TilK NOHKOUv NKWS : I'MHUAY. IWKMIWlt 5) ) 11)0-1. )
CONGRESS HEARS THE ADDRESS
OF THE EXECUTIVE.
IMPORTANT ISSUES DISCUSSED
Mr. Roosevelt Takes a Strong Posi
tion Against Railroad Rebates Af
fairs of Capital and Labor and the
Corporations are Treated.
Washington , Doc. C. The full text
of President Theodore Roosevelt's
message 1ms been delivered to con
gress , the rending beginning at 1
o'clock this nftcrnoon. Sonio of tin-
main features are as follows :
The enlargement of scope of the
functions of the national government
required by our development us n na
tion Involves , of course , Increase of ex
pense , and the period of prosperity
through which the country Is passing
Justifies expenditures for permanent
Improvements far greater than would
bo wise In hard times , hut abundant
revenues and n large surplus always
Invite extravagance , and constant care
should be taken to guard against un
necessary increase of the ordinary ex-
peuses of government.
Cupllnl Mini Iiiiluir.
The relations of capital and labor ,
and especially of organised capital aud
organized labor , to each other and to
the public nt large come second in Im
portance only to the Intimate questions
of family life. Our peculiar form of
. government , with Ita sharp division of
authority between the nation and the
BOTcral states , has been on the whole
far more advantageous to our develop
ment than a more strongly centralized
government. But It IB undoubtedly re
sponsible for much of the dltlieulty of
meeting with adequate legislation the
new problems presented by the total
change in Industrial condition * on this
continent during the last' half century.
In actual practice It has proved ex
ceedingly dilllcult , and iu many cases
Impossible , to get unanimity of wise
action among the various states on
these subjects. From the very nature
of the wise tills Is especially true of
'the Inws affecting the employment of
capital in huge masses.
With regard to labor , the problem lane
no less Important , but It Is simpler. As
long as the states retain the primary
control of the police power the circum
stances must be altogether extreme
. which require Interference by the fed-
trnl authorities , whether in the way of
afcgnardlng the rights of labor or In
the way of seeing that wrong Is not
done by unruly persons who shield
themselves behind the name of labor.
It there Is resistance to the federal
courts , Interference with the malls or
Interstate commerce or molestation of
' *
< federal property , or If the state authori ' I
ties In some crisis which they are un j
able to face call for help , then the fed '
eral government may Interfere ; but , I
though such Interference may be caused , '
.
ed by n condition of things arising out '
[
of trouble connected with some question '
,
tion of labor , the Interference Itself I
simply takes the form of restoring or
der without regard to the questions i
which have caused the breach of or
der. In the District of Columbia and
In the territories the federal law covers .
'
ers the entire Held of government. But ;
the labor question Is only acute In i
populous centers of commerce , manu .
factures or mining. Nevertheless both i
in the enactment and In the enforce
ment of law the federal government ;
within Its restricted sphere should set ;
'
en example to the state governments , ,
especially in a matter so vital us this i
I
affecting labor.
I.nlior UnluiiD. !
I believe that muter modern Industrial
<
trial conditions it la often necessary and
even where not necessary It Is yet often
|
ten wise that there should be organization
\ '
tion of labor iu order better to secure
the rights of the individual wagework-
er. All encouragement should be given
to any such organization so.long ns It
Is conducted with n due aud decent re
gard for the rights of others. There 1 '
are In this country some labor unions
which have habitually uud other labor
unions which have often been among
1
the most effective agents In working
,
for good citizenship and for uplifting
the condition of those whose welfare
should be closest to our hearts. But
when any labor union weeks Improper ,
,
ends or seeks to achieve proper ends
!
by Improper moans all good citizens , ,
nrid more especially all honorable pub
lic servants , must oppose the wrongdo i
ing as resolutely as they would oppose
the wrongdoing of any great corpora
tion. Violence , brutality or corruption
should not for one moment be tolerat
|
ed.
Kntlrc niRlit to OrRnnU * .
.
