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VOL. XVI.-N0. 29.
COLUMBUS, NEB., WEDNESDAY. NOVEMBER 11, 1885.
WHOLE NO. 809.
M
lie
t
t
1
T.
I
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t
, .:
COLUMBUS
STATE BANK!
COLUMBUS, NEB.
CASH CAPITAL, - $75,000
DIKECTOKS:
Leakdeu Gekuaud, Pres'i.
Geo. TV. IIuxst, Vice Prct't.
Julius A. Reed.
It. II. Hexky.
J. E. Taskek, Cashier.
Haak of Mepetrtt. Ia-cee
mud ExchaBKc.
CellectloBN Promptly Iaa
mil PoIatM.
Par UtereNl Time Depota-
ItM.
274
HENRY LUERS,
PEALKIt IN
WIND MILLS,
AND PUMPS.
Buckeye Mower, combined, Self
Binder, wire or twine.
Pimps Repaired on short lotice
jgrOne door west of Heintz's Drug
Btore, 11th Street, Columbus, Keb. 8
HENRY G-ASS,
THSTX)ETflT-AJS:ETrl !
COFFINS AND METALLIC CASES
AND DIALEK IN
Furniture. Chairs, Bedsteads, Bu
reau. Tables, Safes. Lounges,
Ac. Picture Frames and
Mouldings.
pri:epalri..a of all kinds of Upholstery
Goods.
6-tf C( MllUS. NEW.
Be Warned
In time. Kidney diseases may be prevented
by purifying, renewing, and invigorating
the blood with Avert Samparilla, When,
through debility, the action of the kidneys
is perverted, these organs rob the blood of
Its needed constituent, albumen, which is
passed off in the urine, while worn out
matter, which they should carry off from
the blood, is allowed to remain. By the
use of AVer's Sarsaparilla, the kidneys
are restored to proper action, and Albu
minuria, or
Bright' s Di
U prevented. AVer's Sarsaparilla also
prevents inflammation of the kidneys, and
other disorders of these organs. Mrs. Jas.
""jF. Weld, Forest Hill st., Jamaica Plain,
Mass., writes: 1 have had a complica
tion of diseases, but my greatest trouble
has been with my kidneys. Four bottles
of Ayer's Sarsaparilla made me feel like
a new person; as well and strong a
ever." W. M. McDonald, 46 Summer sU,
Boston, Haw., had been troubled for years
with Kidney Complaint. By the use of
Ayer Sarsaparilla, he not only
Prevented
the disease from assuming a fatal font,
bat was restored to perfect health. Joan
HcLellan, cor. Bridge and Third sts.,
Lowell, Mass., writes: 'Tor several years
I suffered from Dyspepsia and Kidney
Complaint, the latter being bo severe at
times that I could scarcely attend to my
work. My appetite was poor, and I was
much emaciated; but by using
AYER'S
Sarsaparilla
ry appetite and digestion improved, and
my health has been perfectly restored.
Sold by all Druggists.
Price $1 ; Six bottles, 95.
prepared by Dr. J. C. Aver tc Co., Lowell,
Mass., U.S. A.
FARMER'S HOME.
This House, recently purchased by me,
will be thoroughly refitted. Board
by the day, week or meal. A few rooms
to let. A share of the public patronage
is solicited. Feed stable in connection.
2-y Albert Lgth.
LYON&HEALY
Sts..Cfcicsfo.
WBIhbJ mil t u.
1ND CATALDCttt.
far li. 00 par. HO tcm.
r urn i mum, son, laps Brut
?jirr tuj Oats.' Illltfll
j. li-e tsctsto iMnnlM mm4 a-
.tv- Amabvr Ihifr. aa4 a
I Ov Hi 1-1
TTAM!. TO MEaE,H. afX,
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON,
Plane CcHter, Nebraska." 9-y
aWWW ' Cf- "'. t .-. mmmwLmT
BBSlStBU.
Bprjj
jA-AuVt.-
WEIGHING WOOD.
Tke atreaetti of Yariotu Klada oT Wood
How to Estimate Lumbar.
How many people know the weight
f common woods or their hardness?
The hardest of all woods is the shell
bark hickory; the least hard of woods
for ordinary use is white pine. Next
below hickory comes oak and ash
in hardness. Cedar is not very hard.
Wild cherry comes about half-way be
tween hickory and white pine. A cord
of hickory weighs over forty-four hun
dred pounds, while a cord of white oak
weighs but little over eighteen hundred
pounds. Suppose you are going to
ship lumber on the railroad where thoy
may charge you so much per hundred
pounds; it is important to know the
weight of the lumber you order. For
overy thousand f-et of seasoned lumber
in ash you have 3,550 pounds. In oak
not .much more, or 3,675 pounds.
Hickory, however hard,-does-BOt weigh
when seasoned as much as pitch pine
or even maple. Suppose you build a
chimccv and want to know tho number
of bricks it will take. If your chimney
is sixteen inches square and the flue
eight inches square, it will take thirty
bncks for even- foot of height in the
chimney. The largest timbers required
in a house are the sills, and these are
not often larger for ordinary houses
than seveu inches by eight Posts to
correspond may run four inches
by six. the tie-beams run al;out
four by seven, and the rafters four by
live A great many people do not
know how to estimate lumber in any
form. The basis of lumber is called
board measure. One foot in board
measure is a board one foot long, one
foot high or wide, and one inch thick.
Therefore one thousand feet of lumber
can be imagined to be a board an inch
thich and a foot wide and long, multi
plied by one thousand. Plank measure
is based upon board moasure, and a
plank differs from a board in beiug of
any width whatever. A board twenty
feet long and one foot wide will contain
twenty Feet of lumber, but a plank two
inches wide and the same length as tho
board will contain forty feet of lumber.
