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. EXPLODING THE MYTHS OF CAPTAIN KIDD
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Actual Facts in the Legend
ary Career of the Scotch
man Who W as Accused
: . . of Piracy and for Whose
Fabulous Buried Treas
ure Adventurers Are Still 1
Jt ,
Seeking.
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The buried treasure of Capt. Kidd
Is one of the greatest myths of mod-
ern times. Kiddte ' gold has been sought
for 200 years. The waters of bays ,
rivers and lagoons have been swept
for the hulk of his sunken ship. Quest
of the treasure of Capt. Kidd must
always be in vain , for Kidd buried
no treasure , says the Philadelphia
Ledger.
Neither of the two vessels in -which
he cruised during his years of free
roving was sunk , so there can be no
sunken hulk of Capt. Kidd's laden
with gold or otherwise.
The Adventure Galley , in which he
began his cruises , was condemned as
unseaworthy and burned at Madagas-
. _ THE MANOR HOUSE' ON GARDINER'S ISLAND.
car. His other ship the Quedah Mer-
chant , was burned at Hispaniola ( San
Domingo ) after Kidd's arrest in Bos-
ton. The sloop San Antonio , in which
Kidd came north , was seized in Bos-
ton.
Fanciful stories have been told of
Kidd's visit to Gardiner's Island and
. . his burial of treasure there. The only
authentic account of his visit there
is in the testimony of John Gardiner ,
given under oath at Boston about
three weeks \ : after Kidd's visit. . It
makes no mention of the treasure hav
ing been buried. An official abstract
of Mr. Gardiner's testimony was as
follows :
About 20 days ago Mr. Emott , of
New York : , came to his ( Gardiner's )
house and desired a boat to go to New
York ; furnished him one ; that even- .
ing he ( Gardiner ) saw a sloop ( the
San Antonio. with six guns riding off
( Gardiner's ) island ; two days after-
ward in the evening Gardiner went
on board the sloop to inquire what
she was.
When he came on board Capt. Kidd
till then unknown to him , asked him
how himself and family did ; said he
was going to Lord Bellomont at Bos-
ton , and desired him to [ carry two
negro boys and one negro girl ashore
and keep them until he returned or
his order called for them ; about ten .
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large blacksnake lying at her feet.
The frightened woman jumped back ,
catching her hair in the wire netting
overhead , while the frightened snake
glided out the other way. Mrs. Smith's
head was badly torn , some cf the hair
. being pulled out by the roots. : ,
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WOMAN HELD AT SNAKE'S MERCY
From one danger into another was
Mrs. Lydia . Smith's predicament ,
, when , in trying to escape a snake , she
caught her hair in a wire fence and
badly lacerated her scalp before she
could be extricated. Mrs. : \ Smith , who
lives in Clayton Del. , while on an out-
ing at Rehobeth , went to a small hen
house in the back yard to catch a
rhicken for dinner. As slio entered
the wire inclosed yard she found a
hours after he had taken the negroes ,
Kidd sent his boat ashore with two
bales of goods and a negro boy.
. Next morning Kidd desired Gard-
iner to come on board immediately
and bring six sheep with him for his
voyage to Boston , which he did ; then
Kidd desired him to spare a barrel of
cider , which he consented to do. Gard-
iner sent two of his men for it , and
while they were gone , Kidd offered
Gardiner several pieces of damaged
muslin and gengal as a present to his
wife. which Kidd put in a bag and
handed to him ; about a quarter of an
hour after , Kidd gave Gardiner two
or three pieces of damaged muslin for
his own use. An outline of the events
that led to Kidd's being charged with
piracy is necessary to an understand-
ing of the situation in which he now
found himself. For some years Kidd
had been a shipmaster sailing out of
New York : , and for a time had com-
manded a privateer , cruising against
the French in the 'Vest' Indies. He
was prosperous , and tradition places
in his house in Liberty street the first
Turkey carpet seen in New York. In
1695 fate ordained a change in th
life of Capt. . Kidd. In that year he
was in London. commanding the brig-
antine Antigoa , of New York , when
the King appointed Richard Coote ,
Earl of Bellomont , Governor of New
England and New York. ellomont : _
was ambitious , and saw in the sup-
pression of piracy , at which the Col-
onial Governors had been winking , a
field for personal advancement and
gain. Before leaving England he asked
that an English frigate be sent to sup-
press the pirates , and not getting it
he decided to fit out a privately owned
ship. He cast about for a captain ,
and Robert Livingston , founder of the
New York family of that name , who i
was then in London , recommended
Capt. Kidd as the proper man. Kidd
was disinclined to take the position ,
but Bellomont intimated that Kidd's
own vessel would be detained in the
Thames if he did not , and he yielded.
