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About The Columbus journal. (Columbus, Neb.) 1874-1911 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 15, 1882)
THE JOURNAL. "WEDNESDAY. NOV. 15. 1832 Zztf.ti at the r:rte5:o, Colcntu. ITe'b.. as eUs: sitter. teeead Brrctkin:; Them in at West Point. After receiving the appointment, each candidate is sent from the War Depart ment a synopsis of what will be required. - ot him at the academy, together with a list of the books he will use upon being admitted. This list, to man3r, is "fright ful to contemplate;" but it does not de ter the candidates, and in the middle of "June something like 120 young men, dreaming of a soldier's life and its at tendant glorv, report at the Post Ad jutant's office at West Point. In a little room situated in the west end of the 'building await a cadet captain and four cadet corporals. The corporals are thiid-class men, and, in cadet parlance, have just "shed their pleb skins," and feel iu due proportion the importance barn of a little brief authority. The luckless candidate knocks at the door of this official saucuim, and, hearing a gruff " Come iu," opens it. Instanter every cadet jumps to his feet and yells, "How dare you, sir, come into our pres ence with your hat on? Go out and take it off, directly, sir!" The candi date meekly obeys, goes out, removes his hat, and re-enters, this time proba bly without knocking, when he is again ordered out with more abuse than be fore. When he finally succeeds in en tering in a manner .satisfactory to his tormentors, he is told to fix his eyes on a nail in the wall, and to answer all questions put to him. Upon being asked his name, he in all probability responds, Charles Lawrence or Ilichard Nelson, as the case may be, when another storm In) in the "yearling" corporals warns , him that another mistake is made. "Have yon no respect for yourself? If you have, just put a 'mister' before that name, and to show your respect for us, put a 'sir' after it. Now, then, what's your name?" "Mr. Ilichard Nelson, sir." "inat'3 ngnt: now rememocr that, from this time until next June, you are 'Mr. Ilichard Nelson, sir,' to all up per classmen." This farce is gone through with every candidate. This is a mild form of baaing, and the questions aslced and the answers required are as old as the academy itself. The candidates, or "beasts," as the glossary of the Point designates the new cadet" before admission, remain quar tet ed in barracks until their preliminary examinations are over. These examina tions occupy three days, and at the end of that time the "beasts" are informed of the result, and those who have passed successfully are sized, assigned to com panies, and marched into camp. Ar rived in camp, the new cadets, who have now changed from "beasts" to "plebs," are generally met by the year ling class, armed with brooms, who present arms with mock solemnity as the plebs march by. The new class is now divided into pqunds of six men each and put under the charge of the cadet corporals to be initiated into the pleasures of the "tet-ting-up" drill. This consists of, four exercises, the object of which is to straighten the body. The terrors of i his drill can noi be exaggerated. A corpo ral will frequently march his squad to a secluded place and there give the com mand: "Continue the motion, second exercise!" At this command the squad raise their hands over their heads, and, bending the body at the waist, endeavor to touch the ground without bending the knee. The command, "continue the motion," means that the exercise is to be gone through with time after time, without rest, until it suits the conven ience of the corporal in charge to give the command to cease. A case is known where one cadet went through the sec ond exercise 280 times without cessation. This is a species of "legitimate hazing" that may seem cruel, but fhe cadet thinks it is really the only course to pursue, inasmuch as, if a pleb is treated too well, he will jrrow lax in his atten tion, whereas, if he is treated harshly his even' nerve will be strained to do right and thus shorten the agony. Hazing proper is performed by the members of the yearling clasa who" were not fortunate enough to obtain chevrons, but who constitute themselves a commit tee of the whole to jec that the pleb's life is made miserable. Most of this hazing is carried on in the sink, which, beins: underground, affords security to the hazir. Here the piebs are treated to a "giimpse of Niagara Falls," which consists of standing them on their heads and allowing two streams of cold water from hydrants to run up their trousers legs, are taught "how to climb Zion's hill" to .slow music, which is simply trying to walk up the wall to any tune that the pleb happens to know, are required to crow, to recite the alphabet "with appropriate gestures," and, in . short, to do anything and everythi ig that a human or inhuman brain can devie to make a man appear ridiculous. A refusal on the part of the victim invariably leads to a fight, in which the pleb always gets worsted. Boston Her ald. War Correspondents in the Time of the Pharaohs. The ancient Egyptians were mo. t in dustrious with the pen. In many of the hieroglyphics the scribe is repres' nted at work making notes of the proceed ings. In wars he is seen taking down the number of prisoners and other de tails. Thoth, the god of letters, i the Celestial scribe, and is often figured as " writing the names and actions of those in the next world. Among the many documents which have been preserved of this literary race is one containing a history of a war carried on by Ila neses II., and which is supposed by arch:colo gists to have been written at the time. As the author is des -ribed as a "Royal Scribe," he in all probability accompa nied the army, and describes what he 8aw on the spot. There Is no hint as to the exigence of "Kales," still less of "llevised Rules," in relation to corres- ' pondents at that date. Royal sciibes no doubt did their work on certain con ditions, and the result, if we ma ju Ige by this particular papyrus, is certainly such that it is not likely to prejudice anv one in favor of dictation being u-ed to ward those who make records of historv. From this poiut of view the ancient document posses-es an interest at the moment, and the Horse Guards and the public will be none the worse for hear ing what results "when those who mike the battles are the onlv ones to write." The roval scribe in this case was named "Pentaur;" and the war was one against the "Kh'ta," or Cheta the Hittites, whose alphabet and lan guage has boca a subject of so much interest among arch;rologists latclj-. The field of action was at K.tdesh, on the Orontes. Rame?cs had led his army from Egypt, and the "vile chief of ( jhcta, with many aliases aceompamins h.m, lay ambushed to northwest."" The Hittites must have fc lined a larg aimy, for they had drawn troops from the whole country, as far cast as Nal arina, or Mesopotamia. The Egyp'ian army was in brigades, and the names of them arestatodr There was the brigade of Amnion, the brigades of Ptah and Set all names of gds in the Egyptian Pantheon. The brigade of Ra-Haruiachis was in the center, "and feared nut to fight,'" so they marched right into the ambush on the northwest, which the Chetas had planned The brigade was j nemv "foot and 1 beaten back bv the enemy "foot and horse of lving'Rameses gave way before I them." Rameses was equal to the J OfMAStnn Mnnntiul nn his Oirroit hnrca " 'ffreat horse. called "Victory in Thebes," he rushed to the front, "he pierced the line of the e, e vile CaeU; be wm all aloae, no - ...