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About Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 29, 1907)
PEOPLE OR TEUSTS ? PRESIDENT IN SPEECH ASKS WHO SHALL RULE. Countermarch In Government' * Campaign to Punish Wrongdoers .Favors National Incorporation Xaiv and Protection , for Workers. President Roosevelt was the central fig ure at Provincetown , Mass. , at the laying of the corner stone of the Cape Cod Pil grim Memorial monument. The Presi dent delivered the principal address at the ceremony. He reiterated the purpose of the administration to curb the criminal tendencies of great corporations that are engaged in interstate commerce. Pun ishment for individuals as well as cor porations tliat violate the law was urged , and the executive declared that punish- nient by imprisonment as well as fine for flagrant offenders would be the aim of the department of justice. I Jo declared he was determined to find out who was to rule the government the people througn their governmental agents , or the wealthy few ? Mr. Roosevelt gave his direct sanction to a national incorporation law for con cerns doing an interstate business , saying that it is his belief that such corporations can ? > e controlled by the federal govcrn- jmcnt under the interstate commerce clans * * and , 'if necessary , under the post .roads clause of the Constitution. I An earnest word was spoken for legis lation which will conserve the rights and interests of wage-earners employed by corporations engaged in interstate com merce. Mr. Roosevelt said that if the .Saw enacted last winter limiting the hours of work of railway employes was not strong enough it must be strengthened. ® \ > r Strong ; Employers' Liability LaTV Declaration was made that a more far e-caching and thorough-going employers' liability law must be passed. The Presi dent said : "It is monstrous that a man or a woman who is crippled in an indus try , even as the result of taking what are the necessary risks of the occupation , .should be required to bear the whole bur den of the loss. By making the em- tployer liable the loss will be distributed ultimately among all the beneficiaries of the business. " ' Touching the matter of receiverships for trusts that are guilty of wrongdoing j\Ir. Roosevelt said that the desire is "to do something effective , " and that "more over , when we thus take action against jthe wealth which works iniquity we are .acting in the interest of every man of property who acts decently and fair by 'his fellows , and we are strengthening tha hands of those who propose fearlessly to -defend property against all unjust at- tacks. " Concerning individualism and socialism the President said : "It will be highly dis astrous if we permit ourselves to be mis- icd by the pleas of those who see in an unrestricted individualism the all-suffi- J . cient panacea.for social evils ; but it will * be even more disastrous to adopt the .opposite panacea of any socialistic sys- iem which would destroy all individual ism , which would rpot out the fiber of our whole citizenship. " An echo of his recent "undesirable citi zen" ' pronouncement is to be found in this passage from Mr. Roosevelt's speech : "There is unfortunately a certain number .of our fellow countrymen who seem to accept - cept the view that unless a man can ba proved guilty of some particular crime he shall be counted a good citizen , no matter 'how infamous the life he has led , no mat- ier how pernicious his doctrines or hia practices. This is the view announced : rom time to time with clamorous insist ence , now by a group of predatory capi- 'fcalists , now by a group of sinister anarchistic -archistic leaders and agitators. " Supervise Railways Like Banks. In touching upon the railroads tha President declared : "The national gov ernment should exercise over them a su pervision and control similar to that which it now exercises over national ibanks. "We can do this only by proceed ing farther along the line marked out by recent national legislation. " Concerning the matter of national con trol as it might conflict with the rights of ihe States Mr. Roosevelt said : "It seems to me that such questions aa national sovereignly and States' rights jneed to be treated not empirically or aca demically , but from the standpoint of tha interests of the people as a whole. Na tional sovereignty is to be upheld in so far as it means the sovereignty of tha people used for the real and ultimate good -of the people ; and States' rights are to ba upheld in so far as they mean the people's -rights. Especially is this true in dealing with the relations of the people as a whole to the great corporations which are tha distinguishing feature of modern business conditions. " Mr. Roosevelt said a word