ra correspondence :
AH Republicans in the United States ,
iUe torritorii's and the territorial pos-
jessions are supposed to have their
voice and vote in an assemblage known
ts a Republican national convention.
The assemblage in the Coliseum in
Chicago has its representatives from
* orty-MX States , two Territories , the
-District of Columbia , Alaska. Hawaii ,
the Philippines and Porto Kico.
The number of delegates represent
ing rac-h State is proportioned to the
population. The representation in "Con
gress is taken as a guide , and for each
member of the House of Representa
tives there are two delegates in the
ronvontion. For each United States
Senator there are two delegates also.
Thus , New York , the most populous
State in the Union , has thirty-seven
aiembors in the House of Representa
tives and two Senators , giving that
Stale twice thirty-nine , or sevcnty-
/alght delegates. And as each delegate1
the men named by the local party
leaders.
The lirst business that faces a na
tional convention is to determine who
are the properly chosen delegates en
titled to take part in its proceedings.
This question is first passed upon b ?
the national committee and is Inter
passed upon by a committee on creden
tials appointed by the delegates who
are first seated in the convention.
The party's national committee is
made up of a member from each State
and Territory. Tbe committeemen are
chosen hi' each State delegation and
announced at the close of the national
convention's work.
3Incl iiiery of tlie Convention.
An interesting group of men will
start the machinery of the Republican
convention at the Coliseum. Harry S.
New , chairman of the National Com
mittee , will be the first official to face
the mass of delegates and spectators
ed always with a round of appreciative
applause. Tliero Trill be a lengthy list
of assistant clerks celebrated for
strength of voice and ability as read
ers. These ollicials of the convention
r//fl be Attorney Thomas Williamson ,
of Edwardsville. 111. , and George A.
Wilson , of Des Moincs , Ii. :
Asher C. Hinds , who will be parlia
mentarian , hails from Washington , D.
C. He nets as coach on parliamentary
tangles to Speaker Cannon , and he per
formed similar services for Speakers
Beed and Henderson. Hinds is the
best posted authority on parliamentary
law in the country , and his knowledge
of precedents will be of invaluable serv
ice to the presiding officers.
William F. Stone , of Baltimore , ser-
geant-at-arms , will be an important fig
. As serireant-at-arms of the
ure. - - Na
tional Committee the bulk of tTie work
of preparing for the convention has
fallen on his shoulders. In the conven
tion he will be responsible for the work
HEN PROMINENT IN THE WORK OF THE REPUBLICAN NATIONAL CONVENTION
-casts bis vote individually , the more
populous States have the greater voice
in the doings of the convention.
Next to New York , Pennsylvania is
the most populous State , and has the
second largest delegation in the convTfn-
tion , casting sixty-eight votes. Other
large delegations arc : Illinois , 04 ;
Ohio. 40 ; Missouri and Texas , 3G each ;
Alassadiusetts , 32 , and Indiana , 30.
The Territories and possessions are
oil put on the same basis , and are given
two votes each in the convention. Thus ,
vrhile they have no voice in the actual
selection of a President , they have a
alight voice in the deliberations of the
body which nominates.
The choice of delegates to a national
-convention is accomplished by what
is known as the machinery of the vol
untary party organization. When the
Constitution was adopted , and the of
fice of President created , there was no
idea of a national party , like the Re
publican party , or the Democratic par
ty , in the minds of the members of the
constitutional convention. The people
fcave \ \ orked out the scheme of holding
-a national convention and nominating
party candidates without any national
or constitutional law to guide them.
-Consequently the system is rather
ragged at the edges.
In theory the two delegates from
ach congressional district are chosen
at district conventions , made up of
-delegates who are themselves chosen
by primary elections. All members of
the party in good and regular stand
ing are supposed to vote at these pri
mary elections. Often the public at
large pays no attention to these pre-
llminary steps , and the delegates
chosen at the district conventions are
when he calls the convention to order.
The National Committee calls the con
vention , and makes all arrangements
for it , and it naturally devolves upon
the committee chairman to start the
proceedings. New haibs from Indian
apolis , where he formerly published
a newspaper inherited from his noted
father , lie has been vice chairman of
the committee and was promoted when
Chairman Cortelyou entered the cabi
net of President Roosevelt. Bishop
P. ,7. Muldoon will offer the opening
prayer. Elmer Dover , secretary of the
National Committee , who rose to fame
and influence under the tutelage of the
late Senator Hanua and by the force
of his ewn ability , will read the official
call for the convention.