-.. .T.vuiivw Wi WW &.. WM.W 7 other with him. When he advanced to survey behind him he found there encircled him 2,600 chariots Stopping his way out, every champion of the viie Cheta." There were thrf a - ten in each chariot, and Rameses hac s chief, no marshal, no captain of th chers ; fled were his troops" and horse ; he was left alone to fight the foe. He had no fear; he put confidence in his god Amnion, whom he reminds of all the temples and obelisk he had erected to niui of all the sacritices he had offered and fixing his trust in this deity, with his "strong sword of Ra," he went in lor the vile Khita, and there follows a splendid description of his deeds, which leaves the most fertile of our coiners of words among specials of the day far behind. Pentaur writes with an unhesitating pen, or else the staff officer appointed by Rameses to supervise the teljrams must have seen to it. King Ramesw prevaih d, of course, over the vast host opposed to him. Not one escaued. The absence of any one except hL squire Menna, to assist Rameses, is repatcdlv insisted on. He did it all himself; he faced the 2,500 with his sword of might, and the exact number of killed is stated as 100,000 by this veracious correspondent. The Khita were subdued and their chief made his homage, and the story winds up with some big words about the greatness and glory of Rameses. This campaign took place, according to Lepsius, some time between 13S8 ana 1322 B. C, and the whole account, as written by Pentaur, will be found in the Records of the.Past,' Vol. IL, p. 75. It need scarcely by pointed out that a story like this throws a doubt about all events which are related in ancient documents connected with the history of Egypt, to which it may be hinted that it also leads to skepticism in re gard to most history. It may be said such stuff could not have been written in our time. Well, perhaps not; yet Arabi has had his doings recorded in the present war, and, according to his scribes, he has sunk our iron-c!ads,killed great nnmbers ot our soldiers and sail ors, and has our Admiral at this mo ment safe as a prisoner in Cairo. In writing historyt the modern Egyptian here bears a very strong resembUnce to the ancient one. It is a very simple case so far as the moral is concerned. It is human nature, like Rameses and Arabi, to desire greatness and glory, and that desire will have a tendency to manifest itself wherever it can manage to do so. Although we are not likely to have such exaggerations as above quoted sent home to us, still there is always the power of telling a story in more ways than one, and a3 we at home only wish for the truth, the less our correspond ents are tampered with the better. The new rules and revised rules will un doubtedly have the tendency to make "Pentaufs" of them, and more or less to render doubtful the important parts of our own history. tendon Daily News. The Tiger. Speaking of King Faro in New York and Boston, the Roston Globe savs: The mere mechanism of againe which can scarcely be learnea otherwise tnan by observation and practice is not easy of description. How can the mysteries be conveyed to those who know" not of "c ppering," "singleout," "break evens," ".-id h" and "evens," of the refined article of switching and the unavailing of the "whipsaw?" Let it mr rely ba said tiiat a full pack of cards is i : sorted hices upward in a metal box, op i at o-h' side; that the alternate cai Is fr m the top one win, and the alt iate cards from the second one los . This is the order of rotation from th- to'i ; the first card, of course, being co m lered ded, the third,fifth,seventh, ni h and .-u on will win, and the see or fourth, sixth, eighth and so on will los . Cards may be backed to win or lose. All bets are even, save when only on- urn, i. c, four cards remain in the bo .. Of these four cards two are con sid .vd do id, the. top one as belonging to he previous turn and the one at the bo torn as being the last in the pack, an i for bets made on the other two, od 1 of four to one are offered against nt tiling them in their order. This, at first sight, seems a liberal proposition; bin a slight reckoning of the many dif ferent c inibiuations that may be made with the cards will show how great an advantage the banker has in this case ovit the better. The latter character-isi.i- is, indeed, general with faro, as wi'h iuot, other lianking games. The only ostensible advantage of the bank at Tiro is in the splits, or the coming toj.thnr of two single cards, in which ca e one-half of the bets fall to the ba iker instead of being considered evn. The game is recorded on a small in strument called a case or cue keeper, resembling the framed wires strung with wonden balls used for countiner at school. The proportion in favor of the bank is estimated at fifteen per cent, against any individual player, but, of course, the collective advantage is far greater. The sucoess of the game, backed by sufficient capital to resist a few lucky bets, is a mathematical cer tainty, like roulette and other games, to which dupes and spendthrifts nave been contributing for centuries. The devices for cheating at faro are numerous, and even in an honestly con ducted house a player constantly back ing certain cards or pursuing a system would be liable to lose, for the dealer who shuttles and cuts for himself is gen erally practiced enough to arrange the deal or at least some part of it much to his own wish. The dealers of faro acquire their calling only by long and careful practice. They are generally sharp, keen and impassive men. An expert dealer can always command a fair salary, generally from $25 to $100 per week, and even larger prices are paid when the services ren dered justify it. Woolen Machinery. The