THE NORFOLK WEEKLt NEWS JOUUN'AL FRIDAY AUGUST 6 1909
J A.1 W A. W & A.
Thi Norfolk Weekly Niws-Jgiii
"
fho News , Established 1881.
The Journal , Established II
_
THE HU8E PUDLI8HINO COMPAI
W. N. llusc , N. A. HUM
President. _ Sccroti
jSvcry Friday. By nmll ncr year , | 1
Entered nt the postolllco tvt Norf
Nob. , ns second class mutter.
" Depnrtnl
Telephones : Editorial
No. 22. BuBlncBS OIIlco and Job Hoc
No. II 22.
high rollers will soon bo su
ceded by the high flyers.
It will bo well for congress to
member tbo same letters that B
vote tilHO spoil veto.
The Spanish people do not xv
war. They huvo keen inuinoi
Touching buck to 1898.
It 1ms boon suggested tbnt Prosit :
Tnft hold nn Inquest , ruther than i
n dinner , over the tariff wranglers
Down In Itolivla they are still us
firearms and explosives and kll
people. They seem to forgot that
Klorlous Fourth was over sex1' '
weeks ago.
And now old fashioned boots
men are coming Into style again.
It any wonder that there Is a dem
for free hides ? Why waste so in
Kood leather ?
A Washington ( D. C. ) noxvspr
describes n movement of the Wr !
Hying machines as "a gaspy wobl
There are other "gaspy wobbles" di
In Washington.
With all the new aspirants for ]
lie favor who are skipping nbout
sen , land and nlr , Walter Welli
needs'to hike to the pole or ho w
cut much Ice in Arctic circles.
Governor Haskell of Oklahoma E
that the newspapers which crltl
him are opposed to honest and ni <
government bnt there are a whole
of people who do not agree with (
ornor Haskell.
Figure heads have been ordered
moved from nil the battleships ,
would be a good thing to remove si
animate figure heads from governn
positions whore they have ceased
lie of any value.
Augustus Busch , the St. Louis bi
cr , thinks the prohibition wave Is :
siding. The Globe-Democrat sugg
that it might bo well for the lir
interests , however , to Imitate Gal
ton and build n sea wall.
Chauncey Depew , who was real q
for awhile , has broken out ag
This time it Is in the Congressh
Record. This tariff discussion is
sponslble for many serious affllctl
the people have to bear.
Weston , the pedestrian , threaten
walk back to Now York from
Francisco. While there is no lav
prevent this , there Is consolation
the fact that he is twenty years ethan
than William Jennings Bryan , Ai
lea's great runner for the preside :
Georgia has a homespun governc
"Joe" Brown. As a guarantee of p
faith of his Jeffersonian simplicity
has increased the number of cole
on his staff from thirty to fifty. A\
on earth will as many colonels as
do in the prohibition state to f
Justify their titles ?
Wheat manipulators seem more '
ing to pay their taxes than some
ors , anyway , Jim Patten said w
the assessor asked how much persi
property he ought to assess him ,
you double last year's amount I tl
It will be about right. " But then , J
money comes easy.
At the recent meeting of the nal
nl education association at Denvt
resolution was adopted domain
that nil fraternities and sororltlei
connection with public schools bo r
Ished upon the ground that their
tlmmnco Is destructive to the del
racy of the schools. The resolu
was .unanimously adopted.
There was such a Jam on the 1
York subway that the managers of
road put Into service trains with
nrato cars for women. Now I
found that the women rather stant
In the regular coaches crowded '
men and will not patronize the
put on for their comfort These
will bo discontinued. This Incldei
amusing as showing that lovely
man does not enjoy being loft alor
As far as the world is able to Ji
from developments up-to-date
Turks have not bettered matters
much by firing Abdul Hamld and i
Ing up ns his successor n man of
same family who Is personally a
entity. After going to ns much <
ble ns they did to revolutionize th
It seems as though It would have
to Invest In a new , up-to-date r
family , instead of taking up a s
worn second hand article.
