a
small pony, who with a bow and arrow
wounded several soldiers. The lad
might have been easily killed by anoffl
cer with his pistol, but this gallant man
declined shooting. The officer was,
however, obliged: to charge the Indian
boy with a heavier horse, and dismount
ing him, took him prisoner. Harper's
Weekly.
CARE OF THE TEETH.
Children Shoald Be Taught to Chew All
Food.
The dentists aro again flaunting the
specter"of toothlcssncss in tho faces of
the men and women of the future, and
they claim as their reason that parents
will not teach their children to properly
masticate their food. They assert fur
thermore, that there is an excessive ten
dency to select meats that can be easily
eaten, and so proper exercise is not
given to the mouth and teeth; thus the
latter become weak, the gums spongy
and the lips dry. Of course, this may
be exaggerated, but there is certainly
much that is true in it Witness the
quickness with which a person will
choose tenderloin rather than sirloin
steak. "So much easier to eat" is tho
excuse. It does not have to be chewed
is the real reason. If the mothers will
only give attention to this, how grateful
will be their sons and daughters when
middle age is reached, and they have
still a sweet, clean mouth and'strong
healthy teeth. Give a child food that
needs chewing; forbid its being swal
lowed in lumps, and see that it is not
done. Teach him to brush and care for
his teeth, and there is no reason why
they shonld not remain with him until
they have performed the duty for which
tfcev were designed.- Jklinmttr.
PITH AND POINT.
When a person is in everybody's
mouth, he naturally has a high appre
ciation of the popular taste.
Two stupid Michigan hunters shot
a woman, mistaking her for a bear. A
woman should never be taken for any
thing but a dear. C!i:c-igo Tribune
Jonkhecr-Dr.-P. J. A. M. Van derl
Does de Wiliebois has resigned as Dutch
Minister of Foreign Affairs.' What Hol
land needs at tbe-liead of her Govern-"
ment is more John Smiths. -.Bftfjaloz
Express. . ,
A bootblack named Joseph Moak
has become an actor. It nw In cor
der for somo actors to turn bootblacks.'
There are men who would shine iri.Uiat
Srofession to much advantage. Texas
iflings. .
J'l see," said Mm. Da Wiggs to her
husband, "that the K:sig of Bavaria is
in debt about $7,500,000." "Yes."
"How in the world can he have got so
deeply in dobt?" "Duuuo, unless ho
kept two hired "girLs." Pittsburgh
Chronicle- Telegraph.
California boasts of a parrot which '
sings "with moro melody anil accuracy
than a great many humane are capable
of." We do not doubt this in the least,
and yet we suspect that parrot's Voice
is no more musical tiiana file on a rusty
saw-tooth. Boston rant.
"Why don't you hold up your head
as 1 do?"" aked an aristocratic lawyer
of a sterling old farmer. "Squire," said
tho farmor, "look at that field of
grain. You -'0 that all the valuablo
heads aro bow ' down, wh'lo those that
have nothin-r "" '" '.and upright"
AT. Y. Inde t
"Those - - ..v.:j some strange
customs. Fo tt".;ic the men buy
their wives h .viclion," remarked
Colonel WilhiTsp'rs'.itoGSIhooly. "That
is barbarous. Wh ui will thoy learn to
buy them at private sale, a-; wa do in
this country?" responded Gilhooly cyn
ically. Tex'ts Sifliitjs.
"Papa, wh it is a tornado?" asked a
youthful seeker after information.
Glancing nervously around the room to
sco if the coast was clear, the old man
said: "You have ofte"n heard your moth
er blowing mo up for bringing company
home without previously notifying her?1'
"Yes, sir." "Well, that is as much like
a tornado as anything I know of. But
you needn't toll your mother that I said
go, however." AT. Y. Journal.
A mulo is a pun on the hoss.... Com
mon sense is tho instinkt of reason....
Politeness has won more viktorys than
logick ever haz....What a man kant win
with politeness iz out ov the reach ov
everything except a klub....A man has
as much rite tew spel a word as it is
pronounced as ho lias to pronounce it
tho way it ain't spelt. ..It ain't the lies
in this world that aro so much ov a bur
dan as it is vulgar krittors who aro tric
ing to prove that they aro true. Josh
Billings.
