THIS NORFOLK WBKKhY NtiWS-JOUltNAI , FIUDA1' DEOEMWEtt 10 1909
The Norfolk Weekly News-Journal
The Nowat Established 1881.
_ The Journal , Established 1877.
THE HU8E PUBLI8HING _ COMPANY.
" "
W. N. Huso , N. A. HUBO ,
President. Secretary.
Every Friday. Hy mull per your , $1.50.
Entorftl ut the poBtofllco nt Norfolk ,
Nob. , as BecuHid clasfl matter.
TuTophiimss : Editorial Department
No. 22. HtiHlnoHB OIHcc niul Job Rooms
No. II 22.
Airships ought to bo popular with
lilgh-flyerB. .
"Tho sign of the times" Is Uio dollar
lar sign with ChrlBtmtiB almost hero.
VVntorwnys nro getting a boost
Now cnnnlB nro reported to hnvo been
discovered on Mars.
Zclaya. la having a Btormy time of
It , iirul will soon probably Join Castro
In a well-earned obscurity.
Lieutenant Peary deserves the
thanks of his countrymen. Ho has
announced that ho will not go on the
lecture platform.
Undo Joe Cannon Is certainly re
ceiving duo punishment for all of
hlB delinquencies. Ho has congress
on his hands again.
The car In winch Lincoln rode to
Gettysburg Is now headquarters fern
n railroad repair crew. Are our dime
museum men asleep ?
Mary Garden paid $1,100 duties on
ber clothes. Tills Is the first time
that most people thought she had
any to pay duties on.
Rules for aviation pilots arc pro
mulgated by the Aero club of Ameri
ca. Let us hope they arc taught to
toot their horns at all cross walks.
Old George Herbert said some very
true things In a very epigrammatic
way. This for Instance : "A handful
of life is worth a bushel of learning. "
Even holes in the ground cost
money. Last year there wore sev
enteen thousand wells drilled In the
United States at a cost of about
$30,000,000.
Captain Amundson is in Chicago
making propartioris to go to the north
polo. Strange what taste some people
ple have. Unlleve we prefer Venice
with P. Hopklnson Smith.
A St. Louis preacher says that a
sermon should ut two hours long ,
He certainly should be given credit
for boldness , but It is not reported
that ho Is being Hooded with calls.
Just because n woman has had six
husbands she says she Is tired of
matrimony. There arc plenty of men
who haven't married yet that she
ml ht get if she laid her plans right.
Alabama will not bar booze. By
a majority of 20,000 the constitutional
amendment which was to permanent
ly prohibit the sale of llqttdrs ill the
state was defeated at the recent elec-
tlon ,
John Hays Hammond has asked the
assessor to increase his assessment
from $100,000 to $500,000. If this splr <
It should become contagious , deficits
and bond Issues Couldn't ' bo as num
erous ,
There is a man out In Montana who
hasn't spoken to anybody for thirty
years. He is not dumb either. The
state department should hnva heard
of this man and sent him to China
as our minister.
Burlington , la. , is the latest city
to adopt the commission form of gov
eminent. In the election held there
recently it was favored by a vote ol
2638 to 12SC. Every precinct gave n
majority to the plan.
Bryan and Bailey , Cook and Peary
Mrs. Eddy and Mrs. Stetson have al
contributed to the gayety of nation !
by their wrangling , but Interest ir
their controversies seems to have sub
aided. Who will bo next ?
Who wouldn't bo a farmer ? Secretary
rotary Wilson of the department o
agriculture In his annual report sayi
the value of farm products for 190 !
was $8,760,000,000 a gain of $869,000 ,
000 over the preceding year.
Champ Clark , democratic , the lead
er of the house of representatives
is smiling over his prospects of be
Ing speaker. "Ho laughs best win
laughs last. " The successor of Speafc
er Cannon will bo a republican.
