NOTES
MMDOWBROOK
FARM
See the land before you buy it
Apples should be carefully assorted.
Cool the cream as soon as possible
after separating.
Prepared dips kill lice. A lousy
cow is a hard keeper.
Oats should be made a part of the
ration of the growing colt
It is often a good plan to turn wean-
lambs into the cornfield.
! on't give the pigs a setback by a
dav or two of carelessness.
The comfortable cow Is usually one
thsit produces the best profits.
Change pastures often to give the
grass a chance to start up fresh.
Corn silage is an excellent calf feed
when fed in moderate amounts.
Allow no weeds to go to seed. This
will make cultivation easier next
year.
Spring pigs can get along very well
without shelter except from rain un
til fall.
Tainted , musty or mouldy feeds
should never be served In the dairy
herd rations.
A silo should not be less than 30
feet deep or more than 12 or 14 feet
in diameter.
There is always much difficulty In
keeping cans clean and sweet In very
warm weather.
The hog on pasture requires 20 per
cent , less grain to make a gain of 100
pounds in weight
1
The most profitable pork is pro
duced by using as largely as possible
other -feeds than corn.
Rape will stand a vast amount of
stable manure and give a surprising
growth of green feed.
The only hog pasture crop that
may be sown now to furnish fall feed
Is cowpeas or sorghum.
When grapes are bagged at an early
stage there is hardly any work in the
fruit line that pays better.
Cut out sprouts about shade trees ,
plums and apples. They only take
strength from the main plant
If the pig is stinted in its food at
any stage of its life , it can never be
come a perfect pork producer.
Gather pumpkins and squash before
a hard frost and store away in a dry
place ( not in a damp cellar ) .
The best corn-cutting outfit for the
average farmer is a portable engine
with silage cutter and blower attach
ment
Hogs will not thrive on sour and
decomposed food any more than men
will. See that they get fresh , clean
water to drink.
A shed that Is warm and poorly
ventilated will often cause the sheep's
wool to loosen , besides injuring the
animal's vitality.
Quality In form , disposition and gen
eral conformation must be coupled
with the size and style to get the best
in each class of horses.
Cabbage will sometimes cure slob
ber in horses caused by eating white
clover , but it is better to keep the
clover away from the horses.
Be sure that you furnish proper
quarters for the farrowing sow. You
can't afford to lose a single one of the
little "squealers" this season.
In real warm weather it will pay
and pay well to round up the young
pigs every ten days or two weeks and
give them a thorough wetting.
The farmers whose corn fields are
most likely to suffer this season are
those who quit plowing just because
there were no more weeds to kill.
Every farmer knows the value of
corn as a supplement to a pasture
crop late in summer , for which pur
pose it may be used for cattle as
soon as it is tasseled out and for
hogs as soon as the ears have reached
the roasting stage.
It does not cost much to get a pure
bred sire when the benefits to be de
rived from his use are considered , and
the ownership of a good animal has
an educational value which is practic
ally sure to lead to a desire to own a
good hard.
Get some pure-bred stock.
It pays to' spray Intelligently.
Keep the lambs growing all the
time. v
*
Never mix warm cream with cold
cream.
Feed corn very carefully to the pigs
in hot weather.
The needs of the good dairy cow
must be studied.
Keep fewer sheep , better sheep and
give them better care.
Bran Is good for both growing
chicks and laying hens.
It certainly pays to keep a big
quiet flock of good fowls.
Seeds of maple trees have been
known to germinate in Ice.
Oats are frequently seeded with
Canada field peas for forage.
Clover and skim milk are almost In
dispensable in the ration of the grow
ing pig.
Boards should be used for bleaching
early celery. Soil is apt to cause it
to decay.
Artificial heat in the hog pen Is
not necessary. Freedom from drafts
is better.
Every farmer should have a piece of
rape to turn the sheep on when the
pastures fail.
A hog could be starved to eat al
most anything ; but seldom does well
on spoiled food.
A side line of dairying that helps
out is to have plenty of pigs to eat
the skim milk.
Young chickens should not be coop
ed on land that was occupied by chick
ens last year.