Senator Gore got close to the t
when ho said In a recent speech : "
people must see the necessity of t
lutlonlzlng the methods of the se
and house of representatives. It
never intended by our constitution
tiny one man should bo the sccptt
master of the senate , or the uccptt
monarch of the house of represe
lives. It Is important that the At
lean people should dethrone these r
tors and monnrcliB , those pretcm
and usurpers. "
When n woman Is rich enougli
buy several thousand dollars' wort
clothing In Europe she Is cortn
able to pay the duty on the g <
when they enter this country ,
wife of a rich Boston man who
Indicted for smuggling goods li
trunk with a false bottom Is now p
trnted by the public disgrace she
brought upon herself. In this , ni
other things , honesty Is the host
Icy.
The time to advertise Is now.
crnsttimtlon In this direction Is
thief that puts many a business on
rocks. If you nrojtrosperous you
still desirous of more business
things are going slow , surely thl
the time to Invite people to got a n
on themselves towards your plrict
business and show them the adv
ages to be gained by trading nt j
store. The best time to use prlnl
Ink Is always now. Try It.
A woman In Now York has ni
Illustrated how very reckless s
wives are in taking risks. She
away from her husband with an
leged count. The man got n wire
message from the lady after she
started for Europe saying that she
discovered that her nobleman
counterfeit and that she wished t <
taken back home. Wives who are
templatlng similar adventures sin
ilnd some means of knowing that t
counts are genuine. Otherwise 1
safest to be content with Just an
titled , everyday American husband
John D. Rockefeller has given
ready $112,055,000 to educational
philanthropic institutions and for
this there Is many an humble man
gives only his dimes who has relal
ly a much larger share of the love
esteem of his fellows. The glvini
money , whether It be by tens of
lars or by millions however wo
Its objects can never count for ir
In the hearts of men unless It is kn
and felt that there has been self
rlflce and self denial behind it. 1
not in giving out money but in the
Ing of one's self that endears a ma
the world. It Is heart throbs-
coin that count with humanity.
lien are surely learning to fly.
flying machine made a successful
across the English channel and
Inventor gets $5,000 for it. Wr
Brothers have made many succes
tests with their aeroplanes and
win the reward offered by the Un
States government. It can safelj
predicted that within a few years
ing will be quite a common modi
transportation and a flying mac ,
will cost less than an automobile w
they are manufactured by thousa
The past fifty years have seen ir
great and wonderful advances n
in the world's progress , but the i
fifty promises to see time and dlsti
still further annihilated by the ge
of mankind and not only the earth
the heavens alive with people bon
business or pleasure.
The thought that water Is a r
valuable natural asset for irrlgn
and general navigation and musl
conserved by protecting forests
controlled for industrial uses , is a
one to Americans. We had ha
made a beginning of work In thes
rectlons when a new public us <
which It had been put has aroused
nation to Its great value. The
pliances of electricity have mad
the power which is destined to sv
cede steam and all other form !
power. Private monopoly woke to
value of waterpower In the Indus
future of the country long before
government or the people realized
the water powers were being bo
up all over the country. Presl
Roosevelt did his best to arouse
public to their value and at last
Importance of the policy to the fti
wellbelng of the American peopl
pretty generally understood.
Newspapers and magazines are
of the development of the Cana
northwest , but while this Is marvc
It Is mere bagatelle when comp
with the progress In the western
tlon of our own country. Everyw
here , for thousands of miles , new c
try Is being brought under cultlva
new towns are springing up and
ones are growing Into cities. A
who was familiar with this cou
ten years ago , now finds himself i
unknown land. Deserts have
converted Into orchards and vlneyi
forests have become cultivated h
steads and the waterfall whore
landed his finest trout now turns
wheels of busy mills and factories
needs a journey through this cou
from the Mississippi to the coat
bring to anyone's mind a cotnpre
slon of what Is taking place. 1
making and will keep the whole c
try rich for generations yet to con
Governor Johnson of Minnc
says that traveling about dollvt
chautauqun lectures is a hard life
that he would much rather remal
homo. It is one of the amusing tt
about men that when they reach
I. A. 4 . .
place where they can command $20
night on the platform or big pay
anything they begin to bemoan tl :
fate. No doubt it gets mighty t
some to a homo loving man to t
around the country and utter ti
statements of truth to people v
want to "see" him , but the cash t
swells his bank account so rapldlj
a fine compensation. Andrew Cm
glo Is no doubt working hard to i
gorge some of the wealth that he d
not need , but meantime he has 1
of comforts and luxuries that m
men merely dream of and some d (
have time to do that. There are pi
ty of men who will take Johnsc
fame or Carnegie's wealth any tl
either of them are willing to oxchai
for n commonplace life.
