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THE JOURNAL.
WEDNESDAY, DEC. 5, 1883.
Zsttrti it tie P:rt:2:, Cefcstea. Hit., u utzzi
dits Elite:.
2!ff MYSTERY SOLVED.
"What is that, mother that curious thing'.
Ambling: the streets with a languid swing;
With a spike-tail coat, a gorgeous vest
And eye-glass dangling on his breast;
With dog-skin gloves and bell-crowned hat.
And such poor, thin legs, and a stomach flat?
Eerie and weird it looks to me.
Oh, mother, what can the creature be?
Oh, hush, child! hush! 'tis no goblin rude
lis only a harmless little 'dude! "
"But what is a Mudc?' Oh, mother dear.
How did they make a thing so queer?
Did it grow while we were fast asleep,
Like the grass and the geeso and the pretty
sheep?
Do rou think that Barnum drew the plan.
To have something new for his caravan?
It walks like a chicken. Can it fly?
Will you tell me about it by-and-by?"
"There's little to tell, my child; 'Us plain
Tis theurm of a man with a monkey' brcun.
Lucy 31. Blinn. in the Continent.
ABOUT HATS.
The Hat in Literature and Sentiment.
It's strange how hats expand their brims as
riper years invade.
As if, when life had reached its noon, it
wanted them for shade."
"Shoot the hat!" cries the youthful
street Arab whenever a particu
larly fashionable and elegant tile passes'
by. His remark is an abridgement of
history, and had its origin, no doubt,
with the renowned William Tell. Noth
ing would give the street gamin more
pleasure than the destruction of this
badge of aristocracy, which to his dem
ocratic fancy is very offensive, for he is
a reader of 'character, and at once de
cides in his own mind that a fine glossy
stove-pipe hat must of necessity belong
either to a dandy a creature he de
spises or a newly-married man, his
legitimate prey. He knows that a man
who amounts to anything usually wears
a shocking bad hat, with dents and dis
figurements enough to givo it character,
and he has great respect for that kind
of Jiat, and can easily distinguish it
from the battered and disreputable sort
that has been out over night with a
'brick" in it. And the boy is right.
A new hat has nothing to commend it.
There is no individuality in it; it is sim
ply a piece of merchandise; it has no
idiosyncrasies; no magnetism. Let a
party of gentlemen go out of a public
hall or dining room and ask for their
hats; Smith gets Brown's hat. They
are both 7 J size; both look the same out
wardly; Brown puts his on; his head at
once becomes as uneasy as the one that
wore a crown; he slants it down over
his bump of benevolence; he tips itover
on combativeness, then he tears it off
and says: "This isn't my hat," just as
Smith offers his solo: "This isn't my
hat." They exchange, and the two hats
that are as much alike as two peas fit
their respective heads as if they had
been molded into them.
The hat is .so much a part of a man
that it becomes responsive to his actions
and opinions, and a silent but active
expression of his thoughts. "Hats off,"
cries an authority, and off they go. You
will know a gentleman by the manner
of his touching his hat. It is a royal
salute when lifted with a chivalrous
hand. That business pendulum be
tween the upper and the lower world
the elevator may be filled with men
all with their hats on; enter, one little
weak, defenseless woman, instantly
even' hat is doffed. Why, they couldn t
do more than that for the Queen of
England! And it is thus they recog
nize the queen of womanhood.
The hat is often a vehicle for the
transmission of charities. It was a col
ored minister who sent his hat down
from the pulpit by his ancient deacon
and received it back empty. The old
J ircacher was equal to the occasion; he
ooked into the hat then at his people.
"Let us pray,'' he said, "and tank de
Lawd I got my hat back from dis con
gregation." A woman's hat has no value, it can
not be used to take up a collection or
bail out a boat, nor can she cover her
face with it at church while she says her
prayers, like him of whom a poet
wrote:
" To church he went with head bowed down
To read 'best waterproof within the crown."
Women's hats are not historic if we ex
cept the Gainsborough hat of the lovely
Countess of Devonshire. Rubens
painted the hat into immortality.
A political mass meeting is the place
to study hats - one in Chicago, for in
stance, when Long John, Daddy Hal
pine and a few other notables were
presenL The Republican hat was a
soft, wide-awake; the Democratic hat a
stiff beaver with the nap crushed the
wrong way, and it had a tread-on-my-coat-tails-if-you-dare
air about it. It
was well pulled back and the brim
spread like an awning.
There is the weuding hat when
grandpa was a young man and it,
though napless, has still an air of hav
ing ceen asleep for a quarter of a cen
tury. When a hat gets old enough it
becomes picturesque and has a pathetic
side, too, like the hat of the old school
master; We sat down in a row to see
His worn-out hat come up the hilL
Twas hanging up at home a quill
. Notched down and sticking in the baud."
The tall hat enjoys the distinction of
being the only one that can be used as
a memorial to jrrief.
Sundays all day in the door he sat,
A string of withered-up crape on his hat;
The crown had fallen airainst his head.
And half-sewed in with a shoemaker's
thread.
