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About Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930 | View Entire Issue (April 9, 1908)
s m 2Go-J First settlement in Maryland , that of tfi. Mary's , founded Lord P.al- tinmrt-'K first colony lauded in Mary- laud. 9GK2 Public inauguration of omnibuses in Paris under a royal decree of Louis NIV. 371 ! ) Spanish armada dispersed by a storm. ti.741France declared war against Eng land. * 170U Stamp act repealed by the British Parliament. 1S01 Louisiana territory divided into two sections by act of Congress. 1SOG France restored the old relations with the little republic of Andorra , in the Pyrenees. ' 3S12 New Spanish constitution promul gated by the Cortes. 1S1R United States Congress granted pensions to needy veterans of the Revolutionary war. 1S20 Bank of New Brunswick incorpo- > rated. 1S30 First issue of the Philadelphia Public Ledger. IS 50 Charles Albert of Sardinia abdi cated in favor of his son , Victoi Emmanuel. 5.851 France declared war against Rus sia. ISoS Nicaragua placed herself undci the protection of the United States. 18(50 Japanese embassy , first to leave Japan , arrived at San Francisco. . . . Treaty of Turin ; by which France acquired Savoy and Nice. 1SG3 Prin n William George of Den mark elected King of Greece. 1SGS Admiral Farragut received by the Pope at Rome. 1871 French National assembly met at Versailles. 2.S74 Fiji Islands ceded to Great Brit ain. 3578 British warship "Eurydice" ' foun dered. ISSo Rebels of Northwest Canada de feated Major Crozicr at Duck Lake. ISS7 Dakota suffered heavy loss through' floods. \ IS91 The Canadian Pacific completed between Montreal and Vancouver. ISO-1 Coxey's * 'aruiy * ' moved from Mas- silion to Canton , Ohio. 1805 Sixty miners killed in explosion at Evanston. Wyo. JLS.HS Port Arthur "leaser to Russia. 7.905 William Warner elected United States Senator from Missouri . Fifty-eight persons killed by boiler explosion in factory at Brockton , Mass United States took charge of the revenues of Santo Domingo. 10CC Two hundred and fifty men killed in a coal mine at Nagasaki , Japan. 1907 Twenty-six persons killed in Southern Pacific train wreck near Colton , Cal. The Russian duma has adopted unani- motley an interpellation asking M. Ko- kovsoff. the finance minister , to explain his icasons for inducing the emperor to issue a ufcase about the end of January authorizing an international loa i of § 5x- ! ) 000.000 in violation of a provision of thc fundamental law requiring the sanction ol the duma in all budget operations. The Belgian Parliament received from King Leopold's ministers a new annexation - ! tion treaty in which tl-e king agrees to abandon the crown domain in the Congo Free State , provided that Belgium as sume obligations amounting to $21,000 , * OOO , continue the king's use of the Congo revenues for life , and respect the Ameri- * au concessions of IfHMI. with which Thomas F. Rjan is identified. Prince Lndwig Menelik of Abyssinia has been expelled from Germany as an j undesirable foreigner. The prince is a near relative of the King of Abyssinia , and a negro. lie was born at Addis Abeda. and for a long time past he has been making unsuccessful efforts to or ganize companies for the exploitation of mines , rubber and cotton , in the king dom of his relative. He has been charg ed repeatedly with drunkenness and dis orderly conduct in various parts of Ger many. The Yaqui Indians are again killing miners in Mexico. They have extended' ' their operations into districts where' Americans are numerous. Mexican troops are pursuing them. f Tlie sweeping concessions made by King Leopold in the new treaty which pro vides for the annexation of the Congo In dependent State to Belgium are attribut ed to his dread of British intervention , backed by the United States. The king , ' it is declared , would rather run the risk ! of facing an international accounting of his stewardship than the former contin gency. Census Bureau Figures Show o Decrease in Tuberculosis \ Deaths in 1906. GAUGES IS 01T THE INCREASE. Table of Mortality Hates Announced l > y Gfflcials of Department at 'y/nchiiiten. .Mortality statistics compiled by the census bureau , according to a report recently < issued by rhe government , show a decreasein the death rate among those aillictcd with tuberculosis and meningitis and an increase in the mortality irom cancer diseases , typhoid fever , whooping cough and violence. Tlu > rt'part covers-all mortality statis- ti-.s in the fifteen registration States ; i2iil the District of Columbia and in si'VC'iily-Si'vi'ii cities in non-registration States for the years r.)07 and 190G. Tlu- causes of death , wit'h their ratrs , for TJOti , ranked according to the number of deaths for each 100,000 , are as follows : Tuberculosis of lungs I. i9.4 1'iuMimonia ( including broncho- I pneumonia ) 149.0 ! I It-art disease l.'SO.T , 1 > iarrho a and enteritis 