THE NORFOLK WEEKLY NEWS-JOURNAL , FRIDAY , MARCH 4 , IfllQ
The Norfolk Weekly News-Journal
The News , Established 1881.
Tim Jotmml , Established 1877.
THE HUSE PUBLISHING COMPANY.
W. N. Umie , N. A. Huso.
President. Secretary.
Every Friday. Hy mall pur your , 11.50.
Eiitonul nt thu postolllcu at Norfolk ,
Nob. , as second _ class matter.
J ' " "
'
'ToloIImJHl | ) ) "Einiorlal Department
No. 22. HimlnoHH OIHcc and Job Ilooms
No. II 22.
They are talking or a theater on
transatlantic liners , The actors may
fool Hccuro at HO great a distance from
the egg supply.
Anywny tin- canoe flubs will r s-
Jolco at the ? 40,000,000 river and liar-
fcor bill , which will open many Hand
llntH to thrilr craft
The cooling balm or tne whitewash
brush ( loon not quite smooth the un
comfortable warmth of this New York
bribery Investigation.
J. P .Morgan goes abroad no doubt
to buy more art treasures. Some day
we look to see him deposit Cologne
cathedral over In Hoboken.
Andy Carnegie could do worse than
hand out a hero medal to Mrs. Roosevelt
velt and Miss Ethel. lielng the wife
of a lion killer Is quite a stunt.
Peary should receive all due honors
for his big achievement. It took as
much courage and as much science as
for Columbus to discover America.
Over one-third of the cities of this
country which have a population of
over GOO.OOO are now supporting pub
lic play grounds for the children.
Astronomer Lowell is almost sure
they are digging a new canal on Mars.
Ho almost hears them arguing who
ttier it shall bo sea level or lock
type.
Alas for the naval tug Nina , given
tip as lost in the storm. The life ol
the navy Is not all Jolly foreign travel
and social life as many young re
cruits think.
President Johnson of the American
league gets $25,000 a year , and his
chances for the Hall of Fame , on pop
ular vote , look better than any col
lege president's.
If It costs more to live In America
than anywhere else In the world ) It
Is equally true that Its worth more.
The California Judge who decided
that a Missouri mule was a deadly
weapon must have been raised on a
farm.
Everything seems to be on the rise
Even the waist lines are to be high
er this summer according to fashion
reports.
Masons get 70 cents a day In Japan ,
carpenters GO cents and printers ! )
cents. The people there iire not yell
ing for lower prices.
As history , fairly complete for 11.000
years , shows no mortality from comets ,
the people who are determined to wor
ry will have to pick out some more ii.v
ininent danger.
Eggs are being shipped from Europe
on account of high prices. It Indi
cates fundamental defects in our farmIng -
Ing , when this land of vast resources
can't feed itself.
Moat is higher than ever in Now
York , spite of the boycott. . Against
the armor proof protection of the cold
storage plants , the boycott is merely
a popgun battery.
The bulk of our business men aren't
worrying about the trust laws. They
are too busy trying to please the pub
lic to spend much time trying to drive
competitors out of business.
While the democrats have been
engaged in windy bluster , the inter
state commerce bill moves along and
seems sure of enactment. The Tuft
smile Is thawing the congressional Ice
bergs.
Colonel Roosevelt is to be received
by the French as a man of learning.
The spectacled monsleurs will have a
chance to be learning something when
he takes them out on one of his en
durance tests.
The admirable movement for the
conservation of our national resources
Is being smothered by the wet blank
et of Incessant speech. Conferences ,
congresses and associations multiply
till they cannot be distinguished.
A contractor offers to furnish meals
for the JCllIs Island Immigrant station
at live cents for breakfast , nine for
dinner and six for supper. If Ameri
cans could content themselves with
such bills of fare there would bo less
talk about high prices.
Secretary Ballinger has well named
Alaska "Uncle Sam's prize package , "
the value of which ho had no concep
tion when ho bought It , and now
knows only In a vague way. It will
certainly be wise for him to keep fast
hold on It till ho has time to discover
its contents.
The great beech tree which stood
jtear Ardwell house , Kirkcudbright ,
Scotland , which Inspired Thomas
Campbell to write u century ago ,
"Spare , woodman , spare the beechen
tree , " has recently blown down. Hut
the poet galni'd it an added century
of life by his appeal.
