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it A COMPLETE HISTORY
OF Hit
2 DREYFUS
LAbfc
On Inn 4 mi while nil Paris was
plivshnll ficczlng lint tin ntnll nl boil
lug pnitil Cnptnln AlfiiMl Die fus was
dcginihil In I In emu hind I f I In IiiIi
Mllltitiie The lumps weie ilinvvtt np In
hollow Miuiite In tin1 tiltlfll stood tlif
condcuinid niaii In full iiiilfnim leitoml
Dunns it nil the finding of I lie cniiit nml
n sous olhclct did I hi iiit Thf nlleged
cihnlmil shouted Vive In Kiiiuce1 as
pnih ItiillKiilty inllliliil upon him
Till SCCHC WHS lllllllllll Noni ptlMCUt
111 ever foi get It Hul on tlu Itoule
vnnlH things weie win hi for tliite tin
low rut pnssions of lie huiiiiili nice weie
being enteied foi after tin- fashion of
the IIIOHt lllStuddl fill III Of Kl elicit glitter
juiiimilisin Tho uulriy wull sen oil lU
primary put pose for nil othir tumbles
wot forgotten People who luiil been
hnvlng nn minimis uunitcr of nn hour be
cause of tho lannmn scandals weie nhlo
lo lurntlii fteely once moie nml to join in
ho genernl outcry And nmld nil t lie
noisy Itupptiitimis of the ciowtl the ex
onptnln piissnl Into exile protesting tluil
he luiil liciii unjiistl foiiilfinned
Die fus was iiimle n lieutenant of ar
tillery In 1882 mill n inptiitii seven yean
Mir wl
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CAPTAIN UIIKVPUH
later His regiment was the Kouitoenth 1
artillery Five enrs liefoie his disgtaic
Dreyfus mtiri iotl the daughter of a ilch
huinonil denlor They li oil in hand
some apartments in the Hue ilu Troen
dcro nn niistocratie stioet He hml nu
independent income of his ow u nud his
xvtfe brought him n huge tlovviy
For some tune piuir to Ins nuest Cap
tain Drejfus hnd been nttnehed to the
second bureau of the genet ul stuff wheie
the first plnns of the mobilisation nud or
ganization of the uimy me discussed nud
prepared The chief of the mililui se
tret service ut tliut time was Du lnty
tie Chun nfteiwmd n niiijor He nml
Iolonei Hcnij weie niuoiit the fuvuiites
of Seiieril le Itnisdcflii
Cuplain niefiis was uiicstcd Oct Ki
1SI The fm l of his nnest did not
tinnspue until n foituiuht Inter It mnde
n ticuieiidous MMinit ion It was nn
noiinced tluil Iuptiiiii lielus ms
chained with selliin militniy Mtiets to
Sei uiunj nud Itulj
Diejfus was defended by M De
innuKe one of the most distiuKuished ml
Micntes in Im is The colonel who pie
Mileil out the linl nml the otliei ollkeis
Meie nppoiuted by Seueinl Hoisdeffie
It was not epeited thnt the pioeeeilings
ould be public The auny and state of
ficials had said that scuiets of impoi
lance nilKht be ilihtlosed Ilieie was n
dlsciikbioii ujion this point Mnitie Ht
iniiiiKe pleading foi publicity In the
couise of his niKUiuent lie declined
The accusation is based upou a hiugle
ilocuinent
lie was promptly foi bidden by Colonel
Mnuiel president of the court uiaitinl
to lepeat his refeience to u sinsle docu
incut
All that tool place in the eomt mmtial
has neer become lnnwn Hut It is
Known that Majoi tin Iaty dc Chun nud
Colonel Heniy weie the chief ncouprs
and thnt higher ollieinls Nolcmuly an
nounecd that Captain Uiejfu was
Kiiilti of hich tieiisou
The anti Seinitie newspnpeis ninde the
bitteiest nttacUs upon Captain Dieyfus
and tlu stilled up a deep lace hatted
Indeed one of these uewspnpein paed
the way for his attest Tho Libte Parole
declined that a plot had been diseowred
to bettaj military hecreth to n foreign
powet and that suspicion was ilitected to
it Hebtew otlicer on the staff Captain
Drejfus with the only Hebtew on the
btalT
A week after the ttinl opened the ingle
document to which A nctt HiMntiiiKo
refetred was made public It was it meni
orniidnni ot boitlerenu without date and
without siKiintiiif
It was said that this meinoinndum
found in the waste paper basket of a
infiiiber of the Senium cuihasi li n 8p
disguised as nn A Italian The discovery
was iiimle Itj the sectet set ice ilepitt
inent wltiih was mulct the direction of
Ju Iaty do Clam It was he and Colo
nel Ilenr who dixfoicicd thnt the Itaud