Sometimes with his hard and toil-worn hand
He would smooth ami straighten the faded
baud:
Thinking, perhaps, of a little mound
Black with nettles the whole year round."
There is a heroic quantity in a hat,
too, as Bret Harte tells us in his fine
poem John Burns, of Gettysburg, of
whom he recites:
He wore a broad-brimmed, bell-crowned
hat,
White as the locks on which it sat.
And striplings downy of lip and chin.
Clerks that the home guards mustered in;
Glanced as they parsed at the hat he wore
Then at the ritle his right hand bore.
m
m How are you. white hat? Put her through.
Your head's level ! Bully for you."
But later on they learned to respect
that old white hat. when the soldiers
declared:
That the gleam of his old white hat afar.
Like the crested plume of the brave Na
varre: That day was their oriflamme of wat "
There is a religious look about some
hats as the shovel hat of the clergy,
the scarlet hat of the cardinal, to which
frequent allusion is made in Shake
speare. "That out of mere ambition ytra have
caused your hat to be stamped on the
King's coin," says the noble Suffolk to
Cardinal Woolsey, in Henry VHL
"Under my feet I stamp thy cardi
nal's hat," Gloster vehemently declares.
"What, man, ne'er pull yo'ur hat up
on your brow," protests Malcom.
There is the broad-brim of the Quak
er, sectarian in its might but gracious
and benevolent as well. And there are
?atriotic hats like the old Continental,
he hat was a dividing line between the
Cavaliers and the Roundheads. History
has many allusions to remarkable and
distinguishing hats. Some one gives us
this:
"Beyond the Egyptian room in th
Louvre there used to be the cocked hat
of the' Emperor Napoleon. There was
magic in it; it seemed to radiate power
nd glory as from a sun. Beside it
were the green coat, the breeches, the
hofc of the great m; all hung ore
with interest and curiositv by visitors.
But it was the little cocked" hall, that hid
the 6cheeming and insatiable brain
which chiefly nvitcd all eyes."
An Indian chief considers himself in
full 'dress when he is arrayed in hoop-ear-rings
and a tall silk hat, and there
is probably no single object of civilized
clothing which is as much admiredbv
both the men and women of the aborigi
nal races.
While an old hat may be very dilapi
dated and yet retain the marlcs of bet
ter days, there are hats that fall very
low in the world, such as the tramp's
hat, which seems to shrink away and
be ashamed of the bad company into
which it has fallen. It is usually a
slouch hat, not the rakish slouch of the
brigand, but the furtive slouch of the
creature of the slums. A bot's hat
with the rim torn off is always a pic
ture. An old round hat without a brim,
Was all he had to cover him."
Whittier does not forget that crown
ing touch to his barefoot boy:
With the sunshine on thy facts
Through thy torn brim's Jaunty grace."
A hat is an important faetor in de-'
portment. To lift it from the head
gracefully, give it just the requisite tilt, I
and restore it to its original position, is j
a wort oi art. some people cung 10
their hats as a drowning man clings to
a straw. They seem to think it some
kind of an explosive substance, and if
they let go of it that it will go off. An
illustrated paper lately gave a spicy
picture in which a gentleman who is
making a call resigns bis silk hat, and
when he rises to go finds that the small
boy of the family has been making an
opera crush of" it, and that it now re
sembles an accordion more than a hat.
It wUl be remembered that when Joe
Gargery ate that memorable breakfast
with Pip, and being "invited to sit
down to table, looked all round the
room for a suitable spot on which to de
posit his hat as if it were only on some
few very rare substances in nature that
it could find a resting-place and ulti
mately stood it on an extreme corner
of the chimney-piece from which it ever
after fell off at intervals. Indeed, it de
manded from him a constant attention
and a quickness of eye and hand very
like that exacted by wicket-keeping.
He made extraordinary play with it,
and showed the greatest skill, now rush
ing at lit Jind .catching it neatly as it
dropped; now merely stopping it midway;-
beating it up and humoring it in
various parts of the room, and against a
good deal of the pattern of the paper on
the wall before he felt it safe to close
with it; finally splashing it into tho
slop-basin, when I took the liberty of
laying hands on it" Detroit Post and
Tribune.
Old-Time Stores and Their Contents.
The stores of that day differed materi
ally from those of the present, since tho
numbering of houses was then unknown
and every store was recognized by its
sign. The few signs which still linger
among us, like the boot over a shoeshop,
the hat over a hatter's, the spectacles
over an optician's, are reallv represent
ative of the trade within, but then no
such nicety existed, and red dogs, blue
monkeys and other extravagant notions
that the fancy of the owner chanced to
suggest were adopted without scruple
and consented to by the purchasing
public without surprise. Shopping
was not then a fashionable amusement,
the ladies of a sober turn of mind find
ing their pleasure at home in spinning
or weaving", or, if more elegantly in
clined, in embroider)' or playing on the
spinet or haqisicord. If any were of a
worldly frame of mind they diverted
themselves by calling or receiving vis
its, with quilting parties, sewing circles
and even dancing until late in the after
noon, and sometimes, to the scandal of
the neighbors, continuing the dance
after it was so dark that candles had to
be lighted. No shopping, however, was
even attempted, though the stores were
filled with goods whose names are to us
unknown. There were galloons and
silk ferrets, various kinds of linens,
silks, cambrics, Prussian bonnets and
scores of other things then used and es
teemed. The groceries and vegetable
stalls sold few of the articles we now
regard as indispensable. The tomato
was still grown in the gardens of the
rich as a curiosity, was called the
"love-apple," ami its fruit was deemed
a rank poison. There were cabbages,
but no cauliflowers nor egg plants;
oranges and bananas were not seen once
a year, while the strawberries grew wild
on the hills and were small and sour.