In the new Canadian northwest the
settlers resort to nil sorts of nmkt-
shifts to get the land broken and the
crops In. An account is given of one
man who used a team of eight dogs
trained to dniw sludges to plow his
Holds with.
A Kansas Farmer has set to work
with a pair of mules and a scraper
to build fifty miles of railroad with
out other assistance , In spite of Jeer
ing neighbors. Probably he sees no
other likelihood of becoming a rail
road president.
Norway has elected Its llrst woman
legislator. The woman so highly hon
ored Is a teacher In the public schools ,
She Is not a full member , but IB call
ed a deputy or alternate and has a
vote only when the regular member
from her district Is absent.
The government of the United
States should have more regard for
thu truth than Its navy department
shows In alluring advertisements seek
ing youthful recruits. Magazine ad
vertisements paint life In the navy ,
of whatever rank , In such glowing
terms as to be a joke.
SHOULD RENUMBER NORFOLK.
The man who wrote a letter to The
News , complaining that the city Is
lax in regard to numbering its buildIngs -
Ings , Is right about It. No end of
trouble results from * this laxity. The
city olliclnls should see to it that the
ordinance in regard to numbering
buildings is lived up to.
President Tnft assured the people
of New York In a recent address
that In the retirement of Charles E.
Hughes from public life the state
lost Its greatest political asset. It
is thought in political circles that Mr.
Loeb Is a strong possibility in the
governorship contest.
There has been a comforting de
crease in the number of railroad fa
talities during the past two years.
In 1907 there were C74 passengers and
4,354 employes met death upon the
railroads of the United States , while
the total number Injured was 70,286.
In 1909 the total -loss of life was
2,791 , while the Injured numbered
63,920.
What President Taft Is endeavoring
to have brought about by the perma
nent tariff board is a tariff which will
protect Industries , requiring help and
not those industries which have long
since passed beyond the need of care ,
and one that will yield necessary
revenue. This is the tariff demanded
by the majority of three great parties.
In working forward toward the com
mission Idea , the republican party is
engaged on a problem which , if solved
satisfactorily , will be of immense ben
efit to the country.
Stovaine as an anaesthetic is said
to have been placed in the back
ground by electricity. A current Is
applied In such manner that It pro
duces a state of insensibility which is
called "electric sleep" and which Is
In no way injurious to the patient.
Immediately the current is opened the
influence Is lost and the patient be
comes conscious. "Electricity , " as
Edison says , "is yet in its infancy. "
Its possibilities are limitless and , as
the years roll on , discoveries will be
made in its application which will
revolutionize the world.
England has more inebriate women
than any other country in the world.
Many attempts have been made by
philanthropic men and women of Great
Britain to help these victims of the
drink habit , but the enterprise which
has had the greatest success was
started by Lady Henry Somerset. It
Is one of Lady Somerset's theories
that .outdoor work in cases of Ineb
riety is the best possible cure. She
has established a colony near London
whore the unfortunate women keep
their little cottages immaculate and
tend their own gardens and chickens
under the , supervision of competent
women. Thirteen hundred women
have been treated and many of thorn
permanently benefited.
There are a lut of fellows whose
looks would be Improved very inucli
If they would go through the experience
ence of Thomas Herbert , who fell
off a wagon , the hind wheel of whlcli
ran over his face and smashed It all
out of shape. Half a dozen physicians
have been at work on him at a St
Louis Hospital and when he goes oul
ho will be fully repaired and be n
much better looking man than before
the accident. But there is no sure
thing of men going through his ex
perience and coming out Improved , sc
that the falling off loaded wagons wll
probably not become a popular sport.
That two or three million people
should go from tl'o crowded cities tc
the country and live the life of r
farmer , is generally conceded by all
the rich as well as the poor and al
others. But the question that stares
us In the face is just how to gel
these millions on the farm so the )
can get to work. We believe that hun
drain of thousands of people woulc
be a hundred times bctti.r off if it
was to the farm they should go , but
we need a solution of the problem ov
how to place the people where they
can earn a living and raise crops
that will sell at a tcusonablc price
as well as afford a reasonable prolit.
