TUB NORFOLK WKEKI/V NKWH-JOriiNAU FRIDAY. SBI'TBMHEK 2 , TDK ) .
The Norfolk Weekly News-Journal
TUB NOWB. Established 1881.
The Journal. Established 1877. I
THE HUBS' PUBLISHING COMPANY.
WTN. HUB O , N. A. HUBC ,
'resident. Secretary.
Btcry Friday. By mull per your. $1.50.
Entered at the postollleo nt Norfolk ,
Mob. . H Kocond uliiBB matter.
Telephones : "Editorial Department
No. 22. BuBlnesB OHlce nnd Job Rooms
No. H 22.
Railroad earnings uuvo Btcndlly Im
proved during the past year.
Why Hhouldn't John D. Rockefeller
love the cnrtb. Where else would he
utrlko oil ?
'
A innrrled woman's mind IB not nee-
BsnrIly broken when she gives her
husband n piece of It.
The police of London seized 40.000
utray dogs last yenr. Still the price
of sauBage remained the Barue.
1'oBtmen nre not required to wear
coats of mall. But on holidays they
Bometlines look as though they did.
Hats have been exterminated from
Ban Francisco , but n few grafters
linger around the city hall there.
The hobble skirt Is neither a thing
of Joy nor of beauty. Its redeeming
feature Is that It will not go on for
ever.
And now the republicans are claimIng -
Ing Tennessee , to keep company with
Kentucky and Missouri. Thev make
a good trio.
All the trunk telephone lines be
tween New York , Boston , Philadel
phia , Washington and other eastern
cities arc to be placed underground.
Indian lawyers are the men who
have the corporation lawyers beaten
by three blocks when It conies to get
ting the cash for services not ren
dered.
Postmaster General Hitchcock says
that $2,0,00,000 was saved In his de
partment through the economies In
augurated by the present administra
tion.
Judging from the efforts the Mis
souri democrats are making to dis
credit Governor Hadley's administra
tion , ho must be making a very good
rncord.
Connecticut had a slight earthquake
the other day. New York is due to
have one about the time the republi
can state convention Is held , if Roosevelt
velt attends.
The mayor of Ottumwa , la. , was
found guilty of permitting gambling
joints to run and of imbibing too free
ly of the " ( lowing bowl. " He was
dismissed from office.
People to the number or 128,343
came fiom Poland to this country last
year and the prospect is that there
will be a steady increase of them for
eome years to come.
"It's no use to try. " bays a Missouri
exchange , "corn on the cob cannot
be eaten gracefully , but with a little
care watermelon can be eaten with
out getting your ears wet. "
Plttsburg is disappointed over the
result of the census. It Lasn't th
number of people it supposed it bad.
The trouble is , says the Minneapolis
Journal , it has too large a sprinkling
of people who don't count for much.
The difference between a woman
before and after marriage is tha *
before marriage she sat down and
waited for a husband , while after
marriage she sits up and waits for
one.
Mr. Bryan will make no cam
paign speeches in Missouri this year
nnd the democrats are more hopeful
of results. In his three battles In that
state It changed from a 58,000 Bryan
majority to a majority for Taft.
Detroit , Mich. , hasn't been making
boasts but the census figures give It
nearly half a million population. The
new Industry of auto building has
pushed the Michigan city to Its pres
ent place. It manufactures more tourIng -
Ing cars than any other place in the
world.
Senator Aldrlch Is to retire from po
litical life , but is making plans to enJoy -
Joy his old age with his friends. He
Is to build a home In Warwick , U. I. ,
which will be of the "old-fashioned
country home type. " It will be three
stories high , about 300 feet long , and
will cost $300,000.
No one who has studied the ques <
tion desires to see the franking prlvl
lege abolished. It Is right and proper
that congressmen should be able to
conduct official correspondence and
send out public documents of real
value without paying postage thereon.
But when a congressman sends a COMer
or a piano by mail or transports hit
household goods at government ex
pense it Is time to call a halt.
The man who is indifferent to phy
elcal exercise or too lazy to walk very
much is taking satisfaction in the fact
that the late John G. Carlisle rarely
walked and that William M. Evarts ,
the New York lawyer , boasted hoI
!
never took exorcise when he could
help It , and yet llvod to be 83 years
old. Ho nlco points with pride to the
late Chief Justice Fuller , who never
took any regular kind of outdoor recre
ation.
