NOTES
MMDCWBROOK
FARM
One of the Tery best feeds to grow
for sheep is fodder corn.
Blue grass and white clover make
an ideal pasture for sheep.
Corn for grain and alfalfa hay go
well together In animal feeding.
Sudden changes In the calf's feed *
are almost certain to start trouble.
All dairy utensils should be
washed as soon as possible after be
ing used.
If you grow squashes and have
never seen the squash bug you are
fortunate.
Be sure there are no drafts In the
hen house or your hens are likely to
have the roup.
Chicks and young cockerels are apt
to become weak in their legs while
running at large.
Look out for ticks. Your sheep
can not fatten if they are troubled
Avith these pests.
The brood mare in foal should be
handled by a firm , steady hand , not
an excitable , rash hand.
With over 100 breeds of chickens
already in existence , breeders are at
work trying to fix new ones.
Stagnant water should never be
allowed to remain where sheep can
get at it. It conveys parasites.
There is no crop that a stock feed
er "can grow that will make as much
feed as corn and peas or soy beans.
If the man who has no silo would
watch his neighbor feed and watch
the results he would soon have one.
After the asparagus season is over
remove the weeds , stir the soil and
put a coating of well-rotted manure
on the bed.
There is only one time when a poul-
tryman is justified in selling a good
pullet , and that is when he is going
out of the business.
Dairying does not imply that any
other line of farming is bad. It
makes the fields more profitable and
the farm more profitable.
It makes some horses ugly to work
them with horses that do not travel
up with them. Match them as to gait
as well as to other things.
A drop of melted lard rubbed on
top of the head and another drop un
der its bill and along the neck will
put an end to the head lice.
One reason why more farmers do
not have better breeds of poultry is
because the hatching and brooding
season comes in their busiest time of
the year.
To succeed with celery you should
have cold manure or muck applied in
large quantities. It is a deep feeder
and does best on a compact cold or
deep soiL
AH crops should be severely thinned
better hare a good ear of corn than
two nubbins ; better have a good nub
bin than a thrashy nubbin and an
empty shoot. *
In order that a horse may trot or
pace he must have the physical con
formation , adoption to the gait , and a
Tavorable condition of mental and
nervous organizations.
Keeping down the weeds will aid
the garden crops in maturing , and
make picking easier. Mulch the clean
surface of the ground with old straw
in case of dry conditions.
ff you have a crop of heifer calves ,
be sure to select those that have the
greatest promise of being producers.
Give them the best of care qnd build
up your future herd in this way.
The condition of the soil , the lo
cation with regard to schools , and
markets and the desirability of a farm
from a general standpoint are three
things that should enter into consider
ation before buying.
The cow is the final judge as to the
real worth of silage. She is Its "ulti
mate consumer , " and when she says
by a full pail and satisfied expression
that silage is the best dairy feed the
wise dairyrran will abide by her de
cision.
It is poor policy to starve and
stunt a pig during the first few
months , expecting to make it up by
heavy feeding later. The 100-pound
pig makes gains 20 per cent , cheaper
than the 200-pound pig if equally
thrifty.
Warm milk IB best for the calf , no
matter how old it is.
If you haven't a silo , think over
the matter of building one.
Some horses have learned to balk
by being overloaded and abused.
The cow that loses flesh in October
or November will be an expensive one
to winter. /
Alfalfa hay Is a fine rough feed for
horses once per day If fed In moder
ate quantities.
All over the country people are
keeping better poultry than they did
a few years ago.
Sweet corn is a very profitable crop.
One reason for this is because it is
so easily handled.
Cow pox is a contagious eruption ;
running a fixed course , and accompa
nied by a slight fever.
Mature hogs that are thin may be
made a gain of a half pound a day
ou alfalfa without grain.
Running the mower along the sides
of the ditches will make it easiei
keeping them clear of weeds.
Hot water and sunshine are two ol
the best cleansers for the dairy uten
sils that can be found anywhere.
Until we get perfect animals we
should search for a sire that in some
particulars Is superior to the cows in
our herds.
A good pedigree counts , and the
good ram Is Ijound to show his good
points ; If he is not good he will show
his defects. '
Many orchards have sufficient avail
able plant food , but lack water at
that critical period while the tree is
fruit making.
The man who has plenty of soiling
crops does not fear the dry pastures
so much as the one who depends upon
the grass alone.
The sow should be given a warm
millfeed slop , made fresh for each
meal , whole oats and a little sound
corn twice a day.
Of the insects attacking squashes ,
melons , cucumbers , pumpkins , etc. ,
the common striped cucumber beetle
is the most injurious.