concerning -what might be accomplished in time in -the way of making easier the path of use ful combinations , but he said flatly that j -the day could not come before there was iar more thorough control by the national government. On this matter his words -were : "Ultimately , and I hope with reason able speed , the national government must -pass laws which , while increasing the supervisory and regulatory power of tha government , also permit such useful combinations - binations as are made with absolute open ness ant1 as the representatives of the govj j eminent may previously approve. But it will not be possible to permit such com binations save as the second stage in a course of proceedings of which the first ] stage must be the exercise of a far more complete control by the national ' govern ment. " Told ia a Few Lines. Postoffice Department orders reduction of $1,000,000 in pay to railroads for car rying mails. A 500-mile canal , projected to drain tha great swamps of Florida , would reclaim -6,500,000 acres of land. India has school chil To-day 4,000,000 dren. Fifty years ago only 150,000 na tive children were being educated. It is estimated that the total first cost of England's present navy was $070- -000,000 , and about $390,000,000 has beeq --spent m the last ten years. SOME FOB , VACATION. t , XsV /WELCOME.MY / SON ! YOU'RE 0EST I * IN TIME tf7 Everybody works these days , even poor old father. Mother has quit taking "in washing , and so has sister Ann , and no more is the pipe of clay doing "overtime" between the teeth of the old man. Press wires are car rying the news all over the United States that labor never was so scarce in the country districts. North , East , South and West , the cry is going up that there are not enough farm hands to gather crops. W/heat / , cotton , oats , hay , everything is suffering for want of harvesters or caretakers. Women are obliged to get into MANY MOORS SLAIN. Snltan's Troops Defeat Large Force of Moroccan. Rebels. The Sultan's troops are reported to have defeated again a large force of the Knass tribesmen , in whose territory Caid Sir Harry MacLean has been held cap tive. Six hundred Moors were killed and several of their villages were burned. In Paris the Moroccan situation is re garded as having assumed a distinctly more serious aspect. The ferment in the interior of Morocco , the proclamation of Mulai Hafiz , the Sultan's brother , as sul tan by a section of the rebels , and the appearance of a new Moorish army before Casablanca have created fear that the whole country soon will be ablaze with fanaticism. More than l,00p colonial infantry , cav alry and troops of other arms have been mobilized at Oran and are ready to em bark on board transports , and other trans ports and warships are in readiness at Mediterranean ports to sail for Morocco. Public sentiment is becoming stronger against the halfway measures , which , it is feared , will lead to disaster. The Paris papers assert that the world must sup port France if it is decided to send a military expedition to Fez , as in no other way , the newspapers say , can the state of anarchy in Morocco be ended. The government , however , is resisting this pressure , desiring to keep within the bounds of the Algeciras convention , and reports that negotiations are under way for an enlargement of the mandate of the powers are emphatically denied. Never theless it is admitted , even in official cir- cl is , that something might happen which would place an entirely new complexion on the situation and compel France , in the name of the powers , to chastise Mo rocco. EDDY CASE IS DROPPED. Those Who Beer * " * Case Decide to Dismiss It. The famous suit in equity brought March 1 by George W. Glover , son of Mrs. Mary Baker G. Eddy , and others .as "next friends" against Calvin S. Frye and others for accounting of the property of the aged head of the Christian Science church , came to an abrupt end Wednes day. Immediately after the opening of court in the continued hearing regarding Mrs. Eddy's competency before Judge Edgar Aldrich. and ibis comasters at Concord , N. H. , William E. Chandler , senior coun sel for the "next friends , " announced that he had filed with the clerk of the court a motion for the dismissal of the suit. Mr. Chandler said that there were many reasons for this action , but that the prin cipal one was "the unprofitableness of any immediate result of a decision in our favor upon the exact issue as now framed , compared with the burdens and disadvan tages to be endured by us , both before and after such a decision. " UNCLE SAM GETTING RICH. Internal Revenue Receipts Show a Great Increase. Internal revenue receipts for the fiscal year ended June 30 , 1907 , show a large increase over the figures of the previous year , according to a report just issued by the internal .revenue bureau. Following are the figures of the receipts and increases from the various sources of internal revenue : Products. Increase. Spirits $150,336,901 $12,942,840 Tobacco 51,811,069 3,388,072 Fermented liquors. 