Nebraska Newspapers

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THE JOtrKNAL.
WEDNESDAY, OCT. 31, 1883.
Estcrei it ths Port:See, C:lsta, Hi, as '::
din sitter.
ON THE BEACH.
I? . I clasped in mine her tender hand.
'-t 45 slde fey side witn loitering pace,
-And pausing sometimes, face tot ace.
We Ayandered slowly on the strand. '
Z'
, v We' left behind a laughing crowd "
, We felt no need of company;
Ourselves, our thoughts, the bcach.the sea,
The clear blue heavens that o'er us bowed,
. Jfftde us a perfect solitude. '
t Where all with peace and joy was filled.
Where jarring fears and cares wercfitilled,
,And speech were interruption rude.
- So on we wandered, hand Jn band,
. O'erglad to be to each so near,
t, , So heart-ccntent," so fond and dear,
v Alone upon that pleasant strand. '
-st And when our footsteps we -retraced,.,.
The comrades wo had left behind
Exclaimed: "Well, wjiat'supon your mind.
Old boy? What fancies have you chased
' 'While wandering slowly and alone?
- ' You arc" not wont to stroll away:
t," .Whatdo tho-wild.waycs say to-da"y.
By us unfuncied and unknown?"
' I smiled. They could not seq the hand
T clasped in mine, thc.upturncd face;
' Their duller oyes beheld no traco
Of little foot-prints in the 6and.
1 c . i-t
But that sweet hour along the sea
Will never vanish from my heart, t
' When, bilent, from all else apart, "
1 " I -walked -with ui!cen company. . . i
- " ' S. S. Vonant.'ln Harper's Magazine.
A IA'GEROUS VIRTUE. .
Everv one, perhaps, knows the stry
of PreSenVc-of-MindTomkyns, of Onel,
who gained his prenonien from ham
mering with an oar Ihe fingers of tho
young huly-who elung'to-liis boat, which
-shovoiild otherwise have overset and
drowned him; but his'is not the lOnly
instance v. herein that admirable virtue
has been displayed to its possessor's
disadvantage." Except, indeed, in the"
case of Tunning away at once on the
first hint of danger (where it is almost
impossible to go wrong), I nminclined
to doubt whether presence of mind is a
virtue. I have known so many cases
wherein peoplo endowed with this
highly eulogized quality have, in what
the French call "supreme moments"
(Anglice "narrow shaves,1' "muck
ers"), done such thingsjwith sang-froid
and unpremeditated good, judgment 'as
they have repented of, but could never
atone for all their lives.
I once performed an action of this
kind myself, which proved so far from
'presence of mind," being only second
in point of advantage in a railway ac
cident to "absence of body," that hard
ly anything can be less desirable; and
as the public travel :t great deal by
railwaj-, the recital of it may interest
them.
1 was a passenger one night by the
Scotch express to Edinburgh, and, as
might have been expected from one
possessing the quality in question, had
taken care to make myself particularly
" comfortable. -Pullman j "ami sleeping
cars were unknown in thoe days, but
I had secured the seat opposite to me
for mj' feet and was as well fortified
against the cold as a late dinner at
"tho Hag," with a glass of "sixty-year-old"
brand- to follow, within, and ul
ster and rugs without, coidd make mo.
I had a friend (no, too suspicious read
er, not a lady it was the limited mail
train) beside me similarly situated, and
in the third seat beyond was an urbane
stranger with his legs up, who from his
discreet silence and his having secured
the seats on the oft" side where nobody
could disturb him, I concluded to be a
diplomatist. Having awakened at Car
lisle, S sot put for another jiclit vcrre
of brandy (niuehyoungerthanthatl had
had at the club), and on returning to
my carriage found, to my horror, the
seat for my feet occupied otherwise, by
an intruder, and a person too of a class
to whom the term "a rough customer"
would not have been inapplicable. Every
one who is an one can understand my
indignation. Even in omnibuses, which
are licenced to hold a good many
people, persons already in poses
sion, however few, resent, I am told,
the arrival of new comers; but the
present outrage was one that was intol
erable and (except on the Continent)
absolutely unparalleled. An English
man's house is his castle; but his two
scats, in 4a flight train are even more
sacred and peculiar to' himself. I was
astonished and amazed tothe last de
gree, but I was not speechless:
"My good sir," I -aid, "you Have
mistaken your carriage."
"No, I ain't; and 1 mean to travel in
this un."
"Bui it is unseal, sir."
"Then I suppose you sits on your
legs."
Jly friend was asleep (one's friends
always are asleep when we need their
assistance), hut I saw a sly smile flicker
upon the countenance of tho diplomat
ist; it was the sort of difficulty (another
man's diflieultv) that amused him.
"You may not bo aware, my good-
man;" I resumed, "thai it usual for
gentlemen on long journeys"2to reserve
two seats for themselves. .ft
"Then tliev ought to take
two'tick-
ets." he replied, surlily; "show me
yourn here's mine right enough," and
lie ostentatiously displayed it It avus a
second-class one.