Public effort In tills country Is be
coming Ineffectual largely because of
the supremacy of talk and the supine
dependence of the people on a fed
eral appropriation for everything they
want. Take the waterways project ,
as an illustration. Our waterways
need Improving and the job Is feasible
and not prohibitively expensive. U
would be well on the way to comple
tion now If half the energy devoted to
getting up talk meetings had been de
voted to actual work. If the American
people ever hope to accomplish any
thing worth while in waterway Im
provement , conservation or any of the
hundred and one lines of public ef
fort let them stop the eternal flow
of talk , stop whining for appropria
tions and get down to actual work like
men.
A man 70 years of age , James Mathews -
thews by name , was arrested at Pitts-
burg and arralnged in police court
with Elizabeth Morgan , a pretty young
woman. When searched he caused the
police olllcers to gaze in wonder at
what they found. Money was plas
tered all over the man and when
counted It amounted to $180,315. He
surely couldn't be held as a vag as
he could buy up all the police courts
and occupants In Plttsburg. The wise
coppers arrested him and his compan
ion because they thought he acted
suspiciously. The judge couldn't dis
cover anything wrong , ordered the
couple released and the money re
turned. The woman claims to be his
nurse and he is the second wealthiest
coal operator In the northwestern sec
tion of Pennsylvania being worth mil
lions. "However wealthy he may be a
man who will carry around nearly
$200,000 plastered about on his body
can well be considered the veritable
E. Z. Mark.
THE PHILADELPHIA STRIKE.
It is one of the biggest diplomatic
feats on this planet to conduct a suc
cessful strike. The first move in the
game Is to win public sympathy. Un
der ordinary conditions public favor
goes out to the fellow who is working
for $2 per , rather than to the coupon
pen cutters. But the. pul/lic hates
to bo clubbed into anything , and when
the strikers take to brickbats , their
game is about up.
Our people have a keen Interest ,
too , in our military organizations , and
they dislike to see them mauled and
humiliated.
The strikers feel that strike break
ing has become such an organized
business with professional gangs
ready to supply strikers' places any
where at short notice , that clubs and
stones are their only resort. They
are mistaken. The big coal strike
of 1I03 ! was one of many indications
showing that hoards of arbitration are
quite as likely to favor strikers as
favor wealthy companies.
In these days when the whole coun
try Is crying out against high prices
it is well to remember that it was
only fourteen years ago when the
whole country was equally unanimous
In warring against low prices. Mr.
Bryan and his followers declaimed
passionately for "free silver" that we
might have "an era of rising prices , "
while Mr. McKinley's adherents
sought the same thing only by a dif
ferent method. When one contem
plates the general depression and
"hard times" which prevailed oit the
farm and in every industry and busi
ness in that era of low prices and
contrasts it with the prosperity which
now embraces factory and store ami
farm under the high prices now cur
rent the very pertinent question which
presents Itself is "Do we really mean
what we say when wo cry out for
low prices ? " Some of us need bet
ter memories If we are to be perfect
ly safe-guarded against n repetition
of ills which pressed us sorely.
GINGER FOR BREAKFAST.
Always eat ginger In the morning
That is the newly discovered cure for
the got-out-of-bed-on-the-wrong-side
feeling that afflicts so many English
men In the morning.
"For many years , " a correspondent
writes to the London Tid-Bits , "I have
been the victim of my own ungovern
able temper and have never been
able to get myself amiable before
lunch time. Last week a friend presented
sented me with a Jar of preserved
ginger and my good fairy suggested tc
mo that it would be nice ns a rolisli
at breakfast In place of marmalade
Since I have been taking it my frame
of mind In the morning has rapldl }
Improved and now I am able to starl
the day ns cheerily as a typical coun
try farmer. It is the ginger thai
has worked this cure ? "
A well known doctor said that II
people would only eat ginger at break
fast their health would improve ir
many respects and they would starl
the day much readier for work thai
they do now. "Ginger , " ho said , "con
tains an essential oil which acts ui
a fine nerve tonic. It promotes dlges
tion , Is an excellent stomach tonic ani
is extremely good for the liver.