An accessible supply of pure , cold
water should always be available for
the dairy herd.
Different kinds of milk animals dif
fer greatly as to the fat and solid con
tents of the milk.
Rape is commonly sown either
broadcast or in rows about 30 inches
apart and cultivated.
Plenty of hot water must be used In
keeping the dairy utensils clean dur
ing the hot weather.
The best authorities give the weight
of one gallon of milk , of average com
position , as 8.6 pounds.
The silo is now a necessity , and for
you to compete with the man .who has
one you must have one , too.
' The levelness with which a horse
walks is one of the best evidences
that his legs work in harmony.
Roughage for calves should first be
fed at two or three weeks of age ,
when the calf begins to eat grain.
Steel silos are growing In favor , and
seemingly do not hold the frost any
more or even as much as the cement
ones.
Contrary to popular belief more
chickens die from June until Sep
tember than in all the rest of the
year.
The cold storage man makes better
prices for the dairyman and poultry-
man until the cold storage man is
"busted. "
The milk should be strained through
one thickness of clean white flannel
and then should be quickly cooled and
well aired.
If a ewe keeps her lamb in fine fat
condition up to the time of weaning ,
be sure she is a good mother , and
keep her.
A silo saves labor , as with it you
can feed more stock in much less time
than by any other means and do it
much easier.
When a hog reaches 200 pounds in
weight it requires extra good care and
an expert feeder to continue to lay on
flesh at a profit
Some people claim that a hog Is a
scavenger by nature , but he certainly
thrives better on clean feed and de
cent surroundings.
Weeds plowed under add some hu
mus and fertility to the soil , though
in a very much less degree than
clover or cow peas.
Pigs , sows and fattening hogs
should be kept in separate inclosures.
They will be healthier and derive
more benefit from their feeds by
such handling.
Make a creep for the little pigs in
which they can get in and eat and the
old hogs cannot follow. By the way ,
do not feed the little fellows sloppy ,
sour feed. Give them shelled corn
and watch them crack it.
Fall fairs have already begun. Ex
hibit your poultry at as many of them
as possible. You will learn much that
will benefit you in many ways. Ex
change ideas with the poultry breed
ers you meet there. The poultry in
dustry has never yet been completely
mastered by any one man.
GRAIN-SORGHUM CROP
Two Ways by Which It Can Be
Made of Greater Value.
Most Useful in Regions Where Mois
ture Is Often Controlling Factor
in Crop Production Are
Drought Resistant.
( By CARLETON > R. BALL , Bureau of
Plant Industry. U. S. Department of Ag
riculture. )
In general there are two ways by
which the grain-sorghum crops can be
made of greater value to the grower.
The first is by improving the varie
ties ; the second , by finding more rap
id and economical methods of har
vesting. Improved varieties can be
obtained through selection of present
sorts and by bettering the methods of
growing them. More rapid and eco
nomical harvesting will come about
either through adapting the crops to
present machinery or through the in
vention of new machines , or both.
There are five principal ways in
which improvement may be made :
(1) ( Increased drought resistance ,
(2) ( Increased earliness , (3) ( ) dwarfer
stature , (4) greater productiveness ,
and (5) ( Increased machine harvest
ing.
ing.The
The grain sorghums are most use
ful in regions where moisture is often
the controlling factor in crop pro
duction. Much good should therefore
be accomplished by increasing their
drought resistance , especially in the
areas of. lighter rainfall.
No one knows exactly what drought
resistance is. It Is probable that
what we call drought resistance Is
the effect of several different factors.
The most important of these factors
are probably (1) ( ) Increased ability to
prevent the loss of water by transpi
ration , (2) ( increased development of
the root system , and (3) ( a possible
Increase In power to extract water
from a dry soil.