The current number of Success
nn article on "What Women Might
for Tholr Towns , " In which It not o
commends the progress which wet
have made along social and civic 11
and the Influence they are able
exert when organized and In earn
but draws the conclusion that If t
can accomplish ns much as they h
they are perfectly capable of doln
great deal more through the w
spread Influence of the General I
oration of Women's Clubs with
largo membership. The writer sa
"And yet with this body of public s
Ited women , well organized i
trained for concerted action , Amei
has the dirtiest towns In the elvlll
world. The servant problem is we
hero than in any other country. '
laws protect our working women 1
than do the laws of any-other elvlll
state. " According to this statem
there Is abundant work of a most
portant and pressing kind for
women's clubs to do. Compared
the paltry and Insignificant mlssl
pursued by many of these organ
tions the reforms mentioned here
of transcendant value to humanity.
AFRICA'S FUTURE.
It used to be , not many years i
a dangerous and thrilling adventure
go even a comparatively short dlsta
Into the interior of Africa. It was
dark continent , haunted by sav
tribes , fierce beasts , unpenetrable ;
gles and fever laden swamps. ? >
Africa has become so civilized t
even hunters have to take out licer
and must choose between the ordin
license , which permits him to kill o
two animals of a kind or pay the
limited rate and kill all he can. I
a land of wonderful wealth and v
derful opportunities. Even a :
counting out over half the continent
barren , desert , unhealthful or occui
by native ability , Africa has five n
ion square miles of healthful , proc
tive , absolutely undeveloped land ,
gold , minerals and precious stonei
has ! \lmost unmeasurable wealth ,
is supplied with water powers and r
igable rivers and lakes as no ot
country Is. It would have been
veloped long ago but for Its inacce
billty. Africa has few harbors , a ]
tllentlal coast , great deserts , cutl
off the Interior and Impassable
aracts near the mouths of the riv
but the railroads are overcoming
this and African railroads do not h
to build snow sheds and the rivers
lakes are never blocked by Ice. I
predicted that In forty years Afi
will have two transcontinental i
roads running north and south. '
Cape-to-Calro Is now half done
five trunk lines running east and w
Great cities will dot the coun
There will be thousands of steamb (
on African rivers. Good roads
be their motto , and thirty thous
miles of highway will make it
automobile paradise. Ten mil
white men will be living in health
happiness and twenty million natl
will bo able to read and write. S
are a few of the predictions made
those who know Africa in its pres
state and have all faith In Its futur
THE EUROPEAN SITUATION
The revolution in Persia whlcl
being accomplished practically ur
the supervision and with the cooption
tion of Russia Is less interesting at
exhibition of the rise of indepeni
political thought and action among
people of Asia than It Is of
changed relations between the gi
empires of Europe. Ever since
time of Napoleon the bitterest hal
and the strongest Jealousy has t
felt toward each other by Great I
ain and Russia. While they have
served peace with difficulty since
days of the Crimean war , It has t
universally believed and underst
that at some future time they w (
clash over their final boundaries
Asia. Great Britain has felt that
Indian empire would bo less than
cure If the authority of the czar v
pushed too far southward. Russia
her ambition to dominate Asia ,
never ceased her stealthy advai
eastward and southward. It wouli
difficult to find a student of pollt
history within the last fifty years '
did not believe that Imperial neces
would eventually bring about war
tween Russia and Great Britain c
their respective spheres of autho
and Influence In the Orient.
Now , wo witness the astonlal
spectacle of an apparent entente
dlale between these two ancient
emles. There has hardly been a t
In this last half century when ell
power could have asserted Itself as
premo in the affairs ot Persia will
calling forth a remonstrance and , )
mps , Inviting armed resistance ft
: he other. Each would have found
; reat nn extension of the authority
Its ancient enemy n menace to Us c
[ uture so serious ns to be proven
it any cost. Great Britain would h
seen In this coalition the first e
towards a southward move upon
\slntlc empire. Russia would h
seen In It nn attempt to thrust no
ward the wedge that should split
empire In twain. Within a few mon
utter such a move In cither direct
Lho two powers would have been
iictunl conflict. Why does a sltunt
so unexpected make not a ripple u
the surface of European politics ?