1 flung down the window and ex-
.claimed, with professional promptitude:
"Guard, turn out" I should have said,
'of course, "Guard, turnout this man";
hut the official (who had half a crown
of mine in his pocket) understood the
situation at oitce. The" obnoxious in
truder .was instantly hauled' forth,! ex
claiming (falsely) that he had been in
serted in the first-class for want of
.room elsewhere. .., .
J- JLJiadiOnce nioreput upjny vfeet tri
umphantly, and was arranging my
wraps as the train moved slowly on,
when 1 perceived j a carpet-bag in the
raclcorv er the opposite seat. Mv nnture
j is not malicious, and thouglifetill smart
ing from im recent wrongs I feltsorry
that the poor man should be parted
from, hi s solitary article of haggae,
and tmnkiug there jw-as) yet jtime (or
'rather my immense presence of mind'
. not giviujr me time to thiuk) I .plucked
the bag.Jro.iu the rack and threw it
violently out, as I reckoned, upon the
platform; it fell Jiowever, On the line,
about ten vards be ondit.
yiix$ri
ltis Itf mrftfcr.'WaHiaieMiplomats.
ist in thte's6ftestttVd 'creamiest, -tone-
iu i
y conceivable; ,'ut, happenjtox.ije-1 flw't
ban-." i - m, - '
You might have knocked me down
wiin a ieaiiior..nTaaejajmndre-ate
poiogidsirrcidJrainriro
with'ffrcati3ol!tenessr
"It has my address on it. 'and will
turn np'sonic aay, no ooubt."
"How could I have been such an in
fernal fool!" T murmured penitentlv.
? '!Prdo3i)ne)'.lje saic&jstill sweetly
smiling; '"ltis not th'at you are the
- character you' have so graphically de
scriBed, bnt because you have o much
presence of 'mfnttf For my part I
never do anvthirig in ahurry, t and es
pedTallyJ if fit scmB'mratlvely de
mandedof inc: r always carefully avoid
beino-lwhatis vidian v'callecw'eqBal to
the situation.' Atone time, indeed, it
'" eured'bf it as l am surd you will be,
and, as it curiousjy happens. m a pre-
cisely similar -mamier; -l ' '"
"I was comine" b'vmail one night
from the north-of Scotland; in the car
riage Avkh -mo was,but"Dnc"wfellow pas
senger,, youtig fefloW-whonVI judged
much occupied with his own affairs and,.
fBaid.Jittjei zile did not appear
.. inriJBfld far alMB.'MdMrMMliHidea
of expectation. Perhaps he was to
meet his beloved qbject at his journey's
encl. At a small station just beyond
Perth he got hurriedly out, as I under-
ii-1 stood from his muttered exclamation.
for a glass of whisky; it was a bitterly
cold winter's night, which seemed an
excuse for it; but I warned him that
there -was no time to. getUt, and 'there
was not. THe carriagejiorJd,liardly
cTosedbehind"him when the train went
on. -'io
'-'I was very Borrjr for the poor lad,
and knowing1 that to be left at so
'wretched a place without one's'luggage
would be t "an additional, annoyance,
with great presericeof 'mindTthrew out
of the window everything he possessed:
his portmantean, hat box and railway
rug, even to his umbrella. I can see
them-now, black on the snow-covered
line, where he-tcould not fail to see
them, from the .platform. Then we
thundered on for about twenty miles,
when . the' train, stopped again, and
who should present himself at the
window of the carriage but the young
man himself !
"I beg your pardon,' ho said, 'for
letting thccold air in, but I see it is the
wrong compartment I thought I had
left my baggage here.'
"'So you did,' I said; 'but I chucked
it -out. ri verv sonr, but I thought
.we had left vou behind. I did it all for
tho best' ' t
" 'And you've done it pretty com
pletely,' was his dry reply.
"When we had telegraghed to the
last station he got it again and ex
plained matters. He was studying
civil engineering, it seemeu, and naa
bribed the engine man to let him drive
us for a jnile or two. As this was con
trary to regulations, the man was
afraid to let him join him at Perth, but
told him to jump on at the first small
station we came to, which he accord
ingly did. It was a lesson to him not
to Dreak the company's by-laws, and to
me not to bo so fond as I used to be of
exercising my presence of mind."
After this homily, and my own pre
vious "-experience of what comes of
promptness ahd presence of mind, the
reader will think that I myself moi
quivous parte would at least never fall
into a mistake of that kind again. Yet
this happened to me only last week.
I had taken a hurried lunch at my
club, "before going to Brighton, and,
finding it to be rather late, had nun?
myself into the first hansom atthb door,
with an impatient "To Victoria." Tho
man drove off, but slowly; his horse
seemed tired, and after a few yards
came to a full stop. "What is the
matter?"- I exclaimed with some irri
tation. "J" am the matter cried a well
known voice; it was a great friend of
mine, who had stopped the cab, just to
shakchands. .His quick. eye sawsomc-
., . - T , ..tin 1
inmg Desiues myseii in ic "vny uo
you travel with two umbrellas," ho in
quired, "like a Japanese gentleman of
Tank with a couple of swords?"