statistician makes known on the authority of good judges that a woolen mill requires thorough renewal every double decade. There are altogether nine thousand sets of woolen machinery in the country. The number worn out and replaced every year is estimated at four hundred and fifty sets. This in cludes thirteen hundred or more cards and spinning mules, with ten to fifteen thousand looms. The price of mules varies from seven hundred and fifty to nine hundred dollars, according to the number of spindles. To replace the mules worn out every year the sum of nearly one million two hundred and fifty thousand dollars is expended. The average durability of the machinery of a miiris about twenty years. The dura bility of different pieces of machinery varie?. A set of cards used carefullv may last half of a century. The clott ing on them may be renewed every five years. Looms are long lived. They may continue in use fifty years, but gen erally twenty years' service is about as much as they can render. The mules' average time of durability is fifteen years. A set of cards comprises gener ally three to four separate cardinjf ma- I chines. In manufacturing different J styles of woolens there are thirty-five ' or forty different processes, and nearly every process calls into ue a different I kind of machine. Providence Journal. Three Jersev infants, asred eleven. ten, and seven years, have been arrested for breaking into a saloon and m-iL-ino off with all the liquor and sears thev could carry, and whatever change thev AnnM rraf hnlii rt A rnn u UWU1U. CV.U UVF41A could get hold of. A seven-year-old burglar is a sad and humiliating com ment on the education and care of young nuarea in AmeriM. vnrutttm The Niagara HacVaan. "Niagara la a nice place," I ven tured ; "I would like to live here all the year. Is the society good?" " S'ciety goodP You bet! I'm a mem ber of six churches, four lodges of Odd Fellows, all the political clubs, and I don't know how many temperance soci eties. (Sam, that whisky you gave me is not good. You used somebody else's bottle.) Niagara boasts ithe best s'ciety in the world, and everything is reason a ble here. I'll take you all over for S2.25, sir, beih' as it's you." " Too much," I said. "Wait awhile ; tell me something about ypur expe riences up here." " I'll tell you how we do. We" drive up to the depot an' wait for the train. There's about thirty of us, the reg'lars, yon know. When the passengers drop off we look at 'em, kind 'o size 'em up, you know, an1 we cau tell pretty well what a man is worth an' how long he'll stay. If he looks sort 'o poor like an' only oarries a small sachel, we know one day '11 fix him. But if a man an' his wife an' family comes an1 bring three or four trunks, that's a healthy sign, an' we treat him right. We sort o' scram ble among ourselves forjiini, and refuse to take pay for carryin' him to the ho tel, but we give him a card, an' then watch hiin. We find out what rooms he takes at the hotel, where he sits at meals, an' we know all about him. If he tips the waiters, that's another encouraging sign. Then he comes out on the piazza to sit an' smoke after dinner. There's where the tourist makes a mistake. He should stay indoors, but he will come out, an' he is likely feelin' pretty good after his dinner, so then we begins. Do we ever mistake our man? Never, sir, never. We hook him every time. (Yes, Sam, gimme the same.) An' then the bridal parties. Well, bridal parties are the best o' the lot. They pay big, an' never complain. Well, let's drink, an' then I'll show you around for $2, be cause I like you, you know." "Thanks," I timidly said, as I hid my blushes. ""There was a party, just married, came here from Chicago last week. 1 booked 'em. I want to see the falls,' said the husband, 'an' I want to be driven all over; how much will it cost?' I sized him up an' says, 'Ten dollars, sir, an' I'll give you my best team.1 His wife said she would like it, and in they got. I drove em over to the park, got 'em inside, and the gatekeeper says $1.50, please.' The man paid it. I took 'em over to the shaft, to go down, an' the keeper says, '$1 each, please. He paid it. Down-stairs the man said, '$1 each to go under the falls.' He paid it. Then over Suspension Bridge; '$1.75,' said the man in charge, lie paid it. Down to the whirlpool. 'Fifty cents each,' said the keener. He paid it. Then around to the place where you can see Brock's monument. 'Fifty cents each,' said the keeper. He paid it. Then up to the Burning Spring we weut. 'One dollar each,' said the man at the door. He paid it. Then to the museum; it took 'fifty cents each.' Oh, how the fellow kicked. Then 'My dear,' he said to his wife, 'go inside, I'll be in soon.' But he comes to me au' he says : 'Ole chap, how many more places are there?' A dozen or fifteen,' says I. 'Well, here,' he says, 'I'll make a deal with you. When my wife comes out tell her there are no more places to visit, and I'll give you $5.' He did. an' I lied to his wife an' drove 'em home. They took the train that night, an' I missed 'cm. Bill Johnson carted 'em down to the depot an' charged 'em two dollars each." "They paid well," I suggested. ' Yes, fairly well ; I'll take you over to see every tiling for 5SI.0U, sir; 'cause you're an agreeable fellow. (Yes, gim me the same, Sam.") "I'll go to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. Come around to the hotel for me.' "Look at that rig, eh;" the hackman said; "how's that for style?" "Splendid," I said, as a prettily dressed young lady drove by in a village cart. " Yes, sort o pretty," he said. "I'm her father, an' she likes style." " That's a pretty house on the cor ner," I said, as we moved on the street. "Some nabob with lots of money lives there, I suppose?" "That house over yonder? That house with the high stoop and stained glass windows? It's mine? My wife liked it, and I bought it to oblige her!" " You'll call at nine o'clock to-morrow?" I said. " Yes," he said, "I'll take you all around for a dol 1 ar. Good-by ! ' ' I went to my hotel. I asked for my bill. I didn't like it. It was too big. I am not Vanderbili nor Rothschild. I had no desire to see the falls. I would take the first train out. I had just time to write a few words to the man who had drank at my expense, as follows: f Want to see the Falla. Or tin- P.irk. Or (Joat Island. Or tio under the Fulls. Or see Suspension 11 ridge. Or the Whirlpool. Ortho Burning Spring. Or the Museum. Or the Cataract. Or the Horso-.shoe. Or see the American Falls. I don't IORSEK YOU! And 1 slipped out of the hotel, dis guised, and took the next train. N. '. Express. Aaecdotes of Cellini. This soulptor had an eventful life, and the story of