Buttermilk is good to extlngulsl
flames with. Some people declare I
Is good to drink. Recently the llttl
town of Patchgrove , Wls. , was save
from destruction by the liberal seal
toring of 500 pails of the stuff.
An exchange says we have too man
deaths from football. Has the edlto
of this paper over given thought t
the fact that If It wore not for fool
ball , baseball and other outdoor sport
hundreds moro would dlo from tuboi
culosls ?
James J. Hill says that farm prc
ducts are going higher. At the rat
bo's going now , If the empire bullde
should get into the presidential garni
ho'd stand a good chance of swiping
the farmers' vote. Hut the rest of us
ah , there's the rub.
Now they say that General Fred
Grant IB likely to be placed on the
carpet for talking too much about
government affairs. No Biich rumor
was over started about his Illustrious
father. If over there was a silent man
It was the hero of Appomatox.
You follows wljo have not passed the
danger line should heed the words
of Dr. Foster , editor of the New York
Medical Record. Ho says : "No man
who is less than 30 years of ago
should touch n drink that contains
alcohol It Interferes with his growth.
The allusions of Secretary Balllnger
HtloiiB of an amateur conservationist
who deals a great deal more with
fiction than with fact , " Is a warm shot ,
but If you want a hot number wait
till the ox-member of Roosevelt's cabi
net makes his reply. Vesuvius Is like
ly to bo obscured for a volcanic erup
tion.
Judge Horace H. Lurton of Ten
nessee , whom President Taft has se
lected to succeed the late Justice Peck-
ham on the supreme bench , was a
former colleague of the president on
the bench and a warm personal friend ,
lie Is 65 years old and a native of
Kentucky. Ho Is the oldest man ever
named for that position.
Professor Metchnikoff of the London
Pasteur institute has discovered a new
microbe the gastro-enteritls germ.
It was found , among other places , on
the surface of Hmburger cheese , says
the scientist. Any microbe which
can live on the exterior of Hmburger
Is certainly a tough and dangerous
bug and should be carefully avoided.
The Wrght brothers are planning
to build an aeroplane that will carry
twenty passengers , fly 700 miles and
transport the mails between large
cities. These machines are not need
ed to elevate the cost of living , but
if the prices of commodities continue
to soar they may prove the only medi
um by which the average citizen can
reach his dinner.
The net profits of the Suez canal
are said to be over $40,000 a day.
The pessimists who arc already ham
mering at the Panama canal because
of its expense and unprofitableness
will do well to remember the above
figures. The Panama canal has every
promise of a trade that will bo vastly
greater than that now enjoyed by
the Suez waterway.
Luther Burbank says : "If people
paid no more attention to the plants
than they do to their children we
should now be living In a Jungle of
weeds. " Whereupon an exchange
suggests that "Mr. Burbank may know
of a scheme to cross a growing boy
with a Sunday school lesson and
produce an animal of perfect deport
ment and noble aspirations , "
Irrigation In western Nebraska is
destined to change the complexion
of the map of the state wonderfully.
Large , prosperous towns are spring
ing up where a few years ago vast
stretches of desert sustained little but
sage brush and a few steers. The
newer methods of agriculture In Ne
braska and throughout the west are
literally making the wilderness bud
and blossom as the rose.
Time is the great vindicator. The
latest martyr to an unsavory fame to
bo rescued is Mrs. O'Leary's cow
which was charged with kicking over
the lamp that started the fire which
destroyed the city of Chicago In 1871.
The boy who then milked the cow has
emerged into the limelight long
enough to declare that the story is
false. Even our modern traditions
cannot stand the best of time.