When you come to hewed timber that
is sold by tho solid cubic foot, and if
you look at such timber in the board
yard you will find it marked at the end
In Koman characters to correspond
with the number of cubic feet in it. If
you require pieces of timber twenty
feet long and two inches by ten wide
and thick, such as make girders, only
thirty of them will make one thousand
feet of lumber, board measure. So if
you are buying some of the expensive
woods for" hard-wood joists, for "exam
ple, which cosf. perhaps.SoO to $f0
per thousand, you may estimate to pay
that sum for thirty joists, or. say,
82 a piece. Tho stillest lumber is
American oak, which is 14 per cent.
Ftiffer than English oak; whereas in
btrength it is four per cent, weaker, and
in resistance is thirty-six percent weak
er. The most resisting Aniericau wood
is beech, and it is also very stroug. but
for atiffness it counts below elm. or yel
low pine or larch. Stillness is that
quality in a girder, for example, which
makes it hold firm, however weak it
may bo or incapable of standing a sud
den shock. In short, it is like stiffness
in a man, who may not be able to strike
out with his arm or resist being upet
The least stiff of our building woods is
cedar, but it has a very high power of
resistance, greater than English oak or
yellow pine, while in strength it falls
very low among 4he woods.
Referring again to the weight of lum
ber, a cubic foot of water weighs over
sixty-two pounds, while a cubic foot ol
dry "oak only weighs thirty-nine pounds.
A "cubic foot of water weighs some five
pounds less than green oak. It is the
water in the unseasoned lumber which
makes the weight Dry mahogany
weighs only fifty-three pounds to the
cubic foot, or about nine pounds loss
than water. This is manifest because
dry mahogany will float in water. A
circular saw cutting lumber, if it is
twelve inches in diameter, revolves
three thousand times in a minute. It is
said tbit the rim of a circular saw trav
els two miles a minute. While water
weighs tixty-two and a half pounds per
cubic foot" and seasoned pine only
weighs half as niich, brick weighs just
twice as much. If you want to build a
feneo five boards high, a quarter of a
mile loug. it will take thirty-three hun
dred feet board measure. Galh, in Cin
cinnati Enquirer.
BIRDS IN ARIZONA.
The Shrewd Manner in Which the Itoiul
Kunner Destroy Sunkri.
Although not especially an enthusi
ast in regard to birds, my attention has
been attracted to the great variety
here. One of the most remarkable
kinds is known by. the unpoetic title of
road-runner. The name is certainly
well deserved, as it is a veritable tramp;
but unlike the human species of the
same profession, it is neither feared nor
detested. On the contrary, this
feathered tramp of the desert is re
spected, and its person guarded, by all
classes. The Indians regard the bird as
sacred, and to injure it would be
deemed sacrilege. Its great popularity
is derived from its inveterate hatred of
reptiles, on which it wages relentless
and successful war. The rattlesnake
and all other poisonous kinds arc its
especial aversion. Its mode of attack
on its enemy is as peculiar as the dis
like it exhibits. Being ever on the
alert for conquest it 'catches its game
napping,1 and seldom fails to secure
an easy victory. The customary sleep
ing hours of the snakes are when the
scorching sun has rendered the rocks
and sand too hot to allow it to travel
with comfort Seeing its victim in -its
half-stupid coil from whence it is not
easily aroused, the bird commences
cutting off twigs, of the most thorny
species of cactus, which grows every
where in profusion. When a sufficient
number of limbs is secured, they are
rapidly carried and quietly dropped in
a circle about the reptile." This work
is continued until the fence is consid
ered'strong enough to serve the intend
ed purpose; and such is the dread of
the serpent for the sharp prickers on
the cactus limbs and leaves that it is
said to prefer death from starvation
rather than to attempt to escape
through the circle of thorns, which
bristle at it from every direction. Al
though the snake is frequently known
to die. in these enclosures from heat and
famine, it aaore frequently falls a prey
to hawks and eagles who take ad
vantage of its helplessness and carry it
oC In size the "road-runner is ndarly
twice as large as a pigeon, is of a dark
brow color, medium legs, with strong
beak, well adapted fo" cutting off twigs.
and very long fan-like tail Unlike
the crow-and somejother birds. who
performgood .eeryiceto the farmer
" totroytng wonsanl bugs that
Make inroads upon "his crops, and then
turn and collect tribute, this serpent
hating bird asks nothing in return for
services. It is no doubt conscious of
having done a good deed, and is satis
fied with having done its duty.
The large spotted mocking-bird is al
so well represented among the feathered
tribes that congregate her These and
white-tailed pigeons are musical rivals,
and their musical concerts are contin
uous through the day and night The
notes of the former, "however, are by far
the most musical, those of the pigeon
being more a wail than a song. Why
so many beautiful birds shoultf congre
gate at such an uninviting spot where
timber and water are scarce, and the
general mean s of subsistence apparent
ly meager, is a question for those
versed in ornithology to decide. Pica'
chio (A. T.) Cor. A." J'. Post-
LIME KILN CLUB.
The Evil KflfecU or Tbeorle Ipom Ktrery
Day ASWlra Practically IUustrted by
Brother Gardner.
"Am Kurnel Paradox Johnson in de
hall dis eavenin'?'' blandly inquired
Brother Gardner, as the regular weekly
meeting opened on the forty-seventh
degree, in due and regular shape.
The "Kurnel" arose. He was there.
Some time ago he invented the theory
that Canada thistles could be cultivated
to bear mustard plasters, and his
countenance now betrayed the fact that
he expected to be patted on the back
and ordered to take the stool of honor,
under the Hear Traps.