Dr. Wllmor , hlmseit a prominent
southerner , writes In a southern pub
lication , criticising the people of the
south for their attitude toward the
negro and declaring that they think
with their prejudices instead of their
brains on this question. Ho goes far
ther and acknowledges that "under
neath much of the talk about the In
feriority of the negro lies an Ill-con
cealed fear of a greater capacity than
we have been allowing him , nnd a
fear that he will make good beyond
our expectation or desire. " This IB
a most significant admission to come
from such a source.
For many this year will be the Ilnnl
lesson necessary. The man who has
had to plow under his grain or use
It as scant pasture , cannot well hold
out longer against methods that have
brought others In the same dlstilct ,
with no more rainfall , a fair average
or a good crop. Last spring brought
rain , and later snow , enough wheie
held In the ground to nurture the
plant life , and to withstand tiny
drought. How to prevent evapoiatidii ,
how to force this moisture to find Its
sole exit through the plants , Is no
longer n mystery. It Is called ' dry
farming. " It Is familiar now to every
tiller of the soil , and those who will
may defy the drought , and those who
won't , simply Invite crop failure and
a lean purse.
Thus far the population of two
states , Rhode Island and Oklahoma ,
have been counted showing , a remark
able growth in each state. The state
ment Is made that not so much Is ex
pected of Iowa , as this state has lost
heavily to other western states am ? to
Canada. Portions of Minnesota , Wis
consin nnd Illinois have suffered from
a like cause. The high price of farm
lands and the tendency of well-to-do
people towards small families are the
two principal reasons for this falling
away. Of all the southern states , Tex
as will make the best showing , but
Georgia will also manifest a credit
able growth as will also the two Carolina
lina * . The south will continue to be
the most American section In that
it will show the presence of fewer
immigrants from abroad than any oth
er portion of the union.
That the man McMurray who has
figured so largely In the Indian greed
Investigation down in Oklahoma , has
certainly been doing fairly well out
of his job. As an attorney for the
Indians he has had several contracts ,
among these was a yearly income of
520,000 ; a contract for special ser
vices at a fee of $15,000 ; a yearly ex
pense account given him running up
into the thousands ; $73,000 allowed
him by a law firm as contingent fee ,
and in addition to all these contracts
which are now in question , he seeks
to obtain a 10 percent fee amounting
to $3,000,000 on the sale of $30,000,000
worth of asphalt and coal lands. Mr.
McMurray bears eloquent testimony to
the fact that all the Napoleons of fi
nance are not located in Wall street.
The Rev. Dr. C. G. Morgan , the
Presbyterian minister from England ,
who refuses to speak on the same plat
form with President Taft at the Wi-
nona , Ind. , chautauqua , because Mr.
Taft is a Unitarian , must Imagine that
he is living in the Seventeenth con-
tury. Any effort to turn back the
clock of time in this land of largest
civil and religious liberty will receive
nothing but the ridicule it deserves.
Dr. Morgan needs to put vinegar in
his eyes and wake up to splended
Christian brotherhood of the Twentieth
century In which he lives. While Mr.
Taft's religious views may differ some
what from Dr. Morgan's , the English
divine should understand that the
president of the United States Is
broad enough In his sympathies and
fair enough In his Judgment to have
borne most eloquent testimony , time
and time again , to the great work that
Is being done by the evangelical mis
sionaries in the orient and no man
knows what Is being done in the far
east and who is doing it , in the Inter
est of civilization , better than Presi
dent Taft.
Men who are close to the president
say that he is intensely concerned
about placing the government upon a
more economical basis and will make
this one of the special cares of his
administration. A prominent busi
ness man of international reputation
is authority for the statement that
the president Is convinced that 25
percent of the annual appropriations
represent extravagance and waste.
This means that the people are payIng -
Ing $250.000,000 In taxes that could
be eliminated If unnecessary appro
priations were cut out. .For this state
of affairs both of the great political
parties are to blame. Neither can at
tack the other In fairness and have
clean hands themselves. The truth
Is that extravagance has become a na
tional habit and in public as in private
life wo have been reckless In expendi
ture. It Is easy to spend money when
It is easy to get. The country has
been prosperous and not only have
our needs cost more but our wants
have Immeasurably Increased. Presi
dent Taft will do n great and com
mendable work If he succeeds In cut
ting down the national expenditures
without Impairing the efficiency of the
departments. Besides it will have n
.lealthy effect upon the habits of the
people If the government loads the
way In living more thrhtily and econ
omically.
