ir
be
riv
THE ANNUAL MESSAGE
President McKinloys Communi
cation to Our National
Lawmakers
REVIEW OF TROUBLE IN CEINA
What the Administration Has Been
Doing to Straighten Matters
Out Again
GRATIFYING SURrLUS REVENUES
Congress ltcooininenrtcrt to llctluco
Inteinnl Itcvunuo Taxes
IuIi h in tliu Philippine
This Army
To the Scnnte nnil House of
taUveb
At the outgoing of the old and the
Incoming of the new century you beg n
the Inst session of the Fifty sixth con
gress with evidences on every hnnd of
Individual and national prosperity and
with proof of the growing strength and
lncrenslng power for good of republic
an Institutions Your countrymen will
Join with you In felicitation that Amer
ican lihetty Is more firmly established
than ever before and that love for It
and the determination to preserve It
are more universal than at uny former
period of our history
The republic was never so strong be
cause never so strongly Intrenched In
the hearts of the people as now The
constitution with few amendments ex
ists as It left the hands of Its authors
The additions which have been made to
It proclaim larger ficedom and moie
extended citizenship Popular govern
ment hns demonstrated In Its 124 years
of trial here its stability and security
and Its efficiency as the best Instiument
of national development and the best
Eafeguard to human rights
When the sixth congress nssembled
in November 1SC0 the population of
the United States wns 630S4S3 It Is
now 70304709 Then we hnd sixteen
states Now we have forty five Then
our territory consisted of 909050 sqtiu e
miles It Is now 3S4GSflu square mbes
Education religion and morality have
kept pace with our advancement In oth
er directions and while extending Its
power the government has adhered to
Its foundation principles and abated
none of them In dealing with cur new
peoples nnd possessions nntlon so
preserved and blessed gives reverent
thanks to God and invokeds His guid
ance and the continuation of His care
and favor
In our foreign Intercourse the domi
nant question has been the treatment
of the Chinese problem Apart from
this our relations with the foreign pow
ers have been happy
The recent troubles In China srrlng
from the anti foreign agitation which
for the past three years has gained
strength in the northern provinces
Their origin lies deep In the character
of the Chinese races and In the tradi
tions of their government The Talp
ing rebellion and the opening of Chi
nese ports to foreign trade and sette
ment disturbed alike the homogeneity
and the seclusion of China
Meanwhile foreign activity made It
self felt in all quarters not alone on
the const but along the great river ar
teries and In the remoter districts car
rying new Ideas and Introducing new
associations nmong n primitive people
which had pursued for centuries a na
tional policy of Isolation
PIlOlOSALS TO THE IOWKRS
8criounes of tho Sltuntloii in China Ap
preciated
The increasing gravity of the condi
tions In China and the imminence of
to our own diversified Interests
fieril
n the empire as well as to those of all
the other treaty gpvernments were
Boon appreciated by this government
causing It profound solicitude The
United States from the earliest days of
foreign intercourse with China had fol
lowed a policy of peace omitting no oc
casions to testify good will to further
the extension of lawful trade to respect
the sovereignty of its government and
to Insure by all legitimate and kindly
but earnest means the fullest measure
of protection for the lives and property
of our law abiding citizens and for the
exercise of their beneficent callings
among the Chinese people
Mindful of this it was felt to be ap
propriate that our purposes should be
pronounced in favor of such course as
would hasten united action of the pow
ers at Pekin to promote the administra
tive reforms so greatly needed for
strengthening the Imperial government
and maintaining the Integrity of China
In which we believe the whole western
world to be alike concerned To these
ends I caused to be addressed to the sev
eral powers occupying territory and
maintaining spheres of Influence in
China the circular proposals of 1899
Inviting from them declarations of their
Intentions and views as to the desira
bility of the adoption of measures in
suring the benefits of equality of treat
ment of all foreign trade throughout
China
With gratifying unanimity the re
sponses coincided in this common pol
icy enabling me to see in the successful
termination of these negotiations proof
of the friendly spirit which animates
the various powers Interested in the
untrammeled development of commerce
and industry in the Chinese empire as
a source of vast benefit to the whole
commercial world
In this conclusion which I had the
gratification to announce as a complet
ed engagement to the interested powers
on March 20 1900 I hopefully discerned
a potential factor for the abatement of
the distrust of foreign purposes which
for a year past had appeared to in
spire the policy of the Imperial gov
ernment in the northern provinces
most Immediately influenced by the
Manehu sentiment
Seeking to testify confidence in the
willingness and stability of the impe
rial administration to redrew the wrongs