writinK of the botdeifnit was similar to
that of Captain luyfus This accusn
tion led to biejfus nirest
The trial tinned upon the hatulu ntim
lie expei Is weie utveit the uieiuoinn
linn for exatniiiatioii Three of them de
elated that it was in the baiuhwitliu of
Cnptaiu Dteyfus Two said it was not
Cuptnin Dreyfus was convicted Ho
was sentenced to be publicly stripped of
his iusiKtiin of rank nud to be depot toil
and kept in solitary confinement It was
the bearing of the mutt when he uudei
went the humilintiiiK degradation that
first aroused sympathy in his behalf
Captain Dieyfits had been taken to au
islantl off the coast of French Uuiann
He du Diable a little triungiilnr shapetl
utrip of land No oue is allowed to laud
there
Worse than this he was compelled to
lire in a huge iiou cngo that it cost 1--000
to build S fearful was the gorem
Bitot that he might escape There he
Willi ii Concise Sum
mary of tin lCvl
donco Given al llio
Second Court Mar
ital
lived a lire or horilble sulTctlng Ills
guiitdM weie not penult ted to spenk tt
him
Hill Iheie was some hj input by fot lite
loneb ptlsoiiet on Devils Island Theto
weie people who did not believe hint
guilty and among them manj thinking
bliin litneii
There weie spoiadle elTotts miide In
his behalf dutiiig LSlCi and 1WHI but
Ihev came lo nothing The unity olllcets
and otheirt lonstautlj Kept alive the antl
Semitic fi cling wlihh has grown Htron
et nml httotiiter ench jenr In Finnce
Now nud then the government wits lines
tinned but the Iniiuiteis weie sileilfftl
Over nml ovet ngaln It wan declined that
the government had In Its possession ev
idence which ptoved Dieyrtts guilt be
yond nil ipiestion
Du Iaty de Cliini was pi omitted to n
ninjotship Colonel Ilfi imrl was plnced
In t Inn go of the Heeret service depait
iiteiit Ami this was an impoitaut event
for Diejftts for Colonel Ilit unit is u
rail man and an honest oue who bclievon
that titith and justice come liefoie the
honor ot the unity and his own fiee
dniu
It came out Hint Kmpeioi William of
Cicimiui had wtitten to licsldeiit Casi
uiii leiier at the time of Drev fus 1 1 till
giving Itis word of honor as a man thnt
Die fus had not botiiijed Frnnce to the
Seiuinu government and adding thut he
would ir netessnij give his wotd its nn
eiiiiieior with nil Its couseiiuences It
tinnspiied tltnt the ltalinn entbnssndor
had made a similar denial Hoth he ami
the Serniau enibnhsndof weie compelled
to lenvf Paris bfiause or the nltncki
upon them made bj the Put is nevvspa
pets
October 1SDS saw the beginning of
the teal fight fot thf condemned mini on
Devils island So far as public knowl
edge goes it was opened by M Seheu
lei Kestnet His mere advocacy of the
loudemued cHptnins inuocenie niennt
linn h M Scheuiei ICestiier wrote n let
ter to the iniulstei for war ptesenting
ilociiiiieuts pioviug Dteyfus innocence
ami asking that Itis ense lie leopeued
He duelnied thnt the niinlster for war
ptomlsed to look into the matter ami
make it reply within two weeks Noth
lug was done ami he sent u letter to the
uewspapeis telling about it
The Runntor also sent a letter to Oen
i nl ltillot declining that n lich and well
known otlicer pioininent in society hnd
been leipiested to icfdgn in consetiuence
of the continued leaking of militaiy se
ciets after Dteyfus deportation M
Scheuiei Kehtner dei lured thnt this pei
koii was the nutliot of the boidetenii
This letter mnde a stir in Paris It
drew Major Ksteiliny into the ense In
fuit he denounced M Scheuiei Ivestner
and denied the cltntge Further he de
clined that he had gained additional
ptoofs of Dteyfus guilt which he snid
weie placed in his hand by a veiled
lndy
Captain Die fus btothei published n
diieit ncctisation that Major Dsteihn7v
was the author of the boideieau And
thete came to light mail ciiiious lettets
among theni one in which bsteihay c
ptessed the bitteiest liutied ftr the lews
nud suiil he would like to slay all of them
he could Tlieie were nKo lettets attack
ing Finnce Mitjnr lsteihas hanil
wiitiug bens n sttoug lesembluui e to