THE OLD STONE MILL.
How Newport's Auclcnt My-tterj- Has Been
Saved From Decay.
Antiquarians and arclueologists of
many a land have gazed upon Newport'
mystery of mysteries and sighed for
some revelation that would confirm
thorn in this theory or in that as to its
origin and the uses to which it was put
But thoy have sighed in vain, although
thoy have not sighed alone, for during
the last summer, particularly, many anx
ieties have been expressed and felt about
the safely of the mysterious structure, to
gaze upon and examine which men havo
como purposely from across distant
seas. Not a few archaeologists have in
spected it this summer, and many of
these gave it as their opinion that unless
speedy measures were taken for a thor
ough overhauling the grand old structure
would rapidly decay and ere long tum
ble into a heap of stones. Somo years
ago some English ivy was planted around
the old stone mill, and with the rapid
growth peculiar to its nature soon spread
m every direction until nearly every
inch of stone was covered up. About
twenty-four years since attention was
called to the fact that this ivy was rap
idly working destruction to the mill,
and thrusting out large quantities of
mortar, which caused tho stones
(which many believe were handled
by Norsemen, whilo others aver
that the structure was the work of
Druids) to bo loosened, rendering the
whole pile in a dangerous condition.
The ivy was finally removed, and the
building resumed its original appear
ance. Of late years the building has
been growing shaky, and finally public
attention was attracted to its condition
in a very forcible way. Tho city author
ities took hold of the matter after some
dolay. and it is satisfactory to learn
from the committee's report that, al
though the work of preservation has
been somewhat expensive, it incomplete,
and that the old mill is now in condition
to withstand for many years the destruc
tive forces of the elements. How bad a
condition the curious structure was in
may be gathered from the fact that the
architect s report states that tho old mill
was found to be in an u us table and dan
gerous condition. Tho upper walls were
badly cracked, and for about two feet
down from the top the old mortar had
almost entirely disappeared from be
tween the stones. This portion of the
wall has now been laid in Portland
cement mortar, the stones being re
moved individually and replaced in their
original position, and the joints have
been raked out roughly, to preserve all
the characteristics of rude rubble-work.
Where any new stones were re
quired they were .wlected from
among the sea-worn ones on the beach,
care boing exercised to obtain the same
class of slate and granite as was used
by the original builders centuries ago.
The top of the wall has been carefully
cemented over in a slightly rounded
form, to stop all future infiltrations of
storm water. Where the walls were
cracked bond-stones have been inserted
across the seams, and all tho work made
secure. The arches, piers, and upper
walling havo been examined, ana all
open joints filled in, the outer faces
having been left rough and open. All
the windows, mortices for beam?, port
holes, fireplaces, etc., have been treated
in the same way. All the old portholes
and one wiiidow, which in the course of
time had been filled up with brickwork,
were opened and left as originally built.
This brickwork was evidently the work
of late occupants, fitting the old mill
for their own uses, and not a portion of
the ancient structure. The fact that the
mysterious old structure has been placed
in" such thorough order will be most
gratifying news to readers interested in
archreology, particularly as the mill is
claimed to be the oldest "structure in the
United States, and now restored to its
original appearance. The citizens are
rejoicing over its complete restoration,
for thoy regard the old stone mill as one
of the things to be treasured more than
fine gold or precious stones. Newport
(R. J.) Cor. Boston Journal.
A New Jersey pauper has a peculiar
disease. No matter in what position
any part of his body may be placed, in
that position it remains until changed.
Stand him up in a corner and he will
remain there until removed. If he is
ordered to fold his arms they are folded,
and remain so until separated by force.
If his mouth should be open and full of
flies, he neither notices the flies nor
shuts his mouth until so directed by the
keeper. Jf. Y. Sun.
m
A couple of Georgia mill hands quit
work at twelve o'clock, went and got
married, ate their dinner, and wen back
in their respective positioM at MM
o'dock. Chief Tmss.
FOREIGN GOSSIP.
A Russian town in Siberia has bee
named New York.
At a recent English wedding the
bridumaids carried huge bunches of
grapes instead of flowers.
The liquor and beer saloons of Lon
don, if placed in a row, would extend, a
contemporary claims, a distance of sev-enty-ight
miles.