122.9 Violence 120.9 j iSnght's disease ami nephritis 119.8 Apoplexy 71. ? Caiuvr 70.8 Premature birth 34.8 < ld age 31.3 ronirenital debility 34.2 Typhoid fever 32.1 HrouchitJs 30.3 Diphtheria and croup 2G.3 Meningitis 2. > .Q While a part of the decrease in the number of deaths from tuberculosis shuwn in 190G as against 1905 is due to the inclusion among the registra tion States of several with a low mor tality rate from this disea.se. there was also noticeable a noteworthy decrease in tin. ' oltl registration area. Of the ti.ial number of deaths 3G,032 were shown to be Liales and 29.09 : females , Mic ago of greatest mortality among males ranging from 2. > to 29 and among females from 20 to 24 years. South D.ikota and Michigan showed the low- " -'t mortality among the States , while L'"lurado and California had the high- SL Neither of the latter States show- Mi au ! ncrra. o in the disease among th ? native population. Nejv York had UK * highest mortality rate among the . -ilii-s. that rate being .103 in 190G , as compared with oI G in 1'JOo. Cancer was the cause of 29,020 I aths in 3 HOG. of which 11.1GG were males and 17.sr t females. The age of /reutest mortality from this disease is het vcen the ages of GO-nnd G4. Cali fornia showed the highest death rate and New Jersey the lowest , while Bos ton led all the large cities. Practically all of the increase in the mortality from typhoid fever cornea jvith the inclusion of new registration . < ites. This rate was 2ij in 1905 and 32 in 100 < ; . Pennsylvania and Colorado showed the highest death rate from lyphoid. while Massachusetts and llhotle Island had the lowest. Pitts- V.iriand Allegheny , Pa. , lead the reg- i.srrarkm cities in mortality from t ; . id-old. The total number of deaths in the .itiiv registration area for 190G from ; .ll forms of violence was 49.oo2 , cor- r. ; ( Hiding to a death rate of 120.9 per 1 < i . ) ( , ( ) of estimated population. The , " -ath rate from suicide apparently -h.nved a large increase for each year of the period from 1902 to 1905 and a de'Tease for 1900. Deatuis from accidental Iraumatlsmsr numbered 20.S42 , and the rate was 50. & per 100,000 of population ; the corre- sjjoiuling r.ite for 1905 was 42.1. Deaths from steam railroad accidents and injuries for the registration area numbered 7.090. and 1S3 were due to automobile accidents. ( Jirl's Xerve-Knckinjr experience. A midnight battle with three score infuriated blood-suckin.'c bats , which as sailed her from all sides , was an experi ence which came recently to Miss Alice L. Earle of South Norwalk , Conn. Attacked in bed in the middle of the night. Miss Earle jumped up in alarm , only to bo more generally attacked by the vampires. Her nerves stood her in good stead , for she wrapped a bed covering about her head and body , rushed from the room , slammed the door , and fainted in the arms of her maid. Miss Earle was spending the winter in San Antonio , Texas. Contrary to ths custom of these parts , she threw open her window. During the night a ter rific thunder storm arose , which drove the bats into Hi" room. When daylight came the attendants of the hotel en tered the room and killed sixty-one bati ljn ; Francisco tJrnftiiiK Coincident with the liberating of Sehmitz and Uuef. the convicted San Francisco grafters , a number of the po lice ofi'iccrs under the5 present adminis tration have been caught with marked money taken to protect divekeepers in Chinatown. f Truants I'unisliecl. Five fathers and one mother of truant ichool children were sentenced to one day jn jail and a fine of ? 5 by a Chicago jus tice and warrants for other parents were oat < WORK OF Tin1 Senate \\as not in session Satur- ilay. But little progress was made in tlio House in considering tlie agricultural bill. i'he discu.s.si m divclt mainly upon the pro posed estabiishniont of federal standards of cotton srrades and federal inspection of grains , Consideration of the bill had not been concluded when the 1 1 OHM * adjourned ( ill Monday. 1 Th < passage of a large 'irimhor ' of of minor importance and afi extended discussion rf a measure to juithorix" tie ! lammi : } of tit'1 Sns'.ke Kivi-r. Ws'shi'iir- ton. occupied the entire time of the Sen ate .Monday. The e sion was brought tea a sudden close by lack of a quorum. Charges of a serious nature against ( Jif- ford I'inchot. chief of th < > forestry bu reau. were mad" in the House by Messrs. Smith of California and Mondell of W\o- ming. during the consideration of the ag ricultural appropriation bill. Mr. Smith accused him of entering into a secret un derstanding with the City of Los Angeles with the view to securing the city valua ble water rights in the Owens River Val ley as airainst the interests of private parties having prior claims. Mr. MOM- dell denounced him for. as he charged , il legally paying the expenses of forest ofli- cials in attending conventions in the \Vest. The bill was under discussion all day. f * _ _ Nearly Hie entire session of the Scnatt Tuesday was consumed in consideration of a bill to permit the building of a dam on the Snake river , Washington , and an adjo'irnmeut was only reached after Mr. Ileyburn of Idaho announced that IIP would not i i-rmit aotc to be taken. 