Mr. New will then introduce Senator
J. C. Burrows , of Michigan , as tem
porary chairman of the convention.
Burrows was born in Northeast , Pa. ,
and lives in Kalamazoo , Mich. He was
an officer in the civil war and has
since been much in office. He was
elected to the lower branch of Congress
nine times and has been in the Sen
ate since 1S9.1. Burrows will deliver
a long speech , which will probably be
the keynote of the campaign. Follow
ing the Burrows speech will come the
selection of the other temporary offi
cers. John R. Malloy , of Ohio , will be
chosen general secretary. lie was long
clerk of the Ohio House of Represent
atives and is known at national con
ventions as the man "with the voice. "
They might better make it "the man
with the marvelous voice. " Amid the
greatest convention confusion the
strong , clear { ones of Malloy always
carry to the limits of the hall. And
when Malloy lifts liis voice he is greet- j
of ticket takers and ushers and for
the preservation of order.
The temporary organization includes
also a small force of stenographic re
porters under M. W. Bloomenberg , as
sistant sergeant-at-arnis , and messen
gers.
JULIUS CAESAR BURROWS.
Temporary Chairman of the Repub
lican National Convention.
Julius Caesar Burrows , temporary
chairman of the Republican national
convention , has been for many years
prominently before the public of the
United States. lie is 71 years old and
has been in politics since the year 1804 ,
when he was elected prosecuting attor
ney of Kalamazoo County , Michigan.
His career as a Congressman began in
1S73 , and he has been Senator from
Michigan since 1S93.
On the presumption that the say
ing "Nothing succeeds like success"
holds good in politics , there must be
much satisfaction to Mr. Burrows In
looking back over his long record , lie
has been uniformly successful in what
ever he has undertaken to do.
While the Senator is regarded as a
conservative , his course has been main
ly in accord with the policies of Pres
ident RoosevelF. Senator Burrows was
in thp Forty-ninth. Fiftieth. Fifty-first.
Fifty-second , Fifty-third and Fifty-
fourth congresses and resigned in lS9. i
to succeed the late Senator Stock-
bridge. He was re-elected in 1SOO and
again in 190. > . On the latter occasion
his .great popularity was attested when
he received the vote of every member
of the Legislature.
SENATOR LODGE.
Permanent Chairman of the Repub
lican National Convention.
For the second time Senator Hsnty
Cabot Lodge , of Massachusetts , has
been selected permanent chairman of a
Republican national convention. He
was the permanent chairman of the
1900 convention in Philadelphia -md
was chosen for a similar position in
the convention this year at Chicago.
.Senator Lodge and President Rooso-
v Mt have been fast friends for yeirs ,
although they have not always br ; n
in entire accord on all matters. The
Senator before his election to the Unit
ed States Senate , in ISO. , , bad seivtl
several terms in the House oRepre
sentatives. 11 is present term iu tlie
Senate will not expire until 1011. He
is one of the influential men of the
Senate and one of the best posted upon
legislative affairs. Legislature is his
piofession and he has contributed
lrirely to the treasury of Amicnn
history. Senator Lodge is a native of
the Old Bay State , a graduate of Har
vard and a lawyer. He was a mem
ber of the Commission on Alaskaii
Boundary appointed by President
Roosevelt.
national Republican 'convention
this year is tin * fourteenth held since the
organisation of the Republican party in
1S.G and the seventh to meet in Chicago.
Six of the thirteen conventions which have'
passed into history have been hold in
Chicago and thiec in Philadelphia , where
the imrt.'s first candidate , Gen. John C.
Fremont of California , was nominated.
Baltimore. Cincinnati , St. Ixmis and Min
neapolis have each had the honor of
entertaining , the Republican delegates
once. All but two of the conventions have
boon called in June. The conventions of
ISliO and I8GS , which nominated Lincoln
and ( Irant. were held in May.
Tv.'o conventions made memorable by
the Ieigth of their session * were those of
ISSO and 1SSH. Both of the.se met in
Chicago , the first las-tin ; ; from June 2 to
June S. Three day.s of the 1SSO conven
tion \\ere spent in perfecting the organ
ization. The fight for the nomination of
Grant for third term being on. thirly-.sk
ballots \veie taken before a dark here
candidate. Jume.s A. Gnrlield of Ohio , was
nominated. The comention of 1888 was
in session six days , and nineteen candidates
dates- , the largest number ever before a
Republican contention , received votes be
fore Benjamin Harrison was chosen on
the eighth ballot.