David Starr Jordan , president of
the Leland Stanford university , In an
address on "The Strenuosity of the
Twentieth Century" given at Chicago
a few evenings ago said : "There arose
so many things to bo done that when
wo want a man to do them , we don't
find out who his grandfather was ; we
don't care. We simply want a man
! ' I who can carry the message to Garcia ,
or whatever wo want done a man
! j who can do It. That's what democ
racy means ; giving every man a
square deal and a chance to do his
best. "
Abe Ruef , pronounced by Prosecut
Ing Attorney Honey as a dyed-In-the
wool-rascal , and possibly Honey was
not far away in his guess , has been
released from prison on a $300OOC
, ! ball. Three physicians were secured
t' ' who admitted cell life wasn't the right
j ! thing for Abe , and that if ho waf
1 kept there long enough he might die
So he was released. He will nc
doubt bo tried some tlmo , in the fu
ture , whitewashed and allowed tc
lose himself.
r
The Duluth News-Tribune pertinent
ly calls attention to the wealth there
Is In agriculture , citing Kansas. Ii
says : Kansas has no minerals and nc
large cities , yet it is fourth among UK
states In the assessed valuation o :
real estate. New York , Pennsylvanli
and Massachusetts alone exceed it ii
the assessed value of all property
It Is the richest of all the states , I
the valuations of the great cities are
excluded , Its total wealth being near
ly $2,600,000,000. "
This Is a great world and this Is
what Sam Jones thought of It : "There
may bo larger worlds and grander
and better worlds than this ; but this
IB a great world. Its mountains are
God's thoughts piled up ; Its prairies
God's thoughts spread out ; Its rivers
God's thoughts In motion ; Jts Mowers
God's thoughts In bloom ; Its harvests
God's thoughts in bread ; Its dewdrops
God's thoughts In pearl , and whenever
wo look about us , every object smiles
back upon us and says , 'I am but the
gift of the gracious Father to His
wayward children. ' "
The beef trust is not satisfied with
controlling the cattle business of tills
country and stealing from the farmer
with one hand and the consumer with
the other. It proposes to control the
.trade of the world. So the Armours
Issue $50,000,000 of bonds to buy up Ar
gentine plants and tie that country
and this up a little more firmly. They
issue these bonds exactly as if they
had authority to Issue that amount
of paper money for the same purpose ,
If they were n railroad company the
government might regulate the Issues
But we have given the trusts a free
hand and are now being punished for
our Ignorance and folly.
Canada has advanced the Implement
tax ten per cent , making the t'otal tax
thirty per cent , which is prohibitive
and will not permit the American
manufacturers to sell any machinery
in Canada. The Illinois Manufacturing
association Is greatly alarmed over
the new state of affairs and will send
a representative to Canada to ask the
officials to withhold the application
of the order until congress can relieve
the strain by some favorable action.
The manufacturers Intend to support
the Mann bill providing for the sus
pension of the maximum and minimum
provisions , and hope that by showing
a more friendly spirit towards Cana
dian exports to escape discriminations.
Thirteen was a lucky number for
the sugar trust. At the Wllliamsburg
docks of the American Sugar Refin
ing company at New York It has de
veloped that each truck load of sugar
was thirteen pounds under weight.
And as it was the rule , during the
busy hours to weigh two trucks a
minute , a shortage of twenty-six
pounds every sixty seconds , n total
of 1,500 pounds an hour , resulted.
When the whole crew was at work
Uncle Sam was being robbed of his
duties on 5,880 pounds an hour. This
system of robbery was operated
smoothly and easily , until within a
few weeks. And these robbers are
referred to as , or at least have been ,
worthy and respectable citizens.
In spite of all the turmoil of re
cent years over railroad and trust
questions , these matters are far from
settled , Railroad rate legislation has
Improved matters somewhat , but re
ports of persistence In rebating are
disquieting. It Is apparent that the
Inter-state commerce commission has
far more work to exercise Its authority
than a single board can attend to ,
There are new courts to be created
to mete out Justice between the car
rlers nnd shippers , steps to bo taken
to prevent stock watering , and a gen °
eral overhauling of the anti-trust law
needed. It Is no holiday task with
which our legislative hired men are
(
confronted , and as soon as the dust
of battle over the organization of the
I house settles , the members will gel
down to business in a business like
j way.