Wageworkers have an entire right
to organize and by all peaceful nud
honorable means to endeavor to per
suade their fellows to join with them
in organisations. They have n legal
right , which , according to circum
stances , may or may not be a moral
right , to refuse to work Iu company
with men who decline to Join their or
ganizations. They have under no cir
cumstances the right to commit violence
lence upon those , whether capitalists i
or wageworkers , who refuse to support :
their organizations or who side with i
those with whom they are at odd * , for
mob rule Is Intolerable In any form.
The wageworkers are peculiarly enti
tled to the protection and the encour
agement of the Jaw. Wherever the na
tional government has power there
should be n stringent employer's llabll-
Ity Inw. which should apply to the govI
ernniPtit Itself where the government
Is an employer of labor.
I'rrvritllon of Itnllrnml
Tin1 ever Increasing casualty lint upon -
on our railroads In a matter of grave
public concern and urgently calls for
action by the congress. The pannage of
n law requiring the adoption of a block
signal system ban been propotrd to the
congress. I earnestly concur In that
recommendation and would also point
out to the congress the urgent need of
legislation Iu the Interest of the public
afcty limiting the hour * of labor for
railroad employees In train non-Ice up
on railroads engaged in Interstate com
merce mil providing that only trained
and experienced portions be employed
in positions ot responsibility connected
with the operation of trains.
The safety appliance la\v , as amend
ed by the act of March 2. lK ! > : t , has
proved hcnctlclal to railway employees ,
and In order that Its provisions may be
properly carried out the force of Inspectors
specters provided for by appropriation
should lie largely Increased. This serv
ice has passed the experimental stage
and should receive generous recogni
tion by the congress.
lliiri'iiu of l.fitior.
Much can be done by the government
In labor matters merely by giving pub
licity to certain condition * . The bureau
of labor has done excellent work of
this kind In many different directions.
I shall shortly lay before you in a spe
cial message the full report of the In
vestigation of the bureau of labor Into
the Colorado mining strike , as this IH a
strike In which certain very evil forces ,
which arc more or loss at work every
where under the conditions of modern
Industrialism , became startllngly prom
inent. It Is greatly to be wished that
the department of commerce and la
bor , through the labor bureau , should
compile and arrange for the congress
a list of the labor laws of the various
states and should be given the means
to investigate and report to the con
gress upon the labor conditions In ( lie
manufacturing and mining regions
throughout the country , both as to
wages , ns to hours of labor , as to
the labor of women and children and
as to the effect In the various labor
centers of Immigration from -abroad.
In tbl1' Investigation especial attention
should be paid In the conditions * of
' child labor and child labor legislation
Iu the several states.
I Coritiirntloiix.
! When wo come to deal with great
I corporations the need for the government -
! mont to net directly is far greater than
In the ease of labor , because great cor-
| partitions can become Hiich only by engaging -
gaging In interstate commerce , and in-
!
i turstate eoiuiiior.ee is peculiarly the
Held of the general government. It Is
an absurdity to expect to eliminate the
| abuses in great corporations by state
' action. It Is dilllcult to be patient with
j an argument that such matters should
I he left to the states , because more than
1 one state -pursues the policy of creat
ing on easy terms corporations which
are never operated within that state
at all. but In other states whose laws
they Ignore. The national government
alone can deal adequately with these
great corporations. To try to deal
with them In an Intemperate , destruc-
tlve or demagogic spirit would In all
probability moan that nothing whatever -
ever would be accomplished , and with
absolute certainty that if anything
were accomplished It would be of a
harmful nature. The American peo-
pie need to continue to show the very
qualities that they have shown that Is ,
moderation , good sense , the earnest
desire to avoid doing any damage and
yet the ( pilot determination to proceed ,
Btep by step , without halt and without
hurry , In eliminating or nt least In
minimizing whatever of mischief or of
evil there Is to interstate commerce
In the conduct of great corporations.