Twice in ihe historof the party but
one candidate has been presented for the
two offices voted upon. In 1000 William
MeKinley was unanimously renominatcd
for President on the first ballot. For
Vice President Theodore Roosevelt was
unanimously nominated on the first bal
lot. In 1001 the same unanimity pre
vailed. The only names presented were
those of Roosevelt for President and
CHICAGO.
Charles W. Fairbanks of Indiana for Vice
President. Each was therefore unani
mously nominated on the fir.st ballots.
The conventions of 1SUS and 1872 jrave
Grant the full vote on the first ballot ,
but the vote for Vice President was di
vided. Other Republican presidential
candidates who have been nominated on
the first ballot are Fremont , 1S. (5 ( ; Lin
coln. 1SG4 : Grant. 1SUS and 1S72 ; Ben
jamin Ilanison. 1S')2 : William McKinley -
ley , IS'.XJ and 1900. and Theodore Reese
velt. 1M)4. ! William L. Dayton of New
Jersey. Fremont's running mate ; William
A. Wheeler of New York , named with
Hayes in 1S7G. and Whitelaw Reid , who
went down to defeat with Benjamin Harrison
risen in 1S92. share with Theodore Roosevelt
velt and Charles W. Fairbanks the honor
of having received the vice presidential
nomination by a uminimous vote of the
convention on the lir t formal ballot.
Thrice within the fifty-two years of its
history the party has had to face die
problem of disaffection manifested in
double conventions. Since the convention
of l.SSO. no attempt to enforce the unit
rule has been made. The convention o
18St rejected the candidate selected by
the national committee as temporary
chairman and chose another.
Hannah Butts. , 2 years old. formerly
a cook for the YanderbilN. Belmonts and
Asters at their Newport and New Y'ork
establishment- , committed suicide by
haniring at her home in Dover , Ohio. De
spondeucy caused by a crippled hand ,
which prevented her following her calling ,
at which she had earned $4.000 a year , is
said to Slave been * the cause.
Coal miners and operators of the east
ern district of Ohio reached a two years'
agreement at Cleveland after a stormy
session. All differences were amicably
adjusted and work in all mines will be re
sumed. Ten thousind miners are directly
affected.
Nurses nt the Toronto ( Canada ) fren-
eral hospital ha\e ask'-d for an eight-hour
ilny.
Oklahoma haa passed a law empowering
the Stale Labor Commission to fix wages
in all industries.
The Governor of Porto Rico has rec-
ommende'd to the Legislature a law creat
ing a labor bureau on the island.
Wif4 is of iron and steel workmen in
the northern and northeast British dis-
trict.s hnu been reduced 2'.j ' to > per
cent.
Fifty \ears a 'O the wages of engineers
and nrt.sjins in England was only 12 cents
an hour ; now casual laborers can demand
and et 14 cents an hour.
Theie is a movement to organize all tj 1
unskilled workinjrmen of Montreal. Can. ,
into a bis ; federation along the lines of
tiie Knights of Labor , which existed in
iliat citi about twenty years ago.
'Hie Carpenters' District Council of
Boston. Mass. . has elected a trial commit
tee , which will henceforth hear and ad
judicate all trade matters tli.it arise be
tween the thirty-foil'- affiliated unions o
the council.
The Operative Plrt.-it irrs * International
Asso-ijition is enjoying a steady growth.
The latest report from the international
body show.s that there are now 2KJ unions
i.nder its direction hi the United States
and Canada.
, At the present time the labor bodies in
Newfoundland have under consideration
two great projects the estiblishm"iit of
a fishermen's protective union and the
federation of nil the unions under ona
supreme council.
The Bakers' Union of San Francisco ,
f'a ! . , has appointed a committee to pre-
paiv a recommendation to the interna
tional convention that i to meet in Octo
ber to erect a home- for aired and disabled
members of the organization.
The Minnesota State Federation of La
bor will petition the prison hoard to dis
continue slioomakinsr at the State peniten
tiary as soon as practicable , and repre
sentatives of the Boot and 'Shoe Workers'
Uniou are now preparing the appeal.
Under authority of the American Fed
eration of Labor , and within the jurisdic
tion of the International Alliance of The
atrical Stasre Employes , enrollment haa
bcjrtm in a local to be known as the Pic
ture Machine Operators of Greater New
York.
Labor unions were almost unknown in
Newfoundland up to 1S92. Then the only
organization for the protection of the
employed waa the T.\poirraphical Union.
Since then , and especially of recent years ,
unions and societies have sprung up on
all sides.