and prevent the evils we suffered nnd
feared the marine guard which had
been sent to Pekin in the summer of
1899 for the protection of the legation
was withdrawn at the earliest practica
ble moment and all pending questions
were remitted as far as we were con
cerned to the ordinary resorts of dip
lomatic intercourse
fKINGK TUAN THE LFADEK
Antl Foreign Infliiriicei Hold 8ny Under
Hii 1ower
The Chinese government proved how
rver unable to check the rising
strength of the Boxers nnd appeared
to be a prey to internal dissensions
In the unequal contest the anti foreign
influences boon gained the ascendancy
under the leadership of Prince Tuan
Organized armies of Boxers with
which the imperial forces affiliated
held the country between Pekin nnd
the coast penetrated into Manchuria
up to the Russian border end through
their emissaries threatened a like rising
throughout nort vrn China
Attacks upon foreigners destruction
ef their property and slaughter of na
tive converts were reported from oil
-v r
IiiIch The already
pormonted with lc stile sytnt nthles
could make no effective response to the
upienls of the legations At this crit
ical Junctute In the enr y spring if
this year a proposal was made by the
other poweis that n eomblnid fleet
should be assembled In Chinese wntcis
as a moi nl demonstration under cover
of which to exact of the Chinese gov
ernment lespect for fotelgn treaty
rights and the suppression of the Hox
ers
The United States while not ynrtlcl
patlng In the Joint demonstration
promptly sent from the Philippines nil
ships that could be spnied for service
on the Chinese const A small fotre
f marines were landed at Taku and
sent to Pekin for the protection of Mi
Amerlcnn legation Other powers took
similar action until some 400 men were
ospembled In the capital as legation
guards
The president here tolls of the siege
of the legations at Pekin the Inndlng
of troops nnd the tescue of the foreign
mlnlstets
Taking as a point of departure the
Imperial edict appointing Karl LI Hung
Chang nnd Prince Chlng plenipotentiar
ies to arrange n settlement and the
edict of Sept 21 whereby certain high
otllclnls wor deslgnnted for punish
ment this government hns moved In
Conger assisted by Mr Itnekhlll hns
been authorized lo conduct on behalf
of the United States
General buses of negotiation forniu
lnted by the government of the French
rnniihllr hnvn been accented with
ress of the negotiation The disposi
tion of the empeiors government to
ndmlt liability for wrongs dt ne to for
eign governments and their nationals
nnd to net upon such additional desig
nation of the guilty persons ns the for
tlgn ministers nt Pekin tuny be In n po
sition to make gives hope of a complete
settlement of all questions Involved as
suring foreign rights of residence nnd
Intercourse on terms of equality fr nil
the world
I regard ns one of the essential fac
tors of n dllinble adjustment the m
curement of ndequnte guarantees for
liberty of faith since Insecurity of
those natives who mny embrace alien
creeds is a scarcely less pfTeetunl as
sault upon the rights of foreign wor
ship nnd teaching thnn would be the di
rect lnvnslnn thereof
The matter of Indemnity for our
wronged citizens Is a question of grave
concern Measured In money nlone a
sufficient rennrntion mny prove to be
bevond the ability of China to meet
All the powers concur In emphatic d s
clolmers of any purpose of aggrandize
ment through dismemberment of the
foreign rights
mrc Imnnrlnnt of nil bv the opening
of China to the equal commerce of pll
the world These views nave bepn nnd
will be enrnestly ndvocated by our rep
resentntlves
The government of Pussln hns put
forward a suggestion that In the event
of protracted divergence of views In
regnrd to Indemnities the matter may
be relegnted to the court of arbitration
at The Hacne I favorably Inrlne to
this believing thnt high tribunal could
tint fnll to reach a solution ro less
conducive to the stability and enlarged
be awaited
I commend to the enrly nttentlon of
the fenate the convention with Great
Britain to facilltnte the constructs n i f
such n canal and to remove any objec
tion which might arise out of the con
vention commonly culled the Clayton-
Huiwer trenty
Portugal growing out of the seizure of
the Delagoa liny railway hns been n
Inst determined by a favorable awar
nrliltrntliVn rVVn
of the tribunal or
to which it was su
of the award which was deposited 1
London awaiting arrangements by tl
governments of the United States and
Great Britain for Its disposal has re
cently been paid over to the two gov
ernments
SPAIN AND UNITKD BlATKS
Irogreia Toward Treaty oraeiirral Friend
flip and Intercuurip
Satisfactory progress has been made
toward the conclusion of a general
treaty of friendship and intercourse
with Spain In replacement of the old
treaty which pnsted Into abeyance by
reason of the late war A new conven
tion of extradition is approaching com
pletion and 1 should be much pleased
were a commercial arrangement to fol
low I feel that we should not suffer to
pass any opportunity to reaffirm the
cordial ties that existed between us and
Spain from the time of our earliest In
dependence and to enhance the mutual
benefits of that commercial Intercousn