"Kurnel Johnson will please step dis
way," continued the President and the
Kurnel advanced to the front bestow
ing a look of three-ply contempt on
Hon. Erastus Furlong, as ho passed
him.
"Brudder Johuson." said the Presi
dent as the victim stood before him
with folded arms. "I want to spoke to
you in de plainest English language.
I l'aru dat you hev' invented a the
ory?" ""Yes, sah."
"It has bin a long time workin up tc
a climax, hasn't it?"
" 'Bout a yar, sah."
"I thought o. It was 'bout a y'ar
ago dat I noticed you quit work, an
began to sot around on de curbstone.
You didn't cotch on to dis theory widout
a hard struggle, did you?"
"No. sah. It jistalmoas upsot my
mind."
"I thought so. I remember when
j'ou gin up de curbstone fur saloon so
ciety. Later on you began to play
craps' an' policy. Towards de last
agon- of your strugglo you begun tc
shake dice an' buy lottery tickets on de
money your wife .aimed" at the wash
tub. Inventin' a theory am powerful
hard work. Brudder Johnson.
"Yes, sah."
"It am so hard dat jour wife an'
chill' en am now bergin fur bread an'
ole clothes, while you am in debt to
everybody who'd trust you. and your
landlord am gwine to frow you out o'
de house."
"I I is sorry, sah, but I couldn't
help it"
"Brudder Johnson!" said the Presi
dent in a voice which made Elder
Toots shivor like a. faded burdock in
winter's gale, "I want to say to you. an'
to all other members of dis club freu
j-ou. dat no cu'l'd man in America has
any bigness wid a theory an original
theory. If white folks has got time
'nuff'au' money 'nuiT to loaf around
and diskiver in doir own minds dat
de moon am full of jackasses which
gallop up and down, or dat the Norf
star contains a race of people who walk
on deir heads an' feoa demselves wid
deir toes, dat's all right De problem
wid -de cull'd man am, fust, bread an'
butter; second, house rent and rahnent;
third, sich eddicashun as will enable
him and his'n to write an' receive let
ters; keep posted on current events;
figger;up how much a week's wages
comes to at a dollar a day; realize dat
do Atlantic am upon one side of us an'
de Pacific de odder, an' hev de sense to
go to de polls and wote for honest de
cent candidates. 1 shan't fine you. an'
I doau't want to expel you, but you
will retire to de ante-room with Give
adam Jones fur de space of ten minits.
If you hold to any particular theory
arter he gets freu "wid you it will be
sunthin' you am perfeckly welcome to!"
When the "Kurnel" returned to the
hall after tho ,4proeeedings" he was a
changed man. One coat tail was en
tirely missing, the other badly battered,
and his general appearance was that of a
man who had met the tail end of a cy
clone in a country where there was
nothing to hanjr to. Delroit Free Presc
A MAD HEBREW.
lie Read the Wrltlne on the Wall and
Loat HU Temper.
The maddest man I ever see was
on my post last night," said a police
man doing duty on the Bowery. " He
was tho most all-tired, rip-tearin' loon
that ever was loose. He cussed till the
lamps around here burned blue, and
you could smell sulphur from the
Cooper Union to Chatham square.
What started him? He! he! He
started himself. It was his own pri
vate and exclusive racket, and no one
was to blame- That's what made it
the harder for him when he saw the
dirty facing his new fall overcoat had
got "and looked down at the paint that
had gormed all his cutaway and low
neck vest" r
"Who was he?"
' Oh. a tailor on the Bowery.
There's a lot of 'em strung out there,
you know, and they don't like one
another pretty well Well, this feller,
who's a kind of a gallus duck, was out
last night to a party, and come along
pretty late ana feeling pretty good.
All of a sudderThe fetched up in tront
of another tailor's shop an oppo?i
tin line, you know and got looking
up above the doorway. There was a
white card pasted up there, and the
feller, once he sot eyes on it, says to
himself:
" Ha! ha! Maype dot Chaycobs has
soom drubles got' Chimminny, raaype
dot fellow has himself croaked. Lad
me see."
' He went up to the door. But it
was dark 'there and the sign was a
good ways up. There wasn t a word
on .it be could make out. But .the
chance of old Jacobs being out of the
way wouldn't let him go. So he
shoved one head against the wall to
steady himself, put one hoof on the
Kuoo anu squirmed up by the door.
Down he camo before he reached the
card, but 'he was up again soon and
spelling oat the writing for all he was
worth. You bet it made him sick."
What was it? Death in tee fam
ily' ".Notaiuoh."
What then?" .
" 'Fresh piim.' "2 1, Germl. .
A PRECIOUS GEM.
Tho finding- of a Great Africa Iilamoad
and. Its Transportation to London.
An Amsterdam correspondent tells
the story of the immense African dia
mond, weighing 457 carats in the
rough, which is in process of being cut
by Mr. Jac jues Metz, one of the larg--est
diamond-cutters of that c'.ty. The
stone i said to have a somewhat
curious history, and. though its exact
birthplace is only a matter of con
jecture, it is known that it was found
by somebody in one of the four mines
of Kiuiberly. in the Cape Colony, South
Africa. It is said that in June or July
of last year one of the surveillance
o'dicers of the Central Mining Com
pany in the Kimberly mine found tho
stone, and. be ng exempt from seaia-h.