There were apples and pears, but all of
one kind, no varieties being then
known. The provision stores con
tained little fresh meat, especially in
summer time, for ice was not kept and
the meat soon spoiled. Salt pork and
corned beef, fish, dried apples and po
tatoes formed the greater portion of the
stock in trade, being the staple articles
of food for the most of the people.
St. Louis Globe-Democrat.
Much Learning Made Him Mad.
There was a wild scene of excitement
last evening in Paston Lawson's little
Baptist Church at Quincy Point. While
the congregation was at prayer in
rushed a man dust-stained and maniac
looking, whooping like a Comanche,
and gesticulating in a wild and delir
ious manner. Down one of the aisles he
sped, and on reaching the vicinity of
the pulpit mounted a chair and com
menced to belabor the air with a piece
of lead pipe, evidently warding off his
imaginary enemies. There was danger
that he would break somebody's head
if they came near him, and everybody
took good care to keep at a respectable
distance. In his endeavors to keep off
his supposed foes he kept continually
calling on the Deity to save him. The
women, after their first scare, rushed
out of the building to breathe a little
freer. After they were once safely out
side the maniac was entreated to "leave
the place, and said he would go with a
Catholic Clergyman. The good pastor
said he was a "minister, but the fellow
didn't take kindly to his appearand
and wouldn't budge an inch. Finally
somebody had the good sense to suggest
that an officer be sent for. Officer Hay
den soon arrived. He proceeded down
the aisle and told the fellow, who was
still perched upon the stool, that he
must go with him. He had not stopped
his gymnastic exercises, and the oflicer,
coming within range of his weapon, re
ceived a severe blow on his head. The
officer seized hold of the madman, and
with the assistance of some five or six
of the congregation succeeded in over
powering and handcuffing him. He
was then taken to the lock-up in the de
pot carriage. Before going, however,
he managed to "bite two men in the
hands badly. Previous to his escapade
in the church the man had raced madly
all around the Point and had come,
indeed, from Boston a round-about jour
ney, certainl- eighteen miles. It was
ascertained to-day that the man's name
is William Scully, that he became
crazed by much reading in the Public
Library, and under some frek took
this journey. Quincy (Mass., Special
to Chicago Herald.
A Pennsylvania schoolmarm, who
wa doing Europe, was waited upon by
a police officer in Berlin, who demanded
her passport. She had none, but,
luckily, did :not say so. After de
bating the matter for .some time,
she finally remembered that she
had an old teacher's certificate with
her. This she produced and gave to
the policeman. He carried it off to
headquarters, had it registered and
returned it next day with the remark
that hr papers were all-right Phiio,
iiifhiaPnu.
Soiling Cattle,
The question of soiling is one that
rill not attract general attention in tho
West for several years to come, and yet
If it shall ever become au important
question, it is one now. If soiling is
profitable in New England or New
York, it is profitable in the West, and
it is no part of wisdom to refuse to con
sider it, because we have an abundance
of cheaper land and think we can afford
to be profligate. The time will como
when those who till our soil will have
much more subdued ideas than we
!ave. During our lives it Is not proba
ble that the fertility of our land will be
exhausted, or that cheap land can not
be obtained. And yet the fertilty of
large sections of the country has been
exhausted during our lives," and even
in tha new West, land has risen in price
from a dollar and fifty cents an acre
to fifty nnd one hundred dollars. It
will not be very far in the future when
one man will not attempt to cultivate
an entire township, and not even a half
section. Farms will be smaller and
better cultivated; and the question
which presses for answer to-day is,
could we now not do better with less
land, if we adoptad better methods? If
we can make just as much money upon
the eighth of a section as we do upon a
quarter, we are letting the capital
which represents an eighth of a section
lie idle. A subject like soiling, there
fore, is of present interest to every man
who owns or cultivates a farm. Tho
Eas'ern advocates of the system say
that it will enable them upon their high
priced Eastern land to successfully
comp e with the beef producers on our
cheap Western lands. If that is so, and
the system should be generally adopted
in t!.e Eust. what is to become of us in
Iml.ana, Michigan, Illinois, Wisconsin,
and other Western States where im
proved farms are worth as much per
acre as land is worth in the East, unless
we too adopt the system? Prof. Stewart
regards land that "is worth fifty dollars
per acre too valuable for beef produc
tion, unless soiling is practiced. If that
Is true, thousands of our Western farm
ers are now interested in the subject.