it, written by himself, is one of the most interesting books of its class in existence. He was born in Florence, in 1500, and died in lo70. He gives a very interesting though improbable ac connt otthe origin of his family, which is that "Julius Cesar had a chief and valorous Captain named Fiorino da Cellino, from a castle situated four miles from Monte Fiascone. This Fiorino having pitched his camp below Fiesole, where Florence now stands, in order to be near the river Arno, for the conven ience of the army, the soldiers and other Eersons, when they had aocasion to visit im, said to each other:- 'Let us go to Fiorenza,' which name they gave to the place where they were encamped, partly from their Captain's name of Fiorino, and partly from the abundance of flow ers which grew there; wherefore Ctesar, thinking it a beautiful name, and con sidering flowers to be of good augury, and also wishing to honor his Captain, whom he hail raised from an humble station, and to whom he was greatly attached, gave it to the city which he founded on that spot." Benveuuto was of so fiery a temper that he was arly involved in a serious quarrel and tied to Sienna, and then to Bologna. When he dared ho returned to Florence and resumed his work, but soon again became angry because his best clothes were given to his brother, and walked off to Pisa, where he re mained a year. Meantime he had be come skillful in the making of various articles, and not only his execution but his designs were so fine that in some respects he has never been excelled. When Cellini was eighteen years old, the sculptor Torregiano who had giv en Michael Angclo a blow upon the nose which disfigured the great sculptor for life returned to Florence to engage workmen to go with him to England to execute a commission which he had re ceived. He desired to have Cellini among the number, but the youth was so outraged by Torregiano's boasting of the disgraceful deed that he refused to go, in spite of the natural desire of his age for travel and variety. Doubtless this predisposed Michael Angelo in his favor, and led to the friendship which he afterward showed to Cellini. At length, in 1545, Cellini returned to Florence, never again to leave it for any ; considerable time. He was favorably ' received by Duke Cosiato, aadraoalvM a commission to make a statue of Perseus to be placed in the Loggia riui L.itm. When Cellini heard this, his ambition was much excited by the thought that a work of his should b? placed beside those of Michael Angel 3 and I) matello. The Duke gave him a 'muse in -vhich to work and a salary sufficient fr his sup port. Nine years p used before tiie statue was in place and u icovcicd: but at last the time came for the catinir; everything was prepared, and just at tne important ni iment, when ifeat care and watchfulness was needed, Cjdiiii vas seized with so seve -e an illness that lie was forced to go t- bed and believed that he would son die. Aa he lay Ux-MMg iu agony, some one ran in and exclaimed: "0!i, lie nve un to! your work is ruined p.ist earthly remedy!" Ill as he w.t he rushed to the furnace, and found that the fire was not stiific'e M anil th. metal hid cooled and ceased Jo How into the mold. By supe-htma:i off irts he lemedied the disaster, and aga'ii the bronze was liquid; he p ayed e.irne-tly. and when he saw that his in il I was'filUd, to use his own words: "1 fell on my knees and thanked God vith all wv heart, after which I ate a hearty inel with my as sistants, and, u being then two hours before dawn, went : bed with a light heart, and slept as sweetly as If I had never been ill iu my life." We have spokeu of h;s autobiog raphy, which was honored by being made an authority in the Accademia dell.i Crusca on Hccount of its expres sive diction and rich use of the Floren tine manner of speech; ho also wrote a valuable treatise upon the goldsmith's art, and another upon sculpture and bronze-casting. He takes uo all the departments of these arts, and his writ ings are of great value. He also wrote poems and verses of various kinds. But his association with popes, kings, cardinals, artists, men of letters, and people of all classes, makes the story of his life by far the most interesting of all his literary works. Clara Er skive Clement, in St. Nicholas. The Corean Massacre. The Corean populace took occasion on the 23d of July last to show their power in the way of summary vengeance upon their rulers and statesmen. On that day the insurgents took poession of the streets of Seoul, the National Capital, and attacked the royal resi dence; there the Qieen was murdered; the heir to the throne and his betrothed, both children, were poisoned ; thirteen Ministers of State and various other dignitaries were slaughtered ; and these proceedings were instigated and con ducted by the late Regent Tal-in-Kun. The King's person is, according to Co rean law, religion and tradition, sacred ; it is inviolable even to human touch, and to this is probably due the fact that he did not perish with his wife and son. Corea is a dependency of China, though Japan has always "laid claim to it. The Kingdom has been recognized by China and Japan, and has paid tribute to China. The people and Gov ernment, so far as any division was per mitted, have incliced toward the Japa nese or Chinese, between whom there is a strong antipathy and jealousy. The present King is a comparative youth, and during his minority Tai-in-Kun has been R rent. During his government he has absolutely prohibited all inter course with foreign people or Govern ments. The Chinese and Japanese alone had representatives, and that these were supporters of differing poli cies is evident. The Chinese were par tisans of the exclusive or anti-foreign policy, while the Japanese were friends of the open policy. On the day of the insurrection the mob of insurgents attacked also the Japanese Legation. The Envoy and Consul escaped with a few others, but the Japanese generally in the city were murdered. Thoso who escaped suc ceeded in reaching a British vessel on the coast. The Capital, under date of Aug. 4, was in a state of anarchy. Tho particular interest which attaches to this affair is due to the fact that Com modore Shufeldt had penetrated the country, and through Japanese aid had negotiated a treaty with the Corean Gov ernment. The Ambassadors met and negotiated at Tientsin, a small town some miles distant from Seoul. This was early in June. Admiral Willes.rep reseuting Great Britain, then undertook, and probably succeeded, in negotiating a similar treaty. Other governments would undoubted ly have made like endeavors. The treaty with the Pnited States has been pub lished and its concessions are very