Thorpe are two main reasons for
changed situation. The first Is
tllsclosure of Russia's weakness t
Ing her war with Japan. Nothing
[ mother great war , and this tlim
successful one , can restore lies
prestige. A second and more powe
reason Is the drawing together
Great Britain and Russia In the
rlous evolution of European dlplomi
This Is one of the dlstlnguls
nchlevements of King Edward. In
movement to alienate the emperoi
Cicrmany ho has out-played his
ponent. To accomplish this It
necessary to break up the close
llance formerly existing between V
lam and the czar ; and this meant
closer drawing together of Russia
England. A better understanding
tween these two was necessary ,
Dvents prove that It has been rencl
It will be Infinitely bettor for botl
them and for nil Europe that its pc
should no longer be threatened
their rivalry in the Orient , wl :
there Is good work for both of then
ilo and where neither can ever h
to be supreme.
TAFT'S VICTORY.
President Taft has won n dec !
victory In compelling the tariffs
forces to redraft the bill in such sh
that the pledges of the republican ;
ty should be fulfilled. The tr
comes down and the revision (
President Taft promised the peopl
downward revision Is n reality.
The fight was won quietly by
president , put it was won. He g
no sign of Interfering in the wort
building the bill , while it was gc
through congress , but at the last
ment , when the conference had m
up its mind to report a bill that
not suit , the president wrote a le
that definitely settled the question
to his attitude and gave assura
that no bill would be signed wl
did not give lumber as low as $
and a lower rate on gloves and 1
lery.
lery.The
The conferees were angered ,
they surrendered and the man In
white house came out with flying
ors.
Concerning the dramatic momen
which this victory was won , John
Ian O'Laughlin has written to the i
cage Tribune :
For a time the president's proi
clamento threw tro conferees Int
state bordering on panic. They
decided to defy the president and
sort In their report the Littauer n
and lumber at $1.50. They had ca
the democratic members of the i
ference committee to the confere
chamber for the purpose of show
them the report and permitting tl
to vote against It the usual p :
custom.
At this psychological moment ,
president's letter arrived. The de
crats were told that their arrival
proved premature and they were
vlted to leave.
Then the republican conferees ,
gored by the president's further Inference
forence , locked themselves into t :
room and uttered words unfit for ]
licntion. It was asserted that the
houses might as well be advised I
an agreement could not be reached
Saner counsels prevailed , howe
for all of the members present v
"regular" and not inclined to take
action which would give the democ
nn advantage and might disrupt
party.
The beauty of mon like Aldi
Payne and others Is that they are ]
ticians first , last and all the time ,
when they are up against a stone
they do not go to the extent of bu
ing against It. Mr. Aldrich stf
there were only forty-nine votes In
senate which could be depended ute
to pass the bill.
The republican senators from W
ington , Oregon and Idaho had
nounced that they would not appi
the report unless It carried a rati
$1.50 on rough lumber.
Mr. Aldrich finally announced i
these men would have to give In , 1
he was determined a report shoult
made , and , in order to insure the p
ident's approval , Ills demands musl
met.
met.Tho five republican senators f
the states named were sent for. T
were shown the president's lei
Thy remained recalcitrant. Then
astute Aldrlch began to build fires
dor them.
He telegraphed out to the luir
Interests of their states , told then
the president's ultimatum , and adv
them to accept It. Prompt ansv
followed. In view of the wlllingncs
the lumber interests to accede ,
senators representing them were c
polled to follow suit.
While this maneuvering was in p
ress Senator Aldrlch addressed 1
self to securing the assent of Spec
Cannon to the retention of the Dim
rates on gloves.
Senator Cullom , during the mon
session , had announced that ho st
absolutely and unequivocally for
Dlngley rates on these articles
that under no consideration would
accept any compromise. He was
that Speaker Cannon was Insistent
that former Congressman Llttf
would be a bitterly disappointed n
"In such a matter as this , " rep
the Illinois senator , "I care not !
for the views either of Mr. Cannot
Mr. Littauer. I believe the Ding
rates arc right and I am going to Bin
by them. "
Here was further proof that Pr
dent Tnft would not be alone nine
the confcrccB In his demand that i
exorbitant house rates on gloves
not adopted.