TAFT'S PLEA TO PARTY.
The plea of President Taft to the republicans -
publicans of America that they for
get their differences and unite in a
solid front In support of the prlncl-l
pies for which republicanism stands , |
nnd In support of n continuation of
(
progressive legislation and redemp
tion of the party platform of 1908 , Is
a document that should be given heed
by every citizen of this country who
has the welfare of the nation at heart.
The Taft administration Is only half
finished. If the. pledges made by the
republican platform of 1008 nre to
be carried out in full , as the people
wanted them to be carried out when
they elected Taft , then the president
must be given n congress that will
work with him toward the redemp
tion pf those pJcdges , nnd not one that
will block the d slml legislation and
even overthrow the protective princi
ple that the republican party stands
for and restore the free trade of the
Cleveland day.
The administration nns given a
downward revision of the tariff and
has provided a tariff board that will
still further outline reductions In the
schedules that need pruning. And
if the people want downward revision ,
the one way in which they can get
it Is to elect a republican congress
that will work with the administra
tion. The election of a democratic
house would either mean the over
throwing of the protective principle
or blocking all legislation with a re
sult of nothing done , whatsoever.
President Taft points to the cor
poration tax , the improvement of the
Interstate commerce bill so as to give
the government greater supervision ,
the postal bank savings bill ( which
Democratic Congressman Latta of the
Third Nebraska district tried to de
feat ) , the conservation measure , the
statehood bill and any number of
other Important measures. The re
cord is the greatest that has been
known for so short a time , under any
president in our history.
On top of that , Taft's administra
tion Is saving millions of dollars In
the expenses of the government , by
Introducing new , economical methods.
If there had been a democratic con
gress , none of the above program of
legislation , demanded by the people ,
would have passed. The action of
Latta In opposing the postal bank
bill shows how the democrats would
have tried to block every measure
that came up.
Common business Judgment would
seem to dictate , therefore , that the
achievement in the next congress de
pends upon Its being republican.
THE PRIMARY AND THE BOSS.
The State Journal Is afraid that
the primary law will be repealed by
the Nebraska people. That pape * U
afraid that Nebraska citizens , disgust
ed by the impracticability of the bun-
glesome law that has been thrust
upon them , will rise up and wipe the
measure off the statute book. It Is
afraid because it sees visions of boss
es getting Into power through the old
convention system.
The theory that bosses are shorn
of power by the primary Is the best
Joke yet. Could anybody view the
result of the democratic state primary ,
nominating Dahlman upon his freak
platform , without concluding that
there was a little bit of boss work
done In that candidate's behalf ? Can
anybody note the small percentage of
voters who attended the primary ,
without Inevitably concluding that a
chain of bosses , one in each precinct
in the state , could have controlled the
result of that primary to a fine de
gree ? But 5 percent of the voters of
Norfolk outside precinct went to the
primaries. A man with an automobile
could have got enough friends out to
have nullified that 5 percent And so
it would go all over the state.
The cities have the balance of pow
er in the primary. Gangs of voters
herded by the ward bosses can run up
majorities that the farmers , staying
at home , can't cope with.
The primary is a law that ploys
into the hands of the bosses.
And there are other features of the
primary which are meeting with dis
approval. We are not going to discuss
the expense.
For example , the primary law Instead -
stead of serving to bring out the best
the community has to offer for public
office , tends by Its very nature to keep
the best man back , and to boost less
capable citizens oftentimes into o.flue.
The man of high calibre , the man
whom you would choose to run your
state , Is a man of line sensibilities
and one of modesty. He Is not a man
who goes out hunting political office.
But that man the man whom the
office would seek out , under the old
convention system , for his worthiness
to fill It , Is left at home under the
primary , tending to his own business.
It Is the man of brass , the self-seeker
and the professional office hunter who
thrives under the primary system. A
premium Is placed upon Immodesty
nnd upon personal office-chasing by
the primary. It's anybody who has i
the none to Hie his candidacy and
nsk for votes. Under the convention
system , on the other hand , the dele-1
gates representing the people and ,
the delegates are. for the most part ,
honestly and wholesomely representa
tive , after all very frequently bring
out the men best fitted for positions
to be tilled , without the self-imposi
tion of these candidacies , and very
frequently force men to make the
raie , because to the conventions those
men seem best qualified to represent
the party Involved.