59,507,818 3,925,959 Oleomargarine . . . 887,641 317,603 Adulterated butter. 12,743 3,485 Process or reno vated butter 161,795 23,717 The revenue from minor miscellaneous products was $ SSG,052 , a decrease of $40,400 from the previous year. The aggregate receipts from all sources for the fiscal year of 1907 were $209- 664,022 , an increase of $20,561,284 over the receipts of 1900. American Rash to Canada. i Prof. Jeremiah W. Jenks of Cornell , a member of the United States Immigra tion Commission , is on a tour of the Ca nadian Northwest , investigating the mat ter of American immigration into Can ada. He is also looking into the move ment of Asiatics to British Columbia. It is said to be his purpose to devise some scheme to turn the American current back to the States. He is expected to make a confidential report to tne Presi dent on the results of his trip. the fields , and farmers' wives and daughters are work ing side by side with the men of the families. Percy lloppergarss , son of the wealthy farmer , has had to lay aside his tennis racket , golf sticks , fishing tackle and cigarettes to get busy tying wheat , hauling hay and all such menial tasks. Ue has to work every bit as hard aa his mother or sister , right out in the hot sun , too , side by side with them. This shows to what straits farmers are being put. Cincinnati Post. | FACTS ABOUT : : : f : : : THE CENSUS. Uncle Sam is a successful 'publisher. He issues annually the "horse book , " which has an enormous circulation. Over a million copies of the book have been printed , and still the public demand for it is not satisfied. Another edition of 250,000 copies of this famous volume , the full title of which is "Special Diseases of the Horse , " has just been ordered. This makes over a million copies ordered , but before the demand is supplied these will be exhausted and Congressmen will find it necessary to go down in their pockets to have copies of the book printed for constituents after using their congres sional quota. An idea of the magnitude of the work may be formed from the state ment that the first edition of 301,000 copies if laid end to end would cover a space fifty miles long , and if piled up flatwise would make 10S piles as high as the Washington monument. In 1904 the census bureau started out to ascertain whether the country is get ting better and it now announces that , better or worse , the ratio o ? persons in prisons to the entire population has de creased since 1890. Out of every million Americans there now are 1,000 in prison , not including trust magnates , while in 1S90 there were 1,067. The census ex perts point out that this decrease may mean only an extension of the probation and parole system. In 1880 S per cent of the prisoners were women ; in 1890 7 per cent , and in 1904 5 per cent. Colored persons were more common among the prisoners in 1904 than they were in 1890. FIRES DESTROY FORESTS. Abo'nt 7,500 Acres of Timber De stroyed in Xe\v England. Unusually dry conditions in the forests throughout Massachusetts , caused by the absence of rain during the last month , have been responsible to a large extent for the great damage by forest fires , which have swept through southeastern Worces ter county , across the Cape Cod district and over Bristol and Plymouth counties. About 7,500 acres have been destroyed , and in several cases the flames have not been checked , despite the fact that 2,500 men are engaged in fighting them. The extensive fires which have devajs- tated the Cape Cod forests had their origin in small blazes caused by sparks from locomotives , while various causes have been responsible for the others. Blackened trunks and smoldering embers are all that remain in many places where formerly were forests of marketable tim ber and heavy underbrush. The most extensive fire is that raging in the Douglas woods , one of the richest Kreas of timberland in the State. The /lames there have devastated 5,000 acres in Massachusetts and have spread into Connecticut , where the damage is believ ed to be about one-fifth as great. Begin ning in Douglas , the fire has eaten its way through the forest land in the towns of Sutton , East Douglas , Webster , Mill- bury , Oxford and Bridge , and is still spreading. Odds and Ends. Danish engineer discovers a process by which beer is made from tablets. Last year 31 large steel vessels were built for service on the great lakes. Sweden is the most progressive coun try in Europe