The Rural has long recognized the fact
that much of our Western land is too
valuab!" to make beef production, un
conBfCi.ul with the dairy, profitable.
In Michigan, Illinois or Wisconsin, we
cannot hope to compete in producing
beef with those who are on the plains.
The dairy is our only salvation, and
even with that we are" not doing what
we might do, if the claims for soiling
are well founded. We do uot mean to
affirm here that they are, but simply
propose to notice them as being part
of an interesting and important matter.
Soiling is by no means a new thing,
but the slowness of people to adopt it is
no argument against it, although it
miit seem u be. Some of the most
valuable innovations have laid around
loose for vears so to speak beforo
people could get their eyes open wide
enough to discern their value. In fact,
it is common experience that an unmit
igated humbug stands a better show for
recognition than does something that is
possessed of real merit. Now, as long
ago as 1814 Josiah Quincy practiced
soiling.andin 1859 he said that it was an
error to suppose that a large extent of
land was necessary to enable the farmer
to keep many head of cattle. That mis
take, he said, led to an absolute waste
of land, in retaining a large portion of
it for pasture. He kept twenty head of
catttle upon seventeen acres by the
soiling system, and laid it down as a
fact, established by his own experience,
that one acre soiled from will produce
at least as much as three acres pastured
in the usual way; and the lowest esti
mate we think he ever made was tha'
twenty head of cattle could be kept the
year "round, under this system, upon
thirty ins of good arable land. Mr.
L D P ell, of New Jersey, says that
he kec s one hundred cows upon one
hundred acres. Prof. Stewart give?
equally favorable testimony, and he
claims to be the first writer that evei
advocated the general adoption of this
method of feeding. It is not difficult tc
understand, of course, that there must
be considerable waste in pasturing as it
isgenerally done, and there must he
some, even if it is done with much more
care than is usually exercised. The
walking over it by the cattle must de
stroy some; fouling it will destroy some
of its value as pasturage; lying on it,
breathing upon it, and preventing it
from having rapid growth, must be
detrimental. Now let us take Prof.
Stewart's figures, as found in his
work on Feeding Animals, to show
what an acre of grass, if preserved
from all these hindrances to free growth
will do. He supposes that an acre of
green red clover will weigh 20.00C
pounds, and that is rather under than
over the average weight. This would
feed twenty cows.of 800 to 1,000 pound?
weight, ten days, or one cow for 200
days. The second and third cuttings
would furnish two-thirds as much more,
or food for one cow one year. It is es
timated that millet would yield from
16,000 to 20,000 pounds per acre of food
for one cow for 200 days. Now if these
estimates are correct, the one acre
stands out as being able to furnish what
three or four acres do under the usual
method. In addition to the saving of
land which is here indicated, there
would be the saving of fences, which
is a considerable item, as all well un
derstand. But while we are not prepared to say
that soiling under all circumstances
would be desirable, under some circum
stances there is no doubt of the value ol
the system. In the spring, especially U
the season is a wet one, the damage
done to the grass by tramping is very
great. In a large field such damage
may be reckoned by hundreds of dollar
of loss. Soiling, of course, would pre
vent this. Again, it is often the case
that pastures Decome so reduced, as the
result of drought, that cattle can not bo
kept in condition upon them, and under
such circumstances at least, soiling
should be resorted to. And it is the
part of wisdom to have extra land in
grass to meet such an emergency, es
pecially as the grass may be made into
liar, if it is not needed for soiling. It
requires extra labor, of course, but that
is nothing m itself. Every grand re
sult is the result of labor, and it is not
a question, whether soiling will necessi
tate additional labor, but will it pay for
the additional labor. Western Rural
Am Extraordinary Eje.
There was an occurrence in Northern
Liberties yesterday which beyond doubt
has no parallel in any known history.
While John Daniel, or Hughes, a negro,
better known as "Pop-Eycd-John," was
walking along the street, his right eye
flopped out and fell down on his cheek,
t hung there for several minutes, and
John was frightened out of his wits for
fear he had lost his eye. He laid upon
the ground and gave vent to his grief
in loud groans, and while he was strug
gling around the eye quietly resumed
its position in the socket, and to John's
great surprise and happiness he could
see from it as well as ever. The gen
tleman who reported the occurrence to
us says that it was witnessed by seventy-five
or eighty people. Columbus
(Oa.) Enquirer.
The oil lamp, as a source of joy to
the news reporter, has lost caste, being
seldom heard from of late; but its place
is being filled by the festive and explo
sive oil-stove. A number of exchanges
are enlivened by accounts of the fatal
burning of servant girls who hare
handled there "home comforts" with
out knowing that they wen
The Agricultural Editor.
Dyke Foilescuo rambled into tn
office of a rural newspaper published in
the interest of a small class of rural
readers and named the Farmrs' Friend
and Cultivators' Champion. Dyke was
fresh from Denver, where ho had bcea
doing local work on a daily. He wanted
a situation he wanted it badly, and he
soon closed a bargain with the uronrie-
I trvr of tho Farmcrx1 Frirn.fi nnd (Uitli-
valors' Champion. The proprietor in
tended to be absent for two weeks, an!
