Emperor Nicholas II. Grants His
Subjects Liberty.
AUTOCRACY AT END
The Last Absolute Monarchy of Europe
Passes hito History. , .
Emperor Surrenders the Absolute
Bizhta of the Romanoffs and Gives
the Helm to Pence Envoy as Premier-
President Czar Yields to Uprising by
"Whole Empire and Promise of Con
stitutional 3'orm of Government
Brings Sisrns of Peace.
The , autocracy cr Russia is no more.
The absolute reign of the Romanoffs
-has ceased and the people's fight for
liberty has been won.
In an imperial manifesto Monday
night Emperor Nicholas surrendered
and Count Wltte came into power as
minister-president , with an imperial
mandate which will enable him to
convert the farcical national assembly
Into a real legislative bod } ' elected by
greatly extended suffrage and to con
fer upon the people fundamental civil
liberties , including free speech.
The conditions of the imperial man
date grant to the people of Russia free
dom of the press , the right of assembly
and the immunity ot the person , In
cluding the right of habeas corpus.
The municipal council , after reading
the imperial manifesto at its sitting
Monday evening , dispatched the fol
lowing telegram to the mperor :
"The council welcomes with delirM
the long-desired tidings of freedom ,
flnhly relying on a bright future for
NICHOLAS II.
our dear fatherland. Hurrah for the
emperor of a free people. "
Text of Emperor's Ukase.
The following is the text of the im
perial manifesto issued by the Czar :
"We , Nicholas II. , by the grace of
God emperor and autocrat of all the
Russias , grand duke of Finland , etc. ,
declare to all our faithful subjects
that the troubles and agitation in our
capitals and in numerous other places
fill our heart with excessive pain and
eorrow.
"The happiness of the Russian sover
eign is indissolubly bound up with the
happiness of our people , and the sor-
lasecl on the real inviolability of per
son , freedom of conscience , speech ,
union and association.
" 2. Without suspending the already
oidercd elections to the state douma ,
to invite to participation in the douma ,
SYNAGOGUE IS WAIJSAW.
so far as the limited time before the
convocation of the douma will permit ,
those classes of the population now
completely deprived of electoral rights ,
leaving the ultimate development of
the principle of the electoral right in
general to the newly established legis
lative order of things.
" 3. To establish as an unchange
able rule that no law shall be enforce
able without the approval of the state
douma , and that it shall be possible
for the elected of the people to exercise
real participation in the supervision of
the legality of the acts of the authori
ties appointed by us.
"We appeal to all faithful sons of
Russia to remember tteir duty toward
the fatherland , to aid in terminating
these unprecedented troubles and to
apply their forces , in co-operation with
ns , to the restoration of calm and
peace upon our natal soil.
"NICHOLAS. "
How the Xexvs Is Received.
The news spread like wildfire
throughout the city. The revolutionists ,
and active agitators generally , de
clared loudly that the government's
promises would no longer suffice , and
that the strike must be continued.
In fact , an hour after the news be
came known the revolutionists took oc
casion to throw the first bomb in St.
Petersburg used since the strike began.
The incident occurred near the pol-
technic school , but there was no fatal
ity.
Practi.-nlly all classes , except the so
cialists and the extreme radicals , how
ever , read the document with delight
and amazement , declaring that it could
not fail to rally the moderates to the
support of Count Witte.
Finland has declared her independ
ence. The Russian flag has been
hauled down from all government
buildings throughout Finnish territory
and Finland's national flag and red
flags are flying in their place. Dis
patches from points outside of Hcl-
singfors show that the movement for
independence is general. The Czar's
RUSSIANS IN BEYOLT.
MOB RULE IS RAMPANT IN MANY
PLACES.
Hundreds Sain ! and Wounded at Odes
sa , KielF and Other Cities Cossacks
Pour Lead Into Malcontents and
Trample on Them with Their Horses.
Despite the granting of a constitu
tion by Emperor Nicholas , the fires of
revolution are spreading over the Rus
sian empire. Radicals , distrustful of
the Czar's pledge , insist on the estab
lishment of a republic. Hundreds
have been slain in desperate conflicts
between troops and revolutionaries in
a score of places.
At Kharkov 400 persons have been
killed and more than 1,000 wounded
in street battles. In street fights at
Odessa between students and work
men and the police and troops fully
100 persons have been killed and
many scores injured. Mobs begun a
TROOPS RIDING DOWN WARSAW STRIKERS.
A STUDENTS' DEMONSTRATION IN oT. PETERSBURG.