1 Miring thrt discussion of the bill Senator Teller made a speech against executive encroachmcn- . Several bills of minor importance w-re passed. After ha\iri : undergone many changes , the paragraph mf the agricultural appropriation bill re- 'ati'.i to the bureau of forestry , was finally pa ed by the House. Messrs. Mon'-ell of Wyoming and Smith"of Cali fornia continued their attacks on the bu reau. supported by Messrs. Bon.uige of Colorado and O.shmau of Washington. These embraced charges ( hat the bureau had created timber monopolies in favor of larire corporations , illegally assumed jur isdiction over water rights belonging to the Western States , and jugsled/with / fig ures in order to obtain lartie appropria tions from Consents. The appropriation for the investigation of soils was in creased. The passage of a bill authorizing the ' on- : ruction of a dam across the Snake River in the State of Washington , and the consideration of a measuiv for adju- 'dicatiug the claims of States airainst the government account of the disposition of the proc.-eds of public lands , occupiel nearly the entire session of the Senate Wednesday. Debate of the agricultural appropriation bill in the House wa- de void of the charges And imputations whk-h marked its consideration Mon- f "day and Tuesday. More progress was made with the measure than on any pro- \ ions day. The discussion dwelt on n ' for an incivased appropria tion for the farmers' bulletins , whi h , 'however ' , was refund , and the .subject ol inquiries into road building , etc. . by tiis lenartment. the trend of opinion b"inq that such work should be encouraafd. ! Tli" session was opened with a bitter attack - [ tack on Attorney General Bonaparte by f.Mr. Clark of Florida , who denounced Him ' TS bei'ijr uo lawyer , and unfit to hold SsN joftVe. The occasion for the utterance was the reporting out of committee of a [ resolution by Mr. Clark calling for n ( statement of the expense connected with j peonage investigations and prosecutions. | That the resolution v.as simply a further iirt unnecessary attack on the Atn.rr.i-- ' General by Mr. C'lark was the declara tion of Mr. Caul field of Misouri , who led the opposition. The revolution was la sted. \ The session of the Senate Thursday , vas largely consumed by discussion of n bill to reorganize the public school svs- tem in the District of Columbia by plac ing it under the control of a director ap pointed by the national commissioner of education. The bill relating to tlie set- Clement of claims of States on account of ; 'the ' disposition of public lands was a-rain taken up and the Bacon amendment for settling the accounts of owners of cotton ceized by the government during the Civil 'War. ' amounting to $ r .000. < l)0. ( ) was con sidered , but \\ithout results , either on the bill or the amendment. The Senate ad journed until Monday. Carrying a total af $ n.r > OSSOG. the agricultural appropria- tum bill was passed by the House. Dur ing the debate a brief flurry was created by Mr. Harrison of New York , a Demo crat. characterising as socialistic the bill if Minority Leader Williams providing for the utilization of the treasury surplus in the construction and improvement of roads in the several States. With the ag ricultural bill out of the way. the Demo crats , under the leadership of Mr. Wil liams. conducted a successful filibuster against the transaction of any further business. At 10:10 : p. in. a motion to adjourn until Friday was forced through by the majority. NATIONAL CAPITAL NOTES. The Cullom bill , providing for an ad dition to the land at Fort Sheridan. 111. , passed the Senate. The government of the little African republic of Liberia * has appealed to America to protect her territorial integ rity against France. The House committee on navy affairs lecided to report favorably the bills in- reduced by Mr. Butler of Pennsylvania and establishing the 'rank of machinists in the navy as warrant ofliccrs. and in- 'reasing the pay of mates to § 1,200 at jea , 91.1 HO on shore and $960 on leave 3r waiting orders. The bill introduced by Mr. Mann of Illinois to regulate commerce in adul- .erated nnd misbrnndcd seed and to pre- rent the sale or transportation thereof , vas reported favorably to the House by : he committee on interstate and foreign winuierce. DEEP WATEH'/AY TO THE QUIT The Mississippi River Commission Favors Project. A deep waterway between Chicagc and the gulf seems to be one of the possibilities of the uear future. The , project has been discussed for many years , but now at length it seems to be ripening to a head. The Mississippi River Commission , in a report now in the hands of the Secretary of War , proposes to go ahead1 with that portion of the lakes-to-the- gulf deep waterway which lies within its jurisdiction on the Mississippi River. The members believe that it will be both economical and in the j line of permanency for them to adopt i immediately a deep waterway project. } and in future work ha\e that big n- terprise in mind instead of temporary bank revetment , desultory dredging and sporadic attempts to clear certain harbors. The report recommends that the Secretary of AV.ir asks Congress to give the commission a million of dollars a year for three years , in ad dition to the sum now at the disposal of the commission , and with this amount permanent work on the deep waterway can go forward. The commis sion now has at its disposal the sum of $2,000,000 a year for three years , and it holds in the report to the Sec retary of War that it cannot expend the $0.000,000 already authorized by Congress in an economical way if there- is ever any thought of building a deep waterway. Tlie real significance of this recom mendation from the Mississippi Itivcr j Commission lies in the fact that three members of the commission are alsa members of the Board of Survey , which was authorized at the last session or Congress to .study the whole situation. It is believed that tlie board will be in readiness to make its report in October or November and that it will recommend a 22-foot channel from St. Louis to the sea. With the Mississippi I Iliver Commission already committed to a deep waterway from Cairo to the gulf and the prospect of an intelli gent , comprehensive and technical re port on the project from St. Louis to the gulf , there is every reason for be lieving that initiatory legislation for the deep waterways will be secured at this session of Congress. As is gen erally known a survey has already been made and a complete report is in the possession of the government for that portion of the deep waterway from Chicago through the drainage canal , Des Plaines and Illinois rivers to St. Louis. With a Board of Survey outlining the plan for the entire distance , ap propriations will be sought for the im mediate starting of the work. The average length of life of a trades. I man is two-thirds that of a farmer. I The union movement is beginning ta make rapid strides among the farm labon ; ers in Ireland. Union printers of the country hav contributed $12,977.70 to the Gumming * memorial fund. The Women's Trade League is planning to get all of the 0,000,000 American working women into labor unions. Literature published by the A. P. of L , is to be translated into Yiddish , to bq used for educational purposes among im migrants. Strong pressure has been exerted by manufacturers on Gov. Ilarris of Ohio to veto the Reynolds child labor bill , now passed by both houses. William D. IlayTvood is no lunger sec retary and treasurer of the Western Fed eration of Labor. Ernest Mills has been appointed to that position by the execu tive board. The Legislative Council of Victoria , Australia , has excluded clerks , carters and drivers , stablemen , firewood carters and other workers from the benefits of wage boards. In order to carry on a labor war against the Western Federation of Min ers at Fairbanks , Alaska , agents in Port land , Ore. , are offering employment to 2,000 men at ? 5 a day to go to work in the North. The National Rc.ilway Trackmen are planning for the establishment of a home for their aged and indigent members. It is proposed to acquire a tract of 500 acres near Ft. Scott , Kac. , as the location for the institution. Statistics show that in 190C there oc curred in France no fewer than 1,300 strikes , in which 4GS,4GG persons were concerned. This number included 3SG.435 men , 31,331 women and 1G,710 young persons of both sexes. Most of these strikes were successful in securing short er hours for the wage earners. From the year 1890 to the close of 190G , 22,849 men met death in the coal mines of the United States. Not since 1S97 has the annual list numbered less than 1,000 , and each year the number has grown larger. In 190G the fatali ties were 2.0G1 , and 1907 , when the fig ures are all in and compiled , will num ber more than that. A bill to license motormen has been introduced in the Assembly at Albany , N. Y. It provides for a bureau in the State Department of Labor with an ex aminer and four assistants , to be appoint ed by the State Commissioner of Labor , each to hold oflice for three years. The \\igmakers of New York celebrated a double event , the recognition of their union and the winning of the first strike of the year. The organization is known jvs the Human Hah Workers' Union , and is composed of the njkers of wigs , tou pees and all other ! ; products , composed if human hair. Jii. THE DAY I.ulior 1.x The New York Journal of Comnier--e , the only financial and business pap r that is independent of Wall