Dyke undertook to hold the journal's
head steadih' up stream until his re
turn. " You will receive some visitors, quite
likely," said the proprietor. "Enter
tain "'em. Entertain 'em in a mannei
which will reflect credit upon the paper
They will want to talk stock, farming,
horticulture, etc., you know. Give i
to 'em strong."
Dyke bowed, borrowed a half-dollar,
got a clean shave and a glass of beer,
and soon returned to face the music and
edit the first agricultural journal with
which he had ever been connected.
" I can feel that, with my journalistic
experience, it will be just" fun to tod
an agricultural paper," said Dyke tc
himself.
At two o'clock p. m. the first visitoi
showed up at the door of the office, and
Dyke cordially invited him inside. Til
farmer entered hesitatingly and rt
marked that he had expected to mcl
the proprietor, with whom he had at
appointment to discuss ensilage.
" I am in charge of the journal," sail
Dyke.
"O, you are. Well, you seem to havi
a pretty clean office here."
"Yes," replied Dyke. "But abom
this ensilage. Ensilage is a pretty good
breed, isn't it?"
" Breed!" exclaimed the farmer,
"why"
" I mean its a sure crop; something
that you can relv "
"Crop! Why it Isn't a crop at all."
"Yes, yes," I know it isn't a crop,"
said Dyke, perspiring until his collat
began "to melt away down the back ol
his neck, "but you can do better and
cleaner work with a good sharp ensilage
on stubby ground than "
"Take it for a sulky plow, do you?"
"No, no," said Dyke. "You don't
seem to understand me. Now, if a
farmer builds an ensilage on low
jround "
"Builds an ensilage! You seem to
have got the thing mixed up with some
kind of a granarv.
"Pshaw, no,'T continued Dyke. "1
must make myself plainer. You see,
this ensilage properly mixed with one
part guano and three parts of hypophos
phate of antimony, with the additien o:
a little bran and tan-bark, and th
whole flavored with chloride of lime,
makes a top-dressing for strawberrj
beds which "
" Why, ensilage isn't no manure.'
" No.certainly not," said Dyke, "j
know it is not often used in that way
You don't catch my drift. When I said
lop-dressing I meant turkey dressing
stuffing, you know for Thanksgiv
ing" "Great heavens, man! Ensilage Isn'i
a human food!"
"No, not a human food exactly,"
said poor Dyke, grinning like an alms
house idiot, "it isn't a food at all, in the
true sense of the word. My plan has
alwa-s been to lasso the hog with a
trace" chain and after pinning his ears
back with a clothes pin, put the ensilage-into
his nose with a pair of twees
ers." "My good lands! You don't use en
silage to ring hogs."
"I never oelieved that it should be
used for that purpose, but when you
want to ring hens, or young calves to
keep them from sucking
The farmer gravely shook his head.
"Did you ever try ensilage on the
hired girl," said Dyke, desperately,
and winking like a bat at 11:30 a. m.
The fanner slowly arose, and with
some evidence of rheumatic twinges in
his leg3.
"Young man," he said, solemnly,
"you are a long ways from home, ain't
you?"
"Yes," replied Dyke, dropping hii
eyes beneath the stern glances of th
farmer. "In my ancestral halls ic
England, sad-eyed retainers wearilj
watch and wait for my return."
"Go home, young man, go home tc
your feudal castle, and while on youi
way across the rolling deep, muse on
the fact that ensilage is simply canned
food for live stock put up expresslj
for family use in a silo, which is noth
ing less than an air-tight pit where corn
stalks, grass, millet, clover, alfalfa and
other green truck is preserved for win
ter use, as green and verdant as the
sub-editor of the Farmers' Friend ana
Cultivators' Champion."
And Dyke Fortescue sighed as he re
marked to himself: "There ain't sc
blamed much fun in running an agri
cultural paper as I thought." Texas
Siftings.
Madagascar.
It is not generally known that the so
called Queen of Madagascar really rulei
only the half of that island, that inhab
ited by the Hova tribe. These people
originally dwelt in the center of the is
land, and were tributary to the Mala
gassy, but in the early part of the pres
ent century, with the aid of the English,
they not only gained their freedom bui
dominated their neighbors to the Easl
as far as the coast. Little is knowt
about the people, so that the observa
tions of Herr Redner, one of the few
travelers in Madagascar who have es
caped death by fever, have some inter
est. The Hova men might be taken foi
sunburnt whites, and the women often
possess a sensuous beauty. They an
poor, and live in simple, unfurnished
huts. In character they are false,
mothers teach their children falsehood
as a virtue. They are also great chat
terers. It is said" that the Queen one
spoke to her subjects fortwo entire daya
The Hovas have an hereditary nobility,
a middle class of artisans and traders,
and a slave class. The Christianity ol
these people is merely nominal, worn
for show. The missionaries have suc
ceeded in forbidding polygamy, but the
ordinance is not obeyed even by tha
Queen herself. The army is a chaos,
without pay, without uniform, with old
and poor weapons, without discipline.