The convention , again , will engage
In the most heated of controversies ,
and In nine cases out of ten the boss
es will be defeated. Mr. Bryan's de
feat at Grand Island was merely an
instance of a boss being repudiated.
And there's one other point. Under
the primary there is no boily of repre
sentative citizens to stand sponsor for
any candidates offered. Under the old
system , the entire convention , 'com
posed of representative citizens , stood
sponsor for the men it named. To
day any sort of an Individual may be
nominated for governor in Nebraska ,
Just because he has nerve to push his
name In , and there's not a soul to
stand responsible to the people for
the candidate.
Verily , the primary Is not the dream
of perfection that the State Journal
used to make us think * it would be.
AROUND TOWN.
Melt away , you Jack Frost.
It's pretty nearly tme to raid the
pumpkin field.
Dear Weather Man : Please cneese
It. Turn on the hot air.
Yours truly ,
The Corn Crop.
There's a speed law in Norfolk
against automobiles tearing up the
street , but they're going to let the
pacing contractors go tearing up the
street.
There isn't any more fun on earth
than hunting ducks in Kocnigstcin's
pasture or llshing below the dam or
swimming at Taft's or skating at
Krantz's slough.
Of course , they feel for the dear old
corn , but there's one class of people
who wouldn't have cried their eyes
out if it had frosted. They're the hay
fever squad. They're crying their
eyes out , In fact , because It hasn't
frosted.
The standpipe seems to have about
ns hard a time to keep filled now as
It did earlier in the season before the
city took back the pumping game.
Apparently there was some truth In
what Bullock said about more water
being used.
ATCHISON GLOBE SIGHTS.
Men of real genius are so rare that
many icgard them as either fools or
thieves.
Teach your children to be fair.
There Is nothing in this world more
important than fairness.
When you abuse your opposition a
good deal , people know your opposi
tion Is making headway.
The only way to get along with a
railroad is to pound hell out of It.
Don't be fair with it ; that's fatal.
We are tired having people claim to
be younger than they are , and ex
pecting us to tell the truth about our
age.
A visiting girl rarely comes home
without bragging on the superiority
of the young men in the town she
visited.
How is a "ripping laugh" which the
magazine writers tell about , to be dis
tinguished from other forms of gig
gling.
"I don't know much , but when my
liver wears out , from long use and old
age , I'll know a doctor can't fix It. "
Parson Twine.
"If bust head hurt others as much
as it hurts me , there would be less
beer drinking , and no whisky drink-
Ing. " Parson Twine.
More than half the people have
nothing to do but notice things , so
don't Imagine you can cut up wthout
being talked about.
Every little while an agent comes
along , and Induces a lot of respectable
girls to engage In canvassing they
should be ashamed of.
If we had our way which , by the
way , we have pot , never have had ,
and never will have many people
now at liberty would be In Jail.
When you know a'man fifteen or
twenty years , and see him every day.
if he is not a pretty good fellow , jou
are very apt to catch him nt It .
You may have observed that the
great friends of the people are usual
ly In favor of the people voting bonds ,
which their children will have to pay.
"I was compelled to leave school
when I was 11 years old , " a man said
today , "and I don't care for words that
nre not pronounced as they look. "
A very smooth Atohison storekeeper
when you go In to buy an article sold
to everybody for ten cents , says to
you , In a fondling sort of way : "I'll
make that to you , Billy , for. a dime. "
WHAT THE PAPER5 SAY.
I Shirt Sleeve Politician.
Omaha Heo : The new chairman
of the republican Ktnte committee Is
William Hufetietter. a hustling shirt-
slee\e politician from Butler county.
This Job has run to Williams of late
during winning campaigns. Just run
back over the list William Hayward ,
William P. Rose and William P. Warn
er.
Holt Republican by 500 ?
O'Nefll Frontier : The nomination
of Uahlmnn Is such n bitter dose to
some O'Neill democrats that they re
fute to accept him and swear by the
shades of democracy's departed glory
that they will never vote for him. One
democrat Is so bitter In his denuncia
tion that he says Aldrlch will carry
Holt county by nt least 500 majority.
Of course republicans have always be-
Heved that the republican ticket
would carry the county by n good
safe majority , but hardly looked for
the election to be made so unanimous.