Then I porceived that the man who
had just got out of the hansom at
the club had left his umbrella
behind him. Of course I might
have left it where it was, but. with
great presence of mind, it struck me
that it wfould be better, to intrust it to
my friend (who was bphdfor the club)
to giye it to the porter, for the owner,
who would thereby recover it at once.
I therefore did so, and with the con
sciousness of having performed a good
action, and also manifested no slight
acumen on the spur of the moment, we
drove on.
On arriving at yictoria, I tendered
the cab-man cigliteenpence. "What
isthis for?" he inquired, with an indig
nation which, -considering his actual
fare was a shilling, did him, I thought
great credit "It is just fifty per cent,
above what I owe 3-011," I 'said, "you
very impudent fellow."
"What!" he cried, in a voice that
brought quite a little crowd around us;
"eightcenpence from the Temple!"
"The Temple! I came from the
Megatherium Club, you scoundrel."
"Then that's not your umbrella,"
he exclaimed excitedly, pointing to that
article, my own property, which I held
in my hand.
"Pardon me," I said, sarcastically,
" but those are -my initialsT" And I
held up the hadlc for inspection.
" Then, where is the umbrella that
was in the cab?"
It was really rather difficult to ex
plain; my real reason for returning tho
article by my friend was that 1 had
doubts of the cabman's honesty, but. I
could not tell him that. So 1 had to
narrate to a by this time considerable
audience, including a policeman, who
was looking at me with great suspicion,
that I had sent the article away by a
friend, for the purpose of retnrning it
to its owner.
" Oh, that's a prcttv story," cried the
cabman, (and I felt that it was so, and
would be worth telling). "Just look
after this party, policeman."
I had never been in such a false posi
tion in my life, though, as the reader
knows, I had sufiereif before from my
great presence of mind.
"You had better go back, my good
friend, to the gentleman at the club,
who will doubtless reward you," said
I, in a conciliatory tone. Then, sud
denly remembering it was this abomin
able cabman's own fault all along, I
added in a much more natural way:
"How dare you take a second fare, be
fore you have done with the first?
Don't you know the regulations under
which yon hold your license?"
"But I thought, .sir, as you was the
same gentleman" then I knew (by his
civility) that I had conquered.
"Thought, sir," I put in; "it would
be much hotter for you if you used your
eyes, instead of thinking. The man's
a fool !" And then I walked off ma
jestically, liaving already, as I saw, im
pressed the fickle crowd with the same
opinion.
Bnt I was quite aware, for all that,
that the whole' affafr might have been
very unpleasant and that I had been
very nearly getting into a second hobble
tnrough my too prompt proceedings,
and my fatal jnft of presence of mind.
James Payn, in Bdgravia.
- :
Nothing to Speak Of.
"You profess to be a mind' reader, do
you not?" said the dude, accosting a
gentleman in a crowded parlor the
other evening.
"I do,"-:quietly replied tho party ad
dressed, taking in at a glance the dis
ciple of po"inted"ho"es and-tight pants.
- 'Well.-you'hjavejiow an 'opportunity
to test the .genuinetiess of youf profession-'
came with a cynical" sneer from
LfcgBStth theew struggling hairs on the
upper lip of the rare bird. "Let me
see you read my mind?"
"O, you forget," said the mind
reader, tmildly, "I must have some
thing to work" on."
Andtthen he walked to the other end
of the room to allow the dude time to
deliberate upon which would be the
better weapons ior.a duel gold-headed
canes or wooden toothpicks. Yonkers
Gazette. .,
The, Allan. House, .the Richmond
1 tn yr fca..rt
home of'the'poel Edgar Allan Poe, has
been purchased for transformation into
ahotel, to "be kept bya woman at one
timeja leader of-fashion in thatciry.
The dustr of -years has lodged upon
everything in ther rooriViri which Poe
I wrote VThe-Raven." ' Cobwebs depend
w w w;uing,ana cimgetq ine waus
m picturesque lestooas. It is an octagon-shaped
apartment, with windows
neither ide of-the fireplace, seeming
n into similar rooms. "3ut. there
are imiiui-jiaucs inline winuow-sasn
instead. iSj-- transparent. ftlass..c Hhe
room is spacious and papered in florid I
Wtjl:Wehimjton- Dost.
Mhnic Advertising'.
As a Sun reporter turned from the
Fifth avenue down to Fourteenth street
the other day he saw a crovd gazing at
the second story of a house. Behind a
broad window with two large panes of
glass appeared the objects which were
attracting the attention of the crowd.
Behind the lower pane was a broad
pieccof canvas on which the name of a
summer hotel was painted in large
blatk letters; behind the upper glass
wa3 a scene which gave in good per
spective an idea of the house and sur
roundings. It seemed a picturesque
summer resort. Back of the house
stretched a range of blue mountains.
Some of the peaks were so high that
fleecy white clouds veiled their summits.
From the hotel a path led through a
slop'ng lawn to a lake. So far the pic
ture represented all that was described
on the canva9 underneath, except the
announcement that there was good fish
ing in the lake. Suddenly, nowever,
even this was realized. A man was seen
pulling in a boat across the lake. After
a while he stopped rowing, shipped his
oars, lifted a fishing rod from the bot
tom of the boat, and cast the line into
J he water. Then he remained motion
less as if intently watching the liu '.