in use of the telephone. Only 35 per cent of Spain's 20,000,000 population are able to read and write. German steamer lines threaten to stop mail service on Atlantic unless paid more. Elks parade in Philadelphia in hottest day of year ; 4,430 persons were sun- struck. William Abrams Martin , the solitary survivor of the twelve men who convicted John Brown , is still living in Virginia. He has celebrated his seventy-fifth anni versary. The value of the india rubber imported into , the United States during the last year in the crude form aggregated $50- 000,000. Brazil is the chief ource of supply. A Chinese merchant of Pekin who was convicted of murder was sentenced to death by being deprived of sleep. Four ( warders kept watch over him to keep him awake and on the tenth day he died. SEA COAST DEFENSES. i Atlantic Seaboard Can Look After Itself Without Battleships. The determination to send the bat tleships of the North Atlantic fleet to the Pacific coast , whence , even in the gravest emergency , they could not re turn in less than two months , has led to some anxious inquiry regarding the security of the great cities along the Atlantic in the possible event of attack from an enemj 's fleet. The grave anxiety which attended the departure of the At lantic fleet for the Caribbean , in the Spanish war , when it was feared that a part of the Spanish navy was on the high seas bound for the North Atlantic , has not been forgotten , and there is some disposition to question the wisdbm of a move which might leave Boston , New York , Philadelphia , Washington , Charles ton and other great centers "without pro tection. " The conditions are , however , radically different from those which , obtained in 1S9S , and , according to the military ex perts , the cities and harbors of the At lantic coast would be amply protected from capture or bombardment by the coast defenses , which have been so ex tensively improved in the last ten years. Of course , the presence of a fleet along the Atlantic coast in time of war would be essential to prevent the landing of an invading army at points not covered by the coast defenses , but the harbors and great cities would be entirely safe. Only one weak spot remains , and plans for its protection have been perfected , al though the money necessary has not been appropriated. The weak spot is the en trance to Chesapeake Bay , which is out of range of the great disappearing guns of Fortress Monroe. In the opinion of the National Coast Defense Board , "with the entrance as it now is , unfortified , a hostile fleet , should it gain control of the sea , can establish , without coming under the fire of a single gun , a base on its shores , pass in and out at pleasure , have access to large stores of valuable supplies of all kinds , and paralyze the great trunk lines of railways crossing the head of the bajV The entrance to Chesapeake Bay is 12 miles from Fortress Monroe , while the effective range of the big guns there installed is only 12,000 yards. To rem edy this defect , it is proposed to con struct an artificial island , practically midway between Capes Charles and Hen ry , and to erect thereon a modern battery of disappearing guns of the most effec tive character. But in all the harbors of the Atlantic , on which have been built large cities , giant strides have been made in estab lishing effective coast defenses. A year ago $72,750,000 had been expended on the coast defenses of the country , most of this sum being used along the Atlantic coast. Something over $50,000,000 re mains to be spent to complete the defenses in accordance with the present plans. This year Congress has appropriated $1- 624,000 for the continuance of the work. Of this sum , $150,000 has been set aside for the construction of a 14-inch gun for the artificial island above referred to , $475,000 is being expended for submarine mines , $125,000 for searchlights and $700,000 for the establishment of fire control stations. Under the present system every foot of navigable water in the harbors is cov ered by the powerful guns which have been installed in the coast de'fenses. Ev ery channel is susceptible of being mined according to plans already worked out , the preliminary work , including the as sembling of paraphernalia , having beer so carefully done that every harbor or the Atlantic could be effectively mined or 48 hours' notice. Cinematographs and Vision. The police of Berlin , Germany , an making war on the numerous moving pic ture shows in that city because the doc tors say they are injurious to the eyes especially to those of the young. Government Best Ship Builder. The battleship Connecticut , the firs of its class to be built by the gover.imen instead of by private contract , in a serie of runs over