Old uniforms and theatrical costumes
can be found here; a General may be
habited in a circus-rider's dress, and t
Lieutenant in that of an English Gen
eral. On the single occasion that Herr Bed
ner saw the Queen she worea Parisian
costume, but had put it on .hind before.
The officials arc as poor as the soldiers,
and how they live is hard to tell, bui
they live. Sometimes they are dis
traced, and death is their punishment.
The mode of inflicting this penalty is a
singularly delicate one. To the" con
demned comes a messenger. He brings
"health from the Queen, and the ex
pression of her satisfaction. Call in the
morning a gathering of the people, thai
before all the people the Queen may
make known how pleased she is with
thee." Before the assembled populace
beaker is handed to the condemned.
"Drink now to the health of the Queen."
The unfortunate knows his fate, but
without hesitation grasps the vessel,
rinks to the health of the Queen, and
falls dead. A redeeming trait of the
Hbvas is their extraordinary hospi
tality. Miss Martha Campbell, of Tarlton,
N". C, climbed a pine tree to the height
af forty feet and proceeded to hang her
lelf with her apron. The knot was
bungled, and she fell into '.he water b
aeaUi and "W successfully drowned
F'DREHiX GOSSIP.
Among the Chinese regular opium
mokcrs swallow the smoke.
The famous Marshal MacMahon,
now seventy-live years of age, stands
erect and soldierly as ever.
A large I net of land has been
leased in Engl j r.tl to educate young men
for colonial life.
The Earl cf Jersey has given to
laboring men in one of his Oxfordshire
villages fifteen acres of ground, in plats
of from half an aero to three acres each.
Pictures of childhood are growing
so fast in numbers in English exhibitions
that it appears, critics say, as though all
the artists were becoming converted to
baby worship.
A report of tho Belgian Consul at
Shanghai shows that the commercial
treaties concluded with China by Ger
many, the United States and Russia
during 1880-81 have led to an enormous
increase of business.
King William, of Holland, is a
large, rather stern-looking man of sixty
three years of age. Queen Emma is
forty years his junior, and is pretty and
graceful, with an affable manner.
St. Blaise, the horse that won "the
Derby" recently, is partly owned by the
Prince of Wales, Lord Allington and
Sir Frederick Johnstone, and they
shared over $400,000 on the race. The
Prince and Princess of Wales gave a
brilliant party in celebration of the vic
tory. Cyprus is threatened with another
plague of locusts. At last accounts the
eggs were hatching with alarming ra
pidity, and every trap and appliance
adapted to their extermination were be
ing dispatched in hot haste from all
parts of the island to the neighborhood
of Laruaca, where the plague began.
Three ladies Lady Pollock, Miss
Sinnott and Mrs. Paidden have been
returned to the new Hoard of Guardians
of the Poor for Clapham, one of Lon
don's districts. More ladies have been
elected to other Boards in the metropo
lis. Again comes word of the success
of certain American women doctors in
China and India. Miss Howard, who
practices the healing art in the flowery
laud, earns 100,000 a year at it.
Orders have been issued to the
Grand Duke Alexis Alexandrovitch, the
Admiral commanding the Russian lleet,
for the erection of further monumental
honors to the Russians who fell in de
fense of Sebastopol. Accordingly, a
large slab, bearing the names of the Ad
mirals, commanders and staff and field
officers who were killed, or
who died subsequent to their
wounds, is to be placed in the Vladimir
Cathedral at Sebastopol, and opposite
each name will be designated the par
ticular engagement in which each per
son fell.
The continued disappearance of the
sardines, once so abundant on the coast
of Brittany, has become a serious calam
ity to the people of that part, where the
catching has been wont to give employ
ment to 1,500 boats and more than U.000
fishermen, while the curing and pack
ing for home consumption and exporta
tion have furnished a living to a very
large number of male and female hands'.
The reason of the disappearance is be
lieved to bo the great, change of tem
!)erature during the season, the weather
laving for the last two or three year
been not only more variable, but at
times, and even during the summer
months, comparatively speaking, cold
and stormy.
Oil-Wells'of Baku.