They are acting In no spirit of hostility
. to wealth , cither individual or cor-
porato. They are not against the rich
man any more than against the poor
man. On the contrary , they are friendly -
ly alike toward rich man and toward
poor man , provided only that each acts
In n spirit of justice and decency toward -
ward his follows. Oroat corporations
are necessary , and only men of great
and singular mental power con man
age such corporations successfully ,
and such men must hove great re-
'wards. But these corporations should
be managed with due regard to the
Interest of the public as a whole.
Where this can -Ite done under the proa-
ent laws It must he done. Where
these laws come short others should
be enacted to supplement them.
IliiriMui af Corpornlloim.
The bureau of corporations has made
careful preliminary Investigation of
ninny important corporations. It will
Innkc a special report on the beef In
dustry.
The policy of the bureau Is to ac-
compllsh the purposes of its creation
by co-operation , not antagonism ; by
making constructive legislation , not
destructive prosecution , the Immediate
object of Its Inquiries ; by conservative
Investigation of law and fact and by
refusal to Issue Incomplete and bourn
necessarily Inaccurate reports. Its pot-
Icy being thus one of open Inquiry Into
and not attack upon bnwlnosi. the 1m-
roau has been able to gain not only the
confidence , but , better still , thocoop-- )
( . ration , of men engaged In legitimate 1
business. j
The bureau offers to the congress-
the moans of getting nt the cost of pro-
fluctlon of our various great staples of
commerce. - I
Of necessity the careful Investigation j
of special corporations \ \ ill afford the i ,
commissioner knowledge of certain
business facts , the publication of which
might be an Improper Infringement of
private rights. The method of making
public the results of these invoMik'n-
tlons affords , under the law , n menus
for the protection of private rights.
The congress will have all facts except
such ns would give to another cor
poration Information which would Injure -
jure the legitimate biiBlneiss of n com-
I , I'cnior I ' ami destroy the Incentive for
1 imlhldital ' superiority nnd thrift.
'I'ho litironu has also made exhaustive
p.xamlnatlons Into ( bo legal condlllon
I under which corporate business Is car
ried j on In HIP various states , Into all
judicial J declMons uii the subject and
Into the various systems of corporate
taxation Iu use. I call special attention
to the report of the chief of the bureau ,
and I earnestly ask that the congress
carefully consider Iho leporl and rec
ommendations of the commissioner on
this subject.
The business of Insurance vitally af
fects Hie gioat mn s of the people of
the United States nud In national nnd
not local In Its application. It luvohos
n multitude of transactions nmong the
people of Iho dllicrout stales and be
tween American companies and for
eign governments. I urge Hint the con
gress carefully consider whether the
power of the bureau of corporations
cannot coiiNtltutlnnnlly bo extended lo
cover Interstate transactions In Insur
ance. .
. .
.
Irrigation.
During the two and n half yearn that
have elapsed ulnce the passage of the
reclamation act rapid progress him
been | made In the surveys and exami
nations of the opportunities for recla
mation in the thirteen stated nnd three
territories of the arid west. Construc
tion has already been begun on the lar
gest and most Important of the Irriga
tion works , and plans are being com
pleted for woiks which will utilize the
funds now available.
The forest policy of the government
Is just now a subject of vivid public
Intel est throughout the west and to the
people of the fulled States in general.
The forest reserves themselves are of
extreme value to the present as well
ns to the future welfare of all the
western public land states. They pow
erfully nffoei the use ami disposal of
the public lauds. They are of spe-
' chit ' Importance because they pre
serve the water supply and the supply
of Umber for domestic purposes and so'
promote spttleinpnt under the reclama
tion act. Indeed they nre essential to
the welfare of every one of the great
Interests of the west.
1 have repeatedly called attention to
the confusion which exists in govern
ment forest mutters because the work
is scattered among three Independent
organizations. As 1 have recommend
ed , all the forest work of tlie govern
ment should be concentrated Iu the de
partment of agriculture , whore the
larger part of Hint work is already
done. The Canyon of Hie Colorado
should bo made a national park , nnd
the national park system should In-
elude the Yosemlte nnd ns many ns
possible of the groves of giant trees In I
California.
I'viiMlnniv.