a measured course off th Maine coast lias proved herself bette than her sister ship , the Louisiana , buil by the Newport News Company. Th Connecticut made an average speed o 18.73 knots for her five best runs , anr , her fastest mile was 19.01 , not allow for tidal corrections. The best aven of the Louisiana was 18.58 for five run TALKJYJAFT , _ , Revic Tariff and Pat Violator * of Itavr In Prison. William Howard Taft , Secretary of War , and the administration's candi date for the Republican presidential nomination , at Columbus detailed his views on pressing public questions be fore -the Buckeye Republican Club. Sec retary Taft was received with enthusi asm , every person present rising and cheering him vigorously. The Secretary's address was the first and most important of a series to be made at various points in < the West prior to 'his ' sailing for the Philippines and Japan on the 10th of September. From a political standpoint it was noted that Secretary Taft laid down his opinions in such a way that there was no mistaking his candidacy and hardly any doubt , also , that he expects to have as Ms chief opponent on the Democratic ticket Wiliiam Jennings Bryan. Mr. Taft singled Mr. Bryan out repeatedly in discussing public questions and the views of other indi viduals. The salient features of the Secre tary's address were : He favors additional railroad rate leg islation , notably an increase of power to the Interstate Commerce Commission. He favors changes in the anti-trust law which will more clearly define it. He believes there can be such a thing as a lawful trust , but emphasizes the danger of unlawful monopolies. He docs not agree with Mr. Bryan as to the trust license plan and as to "what should be done with the trusts. " He is in favor of remedying the "swol len fortune" evil and suggests State leg islation. He believes that the graduated inherit ance and income tax might be properly resorted to by the government in case of financial emergency. He denies that Roosevelt's policies are socialistic and that the President was re sponsible for State legislation reducing railroad passenger rates or for Wall street flurries. He designated Mr. Bryan's scheme of government as "nerveless" and denies the practicability of a national referendum. He comes out squarely against govern ment ownership of railroads. He announces that he is against free trade , but favors tariff revision and be lieves there should be no tariff tinkering until after the next presidential election. WORLD TO WAR ON BAD FOOD. Uncle Sam's Crusade Becoming : oi Interest to All Nations. The present visit to Europe of Dr. Wiley of the Department of Agriculture 511 nrnhnhlv result in thf > mllinsr of an international con gress to secure uni formity of practice in the treatment of food adulterations. It appears that there is little difference of opinion among the health authorities of the various nations as to the propriety of establishing rules' for the manufacture of food and drug DB. WILEY. products in the in terest of the public health , but differ ences have arisen at each stage of the attempt to frame regulations for the government of the export trade in such commodities owing to honest difference of opinion as to the proper definition of adulteration. Although taking an advanced position in this matter as revealed in the strin gent legislation contained in the pure food law , the government of the United States has been obliged at times to take sharp issue with some of the European government officials as to the harmfulness of certain ingredients of our food export ed. Against purely technical objections the Agricultural Department has been contending with difficulty for a long time. But with the passage of the pure food act , with the authority contained therein to apply its provisions to imported food and drugs and wines , the department finds its hand much strengthened in dealing with European governments , which are now beginning to show a very practical interest in the inquiry which. Dr. Wiley is making into the nature of the ingredi ents of the great quantities bf foreign delicatessen and liquors that are flowing into the United States. < The government has succeeded in put ting an end to almost all the lotteries ex cept marriage. That Wisconsin husband who waited 56 years to sue for divorce took a long time to think it over. In spite of the steady work of the bomb-throwers , there are still a few un- killed Russian generals dodging around. When a New York butler can retire with $100,000 it indicates that prosperity has trickled right down through the popu lation. A pretty Nebraska woman who won her lawsuit promptly kissed the judge. You see , it's worth while being a judge in Ne braska. A California professor says 