The right time to castrate pigs Is a
week or so before they are weaned ,
if healthy ; if delicate , wait a week erse
so until they are stronger.
The separator is an absolute neces-
"sity upon the modern dairy farm. It
safeguards the health of the calves
and the pigs and increases the profits.
No cow can properly digest and as
similate balanced rations and eco
nomically convert them into milk
unless she has been properly devel
oped
The keeping of goats for milk Is
not a fad ; and the breeding of dairy
goats is coming to the front most
rapidly in both the United States and
Canada.
A well planned garden is one that
will allow as much of it as possible
to be cultivated with a horse. Hoeing
in the garden doesn't set well with
most of us.
When pigs are six weeks old they
may be turned into grass , and clover
pasture if the weather is warm. If
cold and ground wet , keep them in
dry , roomy pens.
When water is given a short time
before feeding it passes out of the
stomach quickly and leaves that or
gan free to deal with any food con
sumed afterward.
Expert truckers and market gar
deners apply , in connection with ma
nure spread in the drill or hill , 600
to 800 pounds of some standard bone
phosphate to the acre.
Young pigs should have the best of
care and get to eating nicely while on
the mother. They should not be
weaned until they are nine weeks old
if good results are obtained.
A vicious old mare in a herd of
horses , in the pasture is likely to do
great harm by biting and kicking. She
should either be hobbled or kept en
tirely away from other horses.
A field of rape makes an excellent
summer pasture crop for sheep pas
ture during the dry summer period
when the regular pastures are either
too short or burned entirely down.
Experiments made at the Pennsyl
vania experiment station show that
hill strawberries are not larger and
better fqrmed than those grown in
matted rows , provided the matted
row Is a narrow one.
It is important that every drop of
milk should be drawn from the udder
for the richest milk comes last and in
addition to this , if the cow It not
milked dry she will fall off in her flow
more quickly.
When selecting a cow for the dairy
look and see if the eye of the animal
is large and full. The largeness of
the eye indicates a strong nervous
system. Digestion and milk secre
tion Is the work of the nerve system.
The nerve system is the power that
drives the animal's milk machine.
DRY FARM PRINCIPLES
Opening Up Heretofore-Called
American Desert.
Methods Can Be Used to Advantage
In Region With Double Amount
of Precipitation as That of
Arid Weat.
In Campbell's dry farming or scien
tific soil culture we have the opening
of the heretofore-called American
Desert or the arid region of the west.
Land which was formerly considered
unfit for agricultural purposes be
cause of the hick of water is now
yielding fair crops to the man who is
just learning the "whys" and "where
fores" of the proper tilage of the soil ,
writes Guy S. Ellis in the Breeder's
Gazette. The fact that , this land
yields crops of a fair average has
brought many to study the theory of
dry farming. The subject might also
have a direct bearing on the tillage
of land in the humid region. In the
humid region we usually find a time
when during the summer months we
wish to sow forage crops or turnips
and there is not moisture enough to
start the seeds or to supply the needs
of growing crops. Here is where dry
farming methods can .be used to ad
vantage in a region with double the
amount of precipitation as that of
parts of the arid west.
The first requisite is a firm sub
soil. In firming the sub-soil , we
break up the large lumps and compact
the whole so that the particles of soil
lie closer together , forming a perfect
connection between the unbroken sub
soil and the loose soil of the furrow.
Capillary connection is established ,
that is , th'e very minute pasageways
are established through which the
soil moisture can rise from the subsoil -
soil to the soil above. By using a
harrow or disc a dust mulch can be
made which will hinder the further
upward passage of water and hold it
within reach of the growing plants
or sprouting seeds.
A firm sub-soil which is in good
physical condition Is favorable to
holding large amounts of moisture , and
to the most rapid movements of mois
ture by capillary attraction. It Is also
favorable to the development of
the greatest amount of available
fertility and the most prolific
growth and development of lateral
roots. We should therefore bear in
mind that the soil is nature's labora
tory , where the proportions of air
and water may be combined in just
the proper quantities. If the soils are
too loose , tnen there Is t o much air
for the water the soil can hold , and
only under very ideal climatic con
ditions can a fair crop be grown.
With a firm seed-bed in which the
soil is in good tillage and the mois
ture near the surface , we have a good
medium in which to plant seed. If
the soil has been properly tended
these conditions can be carried thus
throughout the season.
The process of farming the sub-soil
furnishes five aids in carrying the
growing crops over long dry periods.