For two years little was heard from
the Adventure Galley , either in New
York or London , but that little was
bad. Ships brought stories that Kidd
had turned pirate. One report was
that he had taken : a great ship , the
Quedah Merchant , and had left his
own ship " to cruise as a pirate in her.
This was hard news for Capt. Kidd's
wife , faithful and anxious in their
New York home , waiting , with their
two children , for his return. It dis
turbed Kidd's noble partners also.
though for a different reason. Kidd
was compromising them. He was not
careful enough. He must be dropped.
So they sent warships to hunt him
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wrCTING I
i s TliE QNSU
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The Director of the Census is Edwin Dana Durand , Michigan : man ,
born in 1871. For two years he was legislative librarian of the New York
Scate Library. For another year he was assistant professor of administra-
tion and finance at Stanford University. From 1900 until 1902 he was
secretary of the industrial commission , and for a short time before going
to the census bureau as special expert he was instructor of economics at
Harvard.
The history of census taking in this country may be divided into three
periods , determined by fundamental acts of Congress. The first of these
extends from 1790 until 1850. During this period the Department of State
had charge of the work , while United States marshals and their assistants
supervised and collected the data. In the second period , extending from
1850 until the law of 1002 was passed , the Department of the Interior had
charge of the work. The laws of 1902 and 1903 providing for the permanent
organization and changing the bureau : from the Interior Department to that
of Commerce and Labor mark Ihe 1 beginning of the present epoch.
As early as 1810 an attempt to include in the census information per-
taining to manufactures of this country was made , though it met with little
success. The act 01' 1850 increased the objects of inquiry to include mines ,
manufactures arid agriculture , and with each succeeding decade the scope .of
inquiry has been enlarged until the mass of information has become too
heavy to handle with ease , and much of it is out of date before it is put
into available shape. The eleventh census was not published until seven
years after it was begun. The census of 1SSO appeared in 1S89. For each
enormous sums of money are spent , thousands of clerks are employed , tons
of literature distributed.
The four principal reports of the census of 1900 , those on population ,
agriculture , manufacturing and vital statistics filled ten quarto volumes ,
10,000 pages of printed matter , and with the special reports sustained the
claim that in the matter of census taking the United States leads in scope
I of inquiry , combinatibps of facts and costs incurred. I I
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as a pirate. While his backers were d
anxiously waiting to hear of his cap-
ture Kidd appeared unexpectedly in
the West Indies , where he touched at
Anguilla April 1 , 1699 , heard that he
was wanted as a pirate and now de
cided to find Bellomont and set him-
self straight if he could.
Capt. Kidd was prepared to swear
to Bellomont that he was innocent of
piracy ; that he had taken only ships
which sailed under French papers , and
that whatever acts of a piratical na
ture he had committed were by his
crew , who had mutinied , and locked
him in his cabin until the piracies
were accomplished. Kidd approached
the land first in Delaware Bay , near
Lewes , and sent ashore for supplies.
He did not go ashore here , nor did
he land any goods. A chest owned by
James Gillam , a pirate , who was ' a
passenger on Kidd's vessel from Mada-
gascar , was landed here by its owner
and placed in safe hands. Several peo-
ple who sold Kidd supplies were on
his vessel. They were later arrested
and swore Kidd landed no goods.
Kidd's movements from this point
on can be traced. He was anxious to
communicate with his wife and
friends in New York , and to that end
he steered for Long Island Sound ,
entering it at the east end and pro-
ceeding as far as Oyster Bay. Here
he went ashore and sent a messenger
to New York with a letter to James
Emott , a lawyer , and a message to
his wife. Emott , whose practice em-
braced the defense of pirates , hurried
to Oyster Bay and went on board
Kidd's sloop , which sailed at once for
Rhode Island. Here Emott was land-
ded in Narragansett Bay , probably
near Point Judith , to proceed to Bos-
ton , Lord Bellomont being there. Capt.