"I am perfectly certain that if more
ginger were eaten the world would
be a very much better place to live
n , for nine-tenths of the people who
arc now unbearable until they have
vorked the bllo out of their systems
would then bo as jolly and bright In
.lie morning ns they are at an evening '
[ tarty now. "
,
TIME TO TACKUO IT.
That Norfolk Is not alone In Its
complaint against freight rate dis
crimination , Is evidenced from the ac-
thlty throughout Iowa and South
Dakota , and In the Nebraska metro
politan centers. j
Norfolk has every foundation for
he belief that It ought to become a
commercial cenler of 15.000 or 20,000
eople. Iowa Is filled with such cities
not so advantageously located as Is
Norfolk. And this territory tributary
to Norfolk Is rapidly filling up just as
solidly as Iowa territory.
But Norfolk never can hope to be
come n wholesaling center so long
as it is possible for n wholesaler at
Omaha. Lincoln or Sioux City to ship
In from the eastern markets and then
reshlp to points In Norfolk's terri
tory , cheaper than Norfolk can. Nor
folk is entitled to be placed on an
equal basis , giving this city an equal
chance with the more distant cen
ters.
ters.The
The people of Norfolk are hoping
for action by the Commercial club
along this line at an uarly date. It
is the biggest problem offering hope
to Norfolk today , and it's time it
ought to be tackled.
THE REAL HAVEN OF REST.
There is nothing more pitiable than
the homeless pprson. Even if the
dwelling is the humblest shack , if
those who dweil therein o\\n the
house and the land upon which It
stands , there belongs to them a dig
nity and a respectability , to say noth
ing of the accompanying peace and
comfort.
We have all seen homes broken up.
We have seen the house that some
man built for himself and his loved
ones pass into the hands of others ,
who it seemed , fairly desecrated the
property.Ve have seen families
move into some one else's rooms , cat
at some one else's tables , and rest
in some one else's chairs , and the ex
perience iniibt have constituted the
deepest tragedies.
A homo a place that is yours a
place away from the rest of the
world no where else on earth of
fers Us refuge. Your neighbor's home
may be grand in its furnishings and
pretentious in its exterior ; your rela
tive's home may be a palace but if
they are not your homes they will
find no lasting happiness in their per
tals.
tals."O
"O , break up housekeeping , " the
thoughtless one says. And then the
restaurant meals begin , the boarding
house parlor is the only place for
a quiet moment. The meal ticket ami
the rent bill seem to be thrust con
stantly in your face. You make n
noise on the stairs , and the landlord
rebukes you. Every stir you make is
apt to disturb someone else. You are
in the position of a slave an impris
oned person.
You may ridicule the sentiment of
the home lover , but the love of home
has been the deepest instinct in the
Ihes of individuals and nations
throughout history.
The law says that "every man's
home is his castle , " and it should he.
It should be guarded and protected
as honor itself. People who move
hither and yon can never know the
real meaning of the word. People who
belittle its importance to human hap
piness are making a vast mistake.
A home of one's own , "Be it ever
so humble , " is the one great essen
tial to peace , comfort and dignity.
THE HIGH COST OF LIVING.
In an article on "The Crisis in
American Home Life , " the Indepen
dent Professor Simon N. Patten , Ph. ,
'L7 L. D. , of the chair of political
economy In the University of Penn
sylvania , discusses the subject of the
high cost of living.
Dr. Patten says we are so used to
pounding millionaires and denouncing
trusts that the underlying fact of the
lack of capital Is overlooked. Fami
lies with incomes of $5,000 a year have
set a new standard of liberality in
expenditures. The constant pressure
to keep up appearances , along with
a decay of the moral Instruction em
phasizing the benefits of frugality and
saving , has taken from industry the
people who formerly were the great
source of its capital. Because the
day laborer still saves we assume
that all classes above him are like
wise saving. The new standard of liv
ing has cut down on the amount of
saving ns it has likewise cut down
on the number of children per fnmilj.
Small families and small wages arc
two effects of one cause , a high
standard of living. The family with
no children Is also the family with
no saving.