Differences in the power to control
transpiration are well-known and
readily observed facts. By transpira
tion is meant the passing of water
from the tissues of the plant Into the
air. In the processes of their growth
all plants are constantly absorbing
water from the soil through their
rootlets and allowing certain quanti
ties of this moisture to pass out into
the air through minute pores , called
Btomata. This is done in much the
same manner as water escapes
through the animal skin in the form
of perspiration. In times of drought
it Is important that the plant lose as
little as possible of Its water supply
In this way. The plant best fitted to
prevent transpiration is thus the most
drought resistant In cacti , for in
stance , this ability is highly perfect
ed. Corn is much less drought resist
ant than the members of the-various
groups of so'rghums. Corn is in dan
ger when the leaves begin to curl ,
but sorghums often remain In this
condition for a long time without per
manent injury.
The size and character of the root
system is probably a strong factor in
drought resistance. The larger the
root system in proportion to the plant
the better it can supply moisture. The
wider and deeper its penetration , the
larger the area of soil from which It
draws moisture in times of drought.
A deeply rooting plant may be able
to secure water when shallow root
systems lie wholly in dry soil. This
is entirely apart from possible dif
ferences in ability to secure moisture
from a given unit of soil. Such differ
ences may exist , but the Idea is only
a theory as yet Unfortunately , the
character of the root system cannot
be observed while making observa
tions.
RAISE POULTRY FOR MARKET
Aim to Attract Eye of Buyer and Es
tablish Reputation for Prime
Stock Do Not Mix Colors.
Here are a few hints to those who
are in the business of raising market
poultry : Market the roosters separate
ly. Aim to attract the eye of the
buyer. Have regular market days.
Try to build up a reputation for prime
stock. Grow bone and muscle first ,
and then fatten. Big combed broil
ers are apt to be wrongly classified
in market. Always notify your com
mission merchant before shipping.
Young fowls shipped with old stock
will command old stock prices. Poul
try should be killed the day before
marketing when going direct to the
consumer. Do not mix white-skinned
chickens in the same shipment with
yellow-skinned ones. Have a tag fas
tened on each fowl you send to mar
ket. It is the best way to advertise
your stock.
Harrowing Grain.
Prof. Thomas Shaw states that he
thought the four harrowings he gave
grailn after It was up saved his crop
last year. It was so dry that the
grass never got green , yet the yields
went from twenty to thirty bushels.
The harrowings were given when the
grain was just coming up , when it was
four to five inches high ; six to seven
Inches and when eight to nine inches
bight
Poisonous Sorghum.
A second growth of sorghum is poi
sonous to cattle and often causes
death in a short time. Frosted sorghum
ghum is also claimed by many farm
ers to be bad for cattle. For this
reason some farmers are afraid to pas
ture sorghum late in the fall or win
ter.
PROBLEM OF BLOWING SOILS
Few of Enthusiastic Dry Farmers
Have Be n Pulverizing Soil Alto
gether Too Fine.
It seems that a few of our dry fann
ing friends have been a bit overenthusiastic
thusiastic , and in flying from the evil
of drying out the land through non-
cultivation , have rushed Into the arms
of its companion , that of pulverizing
it so fine that it departs piecemeal.
This comes about from attempting to
apply unyielding rules to a constantly
varying agent , the soil itself. In
farming there can be no general suc
cess by the use of a hard and fast
"thus-and-so it shall be done" edict.
The treatment that will prove very
satisfactory with the heavy soil of a
slough may be worse than useless
when applied to a high slope in the
same field. This Is a gentle way of
suggesting the use of horse sense in
tillage. The end to be attained is
the retention of water in the soil ,
and the character of the soil must
govern the method adopted. The
heavier soils that have a tendency to
lump together will stand frequent
harrowing without arriving at the
dust stage where the cure becomes
worse than the disease.
The light soils can easily be over
worked , and this fact has long been
recognized by farmers who may be
short on scientific theories , but are
long on credit at the bank.
Doubtless crops can be grown on a
less ample water supply than that
of the middle west , and doubtless also
many tolerably good farmers will go
broke trying to find the exact point
where profit rather than loss occurs.
If the northwestern farmer would
consider as seriously the effect of a
corn and clover break into his crop
rotation as he must consider the mat
ter of water supply on the sub-arid
lands where fortune smiles with one
eye , and winks with the other , and
where dry-land propagandists seeking
to unload their holdings vie with
Munchausen , his yields would mate
rlally increase.