Kidd's advocate arrived in Boston on
June 13 , 1699 , and went at once to
Bellomont's lodgings. Bellomont prom-
ised Kidd security "if he would prove
himself as innocent as Emott said
he was. "
About June 25 Kidd headed for Bos-
ton , after taking on.a . pilot from
Rhode Island-one Benjamin Bevins.
This pilot naturally had charge of
the sloop , and no treasure could have
been landed without his knowledge.
He was later a witness for the govern-
ment. The San Antonio put in at
Tarpaulin Cove , a convenient harbor
on Vineyard Sound , and there Kidd
landed "a bale and two barrels of
goods , " which were "left with the man
there , " to be called for on his return.
The bale and barrels were duly recov-
ered , like all the rest of Kidd's prop-
erty. The value of the goods and
treasure recovered from Kidd tallies
fairly clearly with his probable share
of the total booty of his voyage , less
the goods left on the Quedah Mer
chant , which were sold by Bolton at
St. Thomas. The exact nature of the
treasure Kidd turned over to Mr. Gard-
iner is known from an inventory made
by five commissioners sent by Massa
chusetts to collect Kidd's property.
The original of this inventory still
exists. The treasure left at Gardiner's
Island was listed in it as follows :
Ounces.
No. 1 - One bag gold dust . . . . . . 60 %
No. 2 - One bag coined gold. . . . . . 11
And in it silver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
No. 3 - One bag : dust gold . . . . . . . 24 %
No. 4 - One bag , three silver rings
and sundry precious stones . . . . 4 %
One bag unpolished stones. . . . . 4 %
One pure crystal and brazer
stones , two. Cornelson rings ,
two small agates , two ame-
thysts , all in the same bag.
No. 5 - One bag silver buttons and
a lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
No. 8 - One bag broken silver . . . 173 * ! +
No. 7 - One bag gold bars . . . . . . . .35314
No. 8 - One bag gold bars . . . . . 238 %
No. 9 - One bag dust gold . . . . . . . 59 M
No. 10 - One bag silver bars . . . 212
No. 11 - One bag silver bars . . . 309
Besides this treasure the commis-
sioners seized on the San Antonio and
at Mrs. Kidd's lodgings about as much
more.
i
TURKEY GETS REVENGE'
FOR TEASING 7 YEARS AGO.
Does a turkey gobbler possess the
same .remarkable mental faculties as
does the elephant ? A turkey on the
farm of Amos Hollister , near Benton ,
Wash. , was teased into anger over
seven years ago by a little girl with \
yellow curls. The other day the same
little girl , now grown into woman-
hood , wearing the dresses of the day's
style , appeared upon the lawn of the
same farm and was attacked by a
gobbler enraged beyond all turkey
sense , and continued the fight until he
was subdued and placed in a pen.
Over seven years ago Miss Elsie Gun-
ther visited the farm of her uncle and
teased the gobbler with a cane which
had ribbons tied to it. The turkey
chased her around the barnyard.
The incident was forgotten and
school work and business kept the
niece from again visiting her uncle
until seven years had passed. Miss :
Gunther , free from school duties and
languishing for the free air of the
country , went to the Benton farm last
week. The first thing she did was to
trip across the barnyard toward the
cow pens as she had done years ago.
Before she was across the lawn a big
turkey gobbler , the same one which
attacked her seven years ago , flew at
her face and sturck her a blow that
almost threw her into a heap. The
turkey } : continued his attack until Holl
lister captured and imprisoned him.
Most Mexican cheese comes from
I
Pennsylvania native variety is
dry and of an insipid flavor I
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It is a happy coincidence that the i
year which witnessed the entrance of '
the White Star-Dominion Line Laur-
entic should also be the centenary
year of the introduction of steam
navigation on the St. Lawrence. The
idea of applying steam power to the
boats which a hundred years ago car-
ried on the limited transportation be-
tween Montreal and Quebec origin-
ated with the late Hon. John Molsoi : ; ? ,
whose name is perpetuated to-day in
one of the banking institutions of
Canada , which bears the family name.
The "Accommodation" was the name
of the Molson steamboat , and she was
built on the bank of the St. Lawrence
at Montreal in the summer of 1800.
and the event was fraught with great
importance to the trade of the coun-
try greater by far probably , than the
prime mover in its accomplishment
even dared to imagine.