that upon vvhtih Dieyfits was convicted
Aeeusatious against Hstetha7y gievv o
mini thut be was impelled to request a
com t mnitliil lie was placed on the re
tiled list a few months betote the couit
mattial nlthoiigh he was peifectly well
Hsteiha was of coinse acquitted by
the couit uiaitinl Miithieu Dteyfus n
btother of Cnptaiu Dteyfus wns the
piiticipal iiccuset Mnjoi Henry wns the
ptincipnl witness for tlte defense nud he
wns supported nKo by Du Paty de Clntn
The uttempt to open the Dteyfus case
failed but the evidence which Seuntot
Seheuter Kestnet pieenlcd to Seneral
ltillot the minister of war was still in
the possession ot the accused mini s
ft lends
The sttangelv iliatmilie affiiir of Drey
fus was destined to soon btoak out again
GKNhlUL HE HOISDKFFKK
His fiieiuls had euiibted the sympathy of
Fuiile Zola in his behalf A marvelous
collectoi of facta is Zola and a genius in
lehtting tl em He went over the evidence
caiefully
The reult wns the letter which star
tled Fiance beginning Jaccuse He
deilnietl that Du Paty de Chun had been
the diabolical worker of a judicial horror
thut Senetnl Hoisdeffi General Souse
mid even tae minister of war believed
that Usterhaiy had written the bordereau
but knowing that Esterhatys conviction
would teopeu the Dreyfus case they
would not disclose the avldeucv iu their
possession
The accusation set all France lo boll
lux It comoelUd the orrumnt to
THK NORFOLK NEWS THURSDAY SEPTEMBER 21 1809
place 7oln on ttlnt Zolnn conviction
was predetermined
Hut the 1 1 i nl bote fruit It showed n
Innve innii nud n tine mnn In Colonel
Pleiiunrt who stood liefnre an nngeicd
iintlou hurling insults upou Zola Dreyfus
and those who weie nrrayed on thnt side
who bin veil even the in my for truth antl
justice
Colonel Henry who was really the
chief nceiiHcr ttmieil and bellowed about
the honor of the auny and olliclnl nud
stnte sccicc He and Seneral louse
tiled to ineiiinlnate Colonel Plctpiart
It wns in this tiinl thnt the most Im
poi taut piece or fviilcnic entile out the
thing which above nil othels led people
who were tiupiejudkid to believe thnt
Die fui was unjustly convicted It
tiuiisplieil thnt when the captain was
put on ttial all of the tiientbets of the
couit iniiitlnl ditl not believe that Dtey
fus wtote the accusing tueiiioiuuilum
They hesitated to condemn hint Then It
wns thut Senetal Meicier took them
aside and set tell showed them a letter
In which weie the following words Co
canaille de I tlevieitt ttop exlgeniit
Thut scotiudiel of a D is becoming
too exacting
This letter wns not shown to the pi in
oner or his counsel Tho lettet put port-
stek
MKUTFNANT COUINBL PICQUAKT
ed to have been vviitten by Colonel von
Schwarkoppen the militniy attache of
the Column legation
All the vvothl knows of the disgincoftil
scenes in the Zoln trials the attacks
made upon him in nml out or couit the
assaults upon Hebrews nnd the ctop of
duels
The next step icmilted In Colonel Tie
quatts nnest He nppeared in the chnm
her of deputies where ho declnied thnt
the ce caitnllle letter was a forget y
After he was thtovvn into piison Colonel
Henry was given his place at the head
of the secret set vice department
Then the affair dragged along Zolas
second ttial and the resulting exile he
wns lined 3000 francs nnd scutemed to
six months iiupiisoninent on the thst
trial kept imttteis alive
Some time after emtio the news of the
nnest of Colonel Homy on the chitrgo of
fotgiug the seciet document which con
victed Cuptnin Dreyfus Fast upon the
heels of this came the news of his suicide
with n liiror which he had been allowed
to keep for the puiposc Then the re
visionists took hope once moie
Excitement following Henrys suicide
had not subsided when the dinmissnl ot
Senetal Hoisdeflte as chief of Btnft wns
announced Then ciiuie the dismissal of
M Cnvuignne ns minister of wttr nnd the
suspension of Du Paty de Clam ft out ac
tive duty Mine Alfred Dteyfus made a
formal demand upon the keeper of seals
for a revision of her husbands convic
tion ami Seneral Ziirlindeu who hud