The veterans of the civil war have j
n claim upon the nation such ns no
other body of our citizens possess. The
pension bureau has never In Its history
been managed Iu a more satisfactory
manner thuii Is now the cueu.
Helm t * .
Above nil else we must strive to keep
the highways of commerce open to allen
on equal terms , and to do this It is nec
essary to put n complete stop to all re
bates. Whet her the shipper or the rail
road is to blame makes no difference.
The rebate must bo slopped , the abuses
of the private car nnd private terminal
track and side truck systems must be
stopped , and the legislation of the Fif
ty-eighth congress which declares It to
bo unlawful for any person or corpora
tion to offer , grant , give , solicit , accept
or receive any rebate , concession or
discrimination In respect of the trans
portation of any property In Interstate
or foreign commerce whereby such
property shall by any device whatever
be transported at a less rate than that
named in the tariffs published by the
currier must lie enfoiced. While Tnni
of the opinion Hint at present it would
bo undesirable If It were not impracti
cable finally to clothe the Interstate
commerce commission with general au
thority to fix railroad rates. I do be
lieve Hint ns n fair security to ship-
pets the commission should be vested
with the power where u given rate has
been challenged nnd after full hearing
found to be unreasonable to decide , sub
ject to judicial review , what shall be u
reasonable rate to take Its place , the
ruling of Hie commission to take effect
Immediately and to obtain unless and
until It Is reversed by the court of re
view.
Steamship companies engaged In In
terstate commerce and protected In our
coastwise trade should be held to n
strict observance of the Interstate com
merce not.
[ The president hero discusses the
city of Wnshlngton , making numerous
recommendations looking to Its better
government. He nsks that laws be
passed preventing overcrowding In the !
tenement districts , for the abolition of
blind alloys and the proper housing of
the poor.He nNo recommends changes
In the criminal code , and xvould have i '
wife beaters corporally punished. ]
U It I ii ill MIII lii ( 'ovfriillicnt Olllren.
There Is no objection to employees of ' ' I
the government forming or belonging
to unions , but tlie government can nei
ther discriminate for nor discriminate
apilnst nonunion men who are in Its
employment or who seek to bo employed -
ployed under It. Moreover , It Is a very
grave Impropriety for government cm-
ployces to , bund themselves together
for the purpose of extorting Improperly
high salaries from the government.
Kspecinlly is tills true of those within
the flassilicd hervlce. The letter car-
Hers , both municipal nnd niral , are ns
n whole nil excellent body of public
servant * . They should bo amply paid.
Ititl their payment must be obtained
by arguing their claims fairly and hon
orably before the congress and not by
banding together for the defeat of
those congressmen who refuse to glvo
promises which they cannot In con
science give. The administration has
taken steps to prevent and punish
nbut-es of this nature , but it will be
wise for the congress to supplement
this action bv luL'inlutlou.
I'oiioiilnr
Oir consular system needs Improve
ment. Salaries should bo substituted
for fees , and the proper classification ,
grading and transfer of consular of-
llccrs should bo provided. I am uot
prepared to say Unit a competitive sys
tem of examinations for appointment
would work well , but by law It Mliould
IIP provided thai consuls should bf
familiar , according to places for which
they apply , with the French , Gorman
or Spanish language and should pos
sess acquaintance with ( ho losnurcos of
the I'lillcd Slates.
It \ desirable to enact a proper na
tional quarantine law.
I call your attention to the gloat
oxtravagaiive iu printing and binding
KOVBvnnu'nt publications and especially
to Hie fact that altogether too many of
these publications ale printed.
t iiri-rin'j.
The attention of the coiigiesu should
lie especially given to the currency
HUesilon and ilia ! the standing commit-
( iis on the matter In the two houses
charged with the duty Inko up the mut
ter of our currency and t-oo whether It
Is not possible to neciiio mi agreement
Iu the business world for hollering the
system. The commit lees should con
sider the question of the retirement of
the greenbacks and the problem of so-
cutlrig In our currency such elasticity
us IH consistent with safety. Kvory
nllvor dollar should bo made by law re
i deemable Iu gold nt the option of the
J holder.