carried it through tho searching-house
unperceived. and sold it to four irreg
ular dealers for $15,000. Before leav
ing the province thenew ownersL"ad. a:
night of drinking and gambling, which
ended in two of them becoming its
owners int-ad of four. The two own
ers escaped the secret police and
reached ( 'ape Town, where they found
a dealer who readily pa.d them $95,000
for the stone. .There is an export duty
on diamonds shipped from Cape Col
ony of one-fourth per cent, but it
appears that this stone was smuggled
out of the colony by a passenger on
tho mail steamer and brought to Lon
don, where its presentation at Hntton
Garden created a great sensation. A
former res.dent at the Capo mines man
aged to form a company of eight per
sons who bought tho stone uetween
them for r5225,Ol0 cash, on condition
that the seller or sellers should re
ceive a n;nth share of the eventual
profits. The real value of the stono
has been estimated at London at
above 81,000.000. According to tho
rules of valuation of the famous Taver
ne r diamond, its valuo would be
84.166.980. The correspondent says
that the art of diamond-polishing ex
isting in Amsterdam for more than
three centuries has been brought to
such perfection that it is expected that
this stone, weighing in the rough 457
carats (and said to be whiter ami pur
er than any of it lrstorical predeces
sors), will" lose in working much less
than other famous stones; that it will
be more rap dly finshed. and it has
every chance of remaining the larg
est "a"d finest diamond of the whole
world. -To enter into comparisonsT"
lv. ays. "the Great Mogul, now in
the Persian trcasun-, weighed in tho
rough 787 carats, but through the inca-pa-
ty of the Venetian workman, the
stono" lo3t in cutting 507 carats. Shah
Jehan. instead of paying for the work,
made the workman pay him a fine of J0.
00i) rupees, and would have taken more
if he had it As it is. the stone is vet
tho largest of all known, weighing now
280 carats. The net in size is the Or
lofi. forming the top of the imperial
Kuss an scepter, and we shs 195 ca
rats. Tiii stono formed one oyc of a
Brahm n idol, and was stolen bv a
French soldier who fell in love with the
beautiful eyes of the Indian goddess.
Next in weight follows the recent, ono
of the French crown diamonds. In its
roujjh state it -weighed 210 carats; it
took two years to cut it and 20,000
francs worth of Jdiamoud powder was
used in its polishing. Its present
weight is 186 7-S carats. Next we
come to the Koh-i-noor, tho propertv
of Her Ma'etv. the Queen of Great
Brita'n. The stouc was first cut in
"Indie" holding 180 1-2 carats, but t
missed all the tire that such a masnif
cent stone ought to possess. Henci
tho Queen had it recut in the brilliant
form by the eminent cutter Voorz
angcr. espee nlly ordored to London
for the purpose. The cutting was per
formed in a masterly manner, and,
though losing 81 1-2 carats in workin jr
the stone was trebled in value. Th
Star of the J-outh has also been pol
ished h'-r mi Amsterdam, at the mil s
of the late Mr, Coster. It is in the
shape of an oval br'.ll'ant, and now
weighs 125 1-16 carats. Manufaclur
iV Jeweler.
RECALLING A NAM .
An, Herculean Tilc Which Interferes With
the Muiiiberi or Many Good C':M
zen. It requires more of an effort to re
member something once forgotten than
it doe-, to learn somethinff new. Manv
a man lias tossed on his bed at n ght
trying to rem-mber a name of no iiu
portauce whatever. Th s is the way t
usuaily comes about: "Lot me see. It
was in the spring of fifty-seven, I be
lieve. An old follow named named
what was ins name? I'll think of t
after awhile. Strange I can't think of
that name. It was at the end of mv
tougue a minute ago. Pshaw! Well
no matter." He proceeds with his
story, but- he is not satisfied. The
name would add nothing to the story,
but the narrator does not like to be
beaten in that way, and at night while
even one else is asleep, he "flops"
over" and over, frying to think of the
name. He begins at A and s4owly
sounds the letters of the alphabet, but
receives no clew to the whereabouts of
the absconding cognomen. He gives it
up a do eti times, and resolves
to have nothing more to do with
it, but the first thing he knows
he is hard at work again. He
dozes, but awakes and resumes h s
search. He gets up. goes to the water
bucket and just as he raises the dipper
to his lips, the name pops into his
head. "Humph"" he grunts, "why
didn't I think of it at first? Old man
Catswell! Catswell, Ca'tswell! 1 knew
it began with a C." He knew no such
thing. "Catswell! Well. I'll declare!"
He goes back to bed and repeats the
name over and over again. The next
morning, the firt thing he does, is to
refer to the story again, but harrass
ing circumstance, the name anain
eludes him. He knows that it begins
with an S. He remembers it finally,
and is surprised that he forgot it began
with a C. In the reduction of flesh,
the Banting system can not rival this
process. It is said that when a Rus
sian is trying to recall the name of a
friend, be shuts himself in a room and
permits no one to see him until he has
passed through the terrible trial. One
of the Russian Generals, whose awful
name figured conspicuously in a recent
war, once tried to recall the uncom
promising name of a relative. He went
into a closet. When he went in he
was a fat man. When he came out
he was offered a position in a side show
to do the liht work that is generally
assigned to the liv ngskeleton. Arkats
saw Tracc'er.
A well educated 3-oung lady in
Richmond wants a position as teacher
in Danville. She has passed the gig
gling age. but i cot t o old to be a
very agreible comnan on. and the edi
tor of this paper can heartily recom-
mtnil li-T tn htiv f:innlv lirno n in.
tell'gont teacher and companion. Dan-
tctff iVu.)Iiegi kr."
National Bank!
COX.'
Aitkerized Capital,
Paid In Capital,
Sirplis aid Pretts,
$250,000
60,000
13,000
OFTICXBS AND l EJECTORS.
a
A. ANDERSON, Fres't.
SAM'L C. SMITH, VicePres't.
O. T. ROEN, Cashier.
J. VT. EARLY,
HERMAN OEHLRICH,
W. A. MCALLISTER,
G. ANDERSON,
1. ANDERSON.
Foreign and Inland Exchange, Passage
Tickets, ana Real Estate Loans.