succeeded Cuvuignnc wus i dieted Chu
noine took his place and Esterhnzy dis
nppenred invsteiiously Just piior to
these fulls from grnce on Sept liO 1808
the council ot the cabinet directed the
couit ot cussntion to investigate and ie
poit upon the pioptiety of granting Diev
lus a new ttial Iu May 1811 the couit
dcciecd that Dieyfits had been convicted
Illegally ami was entitled to another
couit nun tin On the third day of July
KStl Dreyfus t cached France and itis
second ttiul opened on Aug 7 with Colo
uel Joumist ditectoi iu the engineer
emps as ptesident Seueinl the Matquis
de Gutlifcl an uiiconipiouiisingl liouot
able man had in the meant hue become
minister of war nml the conspiiatois
soon came to lealie that no mote non
sense would be tolerated
Dreyfus lawets iu his second trial
wero Mnitre Deniituge who hnd defend
ed him when he was Itrst accused and
Mnitre Lnboti whose conduct ot the
Zoln case ninde him famous The latter
was given entile charge of matters al
though for the first week or so Demunge
was unassisted owing to the fact that
Labor was shot down on his way to
couit His iccovory and his subsequent
biillinnt nnd merciless handling of the
titled couspiriitois was one of the most
sensational featmes of tlte trial
The first dins ptoceedings weio public
The ptisouer was anaigneil and declared
his innocence The borileieau was shown
him but he declined he hnd not wiltten
it It wns a long and scinching exam
ination touching his ncqiiniutnnce with
Esterhny Colonel Heniy and his alleged
dealings with lepresentatives of foreign
governments
CSeiienil Mercier was the first pionii
iient mill man to testify He stated
that he hnd become thoioughly convinced
of the guilt of Die fits and explained
that his opinion was based principally
upon tho conviction that Dteyfus had
wtitten the borileieau Ills opinion le
iniiined the sume despite Esterharys con
fession that ho Esterhnz had written
it He also intimated that
pifsidcut of France at the time was
full cogiii7iiut of everything thut hud
been done ami made uo objection
demanded to be coufionted
with Men let- mid denied emphatically
that the tute facts of the case hnd been
stated to him He also stated thnt Le
nt uu Hcuuiilt tho captain who testified
thnt Drejfus hnd made a partial confes
siou to him had falsified the truth and
that Dupuy the then premier was pres
ent at the Interview When Dupuy had
questioned the cnptuln as to the cause ot
his presence there the latter had said
that he had been sent down to the presi
dent by Mercier to receive a dressing
down for his Indiscreet disclosures to
the Figaro newspaper Casimlr Perler
also denied the assertion of the general
staff that the countty at the time had
been on the verge of war lth Germany
Mercier admitted that an explanation
of the secret dossier had been prepared
but that he was unable to produce it as
it had been destroyed lie felt that he
had a right to do this as the document
had been prepared for his personal use
M Lebon former tululster of the colo
nies after admitting that the story of
the horrible treatment accorded to Die
fus ou Devils Islaud was correct said
that he had been ordered by his superiors
to adopt a course of the utmost ligor
This was the only point in the trial at
which Dreyfus wept
Mine Unary the widow of the colonel
who nfter confessing thnt he prepared
the botdeienu nud beinx nrrestcd there
for had committed suicide testified thnt
her husband was firmly convinced of the
guilt of Dreyfus and that what he had
done wns simply for the good of Frnnce
Seneral Hogcfn evidence was a vitriol
ic dlnti Hie against Drey run from begin
ning to end nud was practically it repeti
tion of Merilcrn testimony
M HcrtiilliiR the examining mngistrnte
who teielved lleuteunnt Colonel Ileniys
confession of forgeiy nhl thut mi ex
IniUHtlve tmnuluutluu of the en so nnd tho
application or the principle or exclusion
tended to convince him thnt it was not
possible fur Dteyfus to have committed
the eiltlle of which he was accused
Colonel Plcqtimt star witness foi the
defense next testifud