Students in Russia , as in Germany , take coiisidrable interest in politics. In
SL Petersburg their sympathies are invariably on the side of the popu
lace , and they are nearly always to the fore when any disturbances take
place. .
row of our people is the sorrow of the
sovereign.
"From the present disorders may
arise great national disruption. They
menace the integrity and unity of our
empire.
"The supreme duty imposed upon us
by our sovereign office requires us to
efface ourself and to use all the force
and reason at our command to hasten
securing the unity and co-ordination
of the power of the central govern
ment and to assure the success of the
measures for pacification in all circles
of public life , which are essential to
-the well being of our people.
Directs the Government.
"We therefore direct our govern
ment to carry out our inflexible will in
the following manner :
" 1. To extend to the population the
immutable foundations of civic liberty , i
soldiers all over Finland have discard
ed their uniforms.
Witte's Message to America.
Count Witte sends the following mes
sage to America :
"I am sure the American people , who
understand what freedom is , and the
American press , which voices the wishes
of the people , will rejoice with the
friendly Russian nation at this moment ,
when the Russian people have received
from his imperial majesty the promises
.and the guarantees of freedom , and will
join in the hopes that the Russian people
will wisely aid in the realization of those
liberties by co-operating with the govern
ment for their peaceful mtrotluetkm.
Only thus will it ho possible to secure the
full benefits of the freedom conferred
upon the people. "
Adolph Carnot , mentioned for presi
dent of France , is a brother of the mur
dered president of that name.
massacre of Jews and pillage of their
shops in Odessa. Thirty-seven per
sons were slain and eighty-one wound
ed. The mobs are said to have been
incited by the polico. Many persons
were killed or wounded on both sides
in a savage conflict between revolu
tionaries and Cossacks at Kieff.
A mob attempted to storm the pris-
GATEWAY LKADIXG TO WIXTEK PALACE.
on at Minsk , but was beaten off by
Cossacks. Many were slain or
wounded by the Cossacks' volleys. At j !
Warsaw conflicts between the soldiers
and poulace are frequent. Many per
sons were killed or wounded. Seven
persons were killed and many wound
ed at Lodz in collisions between the
mobs and troops. Eight persons were
slain and twenty-four wounded at Pa-
banice , Russian Poland , when the in
fantry fired on a procession of work-
ingmen.
Cossacks Trample People.
The news that Russia had been
;
granted a constitution created enthu
siasm in Odessa. All work was sus
pended and the strets were blocked
with cheering crowds. At the town
hall red flag demonstrations were
charged by Cossacks , who caused
their horses to trample on the people.
There was considerable pillaging durj j
ing the night on the outskirts of Odesj j ,
sa , which the students , who organized j
themselves into a city guard , tried to I
prevent. Mobs of rioters broke loose
in various parts of the city and came
in conflict Avith the bands of stu
dents , resulting in much bloodshed.
At Kieff , the populace seized the
town hall and revolutionary speeches
were being delivered to the crowd
from the balcony when Cossacks ap
peared. Some of the people inside the
building were armed and a regular
engagement followed , resulting in
many being killed or wounded on both
sides. The Cossacks finally routed tho
crowd and captured the building.
After dark the Jewish quarter was
sacked. The Cossacks while passing
the office of the Otkliki , a liberal pa
per , fired three volleys at the building.
Conflicts in Warsaw.
Disorders continue throughout War
saw. Conflicts between the populace
and soldiers are frequent. The au
thorities are charged with ignoring the
imperial manifesto and general de
pression prevails everywhere. There
is a complete deadlock in business
and traffic. The streets and squares
are full of troops. The people at
tempting to organize street meetings
are promptly dispersed by bayonet
charges.
Students and social democratic lead
ers who continue to declare that noth
ing but a democratic republic will suf
fice are using every means in their
power to keep up the enthusiasm and
drive the people into armed collisions
with the troops.
The Duke of Sutherland is one of the
greatest land owners in the world , his
holdings being only exceeded by the Czar
and tho Bsterhazy family.
DEMAND POWER TO WAKE RATES
Interstate Commerce Convention "Finds
No Other Remedy for J xistitie : Kvils.
Out of the clash between opposing
delegates to the interstate commerce
law convention , in Chicago , which was
faclionally divided , there developed
two distinctive platforms relating to
railroad rate legislation.
The "regular' ' convention , champion
of the utterances of President Roose
velt , embodied in a resolution the ideas
of the chief executive regarding regu
lation of railroad rates and determined
to urge upon Congress the enactment
of legislation which will give power to
the Interstate Commerce Commission
to regulate unjust or discriminating
rates.