I Jacob RHs says In a Christmas ser
' mon In the "Sunset" In which he ar
1 gues the perpetuation of the customs
I traditions and what remains of th (
buildings erected by our forefathers :
"We cannot afford to forget the Nev
England pilgrims. We cannot afforc
: to forget the devoted fathers win
'
christened our southwestern land am
Its people. All the moro because oun
Is a money mad day whoso lust fo :
wealth would buy all else out of sight
must wo cling to things that maki
for sentiment , so-called , so long a !
that sentiment Is wholesome and na
tional. Why should any one despisi
the word sentiment ? To what di
wo appeal when we invoke the men'i
patriotism In love of the flag ? Wi
will all bo the better for the sentl
ment which preserves every recori
nnd relic of a noble past. All tin
harder can. wo wage war on the fr.n
gons that threaten our national life
We fight and work in vain unless w
are backed by sentiment that reache
down underneath the civic , economl
matter of fact aspect of it all t
the conviction that nro all God's chl'
dren nnd that hence , we cannot le
one another perish. " .
HIS FIRST MESSAGE.
The president's message his fire
annual message to congress create
a favorable Impression. The messag
was Tnftesque sober , serious , doepl
yet bold in suggesting several lir
portant reforms.
The president will win friends pai
tlcularly in his plea for greater e :
peditlon In legal procedure. The pul
lie has grown tired of long com
delays and expedition of Justice is tl (
manded by popular sentiment , wo
based upon a wrong condition. HI
stand agnlimt Injunctions without
warning Is likewise timely.
The message indicates that there
will be no moro tariff revision at the
present time a fact which will cause
no grief throughout America , consid
ering the turmoil that a tariff revi
sion session always Invites.
The Taft method of ordering his
cabinet heads to ask only for money
actually needed and not to pad their
estimates , will receive approval.
His stand on the sugar trust weigh
ing frauds Is vigorous and Indicates
I that the wrongdoers will be punished ,
I to the last ofllclal , oven though the
president has made no bass drum
demonstration about It.
Ills recommendation for a law re
quiring congressmen nnd senators to
make a statement as to whore their
campaign contributions come from , is
wholesome and In line with modern
ideas.
SHERMAN ANTI-TRUST LAW.
It is rumored that an amendment
to the Sherman anti-trust law Is In
| course of preparation that will make
It apply only where there is a crimi
nal intent to monopolize trade.
It Is a wonder that .the trusts had
not accomplished that modification
before. They have been bent on the
impossible task of getting the law
repealed In toto. Convinced this is
time wasted , they now agree that
It would be exactly equivalent to
repeal If they could get such a clause
as this Inserted in the law. And they
are quite right about that. Next after
the statute of limitations , that an
cient joker of "criminal Intent" Is
the best friend that the high-priced
scoundrel ever had. There Is not an
1 embezzler , a high "financier" come to
i grief , a law break of the more am
bitious and powerful sort , who does
I not owe it to this porvision of jus
tice that he Is outside the penlten-
r tiary walls today. It Is the rock on
| which the courts make shipwreck ,
1 the bewilderment of juries , the refuge
of every offender who goes unwhipt
I of justice. Every congressman who
i votes for any such emasculation of the
single statute that the country possesses -
' sesses in restraint of monopoly should
be a marked man.
Observe the daring imbecility of
the pretense that such a change in
i the law Is or can be needed except
' as a protection for the great cap- !
' tallsts who thrive on popular extor
tion. Combination In restraint of
trade is a perfectly definite thing.
When any man goes into the market
to buy all his rivals out so that he
alone may control the business , when
he enters into a price agreement with
his competitors so that between them
they may cinch the purchaser , there
is no mystery about It. There Is no
question of "intent" because no Intent
Is possible. It might just as well be
asked whether or not it is the in
tent of a man who has blown open
a safe to steal Its contents. Put
, that saving clause In the Sherman act ,
j and it Is torn to tatters. Every form
i or monopiy would be safe under it as
i the land of thieves In the west have
found themselves to be , because the
, government Is obliged to prove that
i when they stole the land they "in-
j tended" to steal it. What the Sher
man law needs is not amendment , but
enforcement.
