O FV
IJ I l ?
Port Arthur lias surrendered. Ex
hausted by months of almost constant
fighting , decimated by disease and
casualties and hopelessly s"alccl in its
rock fortress , the gallant garrison
yielded to its gallant besiegers and the
end i.s now written of the most dra
matic war incident of modern times.
Port Arthur surrendered at 9 o'clock
Sunday night. The capitulation was
preceded by a letter from General
Stoessel to General Nogi , asking under
what terms he would be allowed to
turn over the stronghold and his
Iruons. Xogi's demands were agreed
to.
The fall of the fortress was preceded
by : in attack on the main chain of
forin which there was a terrific
explosion , followed by the upheaval of
a hge pilhir of earth and stones. A
mine had been successfully exploded
at the northeast corner of the main de
fense , which , in its collapse , buried a
number of the devoted garrison. A
second explosion was heard directly
afterward from the interior of the fort ,
and a Japanese storming party , which
liid been held in readme.at once
dashed into the breach. They threw
showers of their de.-idly little hand
grenades over the wall , and amid the
smoke and confusion caused by them
the Japanese poured headlong into the
shattered works. The Mirvivors of the
garrison were quickly overpowered.
General Stoo > sel then offered to sur
render , and at ' . ) o'clock Sunday night
all of the forts were occupied.
The news that the Kussian forces at
Port Arthur have surrendered follows
upon a mouth of reverses. The siege
began almost with the firing of the
first gun in tlie war , now nearly eleven
months ago , and when perhaps the
greatest stronghold in the world was
garrisoned by 40.000 Kussian soldiers ,
supported by a formidable squadron of
modern battleships , cruisers and tor
pedo boats. These warships have been
destroyed or dispersed until only a few
torpedo boats remain in the harbor.
The garrison had been reduced to
about 15,000 men.
On Dec. 4 High ( I20rMetor hill , one
of the most commanding positions in
the series of forts held by the Rus
sians , was captured by the Japanese
after a severe tight , in which the loss
GEN. BAKON ? .OGF.
on both sides was enormous. It was .
from this hill that the deathblows were
dealt the warships that were then re phi
maining in the harbor , and afterwards the
the Japanese guns were trained upon
the town and such forts as were with yot
in range.
On Dec. 39 the East Keek wan fort
was taken by the Japanese , affording
them another advantageous position
from which to assail other forts in the
chain of defenses. Mining and sap
ping were important factors in the
capture of this position , as they were d
also in the fall of the Kihlung fort on ex
Dec. 29. the
! :
All these achievements served to cut >
.
rep
communications between the Liaotio ear
fort , destined to be the "last ditch" of feu
the defenders , from a great part of the anc
chain of forts. of
From the hour of the fall of Enst of
Keekwan events seemed to be hasten thn
nig i
ing to their culmination , for on Dec.
the
31 SungsJiu mountain fell into the
;
hands of the besiegers , and only a few
hours later the IE fort , another strong sor
sition , was captured. eve
offer to surrender because fur-
"ractical resistance is useless. "
message that General Stoessel
to General Xotri , when the Din
Tender of Port Arthur Xov
Pa
'ors over the besieged Vr
k Sunday night Yt
oli
irried between the o
' s , came as the Jet
Sev
day of blood ,
ting , toiling.
Kor
awn their
* d garri-
Siv
Yen
Mgh
as
now
nil
rfeF - ' aS
s sasei\/ms =
> V.VJ' ' te\\vm Mctoria8 / S
JAPANESE CAPTURED PORT ARTHUR.
The top map shows how the Japanese lines advanced by miles to the
gates of Port Arthur , the lower how they forced their way foot by foot
after they encountered the resistance of the forts.
STOCSSEL'S CFFER TO SURRENDER AND NOGl'S REPLY.
Ar o o'clock Sunday afternoon n Rus-
inn bearer of a Hag of truce wont into
IIP ( ir t line of tho Japam'-o position
( forp Port Arthur and handed a letter
> il.c Mikado's oilU'or-s. containing an
fiVr to surrender , as follows ;
"Judging by the miral condition ol
lie whole lino of hostile positions held
y you. I find further resistance at Por.
irtlutr useless , and for the purpose ol
iwpntinc needless sacrifice of liveJ J
ropose to hold negotiations with refer-
nc ( > to capitulation.