The so-called "rump" convention ,
headed by David M. Parry , of Indian
apolis , and made up of men who re
fused to pledge themselves to the
Roosevelt plan , adopted resolutions
mitting the existence of railroad rate
evils , calling upon Congress to enforce
existing laws against violations of the
j same and to provide necessary legisla
tion , but emphatically protesting
against the investiture of authority
upon any appointive body such as the
Interstate Commerce Commission.
The second day's session of the In
terstate Commerce Law convention
considered resolutions setting forth its
approval of President Roosevelt and
urging broad legislation. Speeches
wore made by many denouncing the
railroad and trust magnates , and urg
ing that transportation facilities be re
stored to the control of the people.
Noyes Kendall of Colorado says the
railroads have converted Denver into
a "one-lung hospital and globe-trotters'
station. " He urged immediate action
in tho rate question , making the asser
tion that Denver's industries had been
ruined by railroad discrimination in
favor of other points.
Delegate J. D. Doherty won ap
plause by denouncing the Senate as a
"most obstinate body before which the
question must go. " Chairman J. II.
McCall of Los Angeles , of the resolu
tion committee , submitted his report ,
and said :
"The control of interstate commerce
to-day is in a dozen corporations. These
corporations are controlled by a dozen
men. This power should be restored
to the people. "
Ex-Governor Yansant of Minnesota
characterized tho "bolters" as "goat ? , "
and called the attention of the dele
gates to the unanimity of the country
on the rate question. McCall cited de
cisions to the effect that the empower
ing of the Interstate Commerce
Commission to regulate rates is con
stitutional , one of the rights of gov
ernment.
After much discussion a report was
submitted by McCall agreeing with
President Roosevelt that the only con
stitutional and effective method for the
supervision of railroad rates , classifi
cations and practices is by amending
the interstate commerce act so as to
provide that the "Interstate Com
merce Commission should be vested
with power , where a given rate has
been challenged and after full hearing
found to be unreasonable , to decide ,
subject to judicial review , what shall
be a reasonable rate to take its place ,
the ruling of the commission to take of-
fect immediately , and to obtain unless
and until it is reversed by the court
of review. " It was adopted. A fund
of $7,000 was subscribed to further
the work of the convention.
A summary of the platform adopted
by the convention which stood by the
demand of E. P. Bacon , of Milwaukee ,
chairman of the Interstate Commerce
Law League , that President Roose
velt's position be unqualifiedly sup-
porfed , was as follows :
Congratulations to President Roosevelt
for his stand relating to rate legislation.
i commendation to the House of Repre
sentatives for co-operating with the
President , and urging that the interstate-
commerce commission be vested with
power to fix substitute rates for any rail
road rates successfully challenged , said
rates to prevail until reversed by a court
of review.
In the so-called "rump" convention ,
of which N. W. McLcod , of St. Louis ,
was chairman , the platform makes a
declaration of unquestioned faith in
the wisdom .ind integrity of President
Roosevelt in dealing with public ques
tions ; recognition of existing evils con
nected with transportation interests ;
demands rigid enforcement of existing
laws , which , if inadequate , should be
amended to provide effective relief ;
expresses dissatisfaction with the In
terstate Commerce Commission and
protests against granting it additional
authority.
As a result of the diametric opposi
tion which arose among the delegates
there developed the organization of a
new national body to rival the Inter
state Commerce Law League. The In
terstate Commerce Law League re-
appointed E. P. Bacon of Milwaukee
as chairman of the executive commit
tee and authorized the continuance of
the organization in Its present form.
The sum of $10,000 was subscribed
for propaganda work and a committee
was appointed to visit President
Roosevelt to inform him of the action
of the convention.
Inter tlns News Items.
Secretary Taft has given out a state
ment declaring he will not be a candi
date for President in 1908.
Ben Bennett , a white fugitive from
justice , for whom a large reward was
offered , has been arrested in Macon , Ga.
The South Dakota Supreme Court has
decided that the county seat of Wai-
worth county shall be at Bangor. The
citizens of Shelby one night went to
Bangor , tore down the old county build
ing and carted the records off to Shelby.
Bangor took the matter to court *
Our Audubon societies have now I
succeeded in getting every sort of bird
pretty well protected except the stork.
New York Evening Mail.
Notice a list of deeds John D. Rock
efeller has done in a year. A list of
Individuals would be more to the point.
New York Evening Telegram.
The only returning Russian general
who has had a triumph at St. Peters
burg unfortunately achieved it by get
ting killed. New York Evening Mail.
A California paper says bad water
kills as many people as bad whisky.
Maybe it does , but we don't have to
'
buy it at 75 cents a pint. Ronceverte
( W. Va. ) News. j
Senator Depew says It is not wise
for corporations to contribute funds to
political campaigns ; indeed , it's quite
otherwise if it gets found out Hous
ton Chronicle.