Another cause which Dr. Patton
finds In the present crisis is In the
new status of women. Potty years
ago a man would live comfortably on
$1,000 a year. Under the magic of
the wife's hand this $1,000 became
$1,500 or $2,000. The wife created
more value by industry in the homo
than her husband did out of It. In
her hands , cloth became clothes ,
flour , bread and fresh fruits , the winter -
tor preserves. Now nil things are
done outside of the home and must
be purchased with the $1,000 Income ;
The wife no longer contribute' to
the family income by creating value ,
and with the Increased standard of
elaborate dressing , she Is often Its
chief burden.
"There Is nothing striking about
this , " says Professor Patten , "except
In the emphasis that Is placed on tin ?
need of capital. When religious
scruples are no longer checks to ex
travagance and the Quaker , Puritan
and Scotch-Irish have ceased to exist ,
wo shall realize , if we do not before ,
that the essential conditions of home
life cannot bo neglected without bring-
I ing prosperity to a standstill and put
ting discord and rebellion In the place
of peace and harmony. "
t
AROUND TOWN.
Now how'd you like to bo a hog ?
Why not an Edison motor car for
Norfolk ?
Did anybody have any doubt about
Norfolk's paving ?
The world does move. Here's mov
ing day upon us again.
The paving petition is going to get
a few extra signers for good mea
sure.
The people whose birthdays come
on February 2 ! ) , are planning to grow
older without celebrating , tomorrow.
That list of paving petition signers
is getting to be of such respectable
size that it saves quite a bit of copy
each day.
Take a good long look at Norfolk
avenue's mud. It's the last spring
you'll have a chance to sec It that
1 way.
A Norfolk man who went Into the
fancy chicken business , has it figured
up that every egg thus far has cost
him $10.
Do you ever wonder what'll be in
the paper tomorrow what the next
undiscovered twenty-four hours may
bring forth ?
You hear first of the south going
dry. then of Ohio getting under water.
Ohio probably thinks it's getting the
worse bargain.
"One woman who owns chickens ,
never comes to my house but that
she insists upon having all the scraps
from the meal saved for her to take
home , " a Norfolk woman says.
An eastern city is organizing a
movement to set aside one night in
each week when there will bo no so
cial events to call people from their
homes. Norfolk might organize a
movement to set aside one night in
a week when there would be some
thing doing.
ATCHISON GLOBE SIGHTS.
There is probably no greater handi
cap than vanity.
Every woman's life , according to
her telling , is like a novel.
It is as difficult to transplant people
ple as it is to transplant trees.
No girl who is afraid to stay at
home alone evenings should never get
married.
Never ask a man how his health is ,
unless you have a spare half hour to
listen to liis reply.
Lysander John Appteton not only
has meat at every meal , but he asks ,
a blessing over It.
If a woman Is too easily shocked , it
is sometimes an Indication that she
rather enjoys the sensation.
The more money Lysander John
Appleton acquires the higher the
notes his wife admires in singing.
We heard a > , woman say today : "I
have iny faults , but I am as good ns
any woman who chews gum on the
streets. "
You may have observed that this
room for an argument you hear so
much about never has to look long
for a tenant.
Occasionally it happens that a wo
man has to have money to win a hus
band , but a man doesn't have to have
money or charm to win twenty
wives.
The transformation ( disguise for
"wig" ) the hair-dressers have invent
ed , is the greatest blessing of the age ,
when a woman sees the milkman or
her preacher coming , she need not
appear with hair uncombed , or in curl
papers. She can snath her transformation
mation from her kitchen apron pock
et , or from the knife drawer In the
sideboard , and fasten It on witli one
pin , and she will look ns if she had
just left the hair-dresser. With h
transformation to wear at breakfast ,
a woman can hope to keep her hus
band's love.
A great many years ago , when a
girl got married her best nighties ,
which were rather plain , were saved
to be worn at that future event when
the neighbors would come in with
congratulations , and pick out the re
semblance. We don't know what Is
the custom now , but a newspaper re
ceived at this olllce shows n young
mother in bed with her baby on her
arm. The mother has her hair done
in turban effect with puffs , wears a
garment that is cut very low , and held
over the shoulders with ribbons , and
around her neck there Is a big chain.
Do the women who receive the neigh
bor women on such occasions these
days look .as If they had dressed for a
ball , and.-then-decided to retire with
their"clothes onT
Home Course
In Live Stock
Fanning
XVIII. Principles of
Breeding.