According, to ai official report tha
popWatToir-of the English prisons Is 16,
22i; about 1,-000 less than at the corra
spondin&tiino last year. -
Vegetarianism is spreading rapidly
in London. Ten. years ago it was diffi
cult to find an "avowed vegetarian, but
now more. than. .2,000 persons refresh
themselves daily at vegetarian restau
rants.' f
A correspondent of the London
Timss Has discovered a source of dan
ger inwrought iron railroad bridges.
He says that when many of them were
built the f weight of a locomotive was
only "twoUhirds as much as at present,
ami' that'' the iron work has naturally
beep growiug weaker.
The-tiirco Emperors wero together
at Kremsier twenty hour.-; only, but the
entertainment while tlieiv col tho Aus
trian Court Treasury some ?o00,000, or
$250 a minute. There wri: 800 persons
at two meals and among l lie wines were
1,000 bottles of Rhine cabinet, 3,000
bottles of champagne and 2,500 of
claret.
In a speech at Kilmarnock the other
day Lord Roscbcry told good story
about his fittlo girl. She haulHicn told
by her nurse that if 'she did not think so
much by day she would dream less at
night "But I can't help thinking,"
she told her father. "For yon know,"
she added pathetically, "I can not make
my mind sit down."
Preparations aro in' progress in
London for holding a great inventions
exhibition next year aboard ono or two
hugo vessels anchored in tho Thames.
The advantage expected to be derived
from the project lies in the fact that
without great expense the exhibits can
be taken to all tho principal ports of
Europe and So placed before the eyes of
millions instead of hundreds of thou
sands. In London recently a Coroner's
Jury in a case of suicide brought in a
verdict of murder. As this would in
volve serious penalties to the family tho
humane Coroner begged tho jury tb al
ter it to temporary insanity, using tho
following argument: "Allow me to re
mark, though you may not be aware of
it, that every man is mad on some point.
Tin mad, and you're mad, if wc only
knew about what. The deceased's mad
point was to kill himself." Tho verdict
was changed. v
A dreadful mistake was made not
long ago by a physician in Warsaw. A
young girl suffered from some diseaso in
one eye, and there was danger that the
other oye would be similarly affected
unless the diseased eye was speedily re
moved. Thu girl was chlorofonnedand
the oyo successfully removed; but, to the
consternation of all, when the patient
regained consciousness, it was discov
ered that the sound eye had been re
moved. Tho physician was so over
come with remorse that he fled from the
house.
GRAND MANAN.
A Picturesque Inle About Wbiek Bat lit
tle la Kaowa.
Seven miles from tho main coast, eigh
teen miles from Eastport, and forty miles
from St. John, the principal city of the
province of New Brunswick, the island
of Grand Manan opposes successfully
the powerful tides of the Bay of Fundy
that, rising and falling almost inces
santly, sweep by its shores. It is the
chief of a group of islands and ledges,
some of which are continually sub
merged, and which arc tho sceno of fre
quent disasters and in the main, from
decade to decade have thoir shores
strewn with the relics of vessels lost in
the storms and fogs that prevail hero at
certain seasons of the year. Yet the
coasters and fishermen of the Bay of
Fundy rarely arc participants in these
disasters, for from childhood they have
been quite as familiar with the highways
of the Bay as their rural brethren have
been with the geography of the land.
Chiefly they are foreign vessels that are
lured to destruction nere by the unac
customed tides and bewildering mists.
The island of Grand Manan was vis
ited by Champlain in. 1605, but nearly
two centuries passed beforo it was per
manently settled. Marvelous stories
were told of the island by old-timo nav
igators. Charlevoix wrote that near by
"there is a rock, almost always covered
by the sea, which is of lapis-lazuli."
Legend has it that Commander do
Razili broke off a piece of this rock,
which he sent to r ranee, where it sold
for ten crowns an ounce. It is told
that at one timo a vessel belonging to
the fleet of Champlain grounded in one
of the harbors of the island, and when
drawn ashore for repairs a number of
precious stones of great value were
found imbedded in her planking. Cer
tain it is that on several of the beaches
of Grand Manan bits of jasper, agate
and porphyry are frequently found, and
it has even been asserted that every
precious stone mentioned in the Book
of Revelations can be found on the
island by tho patient searcher.