Coming to tltu discovery of the bor
detenu ut the time that he was In chmgo
or the seciet biiieuu and hnd been ot
lend to Investigate the Dieyrus ense hu
deseilhed how the handwriting of over
bod at hfttdquurtfts was e villained and
told how Du lnty tie Chun was assigned
to compute the handwiitllig of the docu
ment with thnt of Drowns De Chun
urged Dievrus Immediate at rest and n
sennit of Ills house which wns ninde
but tho witness ndded nothing wns dis
coveied previous to the list tilnl ex
cept the boi detenu Plcquntl said that
he exptessed tho opinion that tlte bor
de ie mi wns iusufllcifut nnd It wns tt
that junctute that Henry made his Hen
sat ioual deposition to the otllcfts of the
couit lumtlul resulting in Dreyrus con
viction In teply to Hogets Insinuation
thut Picqunit had tiled to substitute
Dorvnl for Dreyfus us the tinitor Pic
qunit said thnt tho foiutcr was under
stiict sin velllnnee for a long time by or
der of General Zuilindcu He added
that it would hnvc been impossible for
Difvfus to have written the bordeienu
mid concluded his testimony with the
statement that If Dieyfus got the note
about Madagascar he wns stunt ter than
his chief Picquurt who hnd not nl Hint
time icceived it IMcqunit fillther testi
fied that he first saw the secret dossier in
August 1S9 nt which time ho mnde nn
exhaustive examination of the documents
contained Iu it lie discussed them one
by oue and explained De Chuns part in
manufacturing the case against Dieyfus
Ceitnin ot the pieces In tho diplomatic
dossier he deuioustiated to be fotgerics
Others he ptoved could not possibly bo
const i ued ns pointing to Dreyfus ttciison
Ho then stattled the court by the state
ment that a war map nnd other pnpeis of
the gioatcst importance hnd disappeared
ftoni the bureau nfter Dreyfus hnd been
ti unspotted Answering the allegation
thnt he had selected Esteiltny ns a vic
tim hecnusc of his disliko for him he
said that he hnd not known of Estei
hits existence until he began an inves
tigation of the Dreyfus matter Henry
hnd stnted to him that he could find noth
ing aguiust Esterhazy and always re-
MAITIIES DHMAKGK AM LAIIOHI
fused his aid Ho icpeated his declara
tion mnde liefoie the couit ot cassation
that when he iiifnimed Genet nl Gonse
thut ho believed Dieyfus innocent nud
Esteihii7y guilt Gonse dtiectly fot bade
him to open tlte case saying If ou sny
nothing nobody will be the wisei
Gonse was coufionted with Picqunit and
denied this
Itogct also confronted Picqunit who
refused to modify his testimony in the
slightest degtee and the sume icsiilt was
amved at when Mercier also faced the
lieutenant colonel Moiciei was conipt li
ed to admit for the first time that he hud
sent secret documents to the court innr
tial In 1894 one of which was the fa
mous ce canaille de D letter He nlso
shocked even the incntbcis of the court
mattial by the cold blooded admission
thnt evidence practically known to be
false was used to secure the conviction
of Dieyfus When pressed for n reply to
the question as to whether he did not
know all tho time thnt the D lefened
to n spy mimed Dubois he hesitntingly
snid Well I had my doubts Major
Cuignet who win on the general staff
when Drefus was n piobntlouer testi
fied thnt Drejfus once nsked him to give
him the geneial scheme of mining mil
loads giving as a leuson thnt he was
anxious to incieuso his knowledge Cui
gnet nt first tefiised but finnllj jieldcd
to Dieyfus importunities When the lnt
tors house wns scatclied the notes were
not discoveted On cross emniiintlon the
major was made to cont indict himself on
several impnitnnt points Die fus de
nounced him in court as a liar At this
point Major Canieie announced that
Colonel du Paty de Clam wns too ill to
attend the court martial and nil order
wns Issued that his deposition be taken
at his residence thus doing away with
the possibility of cross examination The
deposition nfteivvnid turned out to be
practically n repetition of his former tes
timony betote the court of cassation
Genernl Iloisdeffre testified that after