With a sudden jerk of the rod he landed
a fish in the bo.it. This was repeated
several times, until at last he appeared
to have caught fish enough. He put
down his rod, gra-ped the oars, and
pulled back to snore. The last seen of
him he was walking toward the hotel
with a string of fish.
Suddenly the canvas dropped. In its
place behind the lower pane appeared
another, which called upon all people
to consult only a certain phy-ician in
case of illness. Above this the scene
represented a New York st-eet. Among
the houses was one with a physician's
sign. An old man nearly bent double
came hobbling down the street on a
crutch until he got to the physician's
house and rang the bell. A pleasant
looking man, presumably the physician,
let him in. After a while a boy with an
arm in a sling came from the other di
rection, and rang. ' This time the door
was opened by a girl, probably because
the physician was busy attending to the
first patient. The patient was followed
bj'a pale and debilitated-looking indi
vidual, and he by another, who ap
peared to be coughing and in the hist
stages of consumption. These also
were admitted bv the girl. Aft-r a
while the door opened again, and out
came the old man, linn and erect,
briskly twirling his cane. A little later
the boy came out. but his arm was no
longer in the sling. On the contrary
lie swung it freely as he walked along.
The pale and debilitated-looking man
made his exit whistling. The consump
tive who 1 ad seemed to be tottering on
the brink of the grave came out with
the bloom of roses on his cheeks.
Presto change! The canvas went
down and the street disappeared. Tiie
name of a theater was displayed behind
the lower pane, the theater itself behind
the upper. A horse-car slopped in front
of the theater, which every passenger en
tered. A s'age drove up with the same
results. Then carriages and coupes
halted at the theater, which seemed to
be attracting everybody in the city.
Finally a sign appeared : "No more
standing,room.,
Anotiier change. This time it w:ls a
bicycle advertisement, and bicyclers
were speeding their steel racers on the
track above. As the reporter started
across the street to inspect matters more
closely, Sullivan and Mitchell were hav
ing a fierce set to.
Entering the room on the second floor,
the reporter saw near the window a
light trestle-work. Round about were
lying strips of sun-sets, blue skies, storm
clouds, and all varieties of heavens;
pasteboard men and women, with nu
merous strings attached to their limbs;
cars, stages, houses on a small scale, all
the paraphernalia of a theatrical scene
were there.
Two long, broad strips of pasteboard
lay on the floor. Over them stood a
man with a largo brush, which he
dipped into a pot of gray paint and
then applied to the pasteboard, making
a line of grayish houses and churches.
Then he painted in black dots for win
dows and doors, adding a strip of green
and yellow for grass and a road.
"It's done roughly, you see," he said,
"but it looks all right "from below. It
makes a difference whether you're near
a thing, or stand on the street and see
it in the second storv through a pane of
glass. Fine work doesn't "tell at that
distance."
"What are you going to represent
now.-"' the reporter asked of the man,
who was just changing the canvas.
"The storming of Alexandria," here
plied. The reporter watched him arranging
the set of pasteboard over the trestle
work. He suspended a strip of lurid
sky from the back bar. A little for
ward and below was another bar with
upright bars at either end. On the bar
and against the uprights he put a strip
representing the city. Further toward
the window were two other upright
bars. Against these he placed two
forts. On a crossbar a little lower he
hung a strip representing water. The
trestlework was a small stage in scaf
folding. The whole sloped down to
ward the window. One man took two
pasteboard ironclads with portholes,
and lighted a cigar. As he moved the
ironclads just behind the strip repres
enting water he puffed smoke through
the portholes. The other man then
held burning paper behind Alexandria.
" Do you fit up these advertisements
in shop windows ?" he was asked.
"Yes. But we think it to the adver
tiser's advantage to have his advertise
ments appear in this window, because
we are on one of the most crowded
thoroughfares in the city. We expect
to do a large business during election
times."
"How so?"
" We shall represent the candidate
running in opposition to our advertiser
as being pelted with eggs and pota
toes." "How do you get your advertise
ments?" "We read those in the papers, and
if we find one that can be well imitated
by mimicry, we call the advertiser's at
tention to our method. N. Y. Sun.
A. Big Story of a Teller's Speculation.
An interesting story is told of the
way in which a paying teller of one
of the city banks, of a shrewd and
provident turn of mind, was able to ac
quire a competency in a short time,
and then retire from his position with
out the bank having been any the loser
by the operation and without having
his own reputation blasted. The story
is that the bank carried a heavy cash
balance to meet such calls as might be
made upon it from day to day, and to
draw upon in case of a run. This was
intrusted to the paying teller. Instead
of allowing this sum to remain in the
bank's safe, as was the intention of the
directors, and as they supposed to be
actually the case, the teller invested
largely in six per cent bonds and early
issues of the Government four per
cents. These were substituted for the
cash, the investor cutting off the
coupons and getting the money on
them as they Became payable. The
prospective calls upon the cash could
be readily estimated, and anything be
yond that limit was converted into
'bonds. This state of aflairs went
along smoothly for about two rears,'
the enterprising teller enjoying all the
privileges as to coupons of a bloated
'bondholder.