We have more water in the soil. By
destroying the many large non-capil
lary pores in the surface soil we
bring its grains closer together and
the water Is aided In its upward pas
sage.
sage.We
We gain a stronger capillary move
ment of moisture. Prof. F. H. King
of Wisconsin says , "In rolling the soil
its water-lifting power is increased to
such an extent that often within
twenty-four hours after rolling , the up
per 1 minute to 2 minutes beneath
the firm ground contains more mois
ture , while the lower 2 minutes be
come dryer than soil adjacent which
is left untreated. "
We have a more rapid development
of bacteria and nitrates. There is
no time of the year , according to
Campbell , when water held in the
soil near the surface in sufficient
quantities will bring about as many
valuable chemical changes as in July
and August. A large amount of bac
teria and nitrates are developed then.
This comes during the months when
Iowa generally has her drouth , if she
has any , and to get these valuable
chemical changes we must study and
use proper tillage methods which will
put this moisture near the surface.
There is a more prolific growth of
roots. Roots or rootlers will not pene
trate air spaces in the soil so if we
wish a strong vigorous root system we
must first see that the ground Is pack
ed so as to break up the lumps and
bring the surface soil particles closer
together. Again the development of
bacteria and nitrates aid in making
vigorous root systems. The moisture
arising from a stronger capillary at
traction brings food into a soluble
form and the * rootlets spread out to
gather in this supply of plant food.
We gain a larger percentage of
available fertility during drouth. The *
growth of all plants depends upon the
amount any energy of the available
fertility. This is great or small in i
proportion to the physical or mechan-
leal condition of the soil.
Reduce Loss of Moisture.
Thorough drainage , well prepared
seed beds and keeping the surface of
the soil mellow and fine will reduce
the loss of moisture from our soil tea
a minimum and prevent serious dam
age to our crops from summer
droughts.
Overcome Drought.
Years of testing by various meth
ods and systems have shown that
drought Is practically overcome where
farmers select seed and carefully util
ize proper methods of tillage.
HARVESTING IN ARID AREAS
Important That Grain Bo Gathered
More Promptly Than irTOther
Areas Time to Cut.
In dry areas it IB even more impor
tant that grain shall be harvested
promptly than in other areas. One
reason is that the grain is usually
very plump , and therefore , shells
easily. This is not true of all kinds
of gnfln , but it is true of many kinds
of the same. Some kinds of wheat ,
for instance , do not shell readily ,
though not cut for two or three weeks
after reaching maturity. This , how
ever , is not true of many kinds of
wheat.
The loss in shelling does not result
entirely from the loss of the grain.
In such areas , much of the grain thus
lost will grow again , but not until the
next year. It mingles with the crop
that follows often to its serious detri
ment , even though the crop should beef
of the same species and variety. It
makes it thicker than it ought to be ,
thus making the moisture supply in
sufficient for the needs of the crop in
a dry season. On the open prairie
or beach lands , the winds will so whip
the heads betimes , that if cutting is
deferred for even two or three days
beyond the proper stage , much of the
grain will be lost.
In such areas the cutting is usually
too long deferred. With most cereals
cutting may take place as soon as the
straw has assumed a yellow tinge for
several inches below the head. It will
also be of the same tint for several
inches up from the surface of the
ground , but the body of the straw
may still be green. Flax is ready for
cutting in such areas when say two-
thirds of the bolls have assumed a
brown tint. Peas are ready when two-
thirds of the pods on the vines have
turned yellow. The pods , still more
or less green in tint , will be found on
top of the vines. They are much less
important * than those first formed.
Where very large areas of grain are
grown in dry section * the crop is fre
quently harvested with _ the header ,
and in some instances with the com
bined header and thresher ; this is
only possible where the area to be
harvested is large.
KEEP HORSE IN GOOD FLESH
It Does Not Pay to Keep Weak Ani.
mals That Cannot Do Good Day's
Work Every Day.
Horses can be kept the most eco
nomically in good flesh. A fat horse
will eat less than a poor one. The
horse with his bones covered with
good , hard flesh and muscle is strong
er. It does not pay to keep thin , weak
horses that cannot do a good day's
work every day when it costs no more
to keep good ones. I could never drive
a team that did not have so much
life that I had to restrain instead of
urge them , and when I wanted to
rush a job they were ready for it.
It is a sad fact that one of the
worst things that can be said about
farmers , as a class , that reflects on
their character , is that they keep too
many poor , weak and diseased horses
that so many consider only as ma
chines to do their work with.- Surely
the horse needs friends that will do
some missionarywork for him. Some
one has said that when a man's ani
mals know he has religion he has tha
right kind.
POULTRY NOTES.
Ducks are good hatchers but poor
mothers.