Mi-i-clinnl > lnrliu- .
I especially commend to your Immedi
ate attention the encouragement of our
merchant marine by appropriate legis
lation.
The growing Importantc of the orient
ns a Held for American exports drew
from my predoiossor , I'lesldont Mo-
j Klnley. mi urgent request for Its spe
cial consideration by the congress.
The Importance of securing proper
Information and data with a view to
tin1 enlargement of our trade with Awla
Is imdlmlnlshfd. Our consular n pro-
Kciilatlvos In China ha\e Hlrongly
urged a place for permanent display of
American products In some prominent ,
trade center of that empire , under gov
ernment control and management , an
an cll'oclhe means of advancing our
export trade therein. I call the atten
tion of the congress to the desirability
of .carrying out those suggestions.
IiiiinlMritt Inn \nliiriill/nlInn. .
Ill dealing with tin1 questions of Im
' migration and naturalisation It Is In
dispensable to keep certain facts ever
i ; ' before the minds of those who share
in enacting the laws. First and fore
most , let us remember Unit the ques
tion of belli ! ; a good American has
nothing whatever to do with a man's
birthplace nny more than it has to do
with his creed. In eer.uononitlon
from the lime lids government was
founded men of foreign birth have
stood In the very foremost rank of
good citizenship , and that not merely
In one but In every Held of American
activity.
There Is no danger of having too
many Immigrants of the right kind ,
but the cltlxenshlp of this country
should not be debased. It Ix vital that
we should keep high the standard of
well being among our wanoworkers ,
and therefore we should not admit
masses of men whose standards of liv
ing and whose personal customs and
habits nro such that they tend to lower
the level of the American wngov orkor ,
and above all we should not admit any
man of an unworthy typo. Similarly
we should take the greatest care about
naturalisation. Fraudulent nntiirnlizn-
tion , tlie nntiirnlizntlni ) of Improper
persons , N a curse to our government ,
and It Is the affair ot every honest [
voter , wherever born , to see that no
fraudulent voting Is allowed , that no
fraud In connection with naturaliza
tion Is permitted.
! ! Ixliiii of .Vlllllrull/iil Inn I.ntvx.
There should be n comprehensive re
vision of the naturalization laws. The
courts having power to naturalize
should bo definitely mjmotl by national
authority , the testimony upon which !
naturalization may ho conferred should I
be definitely proscribed , publication of
Impending naturalization applications
should be required In advance of their
hearing In court , the form and wordIng -
Ing of all oiytlfiontes Issued should lie
uniform throughout the country , and
the courts should be required to make
returns to tlie secretary of state at
stated periods of all naturalizations
conferred.
Not only arn the laws relating to
naturalization now defective , but those
relating to citizenship of the United
States ought also to be made the sub
ject of scientific Inquiry with a view to
probable further legislation. The pow
er of the government to protect the In-
togrlty of the elections of Its own offi
cials Is Inherent and has been recog-
nlzpd and alllrmed by repeated dee-
larntions of the supreme court. Ther
Is no enemy of free government more
dangerous and none so Insidious as
the corruption of the electorate. I rec
ommend the enactment of a law direct
ed against bribery and corruption In
federal elections.
UclnyM In Crliiiliuil ProK'culloiiH.
No snbjoc t Is hi'Uer worthy the at
tention of iho congress than that portion
tion of tin * report of the attorney gen
eral dealing with the long delays nnd ! l
the great obstruction to justlio experi
enced In the eases of Heaver. " , ( Jreen
and ( Iiiyiior and lipnson. Were these
Isolated and special cases I should not
call your attention to them , but the dif
ficulties encountered IIH H'gnrds these
men who have been indicted for crimi
nal practices are not exceptional. They
nre precisely slmllnr in kind to what
occurs again and ngnin in the cant * of
criminals who have sufficient means to
enable them to take advantage of n
system of procedure which has grown
up In the federal courU and which
amounts In effect to making the Inw
easy of enforcement against the man
who has no money aud dilllcult of en
forcpinonl , OVPII to the point of some
times securing Immunity , as regards
HIP man who has money. At present
the tutoress of the Innocent mini are
amply safeguarded , but the Inioiosls of
Iho government that Is , Iho Interests
of honest administration ; that Is , Iho
Interests of the pfoplo arc not rccog-
nlved ns they should bo.