SHOULD MAKE NORFOLK PROUD
The magnificent compliment paid to
the Norfolk public school system as it
is conducted under the able supervl-
. sion of Superintendent F. M. Hunter
, and his corps of Instructors , by State
Inspector of Normal Training G. A.
I Gregory , should cause every Norfolk
citizen to feel proud of the city , and
the city's schools.
Mr. Gregory emphasized the fact
already pointed out by The News ,
that Norfolk people are unusually for
tunate in having secured for the head
of the public school system hero a
man so efficient In every way as Sup
erintendent Hunter. He Is easily ono
of the big school men of the west and
his efficiency , coupled with the energy
of young manhood , has done remark
able things In the development of the
Norfolk school system.
The state Inspector's words brings
the very greatest satisfaction , too , to
1 ! the friends of the teachers employed
| in the Norfolk schools. Their work
Is the best being done by any corps
1 of teachers in Nebraska , according to
Mr. Gregory.
Likewise there Is cause for congrat
ulation in his pralso of the Norfolk
school boys , whose enthusiasm was
shown to so marked a degree In the
recent Y. M. C. A. campaign.
Mr. Gregory's suggestion that Nor
folk should Install the Industrial lines
of study now commanding so mncl :
attention throughout educational cir
cles all over America , should bo giver
serious heed by the Norfolk schoo
patrons. Manual training for the boyi
along systematic lines , a commorcla
course to fit them for business anc
a domestic science course to prepan
the girls for the practical side of home
life , he recommends to Norfolk. Am
no moro Important recommendatloi
could bo made. It Is sadly true thai
many a high school graduate of todaj
knows a smattering of Latin and no1
enough of practical things to earn t
decent living. The schools should fl
both the boys nnd the girls for tholi
prnctlcnl line of work in later years
and the manual training , the domes
tic science to teach cooking and th <
commercial < course to educate thi
youth In the ways of business , are
of very vital Importance.
The visit of Mr. Gregory ought to
give satisfaction to Norfolk , and It
ought to result In benefit.
INTENSIVE FARMING.
The Island of Guernsey , situated In
the British channel , furnishes an ex
ample of what Intensive farming will
do. It Is less than seven miles long
and four miles wide. With soil that
Is rocky and Intractable , cultivating
only 11,600 acres Mt supports a popu
lation of 71,000 people on its farms
and exports crops to the value of
$2,500,000 annually. What would this
atato with Its fertile acres almost
altogether tillable , produce If men
were cont6n with smaller farms and
closer cultivation ? It is beyond com
prehension what a population could
here thrive and prosper.
Wo have In mind one man who cul
tivates only a few acres of land In
this section who by Intensive and in
telligent methods has realized for
several years past , off from his small
area a much larger sum than many
farmers with 160 acres. Ho is plan
ning extensive Improvements which
will be paid from the money already
earned from the land. When these
are made ditches , wells and wind
mills ho will bo able to raise a great
deal moro off from tiie same land
than he does now.
It is no wonder that the attention
of law makers and statesmen Is ev
erywhere being turned toward the pro
motion of agricultural knowledge
among the rising generations. No
where else are there such sure and
splendid possibilities in return for
an investment of energy , Intelligence ,
enterprise and enthusiasm , as are to
be found in the soil. There are acres
of diamonds to be found , not In some
new Eldorado In the primitive west
or north or south , but right here In
God's country where ono is surrounded
by all the comforts and conveniences
the world affords. They are to be
found in a few acres , carefully and
discriminatingly handled. Our re
sources are inexhaustible if only men
In the "sweat of the brow" with lots
of common sense , grit and gumption
will set their wits , their muscles and
their whole souls Into the work of
discovering them in the soil under
their feet , right in the very communi
ty where they live.