slirht. It provides that Americans may reside at certain specified ports, and may land goods there, but neither persons nor property can be moved to tne interior. Americans may build warehouses and acquire property subject to the jurisdic tion of tne Coreans. The treat' is not, however, as liberal in its concessions to the Americans as are tne treaties now existing with the Chinese and Japanese. While the Government 01 Corea under the influence of the Japanese may have been induced to abandon its traditional policy of non-intercourse with foreign nations, the people of the country were evidently not as far advanced, and the Chinese influence has been opposed to any friendly relations with the United States. Owing to the national hostility to any intercourse with outside nations, and inspired possibly by the special hostility of the Chinese to the Ameri cans, the negotiation of this treaty with this country led to the overthrow of the Government, the massacre of the Queen and her children, and of the Ministers and statesmen who had favored making the treaty, and part of this popular vio lence was directed toward the Japanese, who were held responsible for it. The result of all this will be a decla ration of war by Japan against Corea.in which case China will probably take the part of Corea. Both China and Japan now have fleets of war-vessels built in Europe and strongly armed. Out of this war, once begun, and awakening all the ancient and modern hostilities and antipathies of both nations, will be fought the great question whether Corea is or is not to be a subordinate of China or of Japan. In the meantime, Commo dore Shufeldt's treaty may be considered as finally disposed of, at least until in the distant future the fate of Corea itself shall have been determined. Chicago Tribune. The Telephone Improved. To overcome the local noises charac terizing mills and other places, and which, as is well known, disturbs the successful operation of the ordinary telephone, an instrument has been devised, consisting of a square box, in which are placed both a transmitting and receiving diaphragm; from the chamber of the latter two sound tubes extend, to be received one in each ear, these being kept in place by a small spiral spring, tending to draw the tubes together, and thus keep the small rubber caps on the ends of the sound tubes in place in the ear. The effect of these caps is to shut out all extraneous sounds, and confine those of the receiving tele phone, so that their full force is felt on the ear. The lower part of the box contains the transmitter, which is made very sensitive; pressing a button brings the battery into circuit with the trans mitter. It is claimed that this instru ment will talk 200 miles or more. N. T. Sun. It is proposed by some very scien tific persons to tap the interior of the earth in search of natural heat for me chanical purposes, and they propose to sink their shaft and money in Japaa St Ixuw Glot Aiucricau Diplomacy in the Orient. The conclusion of a treaty between tho United Slates and Corea "adds an other to the peaceful successes of Ameri can diplomacy in the far East. Nearly thirty yenrs ago the Ameriein.Commo doo Pciy, overcoming obstacles which had balll 2-t almst every European na tion, a 1 1 withoir firinga shot or leav ing ill-foiling behind, succeeded in opening ' ipan to foreign intercourse. Four ye fs later Mr. Townsend Harris, ihe A iii Mil' in Envoy, from the seclusion of his legation at Shimoda, without, the "moral" support of a single gunboat, negotiated the treaty with the Japanese, which has been the model for all the treaties made up to the present moment with the poop'e. Tvo years ago Com niodjro Schufelt, in the course of a cruise round the world in the United States war vessel Tieond rga, called into one of th Corean harb;rs with a letter for the King, expressing the de siro of the President for i treaty of amity and eommrci. Leaving this document, he doparu-d as peacefully as he had arrived. When the Coreans had had ample t'rae to digest his request and to consult, their suzerain, the Emperor of China, the Commodore returned alone, and after a fow niuith's stay in North China, wended his way to the United States to obtain the ratification , of a treaty in which t ho King of Corea expresses "his earnest desire to estab lish relations between the two countries on a permanent and friendly footing, and to tacihUite commercial inter course." The "solid substratum of fon-e" on which a distinguished English diplomatist said our relations with Eas tern counties must alone rest has been conspicuous all through the American officer's negotiations only by its ab sence. The history of European intercourse with tho inhabitants of the little penin sula in Northeastern China is brief and melancholy. Tho touching story of the crew of the Dutch vessel wrecked on the Island of Quelpaert in the middle of the seventeenth century, who were de tained among the Coreans for more than thirty years, as told by their "Sec retary," will be found in the pages of "Pinkerton," and need not be further referred to here. It was not until the treaty of Tien-tsin had opened Nortn China and Manchuria to the zeal of Roman Catholic missionaries that Corea was again visited by European. The Jesuit fathers seem to have made their way there about 18G2-C3. We have now only their own accounts of what took place. Their efforts to make converts were, they sav, crowned with success for a few years. But in 18G5 commenced a persecution unparalleled even in the frightful annals of religious persecution in the East. It is said that 150,000 Co reans, men, women and children, lost their lives on this occasion. Of the French priest3, four alone escaped in disguise and assisted by some of the faithful of their flock. An attempt was made by the French fleet in the China seas to take vengeance for this slaugh ter, but it was unsuccessful. Until the history of modern Corea is studied by our scholars in the native works them selves, we cau not correctly ascertain the cause of this persecution. Meantime, the student of the historv of other Oriental nations who finds analogous events will probably look for analogous causes. The subsequent attempts of th Jesuits to cross the Corean frontier, and the success that attended them, will be found recorded in the annals of the "Missions Etrangeres." Mgr. Ridel, who evaded the frontier guards and en tered the country in 1878, has left us an account of his adventures. He pene trated Corea, he tells us, iu the hope of attaining the crown of martyrdom. In this he was disappointed, for he was promptly discovered and imprisoned, to be released a few months afterward at the intercession of