Ashamed of Omaha ,
Anokn News : There Is perhaps no
place on earth so Immoral and lawless
as Omaha. In its bold lewdness it
stands without a peer in America , and
beggars description in permissnble'
language. A public reference to its
loathsomeness Is only excusable be
cause of the shocking political tobog
gan slide from Bryan to Dahlman in
this great commonwealth a state
noted for Its sobriety , decency and
Intelligence , having less Illiteracy than
any state In the union. Omaha has
made itself conspicuous and obnoxious
in political circles and has gained at
least a temporary advantage. It must
either be endorsed nnd the virus
spread or repudiated at the ballot box
this fall. A vote for Dahlman is a
vote for Omaha nnd what it means
and a vote for Aldrich is a vote for
Nebraska and what it does and should
stand for.
State Auditor Barton.
Fremont Tribune : The renomlna-
tion of Silas R. Barton for state aud
itor was uncontested on the republi
can ticket. It is not strange that this
was so , for the very good reason that
during the past two years Mr' Barton
has filled that important public place
to the eminent satisfaction of all the
people.
Auditor Barton went into office well
equipped for the performance of the
duties he had to perform. Service
there has demonstrated his purpose
to correct insurance evils that have
crept in until they threatened the in
tegrity of the vast interests Involved.
He has shown a judicial temperament
in treating the assessment of com
mon carriers and a clear knowledge
of their affairs and deserts. On all
the boards of which he is a member
he has acted with discernment and
wisdom. He has been a faithful
servant nnd thousands of his friends
over the state will give enthusiastic
assistance in his election.
Why Not Smoke 'Em ?
Beemer Times : Now whose busi
ness is it if Mrs. Roosevelt-Longworth
does smoke cigarets. The only an
swer to that question is get about
500 of those popular eastern ladles to
doing the same thing and the very
bunch who are now howling about
whose business It is , would be the
first to make it their business , to stop
it. It is a wonder to us that all the
young ladies in Beemer haven't be
gun the use of the cigarets simply
because it is a new fad. Come right
down to brass tacks why shouldn't a
girl be allowed to smoke them or any
other kind of a weed if she wants to.
There Is no law In this state prevent
ing the lady from going up to the bar
nnd getting her glass. How does It
come she had this privilege so long
and yet not made use of it ? The
ladies have a perfect right in any sa
loon in this country and should be
given the same respect she is given
in any other public place of business.
The Rules of the Game.
Omaha Bee : "I make no charge of
fraud against anyone and am only ask
ing to have a recount of enough of
the ballots to satisfy the thousands
of loyal democrats who now feel dis
appointment , because of fear ot my
defeat , that if I shall finally be counted
a loser I will have at least been fairly
whipped under the rules of the game
an laid down by the laws of the state. "
Governor Shallenberger.
When a man takes n hand at the
gentleman's game he Is supposed to
pay up , if he loses , just as cheerfully
as he would expect his opponent to
liquidate If he , himself , had the win
ning cards. But there are certain
rules of the game which are designed
to make sure that the play is on the
square. It is not permissable , for example -
ample , to carry a fifth ace up the
sleeve. It is not polite to hold the
cards below the table where the other
player cannot see them all the time.
The discovery of marked cards would
also justify declaring all bets off.
The game of politics , of course , has
Its own rules developed by the exigen
cies of the case , but they are supposed
to be grounded on the same code of
sportsmanlike morals which govern
other gentlemen's games. So In the
game of politics it is not credited fair
to vote the same man more than once ,
nor to vote under some one else's
name , nor to vote on faked-up free
holders' certificates. Such vicious and
unsportsmanlike practices have been
occasionally indulged , but they do not
show on the count , because the play
ers are skillful in marking the ballots
correctly nnd fairly accurate In the
tally.
In other words , a recount offers a
defeated candidate and his friends
about the same assurance that he has
been fairly whipped under the rules
of the game as would an Inventory of
the chips after the table has been up
set.
iI I i Home Course
i
I , In Domestic
j
, Science
XIII. Washing Day
Made Easy.
By EDITH G. CHARLTON ,
In Charge of Domestic Economy , Iowa
, Stale College.
i
Copjrritfhl. 1910. by American Pitt *
AxucUliun.