The island of Grand Manan is about
seventeen miles in length, and varies in
width from three to seven miles. It lias
a population of three thousand souls,
and it has few industries other than the
catching and curing of fish. It is the
eastern shore of Great Manan that is
inhabited; indented with many coves
and beautiful bays, the pleasant villages
at North Head, Centraiia, Grand Har
bor and Woodward and Seal Coves
smile pleasantly upon the passing ships
and upon the islands known as the
Twins, Whitehead, Nantucket, Chan
cy"s. Duck, and a dozen others whose
names it would be difficult to remem
ber. North Head, which is provided with a
three hundred feet in advance of the red
and purple cliffs that tower to a height
of three hundred to four hundred feet
behind it, and at Southern Head, the
Southern Cross, near ninety feet in
height,, is hardly surpassed by the
wonders of the Yosemitc. Interesting
as are all parts of this picturesque
island, the climax of solitary
wildness and grandeur is found
in the great cliffs, at Southern
Head, where the lighthouse flashes out
across the bay from a perpendicular
height above Jhe sea of hardly less than
four l-.undred feet; thousands of gulls
have their nests built among the crevices
of the cliffs, which are wholly inaccessi
ble, aud it is here that a majority of
these birds that frequent the Atlantic
coast between the port of New York and
Newfoundland first see the light
The western coast of Grand Manan
consists of a succession of purple cliffs
from three hundred to four hundred feet
in height, broken only by a narrow
gorge at Dark Harbor, where a moun
tain .stream finds entrance to the bay.
The island is rich in legendary lore, and
as a summer resort in some respects if
unequaled. -It has for many years been
frequented by landscape and marine
painters, both of the old and new world.
very throne of the bold and romantic.
The shores, but for the woods whioh
beautify them, are quite in style with
Uftrador." B. L. Spmotr, m Chiomgt
light-house and fog alarm, is guarded
by "the Bishop," a. gigantic figure
formed bv nature, which stands about
and many years ago uie laic u. u. xiw
We, of Philadelphia, wrote of it: "As a
anmmer hatmt of the nautter it is aha
Happiness
resatts from that true contentment which
indicates perfect health of body and mind.
You may possess it, if you will purify and
invigorate your blood with AVer's Sarsa
parilla. E. M. Howard, Newport, N. H.,
writes: "I suffered for years with Scrof
uloas humors. After using two bottles of
AVer's SarsapariUa, I
Found
great relief. It hat entirely restored me to
health." James French, Atchison, Kans.,
writes: "To all persons suffering from
Liver Complaint, I would strongly recom
mend Avert SexaapariUa. I was afflicted
with a disease- of the liver for nearly two
years, when a friend advised me to take
this medicine. It gave prompt relief, and
has cured me.? Mrs. H. M. Kidder, 41
Dwlght st, Boston, 3ass., writes : " For
several years I have used Avert Sarsa
pariUa la my fandlr. I never feel safe,
vea
At Home
without It As a liver medicine and
general purifier of the blood, it has no
equal." its. A. B. Allen, Winterpoek,
Vs., writes: "3fy youngest child, two
years of age, was taken with Bowel Com
plaint, which we could not cure. We tried
many remedies, but he continued to grow
worse, and Anally became so reduced la
flesh that we could only move him upon
a pillow. It was suggested by one of the
doctors that Scrofula might be the cause
of the trouble. We procured a bottle of
AYER'S
SarsapariUa
and commenced giving it to him. It surely
worked wonders, for, In a short time, he
was completely cured."
Sold by all Druggists.
Price $1; Six bottles, $5.
Prepared by Dr. J. C. Ayer & Co., Lowell,
Mass., U. S. A.
COAL LIME!
J.E. NORTH & CO..
DEALERS IX-
Cm!,
Lime,
Cement.
Keck Spins Coal, $7.00 per ton
Carta! (Wyoming) Coal 6.00 "
BldoH (Iowa) Coal .00 "
Blacksmith Coal of best quality al
ways on hand at low
est prices.
North Side Eleventh St.,
COLUMBUS, NEB.