- Soon after the Obv Owen defalcation
became public, Jthe directors had ajgnd
4ensjn of vigilance, a&d, oae 'day,
withput a moment's warning, they
called upon the teller for his keys, and
were about to institute a count i cash.
With an assurance and nerve that
struck the investigating directors fairly
speechless, he said: " Gentlemen, yVu
can not have the keys. I will give you
iny written resignation, according to
the terms of our contract, but vou
shall not have the keys to the safe.'T
The gentlemen were taken complete
ly by surprise, and knew not what to
say or do. Arrest was threatened, but
the teller was obdurate, and tho direct
ors finally withdrew to talk the matter,
over. This gave him his chance, and
lipping out with the surreptitiously
purchased bonds, he speedily converted
them into cash, and the right amount
was deposited in the vaults. By that
time the objection to the surrender of
the keys was removed, and the direct
ors antl bondsmen, who had been thor
oughly nonplussed and thoroughly
frightened by tho refusal, found their
heaped-up thousands secure and the
bank on as sound financial bed-rock as
it had ever been. The fact that the
teller had just disposed of a large
amount of bonds, however, led to the dis
covery of the way in which he had been
usirg'the funds of the bank for his own
emolument, and the resignation went
into effect During the time between
the purchase and sale of the bouds
they had largely appreciated in value,
so that during the transaction the teller
had cleared between S-30.0C0 and $G0,
000 from the rise in value and tho cou
pons. The bank was none the poorer
from the operation, and attempts made
to compel the employe to disgorge his
prolits were unavailing. Public prose
cution would have given the affair un
pleasant notoriety for both parties, aud
the stoiy has consequently been closely
kept St. Louis Globe-Democrat.
Our Foreign Population.
The immigration into the United
States during the fiscal year just ended
was more than twenlv-tive per cent, be
low that of the preceding year and ten
per cent, below that of the year which
preceded that. The total number of
immigrants arriving in the year just
closed was 599,114, against 770,422 last
year and 669,431 the year before. Over
2,000,000 have thus arrived in the coun
try and taken up their abode here with
in the last three years. The total ar
rivals for the hist ten years have been
less than 4,000,000, and in no three
rears preceding had the total run much
above 1,000,000. The largest number
of immigrants arriving in any one year
preceding the three in which tho pres
ent "boom" has been running was 459,
803, in 1873. The number of im
migrants who have arrived in this coun
try during the last lift' years reaches
over 10,000.000. The smallest number
of arrivals in any single year in the
half-century aforesaici was in 1838,
when the arrivals wen; 38,914. In 1842
the number for the first time exceeded
100,000. Since that it has only
fallen below that number four times
in 1813, 1844, 18S1 and 1862. Germany
continues to furnish the largest number
of arrivals. Last year there were 191,
643 from Germany, the next largest
being 79,852 from England and Wales.
Froni the Dominion of Canada there
were 64.000, Ireland, 63,700; from Scot
land, 19,612; from sunny Italy there
were 31,715; from bleak Norway, 21,
894, and from Sweden, 34,596. Nearly
three-fourths of the arrivals come in at
the port of New York; the number of
immigrants at that port in the last year
having been4Uu,b9.
The number of foreign-born persons
residents of the United States is now
about 7,000,000, or nearly one-eighth of
its present population. In 1880 it was
6,679,943; in 1870 it was 5,567.229; in
1860. 4.138,697.
New York has a larger number of
persons of foreign birth than anv other
State. It has 1,250,000 out of a total pop
ulation of 5,000,000. Half a million of
these are from Ireland and 350,000 from
Germany. Pennsylvania and Illinois
have each 600,000 of foreign birth and
Ohio 400,000.
Of the 7,000,000 of foreign population
now in the United States 2,225,000 are
of German nativit- and nearly 2,000,000
Irish. Besides the 7,000,000 who are of
foreign birth, there are about 8.000,000
of foreign parentage.
The percentage of arrivals for the
last few years shows a large increase
from Germany. A few years ago tho
arrivals from Ireland formed a much
larger percentage of the whole than
now. The number now arriving from
Germany is more than three times as
many as those arriving from Ireland.
Last year there were 191,643 Germans
to 76,252 Irish. The number of emi
grants leaving Germany in the last fiftv
years is estimated at 8,500,000; most of
them camo to the United States.
Washington Cor. N. Y. World.
m
Usury.
Our English ancestors thought that
it was shameful and unchristian to de
mand pay for the use of money. While
they never, declared that the taking of
interest was unlawful, they made stat
utes to limit the amount. In time their
views changed, and they saw that it
was just that a borrower should pay
for the use of the money loaned him, if
the charge called interest was not
exorbitant. A trader who borrows
money to use in his business, and there
by increases his profits, ought to pay
for the use of the money just as he pays
for the rest of his stock in trade.
In nearly all countries the rate of in
terest is fixed by law. In commercial
countries it is also the rule that any rate
of interest can be given and accepted if
the agreement to pay it is made in writ
ing. The reason for this is that the
value of money like the value of any
commodity is changeable. It is high
when money is scarce and low when it
is plenty. It is right that the dealer in
money should have the same advant
ages as the dealer in any other article.