It is sheer nonsense to talk about
population outstripping production
from the soil when we have not as
yet touched the outside rim of its
development. It's not more land
but more sense and pluck that is
needed. Let's quit talking , secure a
small acreage of land and get to
work using the best methods known.
Columbus discovered a continent but
never realized heavily on his Invest
ment. What is wanted today are Col-
umbuses on small tracts of land , who
will make the most of their oppor
tunities and realize rishly in wealth
of home , contentment , health , good
cbepr , good citizenship and an increas
ing bank account.
AROUND TOWN.
"God save father and mother so they
can work and make lots of money for
me , " Is the prayer a little Norfolk boy
offered when being put to bed recent
ly.
This is how easily we forget : Ono
Norfolk woman said yesterday that it
never before had been so cold at this
time of year. A year ago today It was
J3 below zero right here in this town.
A woman in Norfolk yesterday got
a letter from a daughter saying : "I
. have your Christinas present all fin-
I ished. I won't tell you what It Is , but
I'll tell you the initials that stand for
! it. They're 'M. M. ' " The mother 'is '
growing greyer headed trying to figure
out what M. M. stands for. She thinks
I maybe it's a mink muff , but she knows
that isn't right.
ATCHISON GLOBE SIGHTS.
A stingy man is usually simply a
careful man.
People often feel like saying things
to other people that they never do
say.
I There Is nothing men know so little
about , and talk so much about , as the
tariff.
Last evening when Lysander John
I Appleton reached home , tired and depressed -
pressed , ho took off his coat and bi > -
gan to hunt for his slippers. "You
needn't take off your shoes , " said his
wife ; "I want you to go to a cairt
I
| party with ,1110. " Lysander John said
i nothing ; ne learned the futility of
argument and imploring , lie tied .ip
his shoestrings and went upstairs.
"He has learned to submit , " said his
I wife to herself. He opened a window
when up there , and neighbors say that
a red tablecloth \vas waved three
times. Lysander John returned down
stairs , and was engaged In eating his
supper a half hour later , when a po <
i , llcoman appeared with a warrant for
his arrest. He pleaded that there must
bo some mistake ; that ho was needed
at home to escort his wife to a card
1 party but the olllcer was obdurate , and
marched him off and kept him all
night. Lysander John returned in
time for breakfast , and explained tc
his wife that is wns a case of mis
taken Identity. She believes him , but
the neighbors don't ; they saw that
tablecloth waved , and claim it was n
signal of distress , and that it called
a policeman to arrest him and save
j him from the card party.
Home Course
In Live Stock
Farming
VI. Pastures and Forage
Crops.
By C. V. GREGORY ,
Author of "Home Course In Moclcri
Aurlculture , " "Mnklnrf Money on
the farm , " ttc.
Copyright. 1000 , by American Preu
Astoclntlon
cheapest gains on farm ani
mals are made with green
food. Plans should be made
to have a plentiful supply on
hand at all times. There will be the
clover mentions , of course , which will
be used principally for liny. Occasionally -
ally there will be a luxuriant growth
of fall fei'tl on them which can be
used for pasture to ndvnntnge. This
second growth clover IH especially val
uable for milk cows , calves and hogs.
Permanent Pastures.
Pastures should be rotated where
possible. Whore a four year rotation
is practiced one-fourth of the cultivat
ed land will be In grass each year.
This will generally be more than Is
needed for hay. In which case part of
It cnn bo used for pasture. In addi
tion to this , there is usually some land
on every farm that Is too wet or too
rough to be used for anything but per-
mnnent pasture. In too many cases
these permanent pastures are weedy
and unproductive. A HOCK of sheep or
goats will do much to get rid of the
weeds. If there are any thistles they
should be cut while In bloom nnd n
handful of salt put on the roots.