( The president discusses the progress
of HIP territories of Alaska. Hawaii
mid Porto Itlcn , with rcconimeuilatlunn
for changes Iu the pioM-nt Astern of
govoruinoiil of Hie llrst named , lie de-
hires to see a delegate from Alaska Iu
congress , |
The sio.tlj aim uf ( his nation , as of
nil enlightened nations , should be lo
slrlve to bring ever nearer the dny
when Iheio shall piovall Hnoilnlmut
the world the peace of Justice , but
there ate kinds of pence which tire
highly undesirable , which niv In the
long run us destructive as tiny war.
The goal lit sol hcl'oio us ns n nation ,
thr goal which should bo NO ! bofoio all
mankind , Is the attainment of the
peace of Justice , of UK- peace which
comes when each nation Is not merely
HIII'ogmirdod In Us own rights , but
sciiipuhuisly iccognlzcs ami performs
Its duly toward others , licncrnlly
ponce tells for rightOOIHIICSS , but If
there' Is conilicl between iho two then
our fonll.V Is dlle llrsl In Iho CHUMnl'
righteousness. I'lirlnhlonns wais all1
common and iinriuhtcniis pome Is rare ,
but both should be shunned. The
right of fieedom and ( ho responsibility
for the exorcise of that rluht caiiiml bo
divorced. One of our gienl pools has
well and llnely snld that freedom Is mil
n gift that lurries long In ( he hands of
cowards. Neither does II tarry long III
Iho hands of those ( on slothful , lee dls-
honest or ( on unintelligent In exercise
It. The eternal vigilance which Is HIP
price of liberty must bo exercised
sometimes to guard agnlusi outside
foes , nllhoiigh , of course , far mom of
ten lo guard against our own selfish or
thoughtless shortcomings.
II Is our duly ( n remember Unit a na
tion has no more right to do Injustice
to another nation , Mrmig or weak , limn
an Individual has In do Injustice to nil-
other individual : that the sumo moral
Inw applies In one casr'iis in the other.
Itut we must also remember that It Is
ns much the duty of the nation to
guard its own rights and tin own Inter
ests ns II Is Iho duly of Iho Individual
.so lo do. I'nlII sonic method Is devised
by which then1 shall ho a degree of In
tel national control over offending na
tions It would be a wicked tiling for
the most civilized powers , for those
with most HOIISO of International obli
gations and with keenest ami most gen
erous appreciation of the difference ho
I ween rip hi and wroim. in disarm. If
j the gleal civ ill/.cd nations nf the pres
ent day -ilioiilil completely disarm , Iho
result would mean an Immediate re
crudescence of barbarism In one former
or another. Fnder any circumstances n
mifllclont armament would have to lie
kept up to serve the purposes of Inter
national police , and until International
cohesion nnd the sense of International
duties nnd rights are far more ad
vanced thnn nt pipscnt n nation desir
ous both of securing respect for Itself
i nnd of doing good lo others must hnve
j n force adequate for the work which It
feels is allotted to It as Its part of the
general world duly. Therefore It fol
lows Unit a self respecting , just nnd
fiirsi'plng nation should on the one
hand endeavor by every moans to aid
111 tlli > development of the various
movement ! ) which tend to provide sub
stitutes for war , which loud to lender
nations In their actions toward one mi-
other and Indeed toward their own
: peoples mole icspnnslvo to the general
I sentiment of humane nnd civilize , !
| mankind , and , ( in the other hand , Unit
It should keep piepnrod. while scrilpn-
hmsly avoiding wrongdoing Itself , to
repel any wren and jn exceptional
cases In take action which In n more
advanced stage of International rein-
tlons would come under the bend of
the exercise of the' Intcrimtlnnal police.