14-3m
LOUIS SCHBEIBER,
I
All kinds of Repairing done on
Sfcart Notice. Buggies, Wag
3, etc., made to order,
and all work Guar
anteed. AIm tell the world-famous Walter A.
Wood Mowers, Reapers, Combin
ed Machines, Harvesters,
and Self-binders the
hast made.
'Shop opposite the " Tattersall," on
Olive St., COLUMBUS. l-m
Denver to Chicago,
Denver to Kansas City,
Denver to Omaha,
Omaha to Chicago,
Kansas City to Chicago,
Omaha to St. Louis,
BEST LINE
PROM
WEST TO EAST!
SURE CONNECTIONS
LOW RATES
BACCACE CHECKED THROUCH.
Through tickets over the Burling
ton Route are for sale by the Union
Pacific, Denver Jt Rio Crande and
all other rincipal railways, and
by all agents of the "Burlington
Route.'
For further Information, apply to
any agent, or to
P. S. EUSTIS.Gen'l'TVtAg't,
OMAHA. IfEB.
bM CvatfBOam BaaPaPsP J
VJCnniMrBaam a
AbookoflOOpagta.
Tbc best book for an
f1vivf Lai in con.
JABERTjSiHS!
suit, be bo experi-
Itoontalns ll of newspapers and estimates
ofthecostofadvertislnif.TheaclTertjserwho
waata to spend one dollar, finds in lube in
formation he requires, while forhlm who will
lBTest one hundred thousand dollars inad
TecUaUaV a schema la Indicated which will
.. - n h mmtit
kast. DMDald. to any address for 10 cents,
writ. t rSa r. HOWELL CO,
KXWSPAPSK ADVrenSDiO BCBXAU.
BlacMMwiiker
HMOTJ1W every renuuii'. , l
to 4o y tligUckonametua arrtvedal by cor
"'Tr.T'f .... fttm.a hn baen lamed.
UNION PACIFIC
LAND OFFICE,
SAML. C. SMITH, Ag't.
AND
General Reel Estate Dealer.
Z3TI bare a lairi number of Improved
I'sna- for sale cheap. Al?t, unimproved
faruiins and grszlu- IineN, Horn $i to !5
per aire.
JSTSpecril &:tf:tion j aid t making
final .roi.r on HoruCMtind and Timber
Claim.
32? II bavin? lint! to sc!l will find it
so tlclr ;i,lv in: u.. m Sivivir ihem in my
Iiud.s for :!e. ilmif l l::i on farms.
V. II. Marty, Clerk, K3k German.
W-tf Culiun!ii, Xilir:sk:i.
FREE LAND!
-FHK
FARMERS & STOCKS! M
Just bi'vond tho Xt'lT:i!c.i lino on Hie
riattc I'itr.
Thu Country is Wonderfully
Productive.
Cheap Lands for sale in the viciuity
of the livel- town of Sterling.
Grand Openings for all kinds of Busi
ness. Present population of
Town 500.
2"3""Scnl for circular to
PACKARD & KINO,
JS-y Stcrlinsr, Welti 'o., Colorado.
ESTABLISHED IN I860.
nsi:-
nilU 11L-I UIJUIUA11
WASHINGTON', n.c.
Dally, except Siindiy. Price. $G.0; per
year in advance, postage free.
-TI1K
WEEKLY Mil!
Devoted to irencrjl iiv and original
matter obtained fro-i the Depirtmunt of
Agriculture and other i'epartment of
the Government, relating to the firming
and planting interests.
An Advocate of Republican principles,
reviewing fearlessly and fairly the act
of Congress and the National "Adminis
tration. Trice, $1.00 per year in advance,
postage tree.
K. W. FOX,
Precedent and Manager.
The National Kei'Oblicax and the
CoLCMnus Journal, 1 year, $i;"i0. ai-x
Cures Guaranteed!
DR. WAHN'S SPECIFIC No. 1.
A Certain Cure for Nervous Debility,
Seminal Weakness, Involuntary Kiuin
sionn, Spermatorrhea, and all diseases of
the geni to-urinary organs caused by sclf
abtisc or over indulgence.
Price, ?l 00 per box, six boxes $3.00.
DR. WARNS SPECIFIC No. 2.