the arrest of Dreyfus the leakages iu the
infoimntlou depnrttneut ceased but were
resumed later lie said thnt he was con
vinced of Dre fits guilt and wns follow
ed by General Gonse who also testified
in n like strain Commandant Fubrc
testified that seveial olliceis of the vvai
illtce continued Dieyfus guilt b saying
thnt he had sought for information on
tlte points mentioned In the bordereau
Lieutenant Colonel Abouvllle testhed in
the same stiaiu ns Fabre and Cuignet
M Cochefeit the detective who nrrest
cd Dreyfus admitted that he had believ
ed in Dreyfus suilt but that his oplniou
wns based piiuiipnlly upon the canaille
de D letter M Sttbelin was pies-
cut when Du lnty de Clam dictated to
Dre fus Immediately after his arrest ex
tincts from the boiderenu nnd said that
when Dreyfus was asked for an explana
tion of the trembling of his baud he re
plied that his fingers were cold Gribelin
rdmitted that he had opened Picquaits
letters by older of his superiors aud Ma
jor Lauth testified that Colonel Henry
was the only otlicer having direct
tlons with tho agent who brought the
borderenu to the war ollice Ho mnde
the court lnugh by snjlng soberly thnt
thcie wns only n slight nuiunlutuuco be
tween Henry nnd Esterlm He re
peated his allegation that Picquart twice
proposed to him to hnve a date stamp put
ou the petit bleu in the poslolllce This
Picquart immediately nml emphatically
denied siting thut when the document
wns dellveicil to Lntith it was perfectly
clean but when hit Plcqtiait letlirned
from his mission he found that n portion
of the wotd Esterhnfy hnd been cmsed
nnd vviitten over with ilHTeienl ink M
Jiinck testified thnt he had seen Dievrus
In the compnti or loose women ut the
Couuiiiih Hippiquc mid that the ptisonei
nfteivviuil told him one or these wus
Mine Waltc e at whose house he often
went to gamble Die tits denied all of
the witness statements with refeience to
the women
Muitic Lnborl counsel for Dievrus ie
tin tied to wotk on Aug 2- nml the case
for the defense imtiiedintfl beenine more
aggressive Lnborl tend u long black
mailing letter ft out Lajottx to the minis
ter of war demanding money its the piice
of his silent e He nsked Cuptnin Gieitler
if Siibfliii wus not sent with money to
Lnjoux who was shipped off to lit axil
The witness aitsweied os Luboti
made a sttoug point against Merclei by
stating that Meicier bad n copy of one of
the governments secret documents iu his
possession nud demanding to know by
what tight he letained it Mercier re
fused to icply Commandant Hollitt snid
thut some pages were missing fioin the
documents found in Dieyfus loom Tltu
ptisonei said they weie intnet when he
last saw them Feriet another Henure
Ittiii o witness testified that he once saw
Dievrus In Colonel Hot tins ollice nfter
olhee hours Die fus indignantly denied
this Hoi tin manifested savage animosity
itgnlnst the prisoner nnd declined that
while in his depiutment he was continu
ally poking his nose into other peoples
business and Tor that leason he was pos
itive of Itis guilt When Lnboii reminded
Hertiu thnt the witness had admitted to
Schcuier Kostner that Dieyfus was piob
ably innocent nml that he had made a re
pot t to that effect he was obliged to ad
mit it
M du Hi cull said that 15 yenis ago he
miide the acquaintance of M Hodsin in
Palis whete Mine Hodsin introduced
hlni to Dreyfus Witness dined nt Bod
sins the other guests being Dre fus nnd
a mnn who was iutioduccd as an attache
of the Germnn embassy He alleged that
Mine Hodsin wns Die fus mistress
This was practically admitted by Diey
fus although tho statement nbout the
Get man uttnche was violently denied
I3sterhu7h tlnee threatening letters to
Piesident Fame and tho Dixi a tide
which Esteihii7y vvioto iu the Liluc
Puiolo were then read This brought
Genernl Gouso to the fiout Ho said
that he really hnd no time to investigate
these affairs personally but hud telegat
ed the iuquiiies to Du Paty de Chun
Furthermoie he said it wus impossiblo
to accept Esteihn7vs declaration us hav