Where an urea of land has boon very
severely overgrazed In the past It will
be absolutely necessary that It be very
carefully pastured for the first two or
three years. The native grasses and
forage plants must hnvo a chance to
regain their former vigor and to go to
seed. A very large number of stockmen -
men advocate resting the land that Is ,
keeping all stock off for a period of
three or four years. That tbls remedy
will bring about the desired results
uas boon definitely proved in numer
ous Instances.
To increase the productivity it will
be necessary to thicken the stand and
loosen the soli. The yield of pastures
can often be doubled by running a
disk over them in the spring. This Is
especially true if a few pounds of
grass seed to the acre are used at the
same time. There is nothing better
than alsike clover for the wet spots.
Rc-dtop Is also good in such places , al
though It Is not liked well enough by
the stock to warrant its use where
better grasses will grow.
Alsike clover ( Trifollum hybrklum )
is a perennial clover whose appearance
suggests n hybrid between red and
white clovers , but It Is not a hybrid.
It will thrive on soil too wet for red
clover , but on ordinary soil Is proba
bly not to be so highly reconjnieiidefl.
It should be sown with grasses to give
the best results.
The standard pasture grass through
out the corn belt is blue grass. For
early spring and Into fall pasturage
nothing can equal it. It is nutritious ,
the stock like It well , it is not easily
injured by tramping , and it is a good
ylolder. The chief objection to It Is
that It practically ceases growth dur-
In ? the hot , dry days of midsummer.
At this time it is necessary to supple
ment the blue grass pasture with some
forage crop or have a fresh pasture
to turn the stock Into. Many stock
men hnvo several different pastures.
They stock ono heavily , so that It will
be eaten down close In three or four
weeks , then change the animals to a
fresh one while the grass In the first
gets another start. In this way great
er value can bo got out of a certain
amount of pasture land. It Is n good
plan to allow part of the blue grass
land to make a growth of six or eight
Inches before winter. This makes ex
cellent winter pasture for both caitlp
and horses , and they will thrive nnd
fatten on it. Horses will paw through
several Indies of snow to get to it.
Although bine grass will thrive fairly
well in dry and unsheltered locations ,
it will do better where .shaded mod
erately. Pasture land partly covered
with brush and short timber Is n fa
vorite place to secure a good stand.
Orchard grass Is next to blue grass
In Importance as a pasture crop. It is
hardly as nutritious nor Is It liked as
well bj stock , but it makes a more
rapid growth and continues to grow
throughout the summer months. W'aon
sown In a mixture of other grasses ,
as It usually Is , the stock nro Habit to
oat the more palatable grasses first ,
leaving thn orchard grass to grow up
nnd become hard and woody. Where
the plan of changing pastures Is prac
ticed there is little trouble from this
source , as nil the grass is eaten down
quickly.
A good mixture to sow on old pas
ture hoforu disking Is eight pounds of
blue grass. tv\x > pounds of orchard
grass and two or three pounds of some
kind of clover. Rod clover is good , but
does not last long. In most regions
where bllio grass flourishes white clever -
vor will work without seeding in n
few years. A mixtureof alsike nnd
redtop ficnttoml nround the wet spots
will complete the renovation of thn
pasture. From this time on n good
disking every spring will keep the pan-
turc in good condition. Any thin spots
which nppenr cnn bo roseeded at the
same time. A few trees scattered here
and there throughout the pasture pro
tect the stock from heat and files.
Summer Forego Crops ,
With the best of piiHlun' , however ,
'
Homo additional green feed Is neces //I /
sary , especially during the midsum
mer months. At that tlmo of year ,
when files and heat lire worst , a slack-
eulng In the food supply means a loss
In gain on young stock nnd In milk
production from the cows. A well plan
ned supply of forngo crops nt this time
will give larger returns for the land
used tlinn utmost anything else that
can be grown. Forngo crops can often
bo used to good advantage as catch
crops where other crops have failed to
grow or after something else linn been
harvested. Forage crops by keeping
the land occupied with a rank growlug
crop help to keep weeds In control.