"Should yon consent to tho same , you
wil please appoint commissioners for
.isrv.ssing the onlor and t-ondilions re-
ardinc capitulation , and also appoint a
lace for such commissioners to meot
he same appointed by me.
< * I take this opporimrty to convey to
our excellency assurances of my re-
TOK1O WILDViTH JOY.
Cliecr and Uiirii It l Fire Over
Port Arthur's Fall.
Tokio is wildly jom ? uver the surron
fl of Port Arthur. Xev.'slioysryin
\-lras were the UIP-ST nrersIio carried
le news to the holiday rrow.ls in tiie
reels. Crowds crnbbeil ( lie papers and
periled the cries. Thus was the nows
irried thronsrhour the city and within a
w minutes the firing of aerial bomb * *
nd daylight rockets beiran in all parts
the I city. I'ands appeared and a score
small processions formed and surged
trough the principal streets. Monday
ht ! the celebration was continued with
burning of much red fire. Japan has
ud a heavy price for the Russian for-
ess. The prospect of its early po.sses-
on cheored the people as no other
rent of the war has done.
Damaged or Destroyed.
Vessel. Post. 1'ate.
oyarin . 1.1CsVMH > I'.lown
inna . . ' 5.0H ( > .0'M llrllpd.
ovil : . -l.-'JOO. * , ' ! Sunk.
aMiida ! . : ! .ooo. ! .i : > Jlnlf
eresvipt . I..V,0.Hrt Half .
ftrojmvloxsk . . " ) . . " > ( K.UWM r.Niwn up.
2 .V.
oll.ivn ! . .ri.r/NiKO
etvisan . .5iH . MO Half
in-nsropol - rfKC ) > .HM ) I usiavorthv. .
zaryvitch - r.-nn.MiO In liad bhae.
SMALLKIt CKAFT.
orictz . xl.TXio.oO'
* iio\vii ; up.
Hiidflieiir - lO > K.ijo ) ( ) DisHLiut led.
yesliitc-liii . . . l.O ! i. < xK ) Sfixcd hy .Jans.
ivoutHi < . I.oiM.fton Sruit led'
ent'sei . ] .5 < rtOOj IMown up.
torpedo no.its and destroyers also
sunk , and a , .
hlov.-n up Au - . IS. The C/in-\iich is
nt Tsin choutin * Askold at
tilt1 Diana at Sinon. : !
is
n started the war for a principle ,
will continue to light until that
-ill have been attained. This in
'ieen the attitude of tie Mi-
nent since the war oegan. an
be made in thit , ut it
.nperial understanding of
involved niliy be modified
airender of the fort.
The Japanese acceptance was returned
in the following words :
"I have the honor to reply to your
proposal to hold negotiations regarding
the conditions and order of capitulation.
For this purpose I have appointed as
commissioner Major General Ijichi , chief
of staff of our army. lie will be accom
panied by some staff officers and civil ofH-
ials. They will meet your commission-
rs Jan. 2 , noon , at Shuishiying. The
commissioners of both parties will be
empowered to sign a convention for the
capitulation without waiting for ratifica
tion , and cau e the same to take imme
diate effect. Authorization for suci plen
ary powers shall be .signed by the highest
otlirer of both the negotiating parties ,
and the same shall be exchanged by the
respective commissioners. I avail my
self of this
opportunity to
convey to your
excellency assurances of my respect.
"XOCJI. "
FIVE LEADING CAUSES OF
THE DISASTROUS WAR.
First After the I'.oxer
disturbances
the
power.agreed to maintain the territorial
Integrity of China. Russia
reserved the
right l ( occupy Manchuria
ev.-ieiiate , aureeliif : to
when
pence n > is restored.
.
April.