wnicn is naiurni oetween me two coun
tries
By the terms of the treaty of peace
the line bounding the ceded Philippine
group in the southwest railed to In
THE NORFOLK NEWS KU11UY DISCRMBKK 7 MKK
In consideration of this eePon the
United States Is to ny to Ham the
mm of icoroo
nOMtUClH IAI UKlATIONS
Countrli wllli Whloti Sirrlnl Agrrenirtitn
lln Hem Irurliiliueil
Since my last communication to thn
congress on this subject special com
mercial agreements under the third
section of the tariff act have been pio
clalmed with Portugal with Italy ami
Oernuiny Commercial conventions
under the general limitations of the
fourth section of the mine act have
been concluded with Nlcutngun with
Ilcniidnr with the Dominican republic
with Iroiit Hrltnln on behalf of the
Island of Tilnldad and with Denmark
on behalf of the Island of St Croix
These will be early coiiiinutilcntod to
the senate Negotiations with other
governments nie In progn for the
Improvement and secuilty of our com
mercial relations
I The policy of reciprocity so manifest
ly rests upon the principles of Inlcrnn
ttouril equity and hns been so repeated
ly approved by the people of the Unit
ed States that there ought to bo no
hesitation In either branch of the con
gtoss In giving to It full effect
TMa ifnvnriimntit ilenlres tn tiroscrVO
concert with the other powers toward H most Just and amtcnble commercial
the opening or negotiations wuioii air relations with all foreign countries un
moved by the Industrial rivalries neces
sarily developed In the expansion of
Internntloiiol trade It Is believed that
the foreign governments generally en
tertnln the snme purpose although In
some Instances there nie clamorous
tnln reservations ns to details made j nijutds upon them for legislation
nceessnry ny our own circuiimumii M mlly hostile to American interests
but like similar resorvntlt ns by other J5ii0ilcl these demands prevail 1 shall
iinwcrs mien to discission 111 the prog
pmnlrp T nm dlsnosed to think thnt nus venr
V
communicate with the congress with
the view of advising such legislation as
may be necessary to meet the emer
gency
NATIONAL FINANCI
Inrgo BnrpliiM lletiiiur for I tin Fli nl
Yi nr Uniting i mm io moo
It Is gratifying to be nble to state
that the surplus revenues for the fiscal
jonr ended lune 30 1900 were 79
rrJ70fi0lS For the six preceding
years we had only deficits the ag
gregate of which from 1SM to 18U9 In
clusive amounted to 283022991 14 Tho
receipts for the year from all sources
exclusive of postal ieeiiiS aggregated
1072 Wsril 89 and oxpendltuios for nil
purposes except for the administration
of the postnl department aggregated
18771379171 The receipts from cus
toms were J2331C1871 10 an Inereae
over the preceding year of 270303S941
The leeeipts from Internal revenue were
J29i32792G7fi nn Increase of 21S90
7im2R over 1S99 The receipts from
riilliiiinnllu ciiurnim lliipn XI1S7 IS0i397
ns against 3639497692 for tile
due comnensntlon mny be mndc In part I n s irrntlfvlnir to note that during
bv Increased guarantees of security for inp rear n considerable reduction Is
and Immunities nn
shown in the expenditures of the gov
ernment The war department ex
penditures for the fiscal year 1900 were
134 77476778 a reduction of 9r0G0
4SGG9 over thoFe of 1899 In the nnvy
department the expenditures were trr
91307772 fo the year 1900 ns against
6394210425 for the preceding year a
decrease or 798902663 In the ex
penditures in account of Indians there
was a decrease In 1900 over 1899 of 2
G306043S nnd in the civil and miscel
laneous exi for 1900 there was a
reduction - f J1341S0C574
It will 1 the duty ns I nm sure it
nrosneritv of China itself thnn m h iinnsitinii nf thn oontrress
nteiv beneficial to the powers to roviiP whatever further
fThe president here teIs or our i tIon ncen ei t0 insure the continued
tlnns with other foreign countries
which nre very friendly Ue devotes
considerable space to our exhibit nt the
Paris exposition the Famoan settle
ment boundnrv ouesllnns and other
matters in which the United States Is
Interested with other countries
TIIK NICAKACUA CANAL
Overtnr for n rticritlon to KlTect Itn
Hi tiding liy the United Mnlen
The all Importnnt matter of an Inter
oceanlc canal hap assumed a new phase
Adhering to Its refusal to reopen the
question of the forfeiture of the con
tract of the Maritime Canal company
which was terminated for alleged non
execution In October 1899 the govern
ment of Nicaragua hns since supple-
the building of a cannl under the aus
parity under nil conditions between our
two forms of metallic money silver nnd
gold
FINANCIAL ACT OF lOOO
Ita KITeot n to Motllflrntlon of National
Itnnldng Ait I Apiurent
The beneficial effect of the financial
act of 1900 bo for as It relates to the
modification ot the national banking
act is already apparent The provision
for the Incorpointion of national banks
with n capital of not Icbs thnn 50C0 in
plnces not exceeding 3000 inhabitant
has resulted In the extension of bank
ing facilities to many small commun
ities hitherto unable to provide them
selves with banking institutions under
the nniionii sysiein i nere were or-
merited that action uy aecianng so- anlze3 fr0m the enactment of the law