Speaker Cannon , when ho nrrb
In the conference chamber , was
vised by Senator Aldrlch that the c
forces had determined to report
favor of the Dlngloy rates.
The speaker was angry. Ho 1
been criticising the Intervention
President Taft during the day and 1
asserted It was a mistake for him
have been consulted at all ; that It v
the business of congress to make 1
Iftlutlon and that the president's pox
was restricted to approving or dls
proving It. Senator Aldrlch poin
out , however , that congress was
such a position that It had to uurr
dor.
dor.The speaker finally acquiesced ,
ho , too , Is n practical politician and
left the conference chamber xvlth i
dent disgust written upon his face.
AROUND TOWN.
Did you hear our pleadings , :
Weather Man , for this week's s
shine ?
Those three little spring chlckom
Madison created more real cxcltcm
than the double shooting.
There's a young man In Norfolk v
has proposed to nt least three g ;
within the past two months.
The school boy better make the b
of this last month of vacation. Sch
starts Just n mouth from noxv.
At a little party given for a 7-yc
old Norfolk boy the other day , ele <
of the fourteen guests present w
suffering from xvhooplng cough.
ATCHISON GLOBE SIGHTS.
An Atchlson young woman lat
made a dress In three hours.
Some slang covers the ground c <
pletely , and covers It quickly.
If you want to make a man very
gry , get some one to pray for him.
The better satisfied you are w
yourself , the less likely you are
give satisfaction to others.
Ordinance No. 337.
An ordinance knoxvn as the ann
appropriation bill , appropriating s\ \
sums of money deemed necessary
defray all necessary expenses and
abilities of the city for the ensu
fiscal year. Appropriation for ei
fund , and the rate of levy upon
property of said city therefor.
Be it ordained , by the mayor :
council of the city of Norfolk , Neb. :
Section 1. That the folloxving su
of money be , and the same hereby
nppropriated from the revenues of
said city of Norfolk , Nebraska , for
fraying the expenses of said city ,
its liabilities , Interest on bonds i
sinking fund , for the ensuing fis
year commencing on the second M
day of August , 1909 , as follows :
Salaries of officers $4OOC
Police 3.00C
Fire department 3.00C
Office supplies 30C
Printing 60C
Streets and alleys 5,00 (
Miscellaneous 2.00C
For Corporation gulch ( ex
pense 3,30 (
For dyking and drainage 3,00 (
Street light fund 3,00 (
Interest on bonds due 19il. . . 45C
Interest on bonds due 1911. . 45 (
Interest on bonds due 1919. . 1.71C
Interest on bonds due 1936. . l.GOC
Sinking fund bonds duo 1911 , 2.50C
Sinking fund bonds duo 1919 , 3,80 (
Water fund repairs and cxton
sions 4.00C
Public library 1,00 (
Sec. 2. That the folloxving levy
made upon the taxable property
said city of Norfolk , Nebraska , for
said year and for the folloxving r
poses , to-xvlt :
General fund 15 m
Street light fund 5m
Interest fund 7m
Sinking fund 10 m
Water fund 514 m
Library fund 1 % m
Police fund 5m
Fire department fund 6m
For Corporation gulch 5m
Sec. 3. Tills ordinance to take
feet and be in force from and after
passage , approx-al and publication
required by law.
Passed and approved this 28th t
of July , 1909.
Attest : J. Friday ,
Ed Harter , Mayoi
City Clerk.
Ordinance No. 338.
An ordinance fixing the time i
place of holding regular and spe <
meetings of the city council of the c
of Norfolk , Nebraska.
Be it ordained , by the mayor t
council of the city of Norfolk , Nebi
ka :
Section 1 , That the regular mt
Ings of the city council of the city
Norfolk , Nebraska , shall bo hold on
first and third Mondays of each mo :
hereafter. And that special meetli
shall bo held at such tlmo ns ordo
by call of the mayor in manner i
vlded by Inxv.
Sec. 2. That the place of hold
regular and special meetings of
council of the city of Norfolk , Nebt
ka , shall be at the council room in
city hall In said city.
Section 3. This ordinance to ti
effect and bo In force from and af
Its passage , approval and publlcat
ns required by law.
Passed and approved this 28th t
of July , 1909.
Attest : j. Friday ,
Ed Harter , Mayoi
City Clerk.