The Peking is the accepted breed in
all large duck plants.
Ducks kept on land must be sup
plied with fresh water three times a
day.
day.A
A sprayer that will force kerosene
into all cracks of the poultry house is
better than a brush.
There is as much science In the mar
keting of eggs as in any other branch
of the poultry industry.
Geese must have freedom to do well.
Two or three-year-old geese are more
profitable than yearlings.
Undersized or bad-shaped eggs
should be discarded , as well as double-
yolked and , thin-shelled eggs.
The man who said "the best poultry
keepers on most forms are women , "
knew what he was talking about.
Chickens digest kaffir corn and corn
more completely when the grain is
fed whole than when the meal is fed.
One of the best ways to disinfect a
brooder is to open wide , take out the
hover and let the midday sun shine on
both for a few hours.
It is no sign that a hen 3s hungry
just because she runs with outspread
wings whenever called. A hen never
knows when she has enough.
Chicks cannot grow and keep
healthy unless they take' proper ex
ercise. Bury millet seed in a deep lit
ter and make them scratch for it.
Give the turkey hen a feed of grain
at night If fed heavily in the morn
ing she will not range so far with the
youngsters as if she starts out to find
her own breakfast.
Greens belong naturally in the
chicken feed list. In the wild state ,
fowls live largely on vegetable matter ,
wild seeds and insects. In captivity
they require the same things.
When the hen is through setting
burn all the old nest material , disin
fect the nest box and give it a coat of
liquid lice killer to make a good job
of It , and then put in fresh straw.
To break broody hens from wanting
to sit shut them up in a coop where
they can roost on an elevated object
and feed lightly for a few days. Make
them work for the grain in a deep lit
ter.
A PARADOX.
Manager Has your new play plen
ty of life in It ?
Playwright Sure. Why , eight people
ple are killed in the last two acts.
CHILD'S HEAD
A MASS OF HUMOR
"I think the Cuticura remedies are
the best remedies for eczema I have
ever heard of. My mother had a child
who had a rash on its head when it
was real young. Doctor called It baby
rash. He gave us medicine , but it did
no good. In a few days the head was
a solid mass , a running sore. It was
awful ; the child cried continually. We
had to hold him and watch him to
keep him from scratching the sore.
His suffering was dreadful. At last
we remembered Cuticura Remedies.
We got a dollar bottle of Cuticura Re
solvent , a box of Cuticura Ointment ,
and a bar of Cuticura Soap. We gave
the Resolvent as directed , washed the
head with the Cuticura Soap , and ap
plied the Cuticura Ointment. We had
not used half before the child's head
was clear and free from eczema , and
It has never come back again. His
head was healthy and he had a beau
tiful head of hair. I think the Cuti
cura Ointment very good for the hair.
It makes the hair grow and prevents
falling hair. " ( Signed ) Mrs. Francis
Lund , Plain City , Utah , Sept. 19 , 1910.
Although Cuticura Soap and Oint
ment are sold everywhere , a sample
of each , with 32-page book , will be
mailed free on application to "Cuti
cura , " Dept. 12 L , Boston.
Stayed Away.
A little boy , says Harper's Maga
zine , noticing the absence for several
days of the little girl next to him in
school , inquired of the teacher where
she was
"She was sick , " replied the teacher ,
"and the Lord took her away. "
"Hin ! " said the boy ; "I was sick
all last week and he nevw came near
me. "
The Brute.
"Men are such rude things , " said
the supercilious girl.
"Has any of them dared to address
you without an introduction ? "
"No ; but in a crowd one got his face
all mixed up with my hatpin and
never even said 'excuse me. ' "
Lively.
"Is this the kfnd of cheese that you
want ? "
"Keep it still , so that I can look at
Some men are honest because it is
too much trouble to be otherwise.
Cement Talk No. 3
Concrete is the
hardened rock-like
product made by usin
some brand of Portland
cement with sand , gravel
or broken stone and
water. The cement is the ma
terial which binds the sand ,
gravel or broken stone to
gether ; this binding action is
produced by water. The terms
"Cement" and "Concrete"
thus have different meanings ,
although they are frequently used
interchangeably. While cement is
only one of the materials in concrete ,
It is perhaps the most important. To
insure the best results in concrete work ,
the highest grade of Portland cement
should be used. The concrete worker
may rest assured that he has the belt
cement if he will make certain that the woni
UNIVERSAL is printed on each sack of
cement that he buys. Representative deal
ers everywhere handle UNIVERSAL.
UNIVERSAL PORTLAND CEMENT CO.
cmcAGo-prrrsBDRa
Northwesters Office , Minneapolis
ANNUAL OUTPUT 10,000,000 BARREL !