-a-.vol-lJJ-ly
BTJSIHESS CARDS.
D.T. MABTYir, M. D. F. J. ScuUG, M.D.
Dre. XABTYH ft 8 CHUG,
U. S. Examining Surgeons,
Local Surpeons. Union Pacific, O., N.
& IS. II. and B. & M. R. R's.
Consultations iu German and English.
Telephones at office and residences.
"Office on Olive street, next to Rrod
feuhrer'h Jewelry Store.
COLUMBUS, - NEBRASKA.
42-y
C.
II. EVAN'S, m. D.,
PHYSICIAN AND SUBGEON.
t3rOflii:e and rooms, Gluck building,
11th street. Telephone commun. cation.
y
F. F. HL.1.1ER, Iff. DM
HOMCEOPATHIST.
CTaroaie Diseases and Diseases of
Childrem a Specialty.
dTOffice on Olive street, three doors
north of First National Bank. 2-ly
tt J. nuoso.f ,
NOTAliY PUBLIC,
2th Street, i doors nest of Hammond lloase,
Columbus, Neb. 491-
J CL REEDER,
A TTOR2TEY AT LAW,
Office on Olive St., ColumbU9, Nebraska
3-tf
HIO.XEY TO L,OAIf .
Five vear9 time, on improved farms
with at least oue-fourth the acreage under
cultivation, in sums representing one
third the fair value of tbe homestead.
Correspondence solicited. Address,
M.K.TURNER.
50- Columbus, Nebr.
V. A. MACEEN,
DKALXKRT
Foreign and Domestic Liquors and
Ciyars.
llth street. Columbu9, Neb. 50-y
VrcALLlSTER BROS.,
"" ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
Office up-9tairs in McAllister's build
ing, llth St. W. A. McAllister, Notary
Public.
TOB.1 TIMOTHY,
NOTARY PUBLIC AND CONVEYANCER.
Keeps a full line of stationery and school
supplies, and all kinds of ical form?,
luhures against fire, lightning, cyclone
and tornadoes. Office in Powell's Block,
Platte Centei. 19-x
J. M. MACTARLAND, B. R. COWDERT,
At::rs74Ketsi7Pal:re. C:Ui::k.
LAW AND COLLECTION OFFICE
OF
MACFARliAND& COWDBRx.
Columbus, : : : Nebraska.
J. J. IflAUGHAIV,
Justice, County Surveyor, Notary,
Land and Collection Agent.
JglTParties desiring surveying done can
otify me by mail at Platte Centre, Neb.
noti
51-0m
JOHN O. 1IIGGINS. C. J. GAKLOW,
Collection Attorxey.
HIGGIHS &GARL0W,
ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW,
Specialty made of Collections by C. J.
Garlow. 34-3m
T II.RUSCIIE,
llth St., opposite Lindell Hotel.
Sells Harness, Saddles, Collars, Whips,
Blankets. Curry Combs, Brushes, trunks,
valises, buggy tops, cushions, carriage
trimmings, fec, at the lowest possible
prices. Repairs promptly attended to.
TAKES SAX-flO,
CONTRACTOR AND BUILDER.
Plans and estimates supplied for either
frame or brick buildings. Good work
guaranteed. Shop on 13th Street, near
St. Paul Lumber Yard, Columbus, Ne
braska. 52 6mo.
t H. LAHRE.ItE,
DEPUTY CO. SURVEYOR.
Will do -general surveying in Platte
and adjoining counties. Inquire at the
Court House.
COLUMBUS,
NEBRASKA.
17-tf
IOTICE TO TEACHERS.
J. E. lioncrief, Co. SupL,
Will be in his office at the Court House
on the third Saturday of each
month for the purpose of examining
applicants for teacher's certificates, and
for the transaction of any other business
pertaining to schools. 567-y
JS. MTJRDOCK & SON,
Carpenters and Contractors.
Havehad an extended experience, and
will guarantee satisfaction in work.
All kinds of repairing done on short
notice. Our motto is, Good work and
fair prices. Call and give us an oppor
tunity to estimate for you. fyshop on
18th SL,one door west of Friedhof &
Co's. store, Columbus. Nebr. 483-v
o. c. siTAisnsrcxisr
MANUFACTURER OF
Tin and Sheet-Iron Ware !
Job-Work, Eoofing aid Gutter
ing a Specialty.
t-sTShop on Olive Street, 2 doors
north of lirodfeuhrcr's Jewelry Store.
JC-y
ANDROMEDA'S NEW STAR
Moat Probably World In Proeata of Tear
tarltloo. Even to those of us who are not as
tronomers, the recent appearance of a
new star in Andromeda is a fact of tbe
utmost interest and picturesqueness.
The nebular hypothesis teaches that all
heavenly bodies, including our own sun
and its attendant planets, were formed
by the slow cooling of gases, first into
molten masses of red-hot solid mate
rial, slowly to go on cooling and con
tracting while describing their appoint
ed courses in space.
The ex.stence of nebula; or cloud-liko
masses of star matter in the heavens
has furnished a strong support to tho
theory, but until now no one of the
nebulrc has afforded us u sight of that
consummation to which the hypothesis
assumes that their existence and nature
tend; no nebula) has finished the pro
cess of world parturition and brought
-forth-its voang inur presence.
That is seemingly what has now oc
curred. Tho lirst and most natural as
sumption of astronomers is that the
nebula; which star-gazers have watched
and studied through ages ha- at last
given birth to a sun or a system, and
thus set the seal of observed fact upon
the theory that worlds and suns and
systems are born of star mists in that
wav.