The steamboat "Accommodation , "
which ushered in such an epoch mark :
ing period in the history of Canada ,
was 75 feet long on the keel and So
feet on deck. She had berths for
twenty passengers which it was prom
ised would be considerably augment-
ed the following year. She received
her impulse from an open double-
spoked , perpendicular wheel on each
side without any circular band or
rim.
In the Old Days.
In the old days hardships innumer-
able presented themselves in the land , .
journey , whilst dangers by day and
by night stared the hardy voyageurs
in the face when they made their
journey between Quebec and Mont : :
real. The heavy and swift flowing
currents of the river made the up-
ward journey very difficult , and many
laborious detours had to be made to
.
accomplish the journey.
To go on with the historical sld'i
of the narrative , it may be stated , the
Montreal Star says , uiat with all its
inconviences , the mode of travel in-
troduced by Hon. John Molson was a
success , for the following year we find
him applying to the legislature of the
Province of Quebec "for the exclu
sive right and privilege of construct-
ing and navigating a steamboat or
steamboats within the limits of the
province for a space of fifteen years. "
In 1812 he built another and larger
steamer of 130 feet keel and 24 feet
beam. The name of which vessel was
"Swiftsure. "
Following the "Swiftsure , " Mr. : :
Molson proceeded to carry out his
idea of operating a fleet of river
steamers , and the construction of
each one led to improvements in mat-
ter of size and accommodation.
Up to about 1818 a great many peo-
ple\preferred to drive in caleches over
rough roads between Montreal and
Quebec , but by that time the service
had been so greatly : improved that
the steamboats came into more gen-
eral favor.
A few years afterwards attention
was devoted to the building of power-
ful tug boats so that sailing vessels-
could be towed up the river against
the current. At one time oxen werar-
yoked up and driven to the river side. .
waiting to assist. In addition to th.5r
oxen there was one horse as leader
This system prevailed up to tlwt
year IS32. At that period wharves ; ,
did not exist ; the boats drew up to
the shore as close as possible aisfi'
made fast to piles temporarily driven
in the bank of the river.
The first records of accidents to '
steamboats in tne St. Lawrence are
those df the "Waterloo" and "John
Bull. The former foundered in Lake
St. Peter and was replaced by the
"John Bull " a fine boat 190 feet long .
which was burned in 1S3S. It was re -
lated of the latter boat that sTis
earned more money while at anchor
than while in operation. This arose
out of the fact that she burned stf
much coal that she was unprofitable ,
but while at anchor was often used as -
the official residence of His Excel
lency the Governor-General , Lord Dur-
ham. '
ham.The
The third steamboat accident of'
which there is a record , was that of
the "Montreal : : , " which was lost in a-
snow storm near Batiscan in Novenfc-
ber , 1853.
First Iron Steamers.
The first iron steamers came into
use on the St. Lawrence about 1843 ,
the pioneers of that class being the-
"Prince Albert" and "Iron Duke/ '
which were used as ferry boats be-
tween Montreal on the one side , and !
St. Lambert and Laprairie on the-
south shore. This was long before-
the Victoria Bridge was built and
passengers from the south by thti-
Champlain and St. Lawrence Railway
were landed on the south side auet :
were conveyed across the river by
these steamers. These boats we re
built in Scotland and brought out tn ,
sections , being put together in Mont '
real.
real.The
The year 1845 saw the advent of
the Richelieu Steamboat Company ; '
which was destined to play an impor-
tant part in St. Lawrence navigation .
in after years , much larger than the-
originators of the service ever
dreamed. From the modest beginning
of running some market boats to Sorel
to enable farmers to market . their
produce Montreal : : , the company has-
by steady growth and amalgamation- ,
with other companies , developed into
one with assets exceeding $4,009OGD
to its credit , and operating steamers
of all sizes , through and local , from
Lake Ontario to the Gulf of St. Law
rence. ,
SPAIN'S REVOLUT ON-A SCENE OF WRECKAGE. . II
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A TRAMWAY CAR OVERTURNED BY THE RIOTERS.
During the recent revolution , in Spain the tramway system of
Barcelona : was attacked by the rioters at many points , the track being
destroyed and cars overturned and burnt. In the fighting and rioting
women and children took a conspicuous part , for the rioters -when-
confronted with troops placed the children in the front line , the women. . .
in the second , and the men themselves formed a third. Under cover of
the women and children the men attacked the police or soldiers , who
were unable to discharge their rifles against defenceless women an.
children. '
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