To take or agree to take unlawful in
terest is usury. If taken unintention
ally, or by mistake, the agreement is
binding at the lawful late.
Money-lenders resort to many expe
dients to avoid the law. Some of these
are allowable. A lender may deduct
the interest from the face-value of the
note, thus obtaining it in advance.
An agreement that a year shall be
twelve months of thirty days each, for
computing interest, is valid. Com
pound interest may be demanded and
taken if expressly agreed upon, but the
interest must be asked for when it falls
due.
A lender, who is obliged to borrow
the money he advances, may charge for
the trouble of raising it. The courts,
however, always watch such cases with
suspicion.
When a man borrows money to put
into a risky business, the lender may
charge more than the lawful rate. Ho
has a right to receive pav for the risk
he incurs. It is always lawful to buy
up a note in the money-market for less
than its face-value.
The laws on usury do not apply to
loans of anything except money. Any
sum may be charged for lending arti
cles of commerce.
Usurious agreements are worthless in
the hands of the parties who make them.
In some places, notes bearing usurious
interest are not good in the hands of
persons who bought without knowing
them to be so tainted. Nearly every
where, however, an innocent holder
may obtain his money.
Modern laws have made the usury
regulations of little account T6-dav,
in civilized lands, they are only a curi
osity of ancient legislation. Youth's
Companion
m
Governor Hubbard, of Minnesota,
nee edited a oountrjaewspajer.
Where Bears Were Thick.
Said Major Jim. "B'ars will leavo
when you make it too hot foe "em, sir.
when I was doin' business for old
Jedge Smides, down in Madison Parish
plantation lay right on the river
Mississippi Kiver you know one night
I was sittin' on my gallery smokin', sir
everything jest" as still as er dead
mule, sir: Well, first thing 1 knowed 1
heerd a kinder noise way up 'cross the
river, and it sounded sorter low like at
first, and then it kept gittin' louder and
louder, twell I couldent stand it no
longer, sir. I jest jumps up on my
feet and I says: 'Oldooman, old ooman,
a hurricane's comein', sure as you're
born,' bays she: 'Major O.' she al
ways called me Major O. when she
wah't in a hurry 'how in the name o'
sense can a hurricane be a comein'
when there ain't a cloud in the sky?'
'Well,' says I, 'there's the deuce to pay
somewhere.' So I picks up my double
barrel and I breaks out for the levee,
and when I gits there I lissen, and I
hears that roarin' 'cross the rivergittin'
louder and louder, jest like a nigger
funeral, when they begin to blow the
mud out their bilefs. sir. And 1 looked
where the moon was shinin', and I seen
that whole river turnin' black, sir, and
comin' closer and closer up to where I
was standin'. Skeared! I reckon I was
skeared. Why, sir, my hair would a
lifted a cotton bale. I would a put up
and dusted, ,'md I did kinder inch back
r little, but 1 dazent run, sir, with
Susan Ann a standin' thero on that gal
lery. There she itood, sir, and first
she'd sing 'Old Hundred,' and then
she'd git down on her marrow bones
and moan out her little prayer, and
then every once in a while she'd holler
out, 'Jim, what is the matter?' as if I
wouldn't a given six quarts of Dexter's
best jest to a halt" knowed what was the
matter. If you'd a seed me, sir, a
standin' there havin' one agur on top
of anotiier fa-ter'n you could count 'em,
and the cold sweat runuin out the holes
in my boots, you'd a knowed, sir, how
happy I was. sir, when 1 seed some
thin' 'black riz up out that river and
shuck hisself. 1 jest up and hollered to
Susan Ann not to be carryin' on like a
mooniack and makin' a durned fool of
herself; but I had jest as well hollered
at a loggerhead turkle, for Susan Ann
and every nigger on tiiat hill had lit out
for the cauebreak, sir. So I jest stood
there lonesome by myself, and I jest
poured it into them b'ars right and left
when they topped that levee and shuck
thcyselves, twell broad daylight, sir. It
looked like the whole world was full of
b'ars, sir. I jest stood in my tracks and
I killed thirty-eight of 'em, sir tho
biggest in the drove, aud when I stop
ped shootin' there wasn't a livin' soul
on that plantation 'cept me and them
dead b'ars. Every nigger, sir, little
and big, and Susan Ann to boot, was
clean gone, sir. I got some nigger
dogs and I ketched the old oomau down
on Joe's Bayou the next da-, but some
of them niggers never did git back, sir,
never did. Yes, sir, b'ars will travel
when you makes ithotfor'em." Forest
and Stream.
Curious Discovery.
A few years ago, in boring an arte
sian well on the premises of Mr. Bil
lings, the Postmaster of Santa Clara.
California, at a depth of 281 feet, work
men came upon a redwood log two feet
in diameter. It was in a good state of
preservation, and the chips that were
brought up by the boring apparatus
were sent to different parts of the State
for the inspection of scientists, with the
hope that some intelligent explanation
would be elicited as to how the tree got
in that position. As nearly as could be
determined, it was of the same species
as still found in abundance on the neigh
boring mountains, and, in fact, over
large areas of tho State of California.