Uiv ) : , v.-jis the date fixed for this
tion. Tliisyi& afterward evacua
exteuded
( let. S. Russia , despite the to
objections
of
.T.ipnn , sMil continued in its
of .Manchuria. occupancy
Sucoud The fear on the part of the Jap
anese that should Russia absorb Manchu
ria it would ine\itibly follow that Russia
would absorb Korea.
-
Third The Kussian occupancy of Korea
would lie a vftal restriction of the com
niecL' and ,
peaceful 'ictivitios
of Japan ii °
the most promising field for
Japanese ; di > -
velopment in Asia.
Fourth The action of Russian agents in >
pursuing a course indicating a design to
control important strategic points.
Fifth The warlike preparations of Russia lh
in Manchuria , and Japan throughout its
in
territories , during the time when both inbe
count lies were mutually engaged in diplo be >
matic negotiations.
War News in Brief.
A large quantity of Russian ammuni or
tion was seized in China. Oli
The Japanese have sent scoutships in thi
search of the Russian Daltic fleet.
Japan will send her entire Port Ar pn
thur fleet to meet the Russian Baltic va
squadron. . ,
I i
St. Petersburg newspapers char-re the ir
Japanese with fomenting anti-foreign irn
sentiment in China.
The Russian ministry to spend at least
D.OOO on a new navy , while eon-
the war. serve to show the Rus
sians' indomitable spirit. Certainly it
the sentiment of the powers the Czar ? u
has had enough. i ? a
jjj
( Jen. Stoiwsel's
surrender does not meet 10
with a word of criticism in Russia. Even
defeat ( Jen. Stoeh-sel's wonderful de Ri
fense of Port Arthur has earned for him uu
imperishable name hi Russian mili th
tary annals.
> a
Three things te flght for honor , bu if
country nud home. ed
FAMOUS SIEGES OF MODERN TIMES.
Alexandria , Ejrypt ( Shortest sleep ou rec
ord ) taken In"two days July , ISS'J.
BudajoMarch , ISll-April , 1S11. French
compelled to surrender.
Cawapore ls"7 ! After a siepe of three
weeks the English defeuderb surieudered
and were massacred.
Cartajrena Four mouths' siem * in 1S1. , In j
which nearly all the inhabitants perished ;
surrendered to the Spaniards.
Delhi 1S57 Captured by
-May-September ,
the Hn-lish. i !
Gibraltar-(1'rincipal ( siege ) June. 1779-Oc- I
tober. 17SO Hritish , under Lord LJeath-
lield , hold the ' 'Rock. " | '
Kurs Juue-Novouiber , 1S55 Taken by the '
Russians.
Khartum February , ISSl-.Tanuary , ISSr.
Mahdl's forces storm the town and "Chi
nese" Gordon is killed.
Ladysinlth lS)0-inoo ! ) Held by the English
118 days , when the Uoers are forced to re-
tire.
Limerick 1C90-1C91 Surrcndeied to the
English.
Londonderry April-July , 1GS.O Besieging
army under King James forced to retire ,
Metz August-October , 1S70 Surrendered to
the Germans.
' 1S71 Surreni
L'aris-Septomber. ISTO-Marih , -
dtled to the Germans.
Petersburg. Va. 1SW-1SG5 Surrendered to
the federals.
IMevna April G-Dec. 10 , 1S77 Captured by
the Russians.
Richmond , Va. March , ISO-t-April , 1SG3
Taken by the federal forces.
Tort Arthur May 28. 100-1-Jan. 1 , 1005. 217
days ( The land siege i > ratically began
the dav after the capture of Nanshan ) .
Santiago Cuba June-July , lb)8 ! ) Captured
by the Americans.
Sebastopol October , 1854-Septembcr , 1S55
Caturcd ] by the allies.
Strasbnrg August SeptL'iuber , 1S70 Sur
rendered to the Germans.
Vlcksburg May 18-July 4 , 18C3 Surren-
reudercd to the federals.
STOESSEL IS CRITICISED. . |
,
Tokio Opinion on His Blowing : Up o
Itussiari Ships.