By C. V. GREGORY ,
Author of "Home Course In Modern
Agriculture , " "Mnklntf Money on
( lie Farm , " Etc.
Ccpyrluhl , 1000. by American Preti
Association.
of the most Important prin
ciples of breeding Is the law
that like produces like. This
menus that , other things be
ing equal , an animal will tend to pro
duce offspring like Itself. Couplet'
witli this Is the law of variation
whlcli means the tendency of animals
to tl Iff or from each other and from
their parents. No two animals are
alike , and It Is a good tiling that thin
is .so , since otherwise there could be
no improvement.
Like Produces Like.
Keeping the e two laws In mind , the
chief means of improving live stock
must be by selectlo.i. The variation
in the young animals glve.s the basis
for this .selection. The progeny of
two parents will differ both ways
from the parents that Is. some will
be poorer and some better. In gen
eral , the nti'iiber yf poorer ones will
be about ciu , il to the number of the
better one * . Thus In nature little
improvemeir imade , as both the
poorer and litMer animals are used for
breeders. VUth domestic animals
man steps in and llmluates the poor
er half or more , allowing only a few
of the best to reprHluce themselves.
- ; to the luw of like produces
Via. XXXIV. BKEKDINO I'llODUCES UNI-
1'OUMITY.
like , the offspring will tend to be like
these good parents. But here the law
of variation comes In again , causlug
some of the offspring to be better and
some poorer than the parents. In this
case , however , the poorer animals will
be considerably better than the poor
ones of the preceding generation and
Hie good ones will be better than the
best of the previous year. Again the
poorer animals are discarded and the
better ones saved. In this way the
standard of excellence is Improved
from year to year.
To accomplish much , improvement
by selection must be milded by a man
who has a definite ideal in mind. He
must know exactly the kind of ani
mal he Is working for and yhoiild se
lect his breeding stock with tills type
in mind. In tUs way is developed
i Ktrain of animals that are very
much alike in all their characteristics.
Thouiih they still tend to vary , these
variations are not so marked as for
merly , and a more uniform lot of ani
mals re-sulfs. Tliis uniformity is due
In large part to the fact that each
parent has behind it a long line of an
cestors of similar type. An animal
does not get all its characteristics
from Its parents. Part of them come
from the grandparents , part from the
great-grandparents and part from more
remote ancestors. Clearly , then , the
more nearly all the e ancestors resem
ble a certain fixed type the more uni
form the offspring will lie. It Is large
ly by continued selection that nil Un
improved breeds of domestic animals
have been developed. It is this ability
to produi e uniformly good offspring
that makes pure breds so much more
valuable than animals of common
breeding.
The tendency of an animal to resem
ble some of its remote ancestors more
closely than Its Immediate parents in
called reversion or atavism. Thus , oc
casionally a calf of n hornless breed
will show horns , or n pig of n certain
breed will show a color that Is not
found In the breed today. Reversion
cannot be punrded against. The best
that can lie done Is to prevent the use
of reverted animals ns breeders.
Mutations.
Any nice of living things , whether f
lie animals or plants , will occasionally
produce a mutation , or , as It Is com
monly called , a "sport. " This Is an In-
ilhldnal differing to n marked extent
from the general type of the race or
breed. If it is a true sport , it will
produce Its own characteristics in Its
offspring , and thus n new strain or
breed Is developed.
This new strain Is distinctly differ
ent fmm the type from which It came ,
and its offspring show little tendency
to revert to that type. The hornlcs *
breeds of cattle were developed from
sports. The nectarine is n sport from
the peach , and the weeping willow Is
a sport from the ordinary willow.
Sports , when of the right kind , are of
great value In originating new types
and breeds , but they are seldom of
any particular value to the ordinary
breeder.
Latent Characters ,
A point that Is of much value In
practical breeding operations Is the
fact that tbo characters which an ani
mal possesses are not always devel
oped. Such characters are called la
tent , while the ones that arc developed
are called dominant. Characters which
are latent. Ja pue , animal may becotoc
dominant In his offspring. Thus the
milking qualities of n cow are trans
mitted more surely through her bull
calves than through her ( laughters.