styled Eyre Cramln option void for nnd rriudlng Nov 30 3C9
of he stipulated advance anUs of whlcn ZG6 wei with lc
Protests in relations to these acts have nta e hln jno000 and 103 with ea pi
been filed in the state department and tlanof 5000o or more
are under consideration Deeming It- lat woy of mention thnt the
self relieved from existing engage- of banks
creater nuil er being organ
ments the Nicaraguan government PJf
under he new in ware n sections
shows a dlspos ton to deal freely with h he Vci d of banking faclltfc SaS
the canal question either in the way of
t nronounwd Iowa stands
hPpn mo
negotiations with the United States or n iV thirty bankB of ih smaller
by taking measures to promote the 5 t nS nkinlLn W
terway
Overtures for a convention to effect
Territory and the middle and western
sections of the country have also
availed themselves largely or the
pices oi wie uiiueu niuies are unoer
iippp under the new law
lieges unutr me iie ia
In thp mnnnllmo tho
views of the congress upon the general
A large Increase In nntlonnl bank
note circulation has resulted from th
onlv 90 per ent thereof ns heretofore
The Increnso in circulating notes fiorn
March 14 to Nov 30 Is 77889570
The party in power Is committed to
such legislation as will better make the
currency re ponsive to the vorylng
needs or business nt nil sensons and In
nil sections
IllJV81 nlei0wUJl I Our trnde shows n rerrnrkn
Die record o commercial and Induhtrlnl
progress The total of Imports and ex
lor tne nrst lime in the Mi
P0rtS
bmltted ThS tory of he countrv exceeded 2 000000
i n amoimt 000 The or orts are grenter than thy
OUIl MEKCIIANT MARINE
have ever een before the total for
the fiscal nr 1900 being 139448308
nn Increase over 1899 of 1G7 457S0 on
Increase 1898 of 163 000752 over
1897 of 343489520 ar J grenter than 1S9G
by 511876144
I recommend that congress at Its
present sesski reduce the Internal rev
enue taxes I posd to meet the expenses
of the war with Spain In the sum o
30000000 This reduction should he
secured by the remission of those taxes
which experience hns shown to be the
most burdensome to the industries of
the people
I specially urge that there be in
cluded In whatever reduction Is mnde
the legacy tax bequests for public used
of a llteror educational or charitable
character
American VeMelu Carry 0 Fer Cent of
Our KxpurU anil Import
American vessels during the past
three years have carried about 9 per
cent of our exports and imports For
eign ships snould carry the leaBt not
the greatest part of American trade
elude several small Islands lying west I Tne growth of our t teel In
of the Sulus which have always been dU6tret tn nroF res of t hlphuildlng
rprnc nlzeil as under Knnn sli cnntrnl u hmuc uiiu uui
The occupation of Slbutu and Cagaynn
Sum by our naval torces elicited a
claim on the part of Spain the essen
tial equity of which could not be galn
ald In order to cure the defect of the
Ireaty by removing all possible ground
of future misunderstanding respecting
the Interpretation of its third article
I directed the negotiation of a supple
mentary treaty which will be forth
with laid berore the senate whereby
Spain quits all title and claim or title
to the Islands named as well as to any
and all Islards belonging to the Philip
pine archipelago lying outside the lines
described in i uid third article and
agrees thnt all such Islands shall be
comprehended In the cetslon or the
ily mnintaJied expenditures ror the
navy hnve created nn opportunity to
place the United States in the fliht
rank of commercial maritime powers
Besides r nlizlng a proper national
aspiration this will mean the estublls
ment and healthy growth nlong nil our
coasts of n distinctive national indus
try expanding the field ror profitable
employment or labor and capital
will increase the transportation facili
ties and reduce freight charges on tlu
vast volume or products brought fror
the Interior to the seaboard for export
and will strengthen an arm of the na
tional defense upon which the founder
at the government and their succefcsors
hnve relied In again urging Immedl
archipelago as fully uf if they hnd been 1 otp oon hy the congress on tnentures
expressly Included within these lines 0 Promote American snipping and
elgn trade 1 direct uttcntlon to the
reveirnrneudatlens on tho suljrct In
ptolotis nusMiges nrd pnrth utility lo
the opinion rprefed In tie message or
1S99
1 nm sntlsfied the ludgminl or the
country fnvots the policy of aid lo our
inerchniit mnilne whlili will biinden
our coinmeue find rnaikets nnd up
build our scnrim vlug capacity for tho
products of nKilcultuie and manufact
ure which with the Inerenfe of our
nnvy menu moie woik and wages to
our countrymen ns well ns a saf gunrd
to Airier lean Inteiests III evety putt of
the wot Id
The attention of congress Is Invited
to the recommendation of the seiretary
f the treoMiry In bis nnniinl tepoit
for legislation In behalf of the revenue
service and favorable action Is uiged
tiii imistiiin or thuht4
Itirty Ilinxr lit It Nlioulil III tnroriilly
Mnilltiil liy ilium
In my last annual message to tho
eongtc s I called attention to the neces
sity ror early action to temedy such
evils as might be found to exist In run
ueitlon with combination of capital