If Mr. Rockefeller can convince the
coal barons that there arc things better j
than "mere money getting" he will
have done the country a real service.
Chicago News.
It begins to look as If Secretary
Tat't didn't sit upon that Chinese boy
cott long enough while in Hongkong
to accomplish its complete collapse.
Detroit Journal.
Some men are born infamous , some
gradually lose their reputations and
some have their reputations taken
away from them by committees of in
vestigation. Houston Chronicle.
if it is true that W. T. Stead says It
Is every husband's duty to whip his
wife once in a while , evidently anotii-
er term in jail for W. T. Stead might
be wholesome. Buffalo Courier.
Hereafter the Beef Trust is to .pay
fcr the inspection tags which have
b"ei costing the government $70,000 a
yoar. Rather , the beef consumers are
to pay for them. Atlanta Constitu
tion.
Miguel Gomez insists that Uncle
Sam ought to take a hand in the Cu-
Icin situation. It looks as if Unclo
Sam would get tired filling the job of
wet nurse after a while. Birmingham
News.
China's determination to get her rail
roads out of the hands of the foreign
ers may be due to Wu Ting-fang's ob
servations of the part our railroadz
play in the government Pittsburg
Dispatch.
Three burglars in New York claim
to have robbed 400 homes. It's a great
record , but it looks dim beside the rec
ord of three insurance companies , whc
have touched about 4,000,000 homes.
Montreal Star.
The denial from Secretary Taft that
lie Is on the outs with Chairman Shonts
is welcome news. Another change in
that official family is the one thing
the government cannot afford at this
time. Pittsburg Dispatch.
Pat Crowe now admits that he In
tended to kidnap John D. Rockefeller
and hold him for a $2,000,000 ransom.
Pat Crowe talks like a man who does
not know the Rockefellers. New
York Evening Telegraph.
When one observes how Stoesscl ,
alive , is disgraced by his government ,
and Koi-tradenko , dead , is honored , one
inny be excused for surmising that
good Russians must be like good In
dians. Indianapolis Sentinel.
Always learning something. Mr.
McCurdy now informs us that a mu
tual insurance company is an eleemos
ynary institution , which fact is infer-
cntially set forth in its circulars.
New York Evening Telegram.
The Pcnnsylvanians Avho used odious
libel laws to gag the newspapers have
awakened the people of Philadelphia
so wide awake that it is plain they
will never again sleep without one eye
open. St. Louis Globe-Democrat.
One of tho life insurance presidents
who was authorized to fix his own
salary drew the line at $400 a day ,
Sundays included. This moderation is
tempered with the idea of a frequent
raise. St. Louis Grobe-Democrat.
Mrs. Russell Sage has donated $75-
000 for a public school building at Sag
Harbor. A few more of such offen
sive performances and Uncle Russell
will be coming in for some hot shot
from the anti-wealth agitators. Mil
waukee Sentinel.
Hon. William E. Chandler feels pret
ty sure that neither this session nor
next session will bring forth any rate-
regulating legislation to which the rail
road companies and the $13,000,000,000
behind them seriously object. Hart
ford Courant.
A parson in Akron , Ohio , declares
tnnt Christians have the same right to
gamble or speculate in stocks as in
fidels. Guess so. Look at Mr. Rocke
feller. Still , we don't hanker for pious
poolrooms , Christian crap games , holy
poker and kindred institutions. New
York Evening Telegram.
Mr. Rockefeller says it does not pay
to be a good fellow. He should know.
The size of his pile indicates that tha
things Mr. Rockefeller has not done
have paid fully 'as well as the things
he has done. Seattle Post-Intelil-
gcncer.
The Supreme Court of Kansas has
gravely decided that a pool table is a
billiard table. This is one of the most
notable decisions since George E. Cole ,
then Stats Auditor , held that there
were 30 days In February. Kansas
City Star.
A Strange
Though not included in the reports !
on that subject , undoubtedly the most'
remarkable agricultural entorprtee In
the country is the farm lu Southern
Florida on which the one crop culti
vated is alligators.
This unique farm Is located on tho
east coast of Florida , some distance
below Palm Beach , on the bank of
the Indian river. The situation is an
excellent one for the purpose , for It Is1
In the very part of the country whero
the saurians were the most numerous
In the days before they began to be-
hunted as a business , and not fnr
away are the Everglades , where Iho
few remaining specimens ( that is , few
when compared with the tens of thou
sands that were to be found In Flor
ida waters twenty years ago ) arc be
ing relentlessly pursued to extinction
by their fellow swamp-dwellers , tho
Seminoles. Four-Track News.