street and trust influences , thinks that American mills should seek foreign markets. Ir quotes ibe opinion of a man connevred in an exe'-utive and prati ' : il way with oie of the lar c-t industries in this country , who said that It was only by filtering into the competitive business abroad could it be hoped to prevent one of the most trying. < Tiiel and disastrous periods that labor lias experienced. "The public have not yet begun to ap preciate the severity of the labor out look. " he continued. "They hear of the hundreds of thousands of workmen ol" all kinds being out of work in the great cities , but they do not begin to realize the situation and the prospects at the woolen manufacturing centers , for instance , " throughout New England. What is needed are foreign markets tenet net as a regulator or insurance for the home market. " But how is the American manufac turer to overcome the high tariff rates that foreign countries impose on Amer ican products in retaliation for our high tariiY duties imposed on their pro ducts ? Virtually only the English mar kets are open to our wares and even the I'.ritis-h colonies , such as Canada and Australia , now impose tariff pro tection to protect their own manufac turers. Every country but England has a tariff wall around it and the United States has the. highest tariff wall of all. with the possible exception of Russia. To seek foreign markets for our sur plus products under such conditions is a thankless task , for our manufactur ers would have to < ; ffer their goods for a price , that with the tariff rates of other countries added would be less than the price the manufacturers of foreign countries ? ell for. We cannot coiiipete with England for her manu facturers have free raw materials and the lower cost of living for her work men and thus lower wages and cheaper cost of production than the manufac turer of the United States has. The sad state of affairs that the lie- publican policy of protection has pro duced both for the manufacturer and the workmen cannot be much bettered by the trusts and tariff protected indus tries s llintr cheaper abroad than here , because after all but little internation al trade can be accomplished between tbi.st : who want to sell and refuse to buy. It' we want to sell to foreigners , we must buy of them as a general prop osition. No country can afford long to pay gold for foreign products , ex cept for raw materials which it re sells as finished products. The pro tected interests here must abide the conditions they have created and noth ing but reforming our own tariff with free raw materials and other redir-tions that will allow our workingmen tu live cheaper will for-e open foreign markets for our surplus products. As long as the business boom was on everything was lovely for awhile , but now the breakdown has come we are helpless under the inelastic work ings of the Republican policy of tarill I protection. I The Republicans now propose a tar iff commission to investigate the tariff abomination , but as that far-seeing statesman , former Gov. Douglas of Massachusetts , has lately said : "While the commission will be slow ly prosecuting its investigation the tar iff trusts will continue to plunder the helpless consumers and will raisre a campaign fund that will almost insure the re-election of standpatters and the defeat of revisionists. Instead of this program of delay. I would have a Pres ident who would call an extra session of Congress to revise the tariff imme diately and radically. ' 'The proper time to get rid of some thing bad is right now. Nor do I be lieve iu compromising with an evil and in agreeing to abolish it piecemeal pay , 10 per cent a year when it is pos sible to get rid of it at once. If I have an ulcerated tooth that should be ex tracted. I do not want it pulled by in stallments , so that the process will last several hours or several days ; I want the agony of the separation to be as short as possible. " " \VJtat JefiVr.soii V"onl l Do. Wise nii-n study past history to guide them for the future , while at the same time considering the difference of time and circumstances. "Jefferson In his day agreed with the beliefs of us moderns , in abhor ring public debts and high taxes. To him the least possible government was the best , partly because it was less ex pensive , inllicted light burdens only upon industry and insured the greatest amount of freedom and independence to all men. Were he alive to-day we may be certain that he' would be ac tive for direct legislation which would put tlie legislative power , in practice as well as in theory , back into the hands of the people ; for more and bet- tir schools : for smaller public debts ; for reduced taxes ; for free raw mate rials ; for"no duties on manufactured goods sold cheaper to foreigners than to Americans : for greatly reduced tar iff duties , reciprocity with Canada and other nations , for no tariff or other