organized Into trusts and again Invito
attention to my discission of the sub
Jed at thnt time wlilth concluded with
these wolds
II Is apparent thnt unlfoi mlty of
legislation upon this subject In the sev
eral stales Is much to be ilrshed It In
to be hoped that such unlfotinlty
founded In n wise and Just discrimina
tion between what Ih Injurious and
what Is useful and nercssniy In busi
ness opeintleins may be obtained anel
thnt menus may be feiiind ror the iiui
giess within the llniltatlettis or Its con
stitutional power so to supplement an
effective ceiile or state legislation ns
to make a complete system or laws
throughout the United States ndequnte
to compel n general eibse rvanie nf tho
snlutaiv rules to which I have te
ferrid
The whole question Is so Important
and rnr icnehlng that 1 am suit tin
pnrt or It will be lightly eonsldiied
but eveiv phase or It will hnve the
Studied dellbeiatiori of the oniigtoHS
resulting In wise and Judicious action
Itestinlnt upon such combinations nn
are Injurious nnd whlih nie within
fedetnl Jurlt diction should be promp1
applied by the congress
A1IAIHS IN THIS Ill I II IlINICH
Our Ioiii SiiriHliilly Cnntrnl tut Orent
it Purl ill 111 Inliiiiitn
In my Inst annual message 1 dwelt nt
some length upon the condition er nr
falis In the Phllli pines While seek
ing tei Impiss upon yeiu that the giave
responsibility of the fulliie govern-
ment oT thuso Islands lesls with the
congiess ol the United Stales 1 ab
staiuud from lecoiiunendlng at that
i time a specific and final loim ot gov
ernment reir the territory actunlly luM
by the United States forces and In
which ns long ns insurrection voniin
I lies the military arm must iicccsrnill
be supreme I stated my puipuse un
til the congress shull hnve mnde knowr
the formul expression of Its will to use
the uuthoilty vested In me by the con
stitution nnd the stntutes to uphold the
sovereignty of the United States In
thoie distant Islands as In all either
places where emr flog rightfully float
placing to thnt end at the disposal of
the army and navy all the means
which the iibetnllty or the cougiess
and the people have provided No con
I trnry expression or the will or the con-
gress having been made I have Mcnel
rastly pursued the purpose so declared
employing the civil aim as well toward
the accomplishment of paeillcnt on and
the Institution eif local governments
i within the li ies or authority nnd law
Progress In the hoped Tor illiecilon
has been favorable Our forces have
I successfully controlled the gieater pert
eif the Islands overcoming the eirgnn
I lzed rorces or the Insurgents nnd enr
I rying order nnd administrative regular
j lty to all quartets What opposition
remnlns is for the most pnrt scattered
obeying no concerted plnn or strategic
action operating only by the inethudb
common to the traditions or guerrilla
the commission appointed to examine Kl bankVto sVuoclrcufinSnou
the comparative merits of the various J0 Knw
or the Un tort suhcp
I0 LiJV A J i
trans isthmian ship canal pioects may
I1I1I1UB tlClnr icm n - umi HiriCilll 111
wnrrnre wnicn wnue inerieenvc io ni
ter the general control now established
are still bulllclent to beget Insecurity
among the populations thnt hnve fl t
the good results or our control nnd
thus delny the conferment upon them
of the fuller mensurcs of Iocnl self-government
or educntlon nnd or Industrial
and agrlculturnl development which we
stnnd rendy to give them
By the sfing or this year the effec
tive opposition of the dl iitlsflcd Tn
gnls to the authority of the United
States was virtually ended thus open
ing the door for tits extension of n sta
the ndminlstrntton over much of the
territory of the archipelago Desiring
to bring this about I appointed In
March Inst a civil commission com
posed of the Hon Wllllnm H Tnrt of
Ohio Professor Dean C Worcester of
Michigan the Hon Luke E Wright of
Tennessee the Hon Henry C Ide o
Vermont and Professor Betnnrd Moses
of California The alms of their mis
sion nnd the scope or their authority
are clearly set forth Jh my Instructions
of April 7 1100 ndelressed to the sec
retory of war to be transmitted to
them
The president then quotes what he
snld in regard to the Philippines and
the duties f the commission In Ms mes
sage to congress orjlecember 1899
FKOCIAMATION OF AMNFSTV
It Win Tnkfii Ailinntagn of by Mnny of
tliii I ii urgent
Colncldentally with the entrnnce of
the commission upon its labors I caused
to be Issued by General MucArthur
the military governor of the Philip
pines on June 21 1900 a proclamation
of amnesty In generous terms of which
many of the Insurgents took advantage
among them a number of important
leaders
This commission composed of eml
net citizens representing the diverse
geographical and political Interests of
the country and bringing to their task
the ripe fruits of long and Intelligent
service in educational administrative
and Judicial careers made great prog
ress from the outset A6 early as Aug
21 1900 It submitted a preliminary re
port which will be laid before the con
gress nnd from which It appear that
already the good effects or returning
order are fet that business Interrupt
ed by hostilities in improving as peace
extends thut u larger area Is under