The Scottish Trades Union Congress
passed resolutions in favor of old-age pen
sions and in favor of compulsory interven-
t'on in labor disputes. The iratherinjr was
very hazy about labor representation , but
wished a labor policy for the benefit of
work people.
According to Mrs. Henrietta L. Good-
rin. secretary of the Woman's Educational
and .Industrial Union of Boston. Ma.ss. ,
the increase in housework wages in the
last five years , as shown by the records of
the Domo-tic Reform League , is as great ,
if not greater , than in any other line of
\ \ ork.
In the matter of factory inspection and
i'ie ' health and safety of employes le is-
lathe action was taken in thirty-nine
States and territories last year. These
include" all States in which mining or
Manufacturing employs a considerable
number of persons. In fourteen States
new enactments touching upon this sub
ject weie written into the statutes.
In San Francisco. Cal. . there is a move-
in-'tit to organize all the laborers of the
several departments of the municipality
into a new union. The men of the fire department -
partment have asked the Labor Council
tor information upon tlie subject of form
ing a union , to work on lines similar to
the various unions affiliated with the
( ouncil.
At Norlhfield St. Olaf college defeated
the Luther college baseball team in a
fast game by a .score of 4 to 0.
Tired after their long trip away from
home , the Fargo college boys fell before
the Ilamlin * team at Norton field , St.
1'a'il. by a score of 14 to S. The game
was listless and neither team displayed
much ginger.
In stalling Powers Bros. ' Newguile
was knocked almost to his knees at To
ronto. Foley quickly pulled him together
and after running an eighth of a mile
the horse stumbled and fell on his head ,
breaking his neck.
August Belmont heads Uie list of win
ning owners in England , his Worses having
piled up a total of about $30.000 in the
last six week-- . Richard Croker is second
in the list with $2S.OOO. while Lord Rose-
bery is third with only $10.000.
With Ed. ( 'arson , the little south-paw ,
pitching .shutout ball. Macalester closed
its 1908 baseball > f-ason In defeating the
fv > st Fargo college team by a score of 3
to 2. The game was full of plays worthy
of being features and was fast and cl " - *
With the sale of Hazel Atlantic , a
promising . " > -year-old. the once noted Cent-
livre biothers' racing stables , of Fort
Wayne , hid. , are closed out and the men
will abandon the racing game. The mare
was .sold to Lloyd Weaver of New Haven ,
Conn.
President A. L. A. Himinel Wright of
the United States Revolver Association ,
has announced that four experts of this
country will he sent to the Olympic gamete - *
to take part in the international competi
tion of July 9 wifeh the pistol and re
volver. Trial competitions are open w
every citizen of this country.
CHICAGO.
Commercial defaults make the best ex
hibit in a long time and credits generally
are tiie cause of little adverse comment.
JL comparatively lower volume of pay
ments through the banks appears- , owing
to the vroek including only live business
days , but the daily average Ls better than
recently shown.
Railroad returns continue falling be
hind those at this time last \ear. and tha
offerings of heavy freight from the milla
and factories remain light. There is ,
however , heavier forwarding of farm i/ro-
ducts. and trade makes further resixmso
to more settled weather , although evi
dences of curtailed production diminish
rather slowly and notable demands in the
leading industries yet make a meager ad
vance.
A strengthening influence in current op
erations is the healthier tone which per
vades iron .and steel and gradually in
creasing outputs in metal and wood work
ing lines.
Financial provision against future needs
is made less of a problem by greater easa
in the money market , and mil mad man
agers now give more attention to track
and equipment requirements , the prospect
brightening for commitments which
should soon stimulate activity.
Distributive dealings remain very satis
factory in staple merchandise , wholesale
orders lx ing numerous for warm weather
goods , and both local and1 country retail
sales have risen to a seasonable extent.
Mail orders from outside i > oints for fall
and winter goods come forward freely.
High prices for grain enrich the agri
cultural interests- , and crop reports indi
cate gratifying progress under the pre
vailing ideal weather.
The total movement of grain at this
port , 7.4G0.790 bushels , compares with
S , . > 49.r,7 < > bus-hols last week and 7.208,480
bushels in 1907. Compared with last year
there is iucrea.se in receipts of 7.G p r
cent , and decrease in shipments of 1.0
per cent.
Live stock receipts are again remark
ably low , 199.309 'head , comparing with.
242,620 head last week and 223,571 head
lost year.