They also ennblo more stock to bo kept
on the farm than would bo the case
otherwise.
Ono of the best forage crops Is rape.
It yields heavy crops of excellent feed.
It Is especially valuable for hogs ami
sheep. They make excellent gains on
rape , particularly If a little grain IB
given In addition , Rape should be
sown In the spring at the rate of about
tour pounds to the acre broadcasted
or two and one-half pounds drilled.
The sei-il bed should be well prepared.
The giintest amount of feed per ncro
is obtained If the rape Is cut and fed.
A more economical way of handling It ,
as far as labor Is concerned , Is to have
small movable pens or n pasture divid
ed Into small lots nnd change the stock
frequently from one to the other. If
loft too long In one place * they cat the
rnpe down so closely Unit It Is killed
or the growth seriously chocked.
Sweet corn Is n valuable forage for
nil classes of stock. A variety which
stools considerably should be selected ,
and the planting should be thick. If
cut and fed fresh every day It is great
ly relished. It Is especially good for
milk cows , often doubling the yield.
Sorghum and Kalllr corn are also
used considerably as forage crops , es
pecially In the southern state's. About
fifty or sKty pounds of seed to the
FIG. XI. HOGS IN IIAI'J ? FIELD.
acre are used when sown broadcast 01
half as much when drilled. It can be-
sown with a grain drill by stopping up-
every other hole. Tlie saccharine va
rieties make the best feed. It' all the-
sorghum Is not used as green feed It
can bo cut nud shocked for winter use.
It will hnvo to be left in the field until
needed for feeding , as It spoils whcu
stacked.
A Good Forage Crop.
Indian corn makes good forage If
sown thickly enough. The largest
planter plates should be used , together
with the fastest drill attachment , ns
thick planting makes small and tender
stalks. Corn which hns well devel
oped cars Is often used us a combined >
grain nnd forage crop for "hogging
down. " The hogs nro turned into the
field In the fall and left until ready
for market. A few sliotes turned hi
Inter v 111 clean up nil the corn which
the fat hogs have missed. Lambs get
n great deal of feed out of the corn
field In the fall , especially If rape has
boon sown at the last cultivation , nneT
do little damage to the corn.
Excellent fall feed can bo obtained
by sowing rape or a mixture of rape
and clover with the small grain In the
spring. If there Is moisture enough
In the ground after the grain crop is
removed n splendid crop of fall forage
will be available In three or four
weeks. Often the fall feed Is worth
more than the grain.
An excellent forage crop for pigs Is
Canada fle'ld "peas. They should 1m
sown In the spring nt the rate of one-
half bushel to the acre , together with
two bushels of oats. If sown alone
the rate of seeding should be two-
* * *
bushels to the acre. The hogs may be
turned on when the peas are In the
dough stage. In the southern parts
of the United States cowpeas and soy
beans may be used In the same way.
Millet yields heavily and makes a-
good quality of hay. It Is also used'
occasionally as a green feed. Millet ,
Is a dangerous feed for horses , lint
may bo fed to other classes of stock ,
with safety.
Succulent Crops For Winter.
Whileiioi strictly forage crops , loot
crops , pumpkins and squashes answer
the same purpose. Sugar beets , man
gels and turnips yield heavily , but re
quire considerable attention during
the growing season. Carrots are es
pecially good as a horse feed. Squashes
yield as many tons of dry matter to-
the aero ns roots , are Just as good
feed and are much more easily grown.
Pumpkins can be grown In Inrgo quan
tities In the cornfields with little ex
tra labor.
Gold Pass For Philadelphia Mayor.
Mayor Ueybnrn of Philadelphia will
attend performances free nt the Ham-
niorstoln Opera House this season. Ho
received a pass from the Impresario
the other day engraved on a plate of
Holltl gold. /
God grants liberty only to those who
love it nnd arc always ready to guard
and defend It. Wflbstw.