sugar cultivation than ever before
that the customs revenues are greater
than nt any time during the HpanlBh
rule that economy nnd ifllcleney in the
military administration have created a
surplus fund of 6000000 available for
needed public Improvements that a
stringent chll service luw Is In prepar
ation that railroad communications
are expanding opening up rich dlr
trlcts and that a comprehensive
scheme of educntlon Is being organized
Later reports from the commission
show yet more encouraging advance to
ward Insuring the benefits of llbert
and good government to the Filipinos
In the Intel est of humanity nnd with
the aim of building up an enduring
self supporting and self ndmlnlsterlng
community in those far eahtein sens
I would impress upon the congress that
whatever legislation may be enaeed In
respect to the Philippine Islands should
be along these generous lines The1 fort
une of war has thrown upon this ra
tion an unsought trust whlih should be
unselfishly dlsehniKcu and devolved
upon this government a moral ns well
os material responsibility toward these
millions whom we have freed from at
oppressive yoke
I have upon another eccoplon cnlled
the Filipinos the wards of the nation
fn T
Ilghtlv assumed It muni rot be other
wise than honetly full le 1 Mining
first of all to bfiitllt those who have
feme under our fosterlig onto It ih
our dutv so to Itent them that our ling
ninv be nn less beloved In the mouii
tnlns of Luzon and the fertile rones ef
Mliidntiiio nnil Nokios than II In at
home that theie an here It thai be the
revered symbol of liberty enllghliii
nien and pi gloss In evety avenue of
development
The KlIlplnoH me a raee quirk to
learn and to ptollt by knowiedi Ho
would be raeh who with the teneiilngs
would fix a limit to the degree of cul
tuti nnil advancement yei within the
leiwh of those people If out duly to
t ii til them be falthrully peifoimeil
CITIIA AMI IOltTO KltO
Mlin t Hie rrrilelfiil Mm CiiiiiTiiilnir Till
I mi Ikliiiiiln
The civil gmiimuitit or Potto ttlco
ptovldcd Toi by the net or the Ioliglcss
nppioved April 12 1900 Is In i
fill epilation The coin Is have been
established The governor nnd bis ns
Hot liitci winking Intelligently and har
moniously an- meeting with eoiucnilii
ble success On the tllh or November
n ueuiMiil election wan held In the Isl
nnil ror members or the legislature and
tho biidv Ilerteil bus heem called to con
vene on the III Hi Monday nT lleeemlier
1 recommend that lcglslutHi be en j
neiru ny tne eongiess iiiuieiniiK uimn
the si critarv nf the Intel lor supervis
ion ovir the public lands In Porto
ltleo anil that he be dliecteel to ascer
tain the location ami quantity of lanils
the title to which remained In the
crown of Spain at the date of eesilon
of Porto ltleo to the United States ami
that appioprlatloun noocMinry fer
be made and Unit the methods
of the disposition of sich lauds be pn
serlbed by law
On the 5th of Inly 1900 1 dlieeteil
that a call bo Issued ror an idee tlon In
Cuba ror members of a eonslltulloiiiil
convention lo ftaiiii a constitution as
n basis ror a stable and Inilepe neb M
government In the Island
1 renew the recoinineiidiitloii miiile In
my speeial message of lVb 10 1899
as to the necessity for en ble eeiriimunl
entlon betwien the United States nnd
Iluwnll with extension to Manila Slnee
then tlrcuiiintniiccH have strikingly em
pbasled his need Surveys have shown
the entile fiiislblllty or a chain nl ena
bles which at each stopping place shall
touch on American territory se that
the system shall be under our own
control Manila once within
riiu h eouneetlon with the sys
tems or the Asiatic ceinst wolllel open
Increnseel and ptotltable opportunities
ror a moie direct cable route rrom our
shores tei the Orient than Is now iiT
forded by the trans Atlantic contl
neiilnl and trans Asian lines I tiri
attention to this Important matter
NATIONAL IMIFKNNIM
Striiigtli of tliii Army Million lor Iorl
nnil iiin
The present hi length or the army li
100000 men cri000 regulars and uriooo
volunteers Under the act or Mareii
a 1899 on the 30th or June next the
present volunteer rorce will be dii -charged
and the tegular nimy will be
redueeel tei 2117 eitllcers and 2902K en
listed men
In 1888 a board or officers convened by
Preslelenl Oveland adopted a compre
hensive scheme or coast derense roitl
llactloriH which Involved the outlay of
something over 100000000 This plan
tecelveel the approval of the eoiiKiess
unel since them regular oppropi lotions
hnve been made unci the work of forti
fication hns stendlly piogrcbscd More
than JC000O000 hnve been Invested In
a great number of fortk and guns with
all the complicated and sciiiitlflc ma
ehlnery nnd electrical appliances neces
sary tor their use The pioper elire
of this defensive mnuhlnery requires
men trained in Its use The number eif
men necessary to perforin this duty
nione Ih ascertained liy the war depart
ment at a minimum allowance tei be
18420 Theie are fifty eight or mtire
military posts In the United States oth
er than the const defence fort mentions
The number or these posts Is being
constantly Increased by the congress
More than 22000000 hnve been expend
ed In building and equipment nnd