Making Money
On the Farm
VII.-Small Grain
Breeding
By C. V. GREGORY.
Author of "Homo Course In Modem
Agriculture"
CopyrlKht , 1909 , by American Pr .
Association
grain breeding is secoi
SMALL to corn brooding in Impo
tnncu. Indeed , there Is ovt
moru chance for Improvcuiei
along this line , since BO little him bei
done already. The average yield i
ontn in loxva in 11)08 ) WOB only txvunt ;
three bushels to the acre , xvhllo mm
fields yielded throe UtncB that muc
Tills Is only one Instance out of nun
that could bo given to show the groi
need for Improved Heed.
With small grain , ns with corn , tl
work of Improvement must largely 1
done for each special locality. Eac
type of WH and cllmntu affects tl
crops In a different way , nnd varletli
that yield well In olio part of the cou
try may fall utterly under dlfferei
conditions. Thin makes It uecessui
for each locality to have Its sun
grain brooder. There Is no opcnli
along the line of special farming tin
offers greater opportunities to the ai
bilious young farmer than this. Tl
work Is a little more particular thr
corn breeding perhaps , but the rcsul
are Just as sure and the profits Just i
great. Even though you may not ca
to take up Htnall grain breeding ns
business , It xvlll pay you to carry it <
to n limited extent at least to provlt
Improved weed for your oxvn use.
Selection the Basis of Improvement
The requirements of the vurioi
grains vary xvlth the use to which tin
are to be put , but the yield is an ii
portaut point with all. Selection
the basis for Improvement in yield :
well ns In the other points that xv
be taken up inter. The llrst step Is
select the variety that seems to 1
doing best In your locality , and u
that as the basis of improvement. Tl
simplest method of breeding is to F
lect n few of the best heads at harvc
time to start with. A great dlfferen
will be observed nt this time. Son
heads of oats , for instance , will co
tain three times as many berries ;
others not n foot axvay. The se <
from these large heads , folloxvlug tl
laxv of "like produces like , " give In
ger yields.
The seed from the selected heads
soxvn on n plot by itself the no
spring. Small grain is not like corn
that It is normally self fertilizing. Tl
lloxver Is Inside the hull , ' BO that tl
pollen cannot get from one to tl
other. The only way cross polllnatii
can be accomplished is by hand. Soi :
improved varieties have been produ
cd In tills way , but the operation is t
delicate and the results too unccrta
for the beginner. Being self fertilize
the only way small grain can be mix
is mechanically , by mixing the seed ,
is not necessary that the breeding pi
be a considerable distance away fro
the other Holds , as in the case of cori
The produce of this breeding pi
should bo thrashed separately and usi
for planting n larger field the ne
year. The year after that there w
be enough seed for the entire ncrcai
of small grain.
This method is simple and casl
worked out on nny farm. The trout
with it is that the Inherited dlffc
Fid. XIII OKA IN IN IJUEEDINO 1'LO
onccs ill the yielding ability of dil
cut heads is not fully taken into
count. The only way to tell xvhlcl
two equal sized heads xvlll yield
most is by uctunl test. If the grca
improvement is to be made Indlvli
head tests will have to be resorted
Individual Head Tests.
Those Individual head tests are
rlcd on In much the same mnuuci
the Individual ear tests xvlth corn. '
heads should bo carefully selectee
the full. In addition to the size
heads , the stiffness of the straxv ,
height nnd freedom from rust
other fungus diseases should bo no
The roxvs In the breeding plot Bhi
be four Inches apart nnd the keri
dropped the same distance opart In
roxv. The aim throughout should bi
have the conditions as nearly
those of the field as possible. '
number of rows will depend to n <
Bldornblc extent on the tlmo that
bo devoted to the work. The lui
the number the greater the probn
Ity of producing something good ,
ty roxvs is n good number to B
with.
Increasing the Yields.