In Tokio Gen. Stoessel is boins sharpj
ly criticised for destroying the Russian
warships , attempting to choke the en-
trance to the harbor of Port Arthur aiid
dispatching the torpedo boat destroyers
to Chefoo , subsequently to his offer to
surrender the fortress. The Xichi Nichi j
says that while Gen. Stoessel made a
gallant defense , his action in blowing 0
up the ships after he had offered to snr- 0
rentier leaves a lasting blemish upon his fl
military reputation. His action indicates (
a want of sincerity and leaves no room g
for an extension of treatment of him D
commensurate with the reputation won
by the bravery and gallantry of his de- p
fense. t.
City a Smoking Knin. ! '
Xogi's officers report the fortress and °
city of Port Arthur a chaos of destruc- "
.
tion. On all sides are the hideous evi- °
.
dances . of the accurate gun fire of the
Japanese artillery. Hardly a house ia "
intact. Roofs are blown off. The suiokp
ing ruins of buildings appear on all
sides. In the harbor are seen the smokc :
tJ
!
to
be
see
of
last
in
It
and
the
UUMIAL STOHSSKL.
ng hulks of the vessels ( Jen. Stoessel
> rdered destroyed after he made tho offer
if surrender. In the streets , littered j
vith debris , are the decaying carcasses i
f an.mals. Many of them show how '
he starving people have been compelled
iy hunger to live during the last days of * f
he fortress , for one or more limbs are
nissing from every carcass , whether it Pre
e horse or dog. i
pass
Ships in Harbor Destroyed.
great
In accordance Avith AdmiralViron's
irders the disabled battleship Sevastopol _ ,
iiilside the harbor was blown up , and " "
he other large Russian ships inside the *
arbor i wore destroyed as thoroughly as T
lossible. The half-sunken ships Ret7.i- fully
an. Poltava and Pallada caught fire a ? cians
he other ships were blown up inside of him.The
nd near the entrance to the harbor. PurT
tig the siege it is estimated that the mor
apancse lost more men than the total before
umber of the fortress defenders. ehir
ehirT
ir.-irbor Choked with Wrecks. being
The fort where the negotiations for the vtile
urrender of Port Arthur were held is fast
ailed the I'ig Eagle Nest and it is near
lihlung mountain. According to the re-
orts of tho negotiations received in Che- mian
oo , Gen. Stoessol's proposal that the sd
Uissian sick and wounded should remain 9oe
utler Russian medical supervision and ture.
liat : tho Japanese transfer the non-com .
An
atants was acceptable to Gen. Xogl battle
ut tho RiiNfiian proposal that tho RURp
p
Paris
inna should march out tinder arm ? caus- "
( fen
some controversy. {
ketch
WOURNS IRCQUOIS VICTIMa
Grieves for Theater Dead on
Ann ! vermiry of Uittaatcr.
The memory of the Jroquois theater
fire laid its shadow on Chicago Friday ,
that being the first anniversary of the
disaster. In Willard Uall gathered rela
tives of victims , members of the Iroquois
Memorial Association , which proposes to
erect an emergency hospital , and surviv
ors of the fire and panic itself. There
were men whose hair has withered in
the last twelve months of suffering ;
women in whose faces furrows were im
planted by the horror of a year ago ;
children on whom the loss of brother or
sister had laid u lifelong sadness.
Fire in the Iroquois theater , in which ,
according to the coroner's records , 575
persons were killed , broke out at 3 : . ' 3
p. m. Dec. 30 , 1J)03. ) The holiday audi
ence was composed chiefly of women and
children. In the latter part of the sec
ond act , as the octet of the "Mr. Blue
beard" company was singing "In the
Pale Moonlight , " a part of the hanging
ficenery caught fire , supposedly from an
unprotected light. With the opening of
a stage door to permit the actors to es
cape a tremendous draft poured into the
theater. It carried with it into the face
of the audience a vast sheet of flame.