they can only fie enred for by the regu
lar army The posts now In existence
nnd others to be built provide- for ac
commodations for nnd if fully gar
risoned require 20000 troops Many
of these posts are along our frontier
or at Important strategic points the
occupation of which Is necessary
We buve In Cuba between t000 and 6
000 troops For the present Our troops
In that Islanel cannot be withelrawn or
materially diminished and certainly
not until the conclusion of the labors
or the constitutional convention now
in session and n government provided
by the new constitution shnll hnve been
established and Its stability assured
In Porto ltleo we have reduced the
garrisons to lG3fl which Include 896 nn
tive troops There Is no rensein ror
further reduction here We will be re
quired to keep n ronsMrnbe force In
the Philippine Islands for snme time
to come From the best Inormntion
obtnlnnble we shall need there for the
immediate future from BOOOO to 60 000
men I am sure the number may be re
duced as the Insurgents shnll come to
ncknnwledge the authority eif the Unit
ed Stntes of which there nre assuring
lndlcntlons
It must b nppnrent that we will re
quire nn nrmy or about 60000 nnd that
during present conditions In Cuba and
the Philippines the president should
have authority tei Increase the rorce to
the present number or 100000 In
cluded In this number authority should
be given to raise native troops In the
Philippines up to ir000 which the Tifrt
commission believe will be more eN
fectlve In detecting and suppressing
guerrillas asenslnations and ladrones
than our own soldiers The full dis
cussion or this subject by the secretary
of war In his annual report Is called
to your earnest attention
OKOWTH OF POSTAL SKIIVICK
Kxtenalon of It urn I Free Delivery In
rrain of lie Navy
The continued and rapid growth of
postal service is a sure Index of the
great and Increuslng busIne Es activity
of the country Its most striking new
development Is the extension of rural
free delivery This has come almost
wholly within the Inst yeur At the
beginning of the fiscal year 1899 1900 the
number of routes In operation wa only
391 and most of these had been run
ning less than twelve months On the
16th ot November 1900 the number had
increased to 2614 reaching into rorty
rour states nnd territories and rervlng
a population ot 1801624 The number
of applications now pending and await
ing action nearly equnls all those
granted up to the present time and
by the close of the current flseal yenr
about 4000 routes will have leen estab
ilshed providing ror the dolly delivery
it malls at the scattered homes of
Ibout 3000 of rural popuution
This service ameliorates the isolation
of farm lift conduces to good roods
and quickens and extends thedlssemlna
tlon or general Information Experience
thus far hnr tended to nllay the ap
prehension that It would be so ex
pensive ns to forbid Its general adop
tion or make It a Herlous but den Its
actual applUatlon has shown that It
increasis postal leeeipts nnd can be
accompanied by reductions In other
branches ot the service so tl at the
augmented revenues and the accom
plished savings together materially re
duce th net cost The evidences wtkh
3
point to these coneliislnnn nre present
ed In detnll In the annual report of tho
poHlmiiHti r ge in i ill which with Its rec
ommendations Is teommeutlcd to llm
OiinlilMntlou of the eongress Tho full
development of thin rjuclal service
howiver lequltes such an outlay of
money thnt It should be undet taken
only after n iiteful study nnil thor
ough titideislnudli g of all that It lti
volven
Vety eflleicht service has been ren
deied by the navy In connei tloit with
the Insurrection In Hie Philippines and
the reeetil dlsttirhnuet In China
A very satlsfaeloty not t lenient hns
been made of the lollg petullllg qtienllou
nf llie miintifai litre of artiu r plate A
leiisoiiabli it lei has been neetlieil nnd
the nceisslty for a government nr trior
fil ii li I avoided
I nppiove or the reeomendntlon of tile
rictetnry of Mm navy for new vesseln
Mill for ntldltlemal ollliits Mill men
which the teqtllrid lntteae of the navy
makes nee Iscary 1 eominiiid to tho
fiivotabli action of the congress tho
inenstiie now peiulltig for the erection
of a Hlntiie to llie memory of Mm late
Admit nl Uovld D Porter 1 comtneuil
also the establishment or a notional na
val and or the grade of vice ad
miral Provision should bo made nn
leeomniitided by the seereiaty fot suit
able1 tew in its ror spcilol merit Many
ollleets who tendered the most ellntln
gutshid seivlee ilurlng the icceiit wnr
with Spain have leeelveel In trturu no
teiiieultlon rrom llm congress
The total area or public lanils ni
given bv the secretory or the Interior
is approximately 1071881662 acres of
which 917 9fi 881 aeies are undisposed
of and iri474ri782 nrren hnve been re
served for vntleuin pin poses The pub
lie Innils disposed or timing the year
iiiiiount to ll4r38S790 acres Including
6242309 notes or Indian lni ils an In
crease or 4 271474 81 over the pfeeedltlK
year The total leceipls rrom the min
or public lanils during the fiscal yenr
were 1379 7HK 10 an Ineiense or 130
621 71 ovnt the pHcedlng year
ilie results obtained from our fotost
policy have iletnonstrated Its wisdom