The redwood tree is quite distinctive,
and there can hardby be a doubt about
the identity of the log found with the
living species. The surface of the ground
at Mr. Billings' place is eighty-four feet
above the surface of the Bay of San
Francisco aud of the general sea-level.
The nearest point on the bay is about
eight miles distant The bay is gener
ally shallow, and at no place, except
perhaps near its opening into the sea,
some fifty milos away, so deep as was
this log below the surface that is to
say, 200 feet in depth.
The query is, How came this large log
or tree in that strange locality? The
surface of the ground is at about the
same level, and there is no possibility
of its having been buried bv a land
slide. It was in the middle of a
valley some twenty miles in width, and
with no depression exceeding a few feet
throughout the whole extent
0e supposition is that, in the very
distant past, San Francisco Bay ex
tended over the region now occupied
by Santa Clara, and was, at Mr. Bil
ling's place, 200 feet in depth at the
time the log found its lodgment there.
In that case all the vast body of earth
forming the valley to the depth of 281
feet, and composing the bottom of the
present bay to an unknown depth, has
since been washed into its present
place. This theory presupposes that
the tree grew upon some one of the
mountains skirting the valley (then the
bay), and was carried down to the
place where it was found by the move
ment of water; and that" the same
agency, aided, perhaps, by the wind,
covered it with sediment and debris,
until all the geological phenomena
which we now observe have occurred
above it.
Could there have been a deep river
running through Santa Clara Valley in
the remote past, in the bottom of which
this tree was lodged? This idea sup
poses a much greater depth for the bay
as an outlet for such river, than it nov
Eossesscs. Or could a deep excavation
ave been made by the action of run
ning water at the place where the tree
was found? May there have been a sub
sidence of the earth at that locality,
bearing the tree down with it to the
depth of two hundred feet below the
ocean level? Or may there have been
an opening in the ground b- some earth
quake convulsion, letting the tree which
grew there down 281 feet below the sur
face? Was the lodgment of this tree, when it
became fastened in its present place, on
the surface of the ground or at the bot
tom of the bay? If the latter, it must
have been waterlogged. If not water
lqgged, what woukl cause it to sink? Is
it not probable that there are many trees
like it at that depth below Santa Clara?
If that large valley has beeL filled in since
that tree was deposited to tnat great ueptn
of 281 feet ana upward, whence came
all the materials to fill it in? Could the
mountains have supplied those materi
als? If so, could they have been brought
down by the action of water alone?
And if so, must there not have been in
earlier times much more water and
much larger floods than we are accus
tomed to seeing? If so, what conditions
in the country produced them? San
Francisco Bulletin.
The severe tonn of the other day
caused one of the most wonderful land
slides on Flume Mountain, Franconia
Notch, ever known in the White Moun
tains. About one mile from the Flume
House, and plainly seen from there, a
great volume of water rushed through
the flume, carrying rocks weighing
many thousand tons through to Pemige
wassct River, half a mile below. It has
made the celebrated place more won
derful than ever, having extended the
high walls some 505 feet The scene as
the water subsided was grand beyond
description. No pecuniary damage waj
done. Boston Herald.
An Omaha paper advertisiM "maj
tfagp toilet for gentlemen. '
SCHOOL AND CHURCH.
"Missionary Hen's Uest" is the
name of a Baptist Church in Yalabusha
Countv. Mississippi, from the fact that
the ladies of the church contribute eggs
to tho missionary cause.
The little island of Atafu, in the
South seas, is said to be the only
purely Christian country in the world.
Every adult on the island is a member
of the churck on confession of faith.
The American Bible Society has
received letters from Constantinople
indicating a disposition on the part of
the Turkish Government to withdraw
its objections to the distribution of the
Scriptures. iV. Y. Examiner.
A bright little girl in the First
Presbyterian Sabbath School at Hud
son, N. Y., upon beingasked what sort
of a spirit that of the Pharisee was, re
plied: "It was doing a good thing, and
then feeling big over it"
"It might have been wise," re
marked a Hostonian, "to have kept the
churches open these cool summer Sun
days, and shut them instead when the
bitter winds of January are blowing,
but it wouldn't have been fashionablo.
Comfort rarely is." Boston Transcript.
The Congregational statistics of
Connecticut, just issued, show January
1, H-3,2Q7churuhes;33 had uo minister.
There were 54,663 members. In 1882
the ad-Htions were 2,303, and removals
2,238 a gain of only 65. The addi
tions by profession exceeded the re
movals'by death by 213. The Sunday
school enrollment was 51,675.
The opening lecture of W. Robert
sou Smith, in Cambridge University,
as Professor of Arabic, broke a non
conformist silence in that institution of
221 years. Nothing of the kind has
been suffered before since the act of
uniformity expelled dissenters from the
universities.
Let it be understood and remem
bered that every good school taught,
helps every other good school, be it
public or p'rivate. There need bo no
jealousy and no antagonism there
should be none between the public and
private school. American Journal of
Education.