ing been made in good faith Major
Gcndion echoed Geneial Gonses state
ments and General Hoisdeffie stated
that Esterhazy had lied tlnougltout
Mile Pays testimony before the couit of
cassation was then rend It wus not itn
portuut Genernl lo Blinde Dionno ac
cused Dreyfus of hnving once declnied
thut the Alsntinns wero happier under
Germany than under France
Colonel Mantel who was ptesident of
the couit martial of 1891 stated thnt ho
nnd his fellows hnd become convinced
of the guilt of the piisoner before tins
couit hnd letned to dclibeiatc The se
cret dossier he said had in nowise af
fected then decision Du Paty de Clam
had In ought it to the couit Lnbori
wished to confiont Maurel with Captain
Ftestaettet who was one of the otigi
nal Die lus judges He wns not in
couit but was called Intel and absolute
ly cont mlif ted Mantel stating that the
secret tlosslet had been shown to the
judges befoie they ni lived at a conclu
sion that it had made n gieat impies
siou upon all of them that it had con
vinced him Frevstnettei of Dteyfus
guilt antl that Mmuel so far fiom not
having examined it had commented on
the seveiul papers as they were taken
out and finally had said lefeiting to the
lanaille de D document That re
moves all doubt of his guilt
Fotni7etti who was in chnrge of the
piison to which Dieyfus wns committed
nfter his conviction testified thnt while
he hnd first been convinced of the guilt
of the accused he had changed his mind
I U
QKNEKALS CilANOINK AM MKliCIEIi
ns a icsult of watching his demeanor It
was doveloped that if it had not been for
Fornizetti Drev fus would have commit
ted suicide
When Captain Freystnetter was cnlled
us n legulnr witness he stated thnt he
too hud felt assured of Dreyfus guilt
but tltnt he took occasion to thoroughly
investigate the matter with the result
that he now regictted having as a mem
ber of the fitst couit martial voted to cou
vict him lie added that he would cer
tainly not have done so had it not been
for the secret doster communicated by
order of the general staff nnd dellveied
by Du Paty de CIuii
Captain Lebiuu Henault deposed that
Dreyfus was told by him for the sake of
betraiug him into nn admission that the
1eneial staff was convinced of his inno
cence and felt that even tnough he hnd
communicated documents to a foreigu
power he must have received mote im
portant ones iu return thereby really
benefiting Franre and that the prisoner
coincided in the suggestion This Drey
S- j
T
fus promptly denied Lebrun Heiinult
became laugh d in the cross examination
nnd later snid thnt Dre fus hnd olun
tecictl thnt ir he hnd given anything to a
foteign government he hnd got moie im
poi titnt liifoinintion for his own countiy
In ie tin n
M Heitillon the fnninus nntluopo
metrical cxpeit attempted to prove by
dingrain that Die fus must have vviitten
the botileriuu He wns Iniinedlntely con
tiudictid by Chmnvny who hnd formerly
been nn mill Die fits expett but who
now testified that the handwiltting was
unqitestlonnbly Esterhn7s Telletler
nuolhei expel t corroborated Chniavay
Colonel Cordier who hnd been Situd
heris assistant In 1S1 in tho intelligence
htneuti saitl thnt llenrvs entrance into
the olhee hnd been followed by dlsot
giuiintlon and suspicion Heuts foi
gcrv the witness declnied had fo Its sole
object the tiiiu or Pit quint whom Heniy
was anxious to supplant He fixed the
date or the boideieau at Sept 121 to JG
IS I This wns nu Important point for
the defense lie fitithcr stated that the
iuquiiies into Die fus chntacter involv
ed seveial men of tho iiaine oT Dieyfus
mid showed absolutely nothing against
the ptisouer except that he was hardly
entitled to weur ornngc blossoms on his
w eliding tiny lie denounced Estoihnry
ns having been almost openly in the cue
ploy of the Get mnn government
M Picot stnted thut Colonel Snyder
the Austrinn militniy attache hud told
him thut the pieces enunici tiled in the
bordereau were of little value thut Ed-
MAJOIS ESTKKIIAZV
terha7y wns a swindler who enred for
nothing except money nnd thnt Colonel