Constipation
Vanishes Forever
Prompt Relief Permanent Curt
CARTER'S LITTLE
LIVER PILLS never
fail. Purely vegeta
ble act surely CARTERS
but gently on
the liver. ITTLE
Stop after IYER
dinner dis PILLS.
tress-cure '
indigestion , *
improve the complexion , brighten the eyes.
SMALL PILL , SMALL DOSE , SMALL PRICE ,
Genuine'must bear Signature
'ALLANS
ULCER1NIL SALVE"
For the treatment of Chronic Ulcers , Bone
Ulcers.Scrof olons Ulcers.Varicoso Ulcer. . In
dolent UlcersMercurialUlcersWhlteSu-eU-
lucr , Milk Lee. Fever Sorosall old gores-Verr
successful , jjy mall BO cents. J. P. ALLKX
MEDICINE CO. , Dopt.A7. St. Paul , .Minn.
land ana waterrlKhts.Gp B
GARY ACT to entry on Big \Vou4
River Project In Southern
Idaho. I&O.M an acre in 13
Annual installments. Ample water supply guaran
teed. IDAHO IRRIGATION CO. . Blchfield , Idnlux. .
\mff A IMTEn PostalSaylncsBanksotrerHJio '
ww rl I Kl chance for good paying ( juv-
rnment positions. We can train yon In short time.
WtiUrn Tralmlaz bjtttm , Dtpt. F , 4101 6ru < ! Blitl. , Chitaf -
Years too Old Pettifs LveSa
Watiion E. ColpmanWo ! h.
PATENTS Ington.D.C. Boolti f re * . If Mb-
est references. .Best rtsults.
W. N. U. , SIOUX CITY , NO. 35-1911.
Strong Healthy Women
If a woman is strong and healthy in a womanly way , moth
erhood means to her but little suffering. The trouble lies
In the fact that the many women suffer from weakness and
disease of the distinctly feminine organism and are unfitted
lor motherhood. This can be remedied.
Dr. Pierce's Favorite Prescription (
\
Cures -weaknesses and disorders of vromen
It acts directly on the delicate and important
organs concerned in motherhood , making them
iiealthy , strong , vigorous , virile and elastic *
"Favorite Prescription" banishes the indispositions of the
period of expectancy and makes baby's advent easy and
almost painless. It quickens and vitalizes the feminine
organs , and insures a healthy and robust baby. Thousands of women have
testified to its marvelous merits.
It Makes Weak Women Strong. It Makes Sick Women Well.
Honest druggists do not offer substitutes , and urge them upon you as "just
as good. " Accept no secret nostrum in place of this non-secret remedy. It
contains not a drop of alcohol and not a grain of habit-forming of injurious
drugs. Is a pure glyoeric extract of healing , native American roots.
W. L. DOUGLAS
2,50 , $3.00 , $3.50 & $4.00 SHOES
WOMEN wear W.L.Dougla stylish , perfect
fitting , easy walking boots , because they give
long wear , same as W.L.Douglas Men's shoes.
THE STANDARD OF QUALITY
FOR OVER 30 YEARS
The workmanship which has madeW. L.
Douglas shoes famous the world over is
maintained in every pair.
If I could take you into my large fa'ctories
at Brockton , Mass. , and show you how
carefully W.L.Douglas shoes are made , you
would then understand why they are war
ranted to hold their shape , fit better and
wear longer than any other make for the price
nflllTinM The genuine have W. t. Donglas
unmiun name ani price stamped on bottom
If you cannot obtain "W. I * Douglas shoes In
your town , write for catalog. Shoes sent direct ONE PAIR , of my BOYS' 82.S2.5Oor
SJSPTJ * ? > rer a11 charges prepaid. W.I. S3.OO SHOES will positively outwear
DOUGLAS , 145 Spark SU , Brocktoa , Mas * , TWO PAXES of ordinary boys' shot *
SWEEPING CROP FAILURES THIS YEAR
70,000 additional acres now open for entry under the Cary Act , at Valier ,
Montana. Works are 90 per cent , completed and are constructed under the
supervision of the Carey Land Board. 40.000 acres irrigated In 1911. Rich
soil , no drouth , Bure crops , abundant water , delightful climate. 60 bushels
wheat and 100 of oata per acre. Terms , 540.60 per acre , 15.50 cosh at time of
filing , balance In 14 yearly payments. We ask no one to file on these lands
without making a careful , personal inspection. If you are interested wrlto
for further Information to CLINTON , HuK'IT * CO. , VALIER , HONTANA.