Tho assumption that this is what has
happened receives support from facts
already observed. The nebula in
which tho new star appears differs
from other cloud-like masses of the
kind in a way wh:ch seems to iudicato
its greater advancement toward the
crisis of world formation. Tho spec
trum of other nebula? is that of heated
gases: tho spectrum of th s one is
that whi;'h is given by solid or mol
ten masses, or by gases iu a state of
oxtreme compression and condensa
tion. In a word, thn spectrum of the
nebula indicates that it i- in precisely
the state in which, according to the
nebular theory, it should begin to
collect its matter into stars.
Again, when lli2 new star was first
seen it was apparently only a "star
lko nucleus," which has rapidly de
veloped into a star of the eighth or a
greater magnitude. Here, again, we
nave a strong sugge;t:o:i of actual star
formation in our presence.
If that is what has happened, the
occurrence is unquestloaablr the most
important one in its bearings upon the
advance of certain knowledgo in
astronomy that has occurred since
men first began to rocord the results
of heavenly observations.
Whatever the explanation may be,
the fact is certain that a new star has
appeared where there was none be
fore. If it has not been newly
fonflcd there, it must be what is
called a "variable." that is to say,
a star whose brightness undergoes a
periodical iucreaso and diminution,
and if so. its period of variat'on must
be so great that its last previous ac
cess of br ghtness occurred thousands
of years ago, before the date when or
derly astronomy records were begun.
Commercial Advertiser.
A SECOND-HAND SUIT.
The Kind ofn Joke Not Klii'ieil by Detroit
D:j-n!tarlr.
"I pelief I want somemorelawsu'ts,"
said Mr. Dnnder. as he entered the
Central Station in a highly indignant
state of mind yesterday.
What's the matter this time'"
asked the Captain.
"Vhcll. I vhant a suit of clothes, you
know. Dot oldt suit vhas no good any
more. My wife she feols ashamed of
me. und my poy Shako looks me all
oafer und says:
Fadder. peeples vhas shudged by
'or r0r fl-ins nn Ht5r hanta mnrn h an
odder vhay. If vou don't get some
new clothes peoples vhill Bay our pees- j
ness vhas all gone to pieces.
"Dot Shake vhas a shmart boy to
reason like dot. und I see how it vhas.
I go oop on Michigan avenue last night
to puy me some suits. Vhell. I look
una look. Some vhas for four dollar
and some for ten. Kaferythings vhas t
warranted not to fade, und to lit me '
like a clock. You see dis suit?" t
-Yes."
"You like him?"
"No. That's a second-hand suit and
as homelv as sin."
"You vhas righL He ask me nine ,
dollar for dis suit, but I don't take I
him. I laugh at him. 1 mako fun of
him. By und by I feel in dcr pants
pockcL Dere vhas some pocket-book
m dere."
"Left there bv the former owner of,
the su t?"
'Dot's how 1 pelief."
"Felt pretty bulky, didn't it?"
Felt shust like it vhas crowded mit
greenbacks, andl feels tickled all oafer.
Captain, I pnys dot suit queek as light
ning." Of course."
"Und I runs haif do vhay homo only
to find dot it vhas an empty pocket
book. Here it vhas."
"Worth about ten cents."
"Dot's vhat Shake says. Captain, I
shall see dot man."
"You can't."
But I vha3 shw ndled!"
'You swindled yourself."
Can't I do sometings?"
"Not a thing."
"Vhell! vheel' Captain. I like to
shpoke to you."
Go on."
"I pays taxes in two wards, and I
vhas nominated for Alderman. I can't
shtand such shokes on me. I shall go
oop to dot blace to-day. I shall take
dot shwindler by der neck und fling
him down, und vhen he vhas down I ,
shall sit on him und make him eat dis .
pocket-booi:! If some clerks interfere
it shall be badt for 'em. and if some
boleece come aroundt I vhas a danger-
ous man. Captain. I
time! Hist! S'ieath!
warns you m
iveeu ou uer
grass.'
OPIUM IN CHINA.
A Great Crime Carried on With thn Con- i
eat of An Insincere GoYernmtMit. '
Opium is like slavery, or like feudal
Ism it has grown upon China by the
influences of outside nations. The
Chinese complain a great deal
about the policy of Great Britain in
forcing opium upon the country; but
then, when we consider the fact that '
China herself, under the policy of some
of the Viceroys, ha; been growing,
opium in the hope of driving out the
Indian crop, it really was not a matter
of discussion, because you were com- I
peiled to see that they lacked candor 1
and were disingenuous in the:r opposi- ,
tion to the opium traffic I presume
that the opium trade will end in this
way. that China will grow her own
onfum and orobablv extinruiflh the In
dian trade. Tho Chinese opium is not !
as good as the Indian opium, but in
talking to the officials about the opium
nnact nn ini in rpmnnstmHnir with
' them upon their encouraging its
growth in their province, and saying
that this course on the r part led to a
distrust of their candor in asking for
eign governments to prevent the
trade, their response was: "If
wo must Like opium, lot us raise iL'' I
would say to them that I thought, con
sidering the conditions of the Chinese
population, the want of food and the
necessity, as youjmight say, gf cultivat
ing every foot of grouud. that it might
bo bettor to give the acres where they
grew tho poppy to wheat, or millet, or
corn, or some othe footl. and that the
giiingup of so much terr tory to poppv
led to the occasional famines. Hut they
had the theory that by growing the
poppy themselves they could prevent
tho importation of tho Indian crop. Li
always said that if thoy had control of
the opium trade they would stop it by
an edict from the throne; but I questiou
that vory much. Opuni. liko any othor
vice, will take a generation or two to
eradicate. It has gone too far now to
be held in check bv anv legislative or
frostri tivo measure. The suppression
of opium in China would. I think, mean
revolution, and the (iovcrument is not
prepared to meet that contingency. At
the same time it is a gre it curse and a
great crime. John Ilussell Young, in
N. Y. Herald.
BUILDING HOUSES.