.Vl-lillrilllon Trriif l ' .
We nro in every way endeavoring to
help on. with ordinl good will , every
movement uhlch will tend to bring us' '
Into more friendly relations with the |
rest of mankind. In pursuance of this' '
pulley 1 shall shortly lay before the senate - ,
ate treaties of arbitration with all powers - I
ers which are willing to enter Into those
treaties with ns. ll is mil possible at
this period of the world's development
to agree to arbitrate nil matters , but '
Ui rc arc many matters of possible !
difference between us and other na
tions which can lie thus arbitrated. '
Kiirlhermoro , at the request of Hie In- j
Icrparliiimcntnry union , * an eminent1
body composed of practical statesmen i
from nil countries. 1 have asked the
powers to Join with this government
in a second Hague confoionco. at which
It Is hoped that the work already so j
happily begun at The Hague may be |
carried some steps further toward
completion. Tills carries out tlie de
sire expressed by the llrst Hague con
ference itself , |
Policy Tim ii r ( I OClirr .Nut Inn * or
\Vr I e r u 11 in I | ll r r < < .
It is ii"i i'lie that the I'liitcd States
I coin any laud luuigcr or entertains
any projects as regards the other mi- '
lions of the western hemisphere stive j
Hiich as tire for ihcir welfare. All that ,
this country de lres Is to i'0 the neigh-1
boring countries stable , orderly and j
prosperous. Any country \\hoce people ,
conduct themselves well can count upon
our hearty friendship. If a nation
shows that It knows how to net with
reasonable ellicioiicy and decency In so-
< lal and political matter" , if It keeps ;
order and pays its obligations , It nc6d
four no Interference from thtf United
States. Chronic wrongdoing or an im
potence which results in n general IOOK-
cning of the ties of civilized society
may In America , as elsewhere , ulti
mately require Intervention by some
civilized nation , nud in the western i
the adherence of the Uu > t- .
ed SlatoK In the Mnnioo doctrine mny
force the fulled Slates , howovnr r -
Iliclniilly , In flagrant CIISCN of such
\\iiinudoliii : or Impotence , to tin * axm'-
chc of an International police power.
Illulil" \mrrlriui I'llltviiN Vlirond ,
II Is mvossiin roriisllrml.DoliHlHl up *
oil the i Ighls of our own clll/cns abroad
without regard In their deed or race ;
without iccald to whelhrr they w r
born lioio or bom nbrond. It hns
prou'dery dilllcult to noeiini from
HiiHsIn the right fur our .lewhh f llorv
cllly.cn to lecolxo passpmls and travel
through Itiisslnu territory. It It n
Vi long agiilll' * ! uhlchciiteentltlnd to
protest in icfnsc him Ills purport
without tcgiird | o his conduct and chnr-
actor , meicly m racial and itilluloiu
| grounds.
Tinn v.
The sitout : aim of the government
Iu enforcing lespcct for Ms Just rl hti
in International mnileis Is the navy of
the I'lillcd Slales. I most earnestly
recommend that Iheie be no hall In ( lit
work of upbuilding Iho Aineilcaii mivy.
Wo luivo undertaken to build the Isth
mian canal. U'o have ilnderlalcen to
iiccitie for ourselves our Just shxru In
Iho liado of the orient. U'o have mi-
ilcrlnl.cn to protect our citl/.cnx from
Improper irealmenl In foreign llniilH.
\\'o continue sicadll ) to Insist oli-llio
appl'calloii ' of ( lie Monroe doctrine In
the I western heinlspheie. I'u less our
iiliitude i III these and all similar mut
ters Is lo ho n mere boast fill sham w *
caimo i ! afford in abandon our nnvnl
proicriimmo1 | iiur voice Is now potent
for I peace and Is no potent bociitiNc wo
are not afraid of war. lint our prot
estations upon behalf of pence would
neither receive nor deserve Ihu slight-
oil iillention If wo won- Impotent to
miikr them uood.