the Governments of China and Japan. Buttons of thousands of wretched Coreans, who were sup posed to bo tainted with Christianity, suffered death, many of them with the most horrible torture, because of this gentleman's ambition to be a martyr. An American naval expedition sent to punish an outrage on a ship which sailed up one of the Corean rivers me with little more success than its French predecessor. In 18G8 a steamer manned by American and European filibusters set out from Shanghai to rob the tombs of the Corean Kings, either for the sake of the gold coffins in which Mendez Pinto says they were inelo-ed, or be cause the Jesuits reported that the bod of a dead King could be held for almost any ransom. In 18(50 Ignatieff, then Russian representative at Pekin, taking advantage of the Chinese difficulties with England and r ranee, obtained the cession of a vast tract of Corean terri tory lying in the Amour region. These are a few of the salient point in the history of Corean intercourse with the civilized nations of the West, and it hardly seems a matter for great surprise that Corea should have prefer red exclusion to more intercourse of thi" description. Nor is it difficult to believe the tales told by Japanese trav elers of pillars erected over the whole country calling down a curse on the head of him who should first propose friendship with the hated foreigner. Political considerations have ultimately prevailed. Chinese and Japanese states men have long been persuaded that the only chance of preserving Corea from absorption into Russia and their own countries from a standing monance was to open it to foreign intercourse. Fol lowing their counsels, Coria has now entered the comity of nations. Com mercial advantages she has few to offer. Her total trade with Japan during 18S1, at the three opened ports, hardby ex ceeded a quarter of a million sterling. There is said to be much mineral wealth, but this must be mere surmise at present. Trade or no trade, it is to be hoped that the little kingdom which has just come among us win present an instance of at least one Oriental nation with which England can continue to live without violence or bloodshed. Pull Mall Gazette. The Oldest Inhabitant. William Bassett, an aged negro living In Camden, N. J., last May celebrated lis 126th birthday, and is without doubt .he "oldest inhabitant" of the new vorld. Bassett was born in Delaware in 1755, where his parents were slaves, for many years owned by the Bayard family. During the Revolution Bassett, Mien a young man of twenty-one or twenty-two, was working for a farmer by the name of Wilson. While there Jie married, and became the father of a arge family, each member of whom he Has outlived. Upon the death of his vife Bassett married again. When the war broke out in 1812 he became a body lervant to Col. Morris, of Jackson's army, whom he accompanied to the front at New Orleans, lie married his .hird wife upon his return from tho Mouth, and had by her ouite a numerous "amily, all but one of wnom died prior r the civil war. For the last eighteen tears he has been taken care of by hi Shildren and grandchildren, spending he time between Camden and Moores 5own, to and from which places he h traveled on foot many a time. The last trip was made early in the fall of 1881 His death is now "looked for daily. Philadelphia Record. A man at Lynn, Mass., has recently jaid for a pane of glass which he broke when a boy, thirty-two years ago. He had become tired of waiting for glass to cheapen. Detroit Free Press. m Alabama lightning tore the feathers fff a rooster and threw them over th fence, but he was up and crowing be fore the thunder cam. FORSIKX GOSSIP. A girl slept sovontv-three days at Beaujon, France, and then awokevory slowly, the u.-e of tro faculties as well as the limbs returning onl) by gAdual steps, fepeoch was restor. d last. Two brothers have be?n convicted at York, England, of a crime which has been the basis of many romance tani poring wiih parish legistcrs. To obtain property they forged an entry of birth. James Fleming, late a director in the City of Glasgow Bank, ha jii3tbecn eonvie'ed by the Sotch Hi-.rh Cuirt of Judiciary of enibez.ling ; 2l7,."o5, and sentenced to eight months' imprison ment. There are som audacious thieve in the world. One is a London youth who walked into a yard where a num ber of pinks were irrowinsr. cut them from their stalks, and, kn icking at the front door, sold them for a few pence to their rightful owner. Tho Maharajah of u!rampore,who died recently at Allahabad, was well known to sponsmen in India, and is said to. have ai-tjd at the killing of 8)0 ti!frs. He was o:u of the 111 st re specfed native primes. For distin g'lis'ied service lining the mu'inv he w;is granted a large reward by the Brit ish Government. Italian papprs auuouuce the dis covery at Dorga.i, in the is'and of Sar dinia, of a great stalactite cave. Fifteen galleries have be :u already traced. In one of them there is a "row of pillars like white marble, and the floor is smooth, resembling the finest basalt. hen lit no with torches the c inibiua tions and varieties of coloring are won derfully beautiful. Pollok Castle, lately burned, was one of the most interesting country houses in the wast of Scotland. It was built in the picturesque old Scottish baronial style, about 200 years ago. The walls and entrances of the ODiirtyard were very quaint; everywhere were to be seen carv. d stone representations of the elephantand the greyhound.the sup porters of the Crawford Pollok fami lies. The rainfall of Ceylon for six months in the year is very heavy, and the monsoon bursts sometimes with frightful fury. Thunder and lightning add to the scene. Bridges are swept away almost without warning by the rushing water. Mr. H. F. A. Rohinon,in a-paper lately read before the Institute of Civil Engineers. Ireland, stated that he found by an old diary that on May 14, lSn. his omcial rainfall return showed 7.80 inches; on the 15th, 8.7(1, and on the lfith. 