The railway between Tiflis, tha Capi
tal of Trans-Caucasia and Baku, was
opened on May 1. A correspondent of
the London Daily News passed through
on the first trip. "There are many first
sights in the East," he says, "which
one never forgets, such as the first sight
of the Pyramids, or of India at Bombay,
or of the mysterious glow which in a
dark night may suddenly illumine the
ocean, perhaps to vanish as quickly as
it appeared, and the first sight of the
Caspian, especially if near Baku, is one
of them. Not that it is, like tho others,
marvelous or beautiful. But it is
strange and startling after many days
traveling among the silent mountains
and he empty plains to come all at
once upon this big 'port' on the shore
of a great sea in the heart of Asia; this
Portsmouth of the Steppes, dotted white
upon its amphitheater of brown hills
with forests of masts bristling along the
shore, smoking steamers and white
sailed ships gliding over the smooth
waters; its splendid Quay Alexander II.,
bordered with wharves and jetties, and
great shops and warehouses, resound
ing with traffic wagons and with open
cabs for a ruble per hour, and frequent
with gentlemen in frock-coats and chimney-pot
hats, and ladies in the latest
'one-leg-trouser' fashion from Paris;
and, most strange sight of all, its verita
ble black country' away to the left, the
black, gray, and white smoke of which
hides the sky and stretches over the
land for leagues the petroleum mines
of Baku. Let us visit them; in the in
dustrial sphere, at all events, there are
few if any sights as curious in the whole
of the Continent. Half an hour's run
by railway brings us into the heart of
the black district, and to tho plact
named Sarunchi, which may also bi
called Oleopolis, from tho greasy char
acter of its soil, to say nothing of its
rery heavy atmosphere. The oil oozes
with the sticky, oleaginous stuff. You
walk over acres after acres of what at
first sight seems to bo fields of asphalt,
such as that with which they cover the
London streets. Only at Sarunchi the
asphaltic-looking ground yields at every
step, like soft putty, and perspires
greasily at every pore.
" Some of the mines here cam produce
enough of it to light the whole of Asia,
and the Russians are doing their utmost
to beat the Americans in the markets of
the Oul World. Each mine or boring
has its wooden shed, with black, wood
en, pyramid-shaped chimney over tho
bore or fountain-hole, the upper end of
which consists of an iron tube protrud
ing to a distance of about five feet above
the level of the ground. There are ap
parently hundreds of these black pyra
mids scattered about the undulating
surface of Oleopolis, and they impart to
the scene an aspect of curious, if dreary,
monotony. And now one discovers the
use of the vast and numerous lines of
iron pipes which vein the upper surface
of the ground all the way from Baku to,
Sarunchi, and which one would at first
sight take for gas or water pipes. They
carry the naphtha from the reservoirs
at the mines to the refining factories.
And now that I am on the subject of
pipes I may mention that a nice littlo
contract awaits some iron-master in
England or Belgium. The principal
oil-master in Oleopolis is asking tho
Russian Government for permission
which no doubt he will obtain to lay
down lines of pipes all the way from
Baku, on the Caspian, to Batoum, on
the Black Sea, a distance of some 460
miles. There is a touch of American
grandeur in such an undertaking. This
particular oil-master, a Swiss gentle
man, is proprietor of about forty springs,
which, as I was told on the spot, yield
180,000 poods, each of thirty-eight
Fjunds, per diem. One fountain which
passed I do not know whether it was
that gentleman's property has been
running for five years at the rate of
25,000 poods per day. The total yield
of Oleopolis was calculated at 20,000,000
poods in 1878. -Now, I am told, it is
about 100,000,000."
m
The soldier's life was evidently
worse than death; we frequently hear
stories of the hardships of life in the
army, but never knew a man who was
Trilled there to complain of death in the
ray. Boston Transcript.
riTII AD FOIST.
An old philosopher say3 scnten
tiously: "Don't play with the devil
while you are young, if vou do not do
sire to" associate with him in years to
:ouie."
Literary Matron What docs Shak
ipeare mean by his frequent use of the
Ehrasc, "Go to?" Matter-of-fact Hus
aml Well, perhaps he thought it
, wouldn t be polite or proper to hnlsn
1 Ihe sentence. London Punch.
Plantation philosophy: Pleasured
Iccrease as da come near us. De fish
n lio-iit liimrnr 'fnn vt- crita it mitn
i de water. De injurious in dis worl is
allers de fanciest. De brandy bottle is
fixed up finer dan de bread tray.
Arkahsaw Traveller.
"Well, there is one thing sure,"
said Mr. Job Shuttle, as he closed a dis
cussion on the wrong-sidedness ol
evcrvthing in general; "there is no jus
tice In this world, and it makes me blue
to think of it." "True, Job," said Pa
tience, "but the reflection that there is
justice in the next, ought to make you
feel a great deal bluer." Hartjord
Post.
Brother Gardner draws the following
conclusions: "Dat no man eber gets
work sittiu' on de fence an' discussin'
the needs of de kentry. Dat de less
pollyticks a man has de mo' cash he
can pay his grocer. Dat argyments on
religion won't build churches nor pay
de preachers." Detroit Free Press.
While more boys are born than
girls it is a singular fact that there is a
surplus of female population. It is
easily accounted for. Fooling with toy
pistols, playing base ball, aud falling
off cherry trees, all boyish pastimes,
are six times more hazardous than
wearing corsets and jumping the rope
500 times in one inning. Iforristown
Herald.
There is no excuse for the young
man who complains that his fiance
kisses him so much he can't get a
chance to eugage her in rational con
versation. He ought to know that by
rubbing a little sodium upon his mus
tache the abuse can be speedily checked.
Sodium is a substance which seems to
have been created especially to meet
such a case as his. As soon as any
moisture touchc.; it it bursts into flame.
Chicago Herat.1.