TinArm ; - .
Within Iho last throe years I ho Unit
ed Sliilos has set an example In ilU-
armament where disarmament wn
proper ll.v law our army Is ll.xtxl nt
n maximum of Ino.iiOO and a minimum
of tiii.iiiKi men. Whim there was Insur
rection In Iho Philippines wo Iopt ; thu
army at the maximum. I'emo cnma In
th ( > Philippines , ami now our army
has been reduced in the minimum at
which it N possible- ) , ) Uecp It with due
regard to Us oillcloncy. U'o should ha
able , In the event of some suddtin
emergency. In put Into the field one
first class army corps , which should bv ,
as n whole , a I least the equal of any
body of troops of llliu inimhor bwlouif-
Ing to any other nation.
( I'real proKi-oHS has boon nniili ) In pro
tecting our consfs by iidoqmitu fortifi
cations wltli siilllclont gtinv. W
should , lion ever , pay much morn huud
than at present to the devclopmunt of
an I'\PIIS\O | | system of floating minus
for use In nil our more Important har
bor" Those mines have been proved
( o be ii most formidable safeguard
against hostile Heels.
Till' l'llllllllll | N ,
| In the Philippine Inlands thnre linn
! been during Iho past year a continua
tion of the steady progress which ban
obtained ever since our troops definite
ly got the upper hand of Iho Inmir-
gents. The 1'hlllpplno people , or , to
speak more accurately , the many
tribes and oven races sundered from
one another more or less sharply who
go lo make up the people of the Philip
pine Islands , contain many elrnnonts
of good , nnd some elements which wo
have n right to hope stand fur prog
ress. At present they nre Utterly In
capable of existing In Independence nt
all or of building up n civilization of
tholr own. I firmly believe Hint ww
can help thojn In rise higher nud high
| er In the scale of civilization and of
, capacity fur self government , nnd I
i most onriM ily hope that In Iho pud
they will be iiblc in stand. If n-it entirely
j
' tirely nl'ine.ot , In some such relation
| to Iho Fnilcil Slates as Cuba now
' stands. This ( > nd Is not yet In sight ,
and It may be Indollnltoly postponed
If our people nro foolish euoiii'h to turn
i the nt font inn of the Filipinos away
' from the problems of nchlev lim moral
nnd material prosperity , of working
for n stnlde , orderly and Just government
I
ment , nnd toward foolish and danger
| ous Intrigues for n complete Independ
! ence for which they nro ns yet totnlly
unlit.
On Iho other liiind. our people must
keep steadily before their minds the
fact that the justification for our stay
In the Philippines must ultimately rest
chiolly upon the good wo nro able to
do In the Islands. | do not overlook
the fact that In the development of our
Interests in the Pacific ocean and
nlong Its coasts the Philippines hnve
played nnd will play an Important part
nnd that our Interests have been serv
ed Iu more than ono way by the pos
session of the Islands. Itut our chief
reason for continuing to hold them
must be that wo ought In good faith
to try to do our share of the world's
work , nud this particular piece of work
bus boon Imposed upon us by the re
sults of the war with Spain. Wo are
endeavoring to develop the natives
themselves so that they shall take an
over Increasing share In their own gov
eminent , nnd. ns far ns is prudent , we
nro already admitting their roptv < ioiitn-
fives to a jrovonimoiitnl equality with
our own There are cnmmUslonors.
judges nnd jjov 'rnurw In the Islands
who nro Filipinos nnd who hnve exact
ly Hie slime sbnro In the government
of the islands ns have their eollengues
who nre Amorlcnns , while In the lower
ranks , of course , the grent majority of
the public servants are Filipinos ,
Within two years wo shall bo trying
HIP experiment of an elective lower
house in the Philippine legislature. If
the Filipinos act witli wisdom nnd self
restraint , if they show that they are
capable of electing a legislature which
In Us i urn Is capable of taking n sane
and efficient part in the actual work of
government , they can rent assured that
n full and increasing rncnuure of rec
ognition will be given them.
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News office , number 22.