8.:", or a total for three days of 24.91 inches. Sir Charles Bresford, who won distinction at Alexandria, is thus spoken of by ar. officer who knew him fifteen years aco: "That young fellow was the wildest, most reckless boy I ever saw in my life. There was nothing he wouldn't do. And for all that he was a splendid sailor. Tie cotild show older oOJoers than he was all over the ship. Wild as h: .m, too, he was always up straight to the mark when on deck , but between deck well, there was nothing too hot for him. If there was ever a I ingerous place to get into Beresford was there first." The Whipping. Cost in Maryland. The next case was thnt of David (Jardner, a dark-colored man about thirty-five years of Age, charged with assaulting and beatifg his wife, Eliza beth Gardner, a neatly-dressed mulatto woman about the same age. Sh testi fied that they lived at No. 7 Tpton street. On the Jul of the present month he came home and accused her of going across tho street to a store keptTiy a colored man named Jones, and abusing mm, ner nusoana. this she denied, and called Jones over to prove it. When Jones confirmed her statement he flow into a rage, called Jones a liar, and, turning upon his wife, struck her two hard blows with hi3 fist, giving her a black eye, knocked her down, and then kicked and stamped her. Iu his own behalf Gardner stated that he had only struck her with his open baud, and had not kicked nor stamped her when she was down. He seemed to think that she had been too friendly with Jones, who, he said, he knew had given her iee-watcr repeatedly. After giving his evidence Gardner turned, as If to leave the stand, when Judge Dobbin directed him to stop a moment, and told him that, he probably did not know that the last Legislature' had passed a law for the benefit of just such offenders as ho was. The court added : "Your punish ment shall be thirty lashes at the whipping-post." For a moment the man seemed speechless with surprise, and then, looking over his shoulder, as if trying to get a good view of his back, said: "Fou de Lord, Judge, I ruther have seven jears In jail," and shrugged his shoulders with a sort of shiver. The Judge further said that he intended to put "the whipping-post into existence under the law ; that only two or three examples would be necessary, and the offense would be entirely abated. Mr. Edward J. Clarke, counsel for the ac cused, soon after filed a motion for a new trial, and the case will therefore go to the Supreme Bench. He will take the ground that the law Is unconstitu tional, and further, that Gardner was never married to the woman, and he, therefore, did not beat his wife, which is the offense which the law describes. Baltimore American. Baking Powders. The flourishing condition of the bak ing powder trade is evident from a glance at the advertising columns of domestic and religions papers. The cause is probably due to the fact that better results are obtainable with them than with their constituents used sepa rately. And why? The best baking pow ders are made of cream of tartar and soda, mixed in equivalent quantities, some inert substance bein? added to keep them dry. The cook or housewife used to buy the ingredients separately and mix them when she used them, and usuallj- the results were satisfactory. As she trust ed to measuring them in teaspoons of various sizes instead of weighing them, and of course she sometimes got an ex cess of one or the other, and the bread was either "sour" or brown with soda. But another and worse difficulty arose, for the adulteration fiend invaded the cream of tartar can, and this article becaiqe of such uncertain strength that only a prophet could tell how little soda it would neutralize. This went from bad to worse, until some samples were found that contained no cream of tar tar at all. This was the golden oppor tunity for tho "baking powder" men, and they improved it well. While some tried to make a cheap article, others preferred to -make a good one, and amid charges and counter charges of alum, acid, etc., they have gone on roll ing up wealth for themselves, if not for their customors. For those who prefer making their own baking powder we offer the following recipe: Pure cream of tarter, two pounds; bicarbonate of soda; one pound; corn starch, one ounce. All the incredient must be perfectly dry before mixing, and very thoroughly mixed. One teaspoonful is required for one pound of flour. Ii the materials are not pure, of course the re-jult will not be satisfactory. Scien tific American. Queen Victoria invariably transact her public business between breakfast and luncheon, and hardly once in a month does she concern herself wits public affairs at any other time. KENDALL'S KENDALL THE MOST SrtVESSKUL KEMEDY EVl'Ai DI S( OV- EREO; A-IT!S CERTAIN IN ITS EFFECTS, AND HOES NOT RLISTER. ui From COL. L. T. JFOSTIHR. Younv'-towp, Ohio, 3Iuy 10th, 1SJ0 It. J. Hernial! & Co., (wiits: I hail a ver valuable H.MnMrtonian colt whiVhT prized very highly, he had a larj:e bone ypavm on one joint and a miuII one on the other, which made him very lame; I had him under the charge or two veterin-irv Mirjrcoii- who failed to t-ure him. I was one day reading the advertisement of Ken dall's Spavin Cure in the Chicago Express, 1 determined at once totrv it, and "ot onr drugi.t here to j-entl for it. they ordered three bottles. I took them'all and thou-ht 1 would j,'ive it a thorough triil, I ued it according to direction and the fourth dav the coll ceased to be lame, and the lumps had disappeared. I used but one bottle and the cits liinb: aie as free from lumps and as .-mm-th as anv hor-e in the tite He i.- entirely cured. The cure va- so remarkable that I let two of uiv nei"tiunr have the remaininn two to;t!. who are now umii it. ' Very respectfully, L. T. FO-s l'KR. FROM THE ONEONTA PRESS, N. Oneontu. New York, .Ian. t;th Early last summer 3Ie-srs. H. J. ICend.ilI ,fc Co.. of Kncluir!;h Falls Vt ... . .." 1.1. .1. . i.t: 1 .... ... ri . 1. ... . . uoiuruci iiu me iuuiimht. i irn; i-.u -triinifi nit iii nit-iiici n -i ivciiii.iii in tut in in .i iu.iuiui ui ijkijks. i-iiuiirii ii. it-iiii;iu s i realise on lue Horse and his Disease?, which we are jzivinir to advance paying subscribers to the I'rest as premium ' About the time the advertisement lirst appeared iu this paper .Mr. J. C s5,.lt.r merhorii. who resides near oilier-, had a .spavined horse He read the 'advertise ment and coieluded to test the efficacy or the reined v. although his frit-mis Hu..,...j at his crcduilitv. He botmht a bottle of Kendall's Spavin Cure and commenced usin" it on the horse iu accordance with the directions, and he informed u this week tint it effected such a complete cure that an expert lior.-.-maii. who exami'icd the aiiim-u recently cou'd find no trace of the spavin nrfi" id ice where ii hid be !...-it...i i.. v i- . Mm r.iiiiniir i ai i.ftAi- 1 ftnvavimi i - .- . . I I v -ii . ... chertiierh'-rii Iris .since lispa, s. v hich he prize." ecu red a copy vc: v hi:!ii pro idea In- could not obtain another copy. KENDALL'S SPAVIN CURE. t. oluuibian-i. Ohio. Dee. ITth. 1SS,) It. .1. Kendall -Co.. CSYiit: You will tim1 U. - a recommendation Irom ..iir f vpre.sm:u.. Wi sell I.o: .lull's Spavin Cun :md lind ail who iist. jr arc pletsd with it. You ni-iy send u mo-c :uli rtiiuj; matter, and a few ::iee nl u it tt our n im,-., ' t!l"'- CoNI.KY ,v ixlNi;. It. .1. Kendall v Co., tSeiit-: I am UMiir our Spain tore t'm- :i lm n-im (liouirht ot Cuiley & Kin-.?, Dru.'L'isfs, Columbiana. oim.) I iin ;; just the thtii- t.,' cure a snain: the l-imene-s h is ail t-ft m m.ire, -id b liir:Ii.