In the full the roxvs should bo ci
fully examined. Some xvlll bo led
badly. Others will have poorly fll
short heads. Still others will be bn
rusted or smutted. Discard all tt
nnd harvest and xvelgh the product
ench good roxv separately. There
bo a fexv that xvlll be considerably
tor than the rest From these cno
of.the , best heads should bo selecte <
plant next year's breeding plot '
n rust Bhould be thrashed together i
used for planting an Increase bed. ' .
y
Bced from the iucretso bed Is useO
plant a bigger field and the seed fi
this for the general fields or for sal
By selecting the best heads for e.
year's breeding ulot Imurovomeot
rapid nnd marked , it takes two or
throe yearn nfter the Improved seed
has been produced to obtain It In RUfil *
clcnt ( lunntttles for general URC , but
the results xvlll pay for all the trouble ,
even If you produce seed for your oxvu
Use only. After the superiority of
your nuxv strain In once shown , how
ever , you xvlll bo iK-'sleged xvlth re
quests for need and cnn udd consider
ably to your Income by supplying the
demand thus created. The trade xvlll
continue good , for each year you xvlll
huvo something n little better to offer.
In addition to the selection for yield ,
strong Btruxv and freedom from dis
ease there are a number of other
points that should be considered.
These depend to n considerable extent
on the use to xvhlch the grain Is to bo
put.
In selecting outs the per cent of hull
Is ono of the most Important points to
look to. This varies from SO to 50
per cent of the entire xx'olght. Slnco
oat hulls are of little more value than
struw , It Is evident that the smaller
the percentage of hull the moro valua
ble the outs xvlll lie. A more examina
tion xvlll show the difference betxveen
n thick and n thin shelled out To do *
t
no xrv GOOD BEAD op BEAHDED WHEAT.
termlne the differences more exactly
It is necessary to weigh a hundred
onts or so on n line balance such as
any doctor or druggist possesses , then
press out the hulls and xvelgh them
and calculate the i > cr cent. The weight
of oats to the measured bushel varies
from twenty-live to fifty pounds. The
heavy oats are of course the most
valuable. Nearly all grain elevators
have a small device for testing the
weight per bushel.
Another point to be considered Is the
tendency to stool. In localities where
the summers are cool and lute varie
ties can be groxvn. u tendency to stool
considerably Is desirable , since a thick
stand can be secured with loss socd.
Where the summers are hot and early
varieties must be grown , hoxvovor , the
tendency to stool to any grout extent
should be discouraged , since stealing
always delays ripening. Often a bull
will be seen partly Inclosing a smaller
oat. These small oats are known as
pin outs. They lesson the ylold , and
a strain which contains many of them
should be discriminated against.
There are three general types of oats
side oats , hulloss oats and spreading
oats. The hulless varieties do not yield
enough to be of any great value. The
side oats , in xvhlch the berries arc allen
on one side of the head , are grown in
this country to a limited extent only.
Most of the oats groxx-n are of the
spreading varieties. There are varie
ties of oats of almost every color ,
white , yclloxv , black and green being
the most common. There Is little dif
ference In yield that can bo ascribed
to color. If they are groxvn in a com
munity in large enough quantities so
that they can be shipped in carload
lots the soiling price xvill not vary
much.
Selecting Wheat and Barley Heads.
In selecting wheat bonds those that
do not shell too readily should be gix en
the preference , since much wheat is
test by shelling during harvest. The
grains should bo plump , smooth and
bright The seed coat should be tough
nnd not cracked. Where the bran la
brittle nnd cracks easily it is dltllcult
to separate it from the flour. The
kernels should be hard. Hard xvheat
makes better flour oxving to the great
cr percentage of gluten , and millers
will pay more for it. Beardless wheat
Is raoro easily handled , but It docs not
yield ns xvell ns the bearded varieties.
In barley the hull adheres to the
homcl In thrashing. The grains should
be bright ns the quality of brewing
"barley depends largely upon the color
The best barley for brewing purposes
Is that which contains the most starch
Tills can lx > determined by cutting
through the grain nnd noting the per
centage of starch to horny part * . For
feeding purposes a smaller percentage
of starch is desired.
Beardless barley la n little loss hardy
and yields n llttlo less than the bonn'l-
cd sorts , but the convenience of linn
dllng more than makes up for this
There are two types of barley , the two
roxved and the six rowed. The six
rowed varieties have- given tbo best
naUsfactloii In this country.
Ho Told Hep.
"Tell me frankly , sir. what do you
think of my daughter's voice ? "
"Well , madam , I think she may have
a brilliant future In water color paint
Ing. " Paris Figaro.
It's xvhen a follow thinks he Is out
of sight that he feels all eyes are upot
hlm.-l'lttaburB Oazette.