Dr. John Hall, speaking recently,
thus eulogized "Protestantism." He
was dealing with the assertion that
"Protestantism is a failure:" "How,"
asks the Doctor, "can that be a failure
which in A. I). 1500 did not exist, and
in 1883 controls populations to the ex
tent of 403.000,000, while its rivals, the
Roman and Greek churches, combined,
control 280.000.000?
The Quakers at Winthrop, Me.,
have introduced a wonderful innovation
on old customs. They are building a
meeting house which is actually to be
beautiful. It will exceed in its decora
tive splendor any other Friends' meet
ing house in this country. Other meet
ing houses are bare and unpainted.
This one will be tastefully upholstered.
It will also be finished in hard wood.
A bell is talked of, but it is thought
that the conservative tendencies of the
Friends will be sufficiently strained by
the upholstery, the hard-wood finish,
and the generally ecclesiastical appear
ance of the house. This denomination
lias hitherto stoutly resisted all innova
tions of this sort. Boston Post.
PUNGENT PARAGRAPHS.
A stranger in the city, seeing the
places of public resort full of young
men, night after night, asked if this
was the land of the midnight son.
Boston Transcript.
Rattler says the cures effected bv
laying on of hands is an old story witn
him. His mother often indulged in
the past-time in times past. Boston
Courier.
A man named Darling lives in Far
go, and when any one calls to him on
the street every young lady within three
blocks blushes' and looks around. Bis
marck Tribune.
It is said that a grasshopper will
kick thirteen days after being decapi
tated. According to"the rules of dyna
mics, then, a mule ought to kick 2,000
years. Burlington Free Press.
Here is another point in favor of
the Darwinian theory: There is a boy
in Norristown who "sprang from a
mouke3'." The monkey belonged to
an organ-griuder, and attempted to
bite the boy. Xorristown Herald.
"I need have no more fears from
that quarter," is what the storekeeper
remarked as he threw the counterfeit
25-cent piece in the fire, which had
come back to him several times. Yon
kers Statesman.
The guinea hen lays up her treas
ures on the earth. And that's the rea
son why you never find her nest until
you step in it, and find yourself knee
deop in about two bushels and a half of
o8' largely fractured and possessed
of a marked individuality. Burdette.
When a young man tries for three
minutes in church to brush a sunbeam
off his coat, under the impression that
it is a streak of dust and then looks up
find vio n. nrtt- orirl lnntrlnnnr Mt. him
he kind of loses the thread of the ser
mon, temporarily, as it were. Hart
ford Post.
"Well," said a jaunty son-in-law,
lounging in from the office with his
fatiier's mail, "you've got a postal
from ma, and she says she's met a cy
clone." "Pitv the cyclone," was the
old gentleman's crusty reply, as he
jabbed his pen into the inkstand. Bur
lington Hawk-Eye.
"Ethel," asked the teacher, "whom
do the ancients say supported the world
on his shoulders?" "Atlas, sir."
"You're quite right," said the teacher.
"Atlas supported the world. Now who
supported Atlas?" "I suppose," said
Ethel softly, "I suppose he married a
rich wife." Eli Perkins.
"Ole man," said a negro woman to
her husband, "yer's a dnnkin' yerself
ter death. Yer's goin' down every
day." "So is de ribber goin' down
ebery day, but it ain't got dar yet. Go
on an' chop some wood an' let de olo
man study 'bout flosofy." "Dar's
plenty ob wood cut, sah," "Go an'
tote some water, den." "I'se dun
fotch plenty ob water." "Well, go an'
fetch some moab. Dar's nuthin' like a
'oman keepin' her han' in. Let her
alack up fur a while an' she's sp'ilt"
Arkansaw Traveller.
Not New to Him.
A group of ladies and gentleman sat
upon the hotel veranda. The subject
af their conversation was bathing, and
fight merrily the nimble tongues rat
iled. Miss A. had to tell how dreadfully
frightened she was when she first entered
the surf; Mrs. B. gave her infallible rules
igainst chills; young Mr. C. boasted of
his natatorial exploits, when the la
dies gazed upon him admiringly; Miss D.
told for the twentieth time about her
having "such a time this morning" in
in the salt sea waves, and messieurs and
mesdames the remainder of the alpha
bet added each his and her quota to the
edifying conversation. As Fogg, who
sat near the party, had saicLnothing all
this time, it ocenred to one of the
ladies to remark:
"1 suppose our conversation- dosen't
interest you very much. Mr. Frogg?"
"Not particularly," he replied; "the
subject hasn't the charm of newness to
me, you see. I frequently bathe when I
am at home." Boston Transcript.
Do not despise the American hen.
She is industrious. She lays everyyear
9,000,000,000 eggs. She earns the right
to cackle. Some of these egg3 may be
bad. It is not -the hen's fault. She
does the best she can. Out of the 9,
000,000,000 deeds that-men do'more or
less of them are bad. A hen's egg is
good when fresh. Men's deeds are not
tflt to to SO. Chicago Herald.
TZSs ,iPg's!s:'y Z'jhssi X. - tr5r5-H
EASTWARD.
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3STOTICE
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