Schwaizkoppen had written the petit
bleu in answer to a communication from
Esteilui7y Then he changed his mind
about sending it aud threw the pieces in
the hioplaco whence they must have
been tesuicd by the spy
Luboti nt this point requested permis
sion to call Pnni7zmdl mid Schwurzkop
pen niilitaty attaches respectively ot
Italy nnd Get many nt the time of Drey
fus nuest The mutter wns taken uudei
ndvisement by the court and in the
meantime Lnbori teleginphed the king of
Italy and tho emperor of Germany re
questing them to permit the attaches to
testify in case they should be culled It
is said that both ntonnrchs gave qualified
assent but the couit eventually decided
that it would not hear them
It developed at this point that Ceinu
schi tho witness who hud testified thut
he had seen Die fus at a Getnian lesott
duung impoitaut militniy muneuveis
had bioken down complete nt tho se
cret session aud had admitted thut he
wus mistaken in his identification
At this time tlte testimony had practi
cally all been taken and while a number
of witnesses who had pieviously given
their evidence were recalled no new inat
tei was hi ought out and on Sept 7 Mi
jor Canieie made his closing nddtess for
the prosecution He wns followed the
next du by Mai tie Demmige for the Ue
lense His midiess continued until Sat
in du Sept Upon its conclusion the
couit mmtial lose and retned to deliber
ate leturning n shoit time later with iti
vedict of guilty
A DREYFUS DICTIONARY
Uriel Itemime of the Significance of
the TeruiM Lnel In the Trial anil
the Connection of the Principal Ac
tum 1 herewith
During the five and n half years that
the Die fus ense hns been piouiinently
befoie the woild tlieie have eiept iuto
it a number of tonus designnted to de
scribe cot tain documents of Importance
beming upon t lie guilt or Innocence of
the licensed Tlieie nre so ninny of
these peculiar terms employed thut not
one persim in 10000 understands their
significance The facts which me given
in the little dictionary which follows
may for that leason nssist in a proper
compieheusion of the ense
THE lOninitnUTlie document found in blti
amont the watte paper at the Herman cttiliaiiy
piecni togethtr and attributed to Dreyfiu
though unilouhleilly Itterhazy wrote it H olfem
secret information anil ii ot cource unsigned auJ
undated
TUB SKCltirr nOSaiFrt A collection of more
or leu private documents Wiring on the case
only one ot which unleu the war odlce liai
manufactured any more forgeries mention Dre
us j name unJ this la abolutel commonplace
and innocent
THE 11 I AlVlIUr Written by Eitcrhair
In The Iarole bitterly attacking Picquart on pri
vate information PJcfill lent hitn hy the war
office
THE WANCHE AND SIEltAN7A TEIK
GltVMS Two telegramj fortftsl Ur Du Taty du
Clam and Esterhary and Bent to Picquart with
the object of btufflng him into the belief that
a lady who waa in the plot had given awny
tho secret that be forged the Eatcrhaty petit
bleu
THE PETIT DLEU A amall blue postal card
used In the pneumatic tube Mnrtce and found at
the German embaay written by Colonel Vou
Schnankoppen the Ucrman military attache tu
Katerhaay inviting him to call It a torn up
the writer having changed hia mind about aeuJ
ing it Thli Eterhary rontendi ii a forgery
THE WEYIER LETTEK A forged letter in
criminating Dre fun tint to the war othce au
thor probably De Clam
CE CANVIUE DE I -A phraae In one of the
document of the aecret downer Dooa not refer
to Pre fus but to a subordinate whose name ii
laid to be known to the French war otllce
THE POClMKVr IIBiiUThUK ln other
nordi that beginning Ce lanaille de I wit
the famum one which rttcrluzy threatened Ielix
Iaure he would disclose unless prottctml againtt
Picquart He alleged it had been stolen by Pic
nuart for a fordgn embassy Eaterliaf eventual
ly returned It to the war office after It had serve 1
Its purpose
UiIH LUY Vas Du Paty de asm du
rulsed who handed the document llberateur t
Esterhazy near the rc de Triomphe It was
luggssted that Eaterluiy thought the lady wss
InipirsJ by revenge oa Picquart
j
yS