[ IE Monday" might lose oomc
of UH terror for the average
(
, family If the weekly washing
j were changed to BOUIO other
' , dny. Steam ladened rooms , odor of
boiling suds , an untidy house from
kitchen to attic and "pickup" meals
all day , combined with the accumula
tion of duties and cares since Satur-
j day , make Monday a disagreeable day
I for every one. Whoever established
the custom of setting Monday asldo
1 for n "wash dny" made life Just a lit-
J > tie harder than necessary In scores of
homes. And yet so firmly established
has the custom become that It takes
genuine courage to break away from
it nnd wash on Tuesday instead.
When you think about It how much
more suitable Tuesday Is for the work
than Monday , which , following u day
of rest finds the whole house more or
less disarranged !
It is rarely possible and sometimes
quite unwise to attempt to outline any
housekeeper's work for her. One must
know conditions and bo familiar with
the life of the family before being
really competent to arrange the rou
tine of domestic affairs. But for the
benefit of the woman who has every
thing to do for her family and who
perhaps Is not wholly satisfied with
her present plan let me present this
program for at least Monday nnd '
Tuesday :
Monday. Put the house In order.
Plan the meals for Tuesday and do
extra baking for that day. Get the' '
laundry ready for washing. That' '
means look over the soiled clothing | I I
nnd do the necessary mending. Tears j
nnd broken seams increase in wash
ing Take out stains. It is much eas
ier to do this before washing than
after , and there Is more time the day
. . ssaSBMSR81
* ' " " * ' < . y vwgj.
UANUV IMUNtmV STOVE.
before than when the washing Is In
process. Soak soiled clothes. See that
tubs and other things arc ready for an
early start ; also be sure that soap ,
bluing and other supplies are on hand.
Tuesday. The special work for this
day will be the washing , but It should
not be carried on to the complete dis
arrangement of the family life. Good ,
substantial meals should be served
promptly , as on other days , and the
wife and mother should not be so en
slaved by the washtub nnd wringer
that she has no thought or attention
for husband and children. There Is no
reason why she should be If the wash-
Ins has uot beyond all reason piled up
her work so that It requires almost
superhuman effort to accomplish It.
While preparing breakfast the laundry
fire may be started and the water
heated. After breakfast and after the
dining table has been cleared the
washing can be commenced , and If It
Is performed In an Intelligent way
from start to finish It ought not to In
terfere to any great extent with the
ordinary comforts of the day. The
clothes were sorted and some of them
put to soak the dny before. That
means a long stride toward an early
completion.
The Order of the Wash.
One reason why there are so many
indifferent laundresses and so much
Inferior laundry work is because little
or no attention has been given to dif
ference In fabrics. Cotton , linen , silk
nnd wool are practically treated In
the same way. The same kind of soap
Is used for nil. They are washed In
water of the same temperature. Some
times they arc washed In the same
water. They arc given the same
amount of rubbing and equally indif
ferent rinsing.
In sorting the clothes arrange them
In five piles as follows :
Table llnon and flue muslins.
Bed linen , towels and handkerchiefs
( previously soaked in ammonia nnd
water If used for a cold ) .
Flannels.
Colored cottons and stockings.
Soiled towels and cloths.
No one questions that soaking the
clothes loosens the dirt and makes the
washing easier , but only white clothes
or fast colors can be treated In this
wny . nnd It Is not well to soak all
kinds of white clothes In ono tub. " After -
er soaking In cold
water to which a
good naphtha soap or washing pow
der has been added liltie or no rubbing
will bo necessary before putting the
clothes in the holler. Kerosene used
In Hiniill ( juantlty In the cold water in
which clothi-H nre mmUod miikos the
, washing easier. The NUCCOHS of latin
derltig also depends on the kind and
amount of soap used. Kor wool and
silk articles use only n good white
soap containing very little alkali or
acid. Both thcsn chemicals have an
Injurious effect on silk and wool. Sal-
soda makes woolen garments yellow ,
makes the liber harsh and less elastic.
The fiber of wool Is composed of num
berless Bectiotm , or Bheatlw , each with
more or less Jagged edges and each
one growing out of the other. These
sheaths form n tube which , with KH
nigged edges , explains the reason for
shrinking. Diluted acids roughen the
wool fiber ; strong adds disintegrate It.
Chorldc of lime Injures the fiber even
If cold ; used hot , the fiber Is destroyed.
Ammonia baa the least Injurious ac
tion on wool , therefore Is the mont sat
isfactory agent for cleansing It
Silk is n strong , clastic , lustrous dou
ble fiber. All nlknllcn act upon It. ac
cording to the kind , strength and tem
perature of the solution nnd the length
of time the silk IH left In the solution.