GOOD CULTURE OF THE CORN
Cultivate Shallow , Just Deep Enough
to Kill Weeds and Keep Top Soil
Mellow Holds Moisture.
Cultivate shallow , just deep enough
to kill the weeds , and keep the top
soil mellow. A mellow top soil will
prevent the evaporation of moisture.
The cultivators , with short whiffletrees -
trees attached , should be in the field
and ready to use at a moment's notice.
Then , if a shower stops work in the
hay or grain field or while the dew is
on In the morning , start the cultiva
tors , If it is only for an hour or two.
The ground should never be allowed
to crust over and no rank weeds al
lowed to grow and take the strength
out of the ground. When the corn Is
in tassel and earing is the time when
moisture Is most needed. This is the
critical period in the growth of the
crop. A mellow soil prevents loss of
moisture and is a large factor in a
good yield of grain.
We plant no pumpkins in our main
fields and cultivate frequently as long
as the horse can get through the rows
without breaking down the stalks. It
is the last working and hoeing that
kills the weeds and leaves a clean
corn stubble for the fall seeding of
grain. The cultivator with sharp
teeth , the frame set wide so the entire
ground between the rows can be
stirred at the one working , is the best
implement to use at the last working.
The sulky cultivator cannot be used
when the stalks are half grown with
out breaking down too many stalks.
LIVE STOCK NOTES.
Screen the stables with wire netting
to keep the flies out.
Lambs may be weaned successfully
at 10 to 12 weeks old.
Water and shade in the pasture is
of prime Importance.
The first week is the critical time
in the life of the little pig.
Anything that adds to the comfort
of the horses Is money saved.
Keep the young colt out of the sun
until it's nine or ten days old. It pays.
The horse is made for muscular ef
fort , and it is cruelty to deprive him
of it.
it.Alfalfa
Alfalfa has proven a splendid ration
for hogs that are thin or a little off
feed.
feed.Ewes
Ewes will not do well on timothy
and will do as well or better on oat
straw.
The farm team rests better in a pad
dock after the night feed and a good
cleaning.
For the greatest profit , the pigs
should grow rapidly from birth to
market day.
For the health and profit of sheep
they should have free access to good
pure water.
The average pig , if given free range ,
will take enough exercise to keep In
the best of health.
Barley straw with grain is a cheap
and very good feed for young cattle
when hay is scarce.
Other things being equal , the old
sow is preferable to the young one.
She has proven her worth.
When your lambs are weaned , it is
a good plan to fast them for 12 hours
and to give them a drench.
The lambs should be put on a new
pasture , one that has not been grazed
before , say on a meadow aftermath.
When the pigs are a few weeks old
they should be given a creep where
they can help themselves to grain.
If the stallion is not used on the
road or In the harness In farm work ,
he should have a large paddock with a
strong fence to run In.
* * -
THING THAT PUZZLED BILLY
Was Sure Elevator Moved , but Prog
ress Was Not Apparent to
His Eyes.
- Billy was a quaint old darkey who
Had come to the city for the first
time. One day his employer sent him
with a note to a man whose office was
on an upper floor of a skyscraper ,
where every floor of the building was
arranged and finished like the first
one. Billy was directed by the ele
vator boy to enter the "lift , " and he
would then show him to the office he
wanted. It was Billy's first experi
ence in an elevator , and he did not
rightly understand the nature or pur
pose of it. On his return he describ
ed some of his experiences to his em
ployer.
"When I got ter de buildin' I axes
er yaller boy wut wuz er standin' in
de inside of de front doah whar Mr.
Brown's office wuz , an' he tol' me ter
come wid him , an' he would show me.
He tuk me inter er big cage an' shet
de doah , an' den we begun ter move.
An' , Marse John , I'se tellin' you de
gospel trufe , we got off r'ght whar
we started an' God knows we rlz , "
Lippincott's.
HANDS WOULD CRACK OPEN
"About two months ago my hands
started to crack open and bleed , the
skin would scale off , and the good
flesh would burn and itch dreadfully.