A IInmorUt'4 Ailvica to a You-ia
Who l)pslro to Ilrt Kti Architect.
So you are going to bo an architect
my son? Well, that is a good what do
you architects call it. profession? What
ever you call it. it is a good calling.
Now. I'll tell you what I would do if I
were an architoqt. I would learn to
build a house. You pay close attention
to that department of architecture, my
son, learn to plan a home and it will
put money in your purse. But all
I arcu.tects plan houses; tnat is wnat
j they do?' Oh, no. my son; oh. no.
1 "Men have been planning aud building
house ever since tho ev ction at Eden,
and thoy haven't succeeded in makiug
a model yet. All the architectur.il
genius in tho world hasn't succeeded in
designing a housts that is perfectly sat
isfactory to anybotly,"and as to build
injr a house that w.U tit everybody
why. there's the b:ge?t bonanza In
Ophir County waiting for the man who
can give us that house. Now, tho tailor
has attained a perfection iu his art to
wh ch the arch tect is a stranger. He
has designed suits that are models for
all civilized men. Wheu Mr. Vandcr
bilt wants a dress su.t his tailor makes
him one just like the one he made for
the head waiter. And when the head
waiter wants a dress suit the tailor
g ves h m one like unto that which Mr.
Vanderbilt owes for. The Pr nco Al
bert which you wear, my son. is like
unto the ono which tho Priuce wears.
The tailor lias made a coat which fits
us all, and we want the architect to
make us an easy, comfortable, respect
able looking house. If it takes nine
tailors to make a man. where aro tho
architects? If you are going to be an
architect, my boy, remember what I
tell you: Learn " to build a house.
Burdelte, in Brooklyn Eagle.
Avoiding Dead Furrows.
How to avoid the nuisance of "dead
furrows" is a problem with all farm
ers who have regard for the appear
ance of their fields and is especially
to bt desired where irrigation is prac
ticed, or where a Held is to b. sown in
alfalfa or other crop to be mown, and
it is desired to secure absolute uniform
ity in the surface of the ground.
Whoa a field is plowed in lands, turn
ing the furrows outward, tho result
will be a dead furrow in the center,
and one from each corner runn ng
diagonally to the main one. In this
way. too. it will bo found that the
team will do all the turning on plowed
ground, and so large a patch in every
land will be trodden down and left i-i
almost a bad a condition as if it hud
ntjver been plowed. If a Held -c
plowed in small lands, the result U a
nones of alternate dead furrows and
ridges, extremely unsightly, as well
as ditiicult for tho operation of the
mower and hay-rake, not to mention
ihu almost utter impossibility of
properh irrigating such a field if de
sired, as tho'major part of tho water
applied will of course settle iu the
hollows of the dead furrows and
leave the ridjes untouched. In order
to plow a Held without making a
dead furrow, then, commence at the
middle and tu-n all the furrow in
ward. If a right-hand plow U used,
the team will do all their turniug on
unplowed land, and thus avoid tramu
ling uUn and packing the loose soil
After the field has been plowed tne
slight ndire formed by the first two
furrows "thrown aga nst each other
may be removed by a couple of back
furrow, and when properh harrowed
the Held will be found as level as a
fioor. aud superior in every way to
those plowed in other styles. San
Francisco Chronicle.
A TOOTH DESTROYER.
The Excessive Ue of I ouimon Salt 1rtt
SolTent t Human Treth.
At a recent meeting of the New York
Odontologial Society. Dr. E. Tarmly
Brown said: I will venture the asser
tion that the excessive use of common
salt Ls one of the main factors in the
destruction of human teeth to-day. 1
am now engaged in collecting some
statistics on th s point, from which I
hope in time to demonstrate, what
seems to me to be a fact, that common
salt excessively ued is a sreat solvent
of the human teeth. If it will iniure
the human teeth through the chemistry
of our systems n some way or other,
why might it not al-o have the ellectof
preventing a good d -ve'opnient of the
teeth when taken into the sys'em inev
coss? I have lately procured some sti
Ustics from the Sandwich Islands, from
a gentleman who has beei there, cover
ing a period of over forty years, that
are very suggestive andinteretinr.
Within "that per.od the teeth of the
Sandwich Islanders havedecaj-ed rapid
ly, and since thev have begun to decay.
it has been notced that the natives
are in the habit of biting off great
chunks of salt and eat'ng it with their
food. According to all accounts th
teeth of the Sandw ch Islanders were
formerly the mot free from decay
of anv people on the face of the earth,
if 1 remember rightly. You will find
that people who eat a great deal of
salt and a great deal of sugar arc often
entirely toothless. I Know several in
stances of candy-store keepers where
three generations are entirelv tooth
less. People who cat an cx-rssivo
amount of salt are tempted to eat large
quantities of candy, pickles and v n
gdr. There seems lo bet crav n-; or
those substauccs a:tr .he execs jv uo
of salt Boston Budget.
A LA BERTHA CLAY.
A. Ramtwcti WlUtoat Lt-, Cmc
the Sol Par-pea Mkla ta WrM
Better.
It was a cottage over-looking the see.
From its door, over which tho roses
climbed, one could look out , on the
white-winged ships sailing to and fro.
and down upon a beach on which the
waves were over gently breaking.
The only drawback was the fact that
old Smith had a mortgage on the said
cottage, and that the sewerage about
the place was defective.