Aslc i'our Neighbors.
Gelatt , Pa. . , Nov. G. ( Special. ) Mrs.
IT. W. Sterns , a well respected resident
of Gelatt , tells in convincing words
what Dodd's Kidney Pills have dono
for her. She says :
"I was a great sufferer from Rheu
matism , caused through my kidneys
being out of order. I was subject to
it for years. It would take me without
warning , and while the attack lasted I
was so lame I could not get around ,
So I had to send for Dodd's Kidney
Pills. I took them for three days , but
didn't feel much benefit , but on the
fourth day I noticed a great change ,
the lameness in my back was gone , ,
and the pains I used to suffer were-
less. I kept on with Dodd's Kidney
Pills and now I am glad to say I havo
no lameness or pain of any kind. I1
feel as if I didn't know what Rheuma
tism was. I shall never be without )
Dodd's Kidney Pills in the house , and'
I bless the day I first heard of them. " '
VALUE OF A HEM'S EGG.
Easily Assimilated and Highly
tious Food for Man.
Here are some facts and figures
relative to the hen's egg which may ;
not be without interest to the student *
of poultry possibilities. Its average
length is two and twenty-seven hunr
dredths Inches , its average diametetf
at the broad end one and seventy-two
hundredths inches , and it weighs :
about one-eighth of a pound. The
pullets' are smaller than those of old !
hens. The shell constitutes about 11 !
per cent. , the yolk 32 per cent and the
white 57 per cent of the total eggv
Chemically speaking , an egg consists
of two nutrients protein and fat to
gether with some water and a small
quantity of mineral matter. Popular ,
belief to the contrary , there is no dif-
'ference in the nutritive qualities of
eggs with dark shells and those with-
light. Their flavor is affected by tho
food of the fowl , for good or for evIL
Exhaustive experiments by woll-
equipped investigators prove that tho
egg deserves its reputation as an
easily assimilated and highly nutri
tious food , if eaten raw or lightly
cooked. Such experiments also show
that eggs at 12 cents per dozen are a
cheap source of nutrients ; at 1C cents ;
somewhat expensive , and at 25 cents
and over , highly extravagant. Tho
basis of comparison was the market
prices of standard flesh foods consid
ered In relation to their nutritive ele
ments. But there is a physiological
constituent of eggs which is of great
value , yet it defies the search of tho
scientist or the inquisition of the sta
tistician , and that is their palatabillty. .
Unless a food , however rich in pro-1
teins , is relished , it loses much of its'
value , while per contra , a less chemi
cally desirable food that is enjoyed
becomes valuable by reason of that
fact. Success Magazine.
Durer was the son of a goldsmith , and , ,
showing an appreciation of art , was ap
prenticed to a draughtsman.
OLD-FASHIONED FARE
Hot Biscuit , Griddle-Cakca , Pica and
Puddings.
The food that made the fathers
strong is sometimes unfit for the chili
dren under the new conditions that our ,
changing civilization is constantly ;
bringing in. One of Mr. Bryan's
neighbors in the great State of Ne
braska , writes :
"I was raised in the South , whero
hot biscuits , griddle-cakes , pies and ,
puddings are eaten at almost every ;
meal , and by the time I located in Ne-
I braska I found myself a sufferer from
indigestion and its attendant ills dis
tress and pains after meals , an almost
constant headache , dull , heavy sleep
iness by day and sleeplessness at
night , loss of flesh , impaired memory ,
etc. , etc.
"I was rapidly becoming incapaci
tated for business , when a valued
friend suggested a change in my diet ,
the abandonment of heavy , rich stuff
and the use of Grape-Nuts food. I
followed the good advice and shall al
ways be thankful that I did so.
"Whatever may be the experience
of others , the beneficial effects of the
change were apparent in my case al
most immediately. My stomach , which
had rejected other food for so long ,
took to Grape-Nuts most kindly ; in a
day or two my headache was gone , I
began to sleep healthfully and before-
a week was out the scales showedi
that my lost weight was coming back.
My memory was restored with the re
newed vigor that I felt In body and *
mind. For three years now Grape-
Nuts food has kept me in prime condi
tion , and I. propose it shall for the rest
of my days.
"And by the way , my 2 % year old ;
baby is as fond of Grape-Nuts as IJ
am , always insists on having it. Iti
keeps her as healthy and hearty as. .
they make them. " Name given byj
Postum Co. , Battle Creek , Mich.
There's a reason.
Read the little book. "The Road to
Wellville. " in pkgs.