For Epileptic Fits, Mental Anxiety,
Loss of Memory, Softening of the Brain,
and all those diseases of the brain. PrWe
$1.00 per box, six boxes $3.00.
DR. WARNS SPECIFIC No. 3.
For Impotence, Sterility in either sex.
Loss of Power, premature old age, and all
those discuses requiring a thorough in
vigorating of the sexual organs. Price
$2.00 per box, nix boxes $10.00.
DR. WARNS SPECIFIC No. 4.
For Headache, Nervous Neuralgia, and
all acute dieases of the nervous system.
Price oOc per box, six boxes $i."0.
DR. WAR1TS SPECIFIC No. 5.
For all diseases caused by the over-use
of tobacco or liquor. This remedy is par
ticularly efficacious in averting palsy and
delirium tremens. Price $1.00 per 'ox,
six boxes 5.00.
Wc Guarantee a Cure, or agree to re
fund double the money paid. Certificate
iu each box. This guarantee applies to
each of our live Specifics. Sent by mail
to any address, secure from observation,
on receipt of price. J$e careful to mention
the number of Spccitic wanted. Our
Specifics are only recommended for spc
citic diseases. Beware of remedies war
ranted to cure all these diseases with one
medicine. To avoid counterfeits and al
ways secure tue genuine, order only from
DOWTV St CIIIIWIY,
DRUGGISTS,
ColumbiH, Neb.
19-1
Health is Wealth!
Da E. C. West's KrnvE asd BitAnr Tiwat
BEtT, a fcuarantoed specific for Hysteria, Dizzi
ness. Conmlsions, Jit. Kcrrona. .NouralKia.
Headache, Kerrous Proot ration caused by tho neo
of alcohol or tobacco. Wnkefalncsa. Mental JJo
prwsiou.Sof toning of tho Urain rcsnltmgin in
sanity and leading to misery, decay and dcato.
Immature Old Ac, Barrenness, Lopb of power
in either box. Involuntary Losses and Bpennnc
orrhcea caused byovcr-oxertion of thobnun.Belr
abufloor over-indulgence Each box containa
ono month's treatment. $1.03 a box.or six boxoa
(or$3.00.sentbymail prepaidon receiptor pnC9.
TVE GFAKAXTEE SIX BOXES
Tocnreanycaao. With each onlcr received byns
for 6ix boxes, accompaniwl with f WJO. yco wiU
end tho purchaser our written guarantee to re
load tho money if the treatment docsDoteoacI
core. Guarantees issued only by
JOHN O. "WEST & CO.,
862 W. MADISON ST., CHICAGO, ILLS..
Sole Prop's West's Liver Pilli.
in presents given away.
Send us 5 cents postage.
iuuu ami My man uu win get.
free a pacuage of goods of large value,
that will start von in work that will at
once brin you in money faster thau any
thing else in America. All about the
$200,000 in presents with each box.
Agents wanted everywhere, of either
sex, of all ages, for all the time, or spare
time only, to work for us at their own
homes. " Fortunes for all workers ab
solutely assured. Don't delay. II. IIal
lftt & Co., Portland, Maine.
S500 REWARDI
rXwUIrrthaiborwdfcrBycMof tlrcrCoaphWP
Prtpcpi. Sick Hirtirh. bdlftiao, Canufatloa or Cwtlfim
we caaaot cm with Wnt'i Vrtuil Llwr Fllli. whta li tin
Cotk strictly complied with. Tb7irpaitlTTeptiU,nJ
ttrabSl to fir nUificUog. Sbzw Coiled. Larft boiecra
U!oiarX3pDli.t3cU. Wr ml by all drctfbt. Orwtnot
tasnterMU and imitation. Tha grcatn maau&ctand calf tf
ions o. wist ca,m in w. ludhoa st. cuoc,
..r-w. . 'rr 1J v n miiiai
"ITTTTVT" more money than at anything
VY I I e,se bX taking an agency for
' ' J-Xi ti,e best selling book out. Be
ginners succeed grandly. None fail.
Terms free. HaUJcTT Book Co., Port
land, Malae. 4-2-7
Amvi-I RAU I
iriaM ffa ' ' &. S-crl
BaBPWafigSCjyTRjETMEwrelg
Mflfl flflfl