Bank clearings , $210,32G,721 , are 20.5
per cent under those of corresponding
week in 1907. Failures reported in th
Chicago district numl > er 22 , agains-t 23
last week and 29 a year ago. Those with
liabilities over $3,000 number o , against
S last week and G in 1907. Dun's Rfr * .
view.
NEW YORK.
Irregular weather conditions , with
hea\y rainfalls Northwest. Southwest and
South , liave given an uneven appearance
to retail trade reports. Reports from
wholesale lines and from leading indus
tries are , however , more cheerful. House
trade iu fall goods is reported light , but
traveling men are sending in better or
ders , though conservatism rules in tha
buying.
Reports as to industrial resumptions at
full time are more numerous in cotton
goods and allied textile lines , more than
offsetting reports of shut-downs , and there
are more iron furnaces and coke ovens
reported going to work.
Collections still reflect the quiet trada
doing in backward payments. Money la
easy , but the inflow from the country to
the large centers is slaclring off percepti
bly.
Business failures for the week ending
June 4 number 22. ) in the United States- ,
the smallest total re-ported for any wepk
since October last , and compared _ with
2G3 last week , 133 in the like week ofc
3907 , 1G2 in 19XJ. 191 in 1UW and 171
in 1904. Business failure for tlr > week
ending June 1 number 32 in Canada ,
against 31 last week and IS last y ar.
Bradstreet's Commercial Report. f
Chicago Cattle , common to prime
$4.00 to $7.73 ; hogs , prime hcuvy , $4.00
to $3.33 ; sheep , fair to choice. $3.00
to $3.00 ; wheat. No. 2. 95c to 97c ;
corn , No. 2 , 70e to 71c : oats , standard ,
31c to 32c : rye. No. 2. 7Sc to SOc ; hay ,
timothy. $9.30 to $13.30 ; prairie. $ S.CO
to $11.30 ; butter , choice creamery. 20a
to 23c ; eggs , fresh. 12c to IGc ; potatoes ,
new , per bushel , $1.02 to $1.03.
Indianapolis Cattle , shipping , $3.00 | j
to $7.00 ; hogs , good to choice heavy ,
$3.30 to $3.GO ; sheep , common to prime ,
$3.00 to $4.70 : wheat , No. 2. 99c to
$1.00 ; corn , No. 2 white , G3c to G3c ; oats.
No. 2 white , 31c to 32c.
St. Louis Cattle. $4.30 to $7.13 : hogs ,
$4.00 to $3.30 : sheep. $3.00 to $1.73 5
wheat , No. 2. $1.00 to $1.01 ; corn. No 2.
73c to 7ic ; oats. No. 2 , 31c to 53c ; rys.
No. 2 , 79c to SOc.
Cincinnati Cattle , $4.00 to $ G.73 ;
hogs. $4.00 to $3.30 : sheep. $3.00 to
$4.30 : wheat. No. 2. 97c to 9Sc ; corn.
No. 2 mixed. 73c to 74c : oats. No. 2
mixed , 32c to 33c ; rye. No. 2. FAc to SGc.
Detroit Cattle , $4.00 to $0.00 ; hogs ,
$4.00 to $3.GO : iVep. $2.30 to $4.30 ;
wheat , No. 2. 93c to 9Gc ; corn. No. 3
yellow , 73c to 77c : oats. No. 3 white ,
54c to 3Gc : rye. No. 2. S3c to S4c.
Milwaukee Wheat. No. 2 northern ,
$1.0S to SI.10 ; corn. No. 3. 72c to 73c ;
oats , standard. 33c to 33c : rye. No. 1 ,
79c to SOc : barley. No. 2. 64c to G3cf
pork. mess. $13.72.
Buffalo Cattle , choice chipping < : tor > rg ,
$4.C < " ) to $7.03 : hogs , fair to choice. $4.00
to $3.SO : sh'-ep. common to good mi pd ,
$ LOO to $3.:0 : : ; lambs , fair to choice ,
$3.00 to $ i.ca. ;
New York Cattle.U)0 to $ G.90 ;
hogs$3.30 to $ G.t > 0 : sheep. $3. < * > to
$3.00 ; wheat. No. 2 red. SI.00 to $1.01 ;
corn. No. 2 , 7 < > c to 77c : oats , natural
white. "Sc to GOc : butter , creamery , 21o
to 2keggs , western. 13c to IGc.
Toledo Wheat , No. 2 mixed. 9Gc to-
97c ; corn. No. 2 mixed , 73c to 73cj
oats , No. 2 mixed , 33c to 34c ; rye , No.
2 , Sic to S3c ; clover seed , October , $7.50 ,