When my hands first started to get
sore , there were small blisters like wa
ter blisters which formed. They
itched dreadfully , it just seemed as
though I could tear the skin all off. I
would scratch them and the skin would
peel off , and the flesh would be all
red and crack open and bleed. It wor
ried me very much , as I had never
had anything the matter with my skin.
I was so afraid I would have to give
up my employment.
"My doctor said he didn't think it
would amount to anything. But it kept
getting worse. One day I saw a piece
in one of the papers about a lady who
had the same trouble with her hands.
She had used Cuticura Soap and Oint
ment and was cured. I decided to try
them , and my hands were all healed
before I had used one cake of Cuti
cura Ointment. I am truly thankful
for the good results from the Cuticura
Soap and Ointment , for thanks to them
I was cured , and did not have to lose
a day from work. I have had no re
turn of the skin trouble. " ( Signed )
Mrs. Mary E. Breig , 2522 Brown
Street , Philadelphia , Pa. , Jan. 12,1911.
Although Cuticura Soap and Oint
ment are sold everywhere , a sample
of each , with 32-page book , will be
mailed free on application to "Cuti
cura , " Dept 6 K , Boston.
"A Million for Tuberculosis. "
This will be the third year that Red
Cross Christmas seals have been sold
on a national basis. In 1908 over
$135,000 was realized from the sale ;
in 1909 , nearly $225,000 , and in 1910
nearly $310,000. The slogan for this
year's sale is "A Million for Tuber
culosis from Red Cross Seals. " New
York state led the sale last year with
5,955,872 seals , Ohio coming next with
3,743,427 , and Wisconsin third with
2,770,112. In addition to these , Penn
sylvania , New Jersey , Massachusetts ,
Connecticut , California and Rhode
Island sold over a million each. Nash
ville , Tenn. , selling 200,000 , was the
only city receiving over 100,000 seals
which sold every one of them.
The Height of Song.
Miss Mary Garden , at a supper in
New York that preceded her depar
ture for Europe , praised a new tenor.
"He is one of those tenors , " said
Miss Garden , "who have to shut their
eyes when they sing. "
"Why so ? " asked a young million
aire.
"Because. " she replied , smiling , "he
goes so high It makes him dizzy. "
Considering the Details.
Alphonso Gwendolyn , why are you
so cruel as to keep me waiting for
my answer ? It is now ten minutes
since I asked you to be my wife.
Gwendolyn O , pardon me , I forgot !
was simply choosing my bridesmaids !
Stray Stories.
Out of the Whaieback.
Jonah joined the Vacation Liars
club.
"Yes , " he remarked , "I enjoyed my
ocean trip immensely. "
Rheumatism , Neuralgia and Sore Throat
will not live under the same roof with
Hamlins Wizard Oil , the -world's best
liniment for the relief of all pain.
Good Reason.
"Why did Jagsby leave the cast of
that tank drama ? "
"Because he wanted to be the tank. "
WHY BE WEAK7
Why suffer backache , headacncv
dizziness , weariness , urinary irregu
larities and other troubles that arise
from disordered kidneys ? Doan's
Kidney Pills nav
cured thousands.
John O. Sedaln , Mo
desto , Cal. , says : * * I
was so weak I stag
gered like adrunkem
man. I ran down ia
weight from 176 to
137 pounds. I had
practically no con
trol over the kidnej
secretions and the
pain in my back wa
terrible. I became a
nervous wreck and was given-op by
our best physicians. Like a drowning
man grasping at a straw I began us
ing Doan's Kidney Pills and steadily
improved. In a few months' time I
was back at my old weight Doan'a
Kidney Pills cured me and I giv *
them the entire credit"
Remember the name Doan's.
For sale by druggists and general
storekeepers everywhere. Price 50c.
Foster-Milburn Co. , Buffalo , N. Y.
Incident Overlooked.
A New England farmer , noted to *
his uncontrolled temper , became cos-
verted , according to the St Louis Re
public.
A month later he was holding forth
to a number of friends and relative *
gathered at the Thanksgiving dinner
table on the subject of his religious
principles , his entire change of char
acter and his kind and forbearing dis
position.