The milking characteristic IH , of course ,
Intent In ( lie bull , but It becomes dom
inant in his heifer calves , and In a
greater degree than In the original
cow's heifer calves.
It Is the same way with other char
acters. In fact , so many Intent char
acters enter In to affect the oft
spring that a good sire cannot be pick
ed by his lookM alone. The great
Shorthorn hull Lancaster Comet , one
of the great early improvers of the
breed , was not a particularly outstand
ing individual himself , but ho possess
ed the ability of Impressing his latent
characters upon his offspring for many
generations. The standard bred horse
Hnmbletonlan did not have a record ,
lint he Hired more record hor.scH in
the same length of time than Dan
Patch has. This does not mean that
the selection of high class sires Is not
ImiKirtant. but it shows that It is not
the only point to be considered. These
facts show the great value of tried
sires. An animal that has shown his
ability to sire outstanding offspring
Is worth five times as much as n young
animal that hns not been tried. It IH
a shortsighted policy to get rid of
male aulmals before they have shown
what they can do. When a sire of ex
traordinary ability has been found
keep him as long as he Is strong ami
virile. These same points apply to fe
males as well , though not so strongly ,
as the male Is half the herd , while It
takes a great many females to make
up the other half.
Grading.
One of the most Important means of
Improving a herd is by grading that
Is , by using the best kind of it pure
bred sire on ( he females each year.
The improvement will be rapid and
marked. The offspring of a pure bred
alre mated with ordinary females will
be one-half pure or even more , since
the pure blood will bo more prepotent.
The offspring of these animals will be
three-quarters pure , the next seven-
eighths , and so on. It takes but a
very few years to develop a herd that
are practically pure breds. These high
grade females when muted to pure
bred males will produce practically as
good offspring UH coultl be got from
pure bred females. High grade males
should not be used for sires , however ,
ns they do not have the ability to Im
press their good qualities upon their
offspring , while the Intent scrub quali
ties are bound to crop out.
Crossbreeding.
Crossbreeding that Is , the crossing
of pure bred animals of different
breeds can often be used to advan
tage In producing market animals.
The desirable traits of the two breeds
may be united and a ( superior type of
market animal produced. The cham
pion fat animals at the international
V
live stock show are often crossbreds.
When crossbred animals are used for
breeding purposes , however , they rap
idly deteriorate and the strain soon
becomes run out.
The produce of the crossing of two
distinct species , such as the horse and
the ass , nre called hybrids. Hybrids ,
as is the case witli the mule , nre often
very useful. Hybridization Is of little
consequence in breeding , however , ns
hybrids nre unable to reproduce them
selves.
Inbreeding and Line Breeding.
Inbreeding means the milting of
brother and sister , sire and daughter
or son and mother. Close breeding
means the mating of relatives a degree
further removed. Inbreeding lias been
used to great advantage In developing
the modern breeds of domestic ani
mals. In the hands of other than a
master breeder , however , inbreeding is
FJO. XXXV. A BtnONO PE11CHEKON HEAD.
sure to result In decreased size , vigor
and breeding powers. The safest plan
for the ordinary breeder to follow is
to let it alone.
The surest method of Improving the
pure bred herd Is by line brooding.
This , In its simplest form , is the use
of a line of sires of similar type and
breeding on tin ; females of the herd.
Line breeding results In rapid Improve
ment and the production of a uniform
lot of offspring.
Some Mistaken Ideas.
There are a number of mistaken
ideas in regard to breeding which are
more or less widely believed. One of
the most common of these is the belief -
lief In telegony. or the influence of a
particular sire on subsequent offspring
froifi another sire. A study of the
scientific side of breeding shows that
this cannot lie so. as It Is impossible
for any particular male so to affect
the female that future offspring by an
other sire will lie affected.
THE E.m
The New Diet.
Ab. tell me. would you ever swap
For cuts of beff or sides of veal
The succulent potato chop
Or oatmeal sirloin , kingly meal ?
Would you exchange for chicken meat
The tender fillet of the yam
Or succulent short ribs of beet
For thlncs pertaining to a lambT
No. no ! What meaty meat can via
With what the fields and forests makeT
Who'd be carnivorous ? Not II
Ho , waiter , bring ; that peanut iteakl
Tbcrr * to N v York WorM.