10 cents' worth of1 peanuts is more nourishing than a porterhouse steak. Walk up to the pea nut stand and get a dinner for a dime ! That Ohio boy who is to get $250OOC if he is a patriotic American will proba bly put up a Fourth of Julj celebration that will make the country scream for help. help.A A lunatic who escaped from the Mid dletown ( N. Y. ) insane asylum has been mailing back souvenir post cards from every station. No doubt now about h. being crazy. That Washington girl who sat on wrecked boat and ate chocolates whi he waited for the rescuers ought to I iren a heroine medal by the "Don Worry" Club. The crown prince of Korea , who suo- coeds to the throne becauao of the forcible abdication of his father , boars the name Yi Syok. He Is a son of the late Empress Mln , who was asmsslny atod In 1805 , and was born on the 25th of March , 1874. Llttlo la known of Yl Syok except that ho was glvon what little military training the country af fords , and that ho la not a man of EMPZBOB or KOBEA. strong opinions. lniiould seem to bo obvious when the Japanese are willing to place him on the throne. It la alleged that Yl Syek never recovered from the shock ho received at the tlmo his mother wa * slain , because of the brutality attend ing her murder. She was first cut down with swords , then taken to a court yard , wrapped in silk : and borne to a grove , where , after wood was piled on the body and kerosene poured over the mass , It was set on fire. Sir Hiram Stevens Maxim , whose company have been Instrumental in forming a huge iron and steel combi nation In Great Britain , is a noted civil , mechanical and electrical engi neer. He Is an American , having been born at San- gerville , Me. , in 1840 , and he Is of Puritan descent. Sir Hiram IB the Inventor of the * Maxim gun and of SIE HIBAM MAXIM. an automatic system of firearms , and also of cordite , a smokeless powder , and he has devoted much time and inven tion to aerial navigation. In 1901 he was knighted by the late Queen Vic toria , and he also Is a chevalier of the French Legion of Honor. Sir Hiram is a member of various technical and scientific societies , and he has a hand some residence at Thurlow Park , Nor wood , London. He has lived In Eng land since 1881. Congressional investigation of the American Bible Society , which controls the price of Bibles In the United States , has been urged by religious papers throughout the east and a strong effort is being made to shed light on the business dealings of the corporation. The American Bible So ciety was without a president for some years wnen tne ven- D. C. GIIXMAN. Oilman , formerly head of Johns Hop kins University in Baltimore , took the place. There are twenty-one vice pres idents , many , of whom have never at tended a meeting. The resources of the American Bible Society are said to be at least $200,000 , but the annual re port sets the assets at $712,412.75. That it is only a short time before It will be possible to have dinner in Amer ica one day and breakfast in Europe the next morning is a statement credit ed to Dr. Alexander Graham Bell , the Inventor of the tele phone. Dr. Bell has great faith in the future progress of aerial navigation and says that he exnects an airshin to be built that will ALKA. o. make 175 to 200 miles an hour. He also believes that one of the next steps in the progress of navigating the air will be the construction of aerial battle ships. The Largest Playground. Jersey City has authorized a landscape artist to transform a level plot of sixty- aino acres west of the city and bordering on tie Hackensack river into a mammoth playfleld for the benefit of the boys and jirls of the city. This will be the largest playground in the world , as it is sir times as large as the Stadium at Athens ind half as large again as the Prospect Park ( Brooklyn ) playground. The Jer sey City field will be surrounded by a Irive 100 feet wide for the use of horse men and automobiles. Near the river will be an immense swimming pool and recreation piers. Baseball fields , golf inks , tennis courts and cricket grounds rill be laid out on the central portion , ind there will be a great fieldhouse where .ill players may make ready for tha ; ames. In the winter time there will ba in immense skating rink free to all. Eric Canal's Bad Break. The arches of masonry supporting the ied of the Erie canal where it passes ner Onondnga creek in the city of Syra- use gave way , wrecking a large flouring nill and causing the destruction of sev- il canal boats , which were drawn into e vortex. The water was drawn off of e five-mile level in which the break oc- rred , thus putting an entire stop to oaj traffic. It will be several days be- re the break can. be repaired. All the same stripe Convicts.