nnd Mie neiesiilty In the Intetest of tint
public for Ils fiuitltmiiiicc ami tnereaneil
nppraplaMoiin by the eongress for Mm
carrying on eif the work On June 30
1900 then- were thirty seven forest re
serves eieiled by nresldeut lal pun Initi
ations under section 21 of thn net of
March 3 891 cmbruiihg an nivn oC
4n4iiriri29 acres
Dining the posl year the niymplor
reserve In llm state- nf Wiishlngon
wns reduced 2611110 aeies leaving ltd
pruniit aiea nt 1 921810 iiitiS Tho
Present reserve In Arizona wns In
creased rioni 10 210 iiitiS to 123680
ae res nnd the Illg Horn reserve In
Wjntnlng was Ineretiseil fleiin 1127 690
acres to 11KI800 nens A new reserve
the Fnntn Ynez In California emliiao
tng an area nf MnflOO acre s was creat
ed during this year On Oct 10 1ino
the Ciow Cteek feirest reserve In Wy
oming was ereated with an area of
r6320 acres
tiii iInhion tttiii
Nimitier nl Nntiinn Ailitnil Ilurlng tlin Flu
ent Viiir IVm 43M I
At the end f the fiscal yenr thero
were on the pension roll 993 221 nnineti
a net Increnso or 2010 over the flscnl
yenr 1M9 The number aeleleel to l her
rolls elutlng the year was 16344 The
amount dlslnusud ror nimy penslorH
during the yi nr was ti im 11721 anil
for navy pensions 3761 Mil II a total
or 138462120 65 leaving an luiexpcnel
eil bnliinri or iM2708 2S to be coveted
Into the ticimiuy which shows an in
crens over the prevlots yenis expen
dltilte or 107077 70 There weie 6SI
names added to the rolls elutlng tin
year by special acts passed at the Unit
session or the Ixlh congress
The net or May 1900 nmong other
things provides ror nn extension or In
come to widows pensioned under snid
net to 20 per annum The secretary
or the Intel lor believes that by the op
erations or this net the number of per
sons pensioned under It will Ineionso
nnd the lucre used annual payment for
pensions will be between 30CO000 and
400000
The director i the cersns si it on thnt
the work In connection with the twelfth
census Is progiesslng ftivnrably Thin
nntlonnl undertaking ordued by thu
congress each decaile has finally re
sulted In the eollictlon or nn aggrega
tion or statistical rncts to determine
the Industrial growth or the country Its
mnnuractiiiing nnd inechaulcnl re
sources Its richness In mires nnd for
ests the number of Its agriculturists
their farms and products Its educn
tleinnl and religious opoi trnltles as
nn weil as questions pertaining to so
ciological conditions
lllllAIITHKNf OF AtlKICIIITIIKIC
Arret Drill of Miutc During til
IliKt Yenr
The department of agriculture hn
been extending Its work during the past
year reaching farther ror new varieties
or nedH and plants co operating more
fully with the states and territories in
resen nil nlemg useful lines making
prugicbH In ineteorollglcul work relat
ing to lines of wireless telegraphy and
rorce usts for ocean going vessels con
tinuing inquiry us to nnlmnl disease
looking Intei the extent nnd character
of food oelulterntlon outlining plana
for the en re preservation anil Intelli
gent harvesting of our wood lands
studying soils that producers may cul
tivate with Istter knowiedue of condi
tions nnd helping to clothe divert
plnces with grosses suitable to our arid
regions Our Island possessions nre be
ing considered that their peoples may
be helped to produce the tropical prod
ucts now so extensively brought Into
the United Stntes Inquiry Into meth
ods of Improving our roads has been
active during the year help has been
given to many locnlltles nnd scientific
investgntlon of material In the statesi
nnd territories hns been Inauguarted
Irlgatlon problems in our semi aria re
gions nre receiving careful and In
creased considerations
The civil service commission Is great
ly embarrassed In Its work for want
of nn adequate permanent force for
clerical and other assistance Its needs
nre fully set forth In Its repoH I In
vite attention to the report land es
peclnly urge upon the congress that this
Important bureau or the public service
which passes upon the qualifications
nnd character of so lnrge a number or
the officers nnd employes of the gov
ernment should be supported by all
needed npproprlutlons to secure prompt
ness nnd efficiency
The prebldent recommends the build
ing of n hall of records In Washington
nnd concludes his messnge as follows
In our great prosperity we must guard
against the danger It Invites of ex
travagance In government expenditures
and appropriations and the chosen
representatives of the people will I
doubt not furnish an example In their
legislation of that wise economy which
In a season of plenty husbands for the
future In this era of great bus-
ness activity and opportunity caution
Is not untimely It will not abate but
strengthen confidence It will not
retard but promote legitimate Indus
trial and commercial expansion Our
growing power brings with It tempta
tions nnd perils requiring constant vigi
lance to avoid It must not be usefl
to invite conflicts nor for oppression
but for the more effective maintenance
of those principles of equality and jus
tire upon which our instltulons and
happiness depend Let us keep always
in mind that the foundations of our
government is liberty Its superstruct
ure peace
i WILLIAM MKIXLET
J