The luster Is first lessened , and the
fiber Is finally dissolved. Dilute acids
roughen silk and strong acids ruin It.
Thus It will be Been that all garments
| of silk and wool should be washed
with only the mildest soap. Thin
should be made Into a solution by cut
ting the soap Into thin slices , dissolv
ing In hot wnt < * r nnd adding to the
sudH In which the garments are to bo
washed. This method Is much better
than rubbing the soap directly on the
garment Both silk and wool are In
Jured by dry heat. Silk first HtilTenH ,
then breaks , so that the water In
which It IB washed should not be hot
Flannels should be washed in water
of the same temperature throughout
the proceHH nnd should be hung to dry
in n temperature the same ns the wa
ter. The expansion and contraction of
the wool fibers , caused by change in
temperatures , make flannel thick. Tep
id water and a moderate temperature
for drying and the best white soap
added to the washing Water are simple
rules tg observe In washing woolen
garments.
The vegetable fibers , such ns cotton
nnd linen , are of a woody nature ,
tough , strong nnd not so easily af-
fccted by chemicals. For this reason
cotton and linen materials nre not so
BOOH spoiled by careless washing us
either silk or wool , and yet too inucli
soap , prolonged boiling In dirty water ,
indifferent rinsing nnd Inattention to
stains soon make the best cotton or
linen dingy nnd unattractive. One of
the commonest neglects In ordinary
washing Is that the water Is not
changed often enough. Garment after
garment Is washed In water so satu
rated with dirt that It Is Impossible to
make It remove any more. This washIng -
Ing is followed by careless rinsing hi
only one water , which does not begin *
x\
to take out nil the soap. If the bluing
follows , as It too often does , this rins
ing In soapy water , the clothes are
very liable to be stained with Iron
nist. This will almost certainly be the
case If Prussian blue Is used. This
substance Is n salt of Iron , and with
an alkali such as there ! < ? in soap
changes to iron rust. A simple experi
ment to determine whether or not you
are using Prussian blue Is to heat a
little of It In n strong solution of sal-
soda. If Prussian blue the mixture
will turn yellowish red. and Iron rust
will settle In the bottom of the vessel.
Simple General Directions.
It Is more' often neglect of little
things than carelessness about bl
main points that makes washing an
unsatisfactory task. Attention to these
details may lighten the work for some
women and brlns them better results.
Remember to make fresh suds when
ever necessary. It Is n mistake to
think you can make clothes clean In
dirty water
Put the clothes to boll in cold watet
and heat slowly. The best results are
obtained when there Is a large quanti
ty of water and the boiler is but half
full of clothes. Each bollerful of
clothes should bo put on In clean , cold
water.
Rinsing Is very Important The
clothes must bo free from soap before
bluing. Use soft water for first rins
ing , then hard water if color of soft Is
not good.
Ilard water may be softened by bellIng -
Ing , then cooling before using , or n
solution of salsoda may be added.
This ought not to be too strong or the
salsoda will Injure both the fabric and
the hands.
In bluing shake out each article and
drdp it into the bluing water , rlnso
carefully through the water , then
wring out nt once. Do not allow clothes
to Btny In bluing water for any length
of time or they will be streaked.
Thick starch is made by miring one-
half cup of laundry starch and one-
quarter cup of cold water , then add
one-quarter teaspoonful of white war
or lard and one quart ot boiling : water.
Pot over the fire and boll for several
minutes , stirring constantly. Dncoolc-
* d or partly cooked starch will stick.
Thick starch may be diluted , or if n
thin quality Is desired use twice a
much water.
Ironing is the completion of good
laundry work and the test of the laun-
dress. It requires a good thick Iron
ing blanket tacked securely to an IronIng -
Ing table or board , clean Irons , an Iron
stand , a piece of beeswax tied In n
cloth on which to clean the Irons , n bit
of old cloth on which to wipe them
nnd n piece of paper folder several
times on which to try the Irons. This
is the necessary outfit , hut In addition
there must be practice , care nnd skill
to insure complete success.
A Good Reason.
"What makes you think , sir , that I
will not be able to support your daugh
ter ? "
"Well , J haven't been able to my.
self. "
Tightly Tied.
"That man's money U nil tlod up. "
"Poor fellow ! Can't get nt It. ehr
"Ob. yet ) . AJ1 ho bus to do is to untie
his money bait. " Judce