-r ;im-t,i the cure I look tor "the lump to Ieive. Tin- om- bottle a- worth to me ieu tim -s the .. r Yours truh, FUAXK ItKI.L. KENDALL'S SPAVIN CURE. HflHH Hoist to bone spavin bunch. H.-. I lilIC bottle entirely cured . One Yours respectfully Rents:! have It. .T. Kerdall & Co I lind it'eijually ynod for removing enlargement. many oilier Yours KENDALL'S SPAVIN CURE. Kendall's Spavin Cure is sure in its etb-eis. mild in its action as it docs n.,t blister, yet it is penetrating and powerful to reach any de-p -fited ;.iin or m re. move any bony growth or any other enlargement if used for srwra! day-,, such its spavins, splints, callous, sprains, swelling, am Jameiie.s- and all ciilai.i-'niciii- of the joints or limbs, or rheumatism in man and tor any purpose for which a liniment is used for man or beast, tt i now know u to ! the hi--; iiiiiiu nt t .r 111 m ever a-,- 1 actintr mild yet certain in its t tf.-i-ts. It i us.-d 1:1 full irfii,'ili w it.i p.-rlVct s ,f, t, it all seasons of the year. Send address for Illustrated Circular, which we think ives positive proot. of its virtues. No remedy has met with such unqualilicd micc-- to our knowledge, for beast as well as man. Price $1 per bottle, or six bottle- for s". ALL DRUGGISTS have it or can get it for you, o any address on receipt of pi ice, bv the proprictoi s. Dr. 15. J. KENDALL & CO. iv.osburg Falls, Vermont. or it will be sent t 18 sold :by all druggists. TRAVEL ONJLY VIA TIIK 'M, KNOWN AS si KOIt ALL l'OISTs EAST AND WEST. Daily Express Trains are now run to Chicago, Omaha & Denver Via LINCOLN, AMI CETWKKN KmmnsCity, AtcIiioa Ac Denrrr. 2KXPKKS.S 'IK A IV lily BETWEEN OMAHA AND LINCOLN. All Through Trains are cuipped with new and elegant Pullman Palace Cars, Day Coaches and Uaggage and Kvpresf. lars or tne latest designs. Through Tickets at Lowest Bates Are on sale at all principal Stations, where passengers cau obtain information as to Itoutes, Kates and Connections, and can secure Sleeping-Car accommodations. Quick Time, Sure Connections, No Delays, As trains run to and from Union Depots at all principal points. I. S. I!uti. GenM T'k't A'gt. 23y Omaha. Xkii. LAND, FARMS, AND CITY PROPERTY FOR SALE, AT TIIK Union Pacfic Land Office, On Lomj Time and loir rate 0 Interest. All wishing to buy Kail Road Lands or Improved Farms will find it to their advantage to call at the l". I. Laud Office before lookin elsewhere as 1 make a specialty of buying and .selling lands on commission; all persons wish ing to sell f.mim or unimproved land will tind it to their advantage to leave their lands with me for sale, as my fa cilities for affecting sales are unsur passed. I am prepared to make tina! proof for all parties wishing to get a patent for their homesteads. ISf Henry Cordes, Cleik, writes and speaks German. SAMUEL C. SMITH, Agt. U. P. Lrid Department. 021-y COLUMHUS. NEB gold.: Great chince to make money. Those who al ways take advantage of the good chances for making money that are offered, general ly become wealthy, while those who do not improve such chances remain in poverty. We want many men. women, boys and girls to work "for us right in their own localities. Any one can do the work properly from the first start. The business will pay more than ten times ordinary wages. Expensive out fit furnished free. No one who engages fails to make money rapidly. You can devote your whole time to the work, or only your spare moments. Full infor mation and all that is needed sent free. Address, Sxcfgoy & Co., Portland 3Iainc. BOEINGM BnnT SPAVIN CUKE ! A IX) ' V EL LENT rUU nr.v,..v F L K t h : &2TREAH PROOF BELOW .gj Y. i:jsi. nude a jtcm 'r :i n 111 column advertisement fa one si;iimi ure. .i me same 11 u- we secured ot Kelid:;!! licati-i un tile llni-,.- in. 1 I. ,j and :. ni'il ! e mill to .-irt uitli at -uiv 1.1-1..- oi.zui h tr adxertisnuj reliable article-! Knrhester. I ml.. N . :'nit. isc It .1. Keluiail A- i o.. Jents: Pi,.,,. ,,,1 it- u i.pinv .: .ult rtisi 1 iintt,. tor Kei. tl.i!l S "vai i Cure. It has i koimI sale here ,ios th.' I.i-st ulsali.st.-.i Hon. Ot :i,i ,. hair -old e have yet to learn the lirt uutavora ble report. Wrj repectltillv. ".I. D YVUX a- SoX. Winthrop. Iowa. Xox.A'M. IS'ii It. .1. Kendall & Co.. :ents:-K ,-lo-ed .lease tied i" cents tor otir ti-e-itis 1 ti... rgr .-.11 usini: your Spavin Cure on once: m lu.r,..s i.,r the lamciii"- and removed iim.t nil 1 1... LKKItoy .M. (it: IIAM. Milwaukee. U'i- , l.-in. sth. 1SS. the highest opinion of Kendall's s;.MX :t. , ,.,. troiinies named by you. and particularlj lor very truly. C. F. ItUADI.HY, 1870. 1882. THE joliiiiibiis 1 on nuil Is conducted as a FAMILY NEWSPAPER, Devoted to the best mutual inter et.s of its readers and it publish, ers. Published at Columbus. IMattp county, the centre of the agricul tural portion ofXubraska.it is ad by hundreds of people east wboam looking towards Nebraska h.m their future home Its .subscribers iu veitr.iska ap the staunch, solid portion of the community, as is evidenced by JOUKNML has the fact that the never contained a "dun" against them, and by the other fact that ADVERTISING In its column always bring ffs reward. l:usincs is business, mid those who wish to reach the solid people of Central Nebraska will lind the columns of the Jouknal. a splendid medium. JOB WORK Or all kinds neatly and ijuickly done, at fair prices. This species of printing is nearly always want ed in a hurry, and, knowing this fact, we have so provided for It that we can furnish envelopes, let ter heads, bill heads, circulars, posters, etc., etc., on very short notice, and promptly on time ah we promise. SUBSCRIPTION. 1 copy per annum $2 0 " Six months tHi " Three mouths, fill Single copy sent to anv address in the L'uited States for Acts. K. TURNER & CO., Columbus, Nebraska. EVERYBODY Can now afford A CHICAGO DAILY. TIIK CHICAGO HERALD, All the News every day on four large jiaircsnf seven columns each. The Hon. Frank Pilmer ( Postmaster of Chi cago), Kditor-in-Chief. A Hcpuhlicuu Daily for $5 per Year, Three mouths, $t.."f. One trial ." cents. month on CHIC A C O "WEEKLY HERALD" Acknowledged by everybody who has read it to be the best eight-page paper ever published, at the low price of 81 PER YEAR. Postage Free. Cnntain- correct m.irkel reports, alt the news, and general readin interest. ing to the farmer and hi family. Special terms to agents and clubsl SamDle Copies free. Address, CHICAGO HERALD COMP'Y 120 and 122 Fifth-av., 40-tf CHICAGO, JLL 1 j i iffc f - -n