It was early iu the morning. The
bright sun was just rising from his bed
in tho blue, blue sea; the lark rose from
tho meadow and soared toward heav
en; tho low of kino was heard on every
baud, aud the silent watches of night
were about to give place to the bustle of
a glorious day. One who stood and drank
in the picture would have felt eutranced.
It doesn't cost cent to get that
way, and it is twenty per cent cheaper
than, working up an enthusiasm by the
use of lager t.ecr.
Suddenly tho door was opened aud a
merry laugh was heard. Ihu fair Kthel
had left her couch to greet the rising
sun. As she stood amidst tho roses, hur
brown eyes sparkling with enthusiasm
hor cheeks glowing with health ixer
golden hair ligaU'd up by the beams of
the morning sun. she was the picture of
a queen.
I had forgotten to say that she had a
sylph-like form. This is au oversight
for which I cau never forgive myself,
and 1 hope the reader will not bear
down in malice.
Even the lark paused in his flight to
look back at the beautiful picture, and
the blue-birds which flitted from rose to
rose sang sweeter songs, as if to honor
her. For a moment tho fair Ethel
stood thus, and then she descended the
steps aud glided toward tho gate.
Sho wasn't on roller sliates, but
glided is an expression which I hunted
lor half a day. aud which 1 am tloter
mined to uso if it breaks a leg.
At the gate she paused. Onco moro
she surveyed the placid sea the ro
mantic beach the rosy eastern horizon.
Sho was alone with Nature for the mo
ment. Her bosom heaved, her eyes
grew brighter, and it was evident
that the inspiration was on her. Sho
was about to .-.peak, .hist at tho in
stant when her nibv lips were about to
part there was a bang on the cottage
door and a gruff vole called out:
"What in bla es are you doing out
there when your mother is sick and 1
want breakfast in a hurry!"
Tho long eye-Iashcs of the beautiful
Kthel hid "the spark e of her eys; her
classic chin drooped; a look of sorrow
crossed her face; for a moment she
stood tho picture of despair, and the
stoniest heart mti3t have been uie ted
by her att.tudc. Then she sweetly an
swered: "I stuck my hunk of gum on th- gate
post last night, aa I 1 11 be jugged if
some slaU-sido.l slug of hun unity hasn't
come along and gobbled it!"
Tli-s story didn't have any villain in
it. There was no love. There was no
grievous trials for any ouc to pas
through, and no narrow en-apes t chill
the blood. Tho solo id a was ti mako
th world bettor. Good-bye. De'iuit
Free Frets.
SACK NUMBER B03.
A Man Who ITan Couiplrti- K.lr of Sw
I:pr fur ?.lt".
In a crowded little basement in upper
Broadway, that was light,.! by giiui
niering gas-cts. a jolly coloird man in
the prime of life, vrirh a .oliy smile on
hi face and a tall hat on Lis iiead. w:ls
swiftly sorting newspapers ou a counter.
Under his feet, over his hc.nl. mid on
either side of him as he stoxl working
were other newspapers al! sorted out
and tied up iu bun:il-s. w ti iapor t.igs
dangling from the strings Newspaper
cl ppings 111 glass frauies, musty old
books and cimous old maps 1 H d up
all the little remaining p;iec that was
not jammed with newspapers.
"Sir," he said, pl.-asantly. to tho re
porter who called, "there is 110L a news
paper published in the town that 1 can't
get you a copj of inside of live minute,
no matter whether it is the first issue
that is wanted or to-day's."
"How do you manage it?
"Wh, I .iue made it a business to
collect "papers all nix life, and now I've
got it down to a 51 stem ami am makiug
a living of live hundred dollars a year
from that branch of my trade alone.
Orders come to me now from all over
the country, and the newiinen them
selves have nicknamed 1110 latk Num
ber Bob.' It took an awful deal of
time to get complete i les. but I ue
cecded at last by advertising for them,
and now 1 make it pay me to keep tho
files complete.
Every day in the year at least one
person comes or sends to me for: copies
that they can't get anywhere else, and
pav big for them."
"What is it worth to till orders?"
"It depends on the dates wanted.
The regular schedule of prices runs tts
follows for each ropy Under fifteen
days old, five cents premium; undor
thirty days, ten cents; ou- thirty days,
five cents extra for each add tional
month; a year old. fifty c-nts; each ad
ditional year, twenty-five cents.
"The "bu iucss has grown so." said
Back Number Bob cheerfully, "that I
have been compelled to give orders to a
man to fit me up a storage room out of
town. Now I am saving twenty copies
of all the dailies published in town, aud
if the busiunss continues to boom 1 11
have to double that number. I find
that it's a very pleasant oi:cupatiou."
N. Y. Sun.
' That Only Tree in Iceland.
Some of you perhaps have heard of
the one tree in Iceland; a dwarfed
thin"" that people wrap in clothes each
winter to protect it from the cver ty of
frosts. I had often been told aud had
read of this wonder, ami u turally was
anxious to see it, but to-d .3- iu Reykja
vik I came upon three as large and
handsome mountaiu ash or roan trees
as I remember ever of .-eeing. Stand
ing about twenty five feet iu height,
they spread their brn. he- over a .urge
area, and are to all appearances
health v. ilourish.itg tiees. of which the
people take no more ca- tl.an we in
ou" v.':rmcr c mate do of o is. Here,
too. I saw sc-.cral pe-iple preparing to
put white aw nmg orer their doors and
wisdows cr building cloth-covered
bower in their very small gardens in
whichjjto spend the loug summer even
ing's when it is not evening, but broad
daylight. Cor. Pittsburgh Dhpalclu
m m m
The Spectator, of Loudon, finds
that terse directness Ls becoming a char
aeteristic of American authorship and
often lends a peculiar dignity to con
laaperary American literature.
jgr?-
'-i