protection to giant trusts ; for equal and uniform freight rates to all ahip- pers ; and for less intermeddling in for eign affairs. " Such Avere the words of lion. Wil liam L. Douglas when Governor of Massachusetts in 11)05.mil ) this en dorsement of .Teffersonian policies and indictment of the Republican leaders is a ? true to-day as wlUMi said. What a gulf there is between the present Re publican administration for the benefit of tiie few and Democratic policies for the benefit of the many. Gov. Douglas was only Governor ono year , as he refused a renomiuation , but in a series of masterly speeches dur ing that sihort time and since , he so impressed the people of Massachusetts with the necessity of tariff reform and i-arrying out the .Teffersonian policies of equal , rights to all and special priv ileges to none that even a great major ity of the Republicans of that State are now demanding tariff revision. When the tariff planks of the Ohio Republicans and the Nebraska Demo crats are put in parallel columns for comparison In Washington there ap pears no marked difference between them as far as language defines princi ple. The principle defined by the Ne braska" platform is that of the restora- /tlon of the tariff from the prohibitive to the revenue basis. The Ohio plat form proposes next year a revision "in suring the maintenance of the true basis of protection. " Avhich is explain ed as such customs duties as will equal the difference between the cost of pro duction at homy and abroad. This Ohio promise carried cnit la good faith would give a low tariff. It is not claimed by anyone that the dif ference in the cost of production at home and abroad on articles which give the bulk of the revenue from a tariff amounts to as much as a fourth of the value of the articles in any open market. So that the Nebraska plank , representing Mr. Bryan's view of a low- tariff for revenue. Is seemingly in har mony with Mr. Taft's Ohio promise oC a low tariff for protection. If Kansas , Iowa , Nebraska and other western Republicans can be convinced that the Ohio plank means what It says they am. be convinced that /it / meets their views as anti-monopolists. This is what western Republicans are in their well-known impulses. As they differ from some other Republicans elsewhere , they are nothing if not anti- monopolists. The Nebraska plank defines itself fully on this point by proposing to with draw government protection at the cus tom h use from monopoly established Under custom hon.se taxation. The Ohio plank leaves such monopolies to be as fully protected by custom house taxa tion ns other industries it proposes to protect. Where language is used with skill in Ohio , differences may seem to disappear from language itself. Bnt on the fundamental point of opposition to monopoly Republican anti-monopo lists in the West will ask the meaning OL" Ohio silence. St. Louis Republic. . . _ _ _ _ Truth BeitiM- lUau Fiction. Ill spite of the panic and business de pression the Republican leaders cannot seem to throw off their habit of boast ing that prosperity follows their foot steps. It is apparent that the financed of the government are in bad shape , that the revenue is falling greatly be hind the exiKnditures. so that It has been found necessary to call upon the Wall street national banks to return $ : j."i.iKi,000 ! of the Si'oO.OOO.Ol/O loaned to them without interest , and that bonds were Iatel3 * issued to further help the banks , all of which are hardly matters to boast of. But Congressman Boutell of Illinois has discovered that the Unit ed States Treasury is bursting with riches , having over a billion of gold In its vaults , and he boasts of it so as to thereby try and boost the flagging spir its of his Republican brethren. But unfortunately for the taxpayers this enormous amount of gold belongs to tho.se who deposited it in the treasury and gold certificates have been issued against it. Nearlj" all that vast amount of gold is owned by the banks , who hold the certificates , or "yellow backs , " but few of which are in tlie hands of the people. The ordinary business of the people is done with silver certifi cates and national bank currency and but little gold is in circulation. There is ? 150.000,000 of gold held by the government , in what is called the gold reserve fund , to provide for the redemption In gold of the greenbacks and treasury notes and to keep the silver certificates at irnr with gold. So the boasteTl riches of the govern ment dwindle down to nothing , for tlie gold reserve cannot be touched to pay the expenditures of the government. What is the UPC to try and deceive the people by boasting of riches they do not possess ? The voters of the United States are too intelligent to be fooled by such boasting , and even if they were not. they are entitled to know the facts and not be fed on fiction about their public financial affairs. The Swedes are the longest lived race.