Finally growing enthusiastic in his
dscriptions , he called on his wife to
uphold his assertions.
"Jane , " he shouted , "you haven't
had an unkind word or deed from me
since I got converted now , hare
you ? "
There was a dead silence ; the *
came in meek , , yet reminding tones
from the other end of the table :
"Jerome , Jerome , you've forgot
time you bit me. "
Pat Was More Than Willing.
A very pretty girl who recently re
turned from Ireland tells of an en
counter with an Irish cabby In Dub
lin. She had started out from the
hotel to do some shopping , but de
cided instead to make a tour of the
city on a jaunting ar. Arriving at
the first car stand , and having se
lected the smartest looking vehicle ,
she told the driver mat she "wanted
to engage him for the day. " Pat.
never backward In paying homage to
beauty , earnestly replied : "Begorra ,
ma'am , you are welcome. I only wish
it was for life ! "
A Sandwich Filling.
A delicious filling for sandwiches or
crackers is made by mixing equal
parts of cream cheese and snappy
cheese with French dressing to a
smooth paste , then stirring In it
chopped red peppers or chopped olives.
This paste should be very creamy and
put on thickly , at least a quarter of
an Inch. It Is nice between salted
wafers or on thin rounds of brown or
rye bread.
Nature's Wise Economy.
"Nature knew what she was doing
when she deprived fishes of a voice. "
"How do you work that out ? "
"What if a fish had to cackle over
every egg It laid ? " Toledo Blade.
ASK FOB AULEN'S FOOT-EASE
the Antiseptic powder to sbakelntoyonrshocs. Bo.
Ueves Corns , Bunions , Ingrowing Kails , Swollen and
Sweating feet. Blisters and Callous spots. Sold
everywhere , 26c. Don t accept any substitute. Sam
ple FEEE. Address Allen & Olxosted. Lo Boj , M.Z.
Young people should reverence their
parents when at home , strangers when
abroad , and themselves when alone
and at all times. Massillon.
BEAUTIFUL POST CARDS FREE
Bend 2e stamp for flve samples of my reiy choic
est Gold Embossed Birthday , Flower and Motto
Post Cards ; beantlfal colors and loveliest designs.
Art Post Card Club. 731 Jackson St , Topeka , Kannai
Horse Sense.
"He has plenty of horse sense. * *
"Why so ? "
"He never bets on one. "
Sioux City Directory
size for $5.00. No dealer's profit
to pay. Maker to user. Secnre-
ly packed and shipped FBKB.
AXTBOHY TZIM FACTORY. Sea Ctj ,
Established 30 Years
FLORISTS
Floral emblems and cut flowers for aU
occaaiona. SIOUX CITY , IOWA
W. N. U.f SIOUX CITY , NO. 36-1911.
Do You Feel This Way ?
Do you feel all tired out ? Do you sometimes
think you just can't work away at your profes
sion or trade any longer ? Do you have a poor ape-
the , and lay awake at nights unable to sleep ? An *
your nerves all gone , and your stomach too ? Has am
bition to forge ahead in the world left you ? If so , yea
might as well put a stop to your misery. You can do it if
you will. Dr. Pierce's Golden Medical Discovery will
make you a different individual. It will set your lazy liver
to work. It will set things right in your stomach , and
your appetite will come back. It will purify your blood.
' If there is any tendency in your family toward consumption ,
it will keep that dread destroyer away. Even after con
sumption has almost gained a foothold in the form of ft
lingering cough , bronchitis , or bleeding at the lungs , it will bring about a.
cure in 98 per cent , of all cases. It is a remedy prepared by Dr. R. V. Pierce *
of Buffalo , N. Y. , whose advice is given 'free to all who wish to write him. His.
great success has come from his wide experience and varied practice.
Don't be wheedled by a penny-grabbing dealer into talcing inferior substi
tutes for Dr. Pierce's medicines , recommended to be "just as good. " Dr.
Pierce's medicines are OF KNOWN COMPOSITION. Their every ingredient printed
oa their wrappers. Made from roots without alcohol. Contain no habit *
forming drugs. World's Dispensary Medical Association , Buffalo , N. Y.
I