A few nights ago an Austin man
was awakened by a burglar opening a
shutter. The disturbed proprietor of
the house got out his pistol, remarking
to his wife, "I am not quite sure this
pistol is loaded." The burglar, how
ever, overheard the remark, and being
a reader of the newspapers, and rcniem
b.'ring how many fatal accidents occur
from handling unloaded pistols, fled in
wild dismay, leaving his professional
instruments heh'tia him. Texas Sift-
inq's.
SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY.
The paper railroad tie, as cheap as
wood and with twenty-five years of life
in it. has presented itself for considera
tion. Detroit Post.
Some old-school doctors hereabouts
have been trying mesmerism as an
anaesthetic forsurgical operations lately
with success. They laughed at this
proposition thirty years ago. Science
Moulhiy.
It is said that inventors, fearful of
being robbed of their ideas, deliberately
deceive their attorne3's and the Patent
offioc about their inventions, obscuring
the truth so that when they do get a
patent it is practically worthless for the
reason that it docs not cover the real
points. Ar. Y. Suu.
Charles V., of Spain, after persist
ent experiment, decided that two pendu
lums could not be made to beat in uni
son, and the attempt, often made by
clockmakers, has always failed until,
lately, a London watchmaker has set
six of them in his window, where they
swing exactly alike.
A Philadelphia Company has pur
chased a farm in Accomac County, Va.,
which is to be devoted to tho raising of
geese, so as to secure a supply of feath
ers for making pillows and down quilts.
It is proposed to commence with two
thousand geese, and to increase the
number to ten thousand as soon as the
necessary arrangements can be per
fected. Philadelphia Record.
There is but one nickel mine in the
United States now in operation. It is
situated in Lancaster County, Pennsyl
vania. It is two hundred feetdeep.and
has been worked seventeen years. The
demand for this metal is rapidly in
creasing. Croppings of nickel are
found also in Madison (Iowa) and
Wayne counties Missouri. The refined
metal is worth $S a pound. Chicago
Times.
At a recent meeting of the New
York Sugar Association, at Genoa,
President Williams said of the sorgum
sugar industry in the North: "We are
going to make sirup that is superior to
that of New Orleaus. Men are experi
menting all the timo to perfect tho pro
cess of manufacture. I expect in my
day to see glucose driven from our
homes by a better and purer article."
Ulica Herald.
A novel device for stopping runa
way horses has been patented Dy Mr.
Carl E. von Schwarz, of Vienna, Aus
tria. The invention consists in so ar
ranging a curtain or blinder to tho bri
dle that it may be dropped over tho
horse's eyes should be becomo un
manageable, thus cutting oft tho light
and reducing him to submission.
When the animal is once more under
control, the curtain maybe raised again
without subjecting the driver to alight
from his vehicle.
Mr. George Hall, of Newark, an
old pressman, has devised a simple pro
cess for preserving and renovating ink
rollers and adding greatly to their
longevity. A steam jacket is added to
the roller closet, and numerous fine jets
arc so arranged as to play gently upon
the roller within. These jets thorough
ly cleanse the surface of the roller, the
sKin on its face disappears, the body of
the roller absorbs a portion of the
heated vapor, and the whole is kept in
a fresh, elastic condition ready for work
without further preparation. Newark
(N. J.) Register.
m
A Fall in Prices.
In the early days of Michigan, v. nen
one dealer was the source of supply for
a large territory, a capitalist from the
East suddenly bought up all the tobac
co nd whisky to be got hold of in the
State. There was no railroad communi
cation; it was winter, and there was
no navigation, and everything promised
a big profit on the speculation. Prices
began to creep up, and settlers to in
quire and protest, aud tho capitalist
was rubbing his hands aud holding on,
when something happened. He was
on his way to church one Sunday, when
he was seized by a band of tough-looking
pioneers and carried to the river,
where a hole already had been cut in
the ice. 'What is the meaning of this?"
he finally asked. "It means old prices
fur whisky and Whacker!" replied the
spokesman. "Hew?" They proceeded
to enlighten him. Two of the band
gave him a duck into the water, and he
was plunged in and hauled out three
times before he got bis breath and said:
"Gentlemen, tODacco has taken a great
dfop!" "Give him some morc!',said
the leader, and into the freezing coy
water he went again. When they hauled
him out, blue with cold and teeth chat
tering, he observed: "And whisky is
ten cents a gallon less tham the old
price!"- WaU Street News.
m
Why wouldn't "crushed hopes
sake a popular color for drees goods
Detroit Fret Press
s"""""s"""""""""""""isY ti m. B I B Bal " vjfi&2Hafl"9a"
EA.vrVAItD.
Daily Express Twii.s trr Omaha. Col
caifo, Kansa City, Ht. Loui, aud all poiuU
East. Through cars via l't-orla to imllati
apoUa. Klccuit I'uUuian l'alact- Ccrslwd
Day coaches on all through trains, and
lHnlui; h oast ol Missouri mvcr.
Throunh Tickets rt fioTowist Rates
baoftu(u will lvchitkisl t destination. Any
will no (.-ho miuy luri.ishml upon application to any agent, it io
1. S. KL'STIS, Gcnoral Ticket Agent, Oniahu, Nub.
IsTOTICE
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