The asbestos curtain was started down ,
but stuck on the "spot light. " Then be-
gun the panic. The audience rose to it
feet and started to rush out. The upper
exits were choked with the bodies of
struggling victimsMany of the exits
were found closed and bolted. Nearly
all the people on the main floor managed
to force theirvny out. About seventy-
five ] on this floor lost their lives. Of ,
those ! on the first balcony about 1100 per- !
ished ] and of those who were in the gal- '
lery ] about 300 were killed. Most of
these , , victims were supposed to have died
from ] suffocation. Several of the doors
in l the foyer were found locked.
After sitting for about two weeks a
coroner's jury returned its verdict as to
responsibility in the loss of so many
lives. ] The jtirj's verdict recommended
that I ! the following be held to the grand
jury : Mayor Harrison , Fire Marshal
Mnsham ] , Building Commissioner Wilin
Hams , Will J. Davis , one of the proprient
tors of the theater ; Stage Carpenter EdC
ward Cunimings , Treasurer Thomas J.
Noonan ] , Operator William McMullen.
operator of the "spot light , " and Build
ing i Inspector Luughlin. The grand jury
indicted i Davis , Noonan and Cunimings ,
whose cases are pending before Judge
Kersten , and Williams and Laughlin.
The [ cases of the latter have not been
called.
VERMONT WOMAN TO HANG.of
of the State Refuses Mercy
to 'Mrs. Mary KojjCra. I
No one can see Mrs. Mary Rogers , the
Vermont woman , condemned to death by
hanging Feb. 3. She is in her solitary
cell : in the State prison at Windsor and
has been since Nov. 1. Mrs. Rogers has
not suffered mentally to such degree that
it j has undermined her health or aged her
looks. j On the contrary , from the freely
expressed opinions of the members cf the
Legislative Committee which journeyed
from Montpelier to Windsor to make the
biennial inspection of the institution , she
is | doing little worrying.
The members saw her on their rounds
of the prison , and the remark made by
one of them later on that she "looked
* '
fine was concurred in by the others.
Other information trickling out from the
guards who have had charge of her de
notes that her mental attitude toward .
the terrible nature of her crime or her n'
present situation is of
"
. a light-minded na-
tnre. t"
Sue expects that the Governor will th
order a stay of proceedings , which will II
throw the onus of her execution upon to
another Legislature , two years hence ,
when her chances are again good for hav
ing her sentence commuted to life im-
prisonment.
She does not fret under the prison dis-
cipline , and indeed , now she is in soli
tary confinement , the hours of rising and
compulsory work are not as rigid as Coi
when she formed in line and went forth -j
daily labor about the institution. The
matron gives her such occupation as can te.
taken up in her cell , and sees to her
meals and other requirements. She can f
any of the town clergymen she wni
chooses , but up to now Chaplain Fuller GC
the prison has been her spiritual line
adviser.
A
The gallows to be
used is the same gta :
used twenty-two ye.irs ago , when the { jj
murderer to be hanged in the State -
was dealt with. The machine was then
taken to pieces and put away. It is not sm
because there has been no murder done
Vermont for twenty-two years that ' *
has not been used. Murders have been cns
rather frequent , but the power of the look
Legislature to commute sentence or to
approve of Bending to the asylum for the [ pen
insane has been worked to the utmost , . jlaj. . - ,
there are at present three murderers " *
under commuted sentence in the State
prison and a couple in the hospital for °
insane.
Jt
i
King Peter of Servia is in daily dread
assassination. '
The Shah of Persia has decorated
President Francis of the St. Louis fair.
The fortune of the house of Bismarck
passes to a boy of 7. lie bears the
chancellor's name of Otto.
The Duke of Fife , son-in-law of lung
Edward , is said to be the only total
abstainer in the English House of Lords.
The Japanese Emperor looks so care
after his health that .four physi
are in constant attendance upon
.
The late Sir James Steel , who erected
houses in Edinburg than
anj mau , ,
pum
him , was the sou of a Lanarkfje
fanner.
irsll
The colossal statue of Prince Bismarck
erected at Hamburg will be un- jsa
in 190G. Its height is over fifty i3 no
, , and th sword is thirty-six feet the
Mr. Sokol Tuma , a celebrated Bohe-1 and
mthor and editor , now in the Unit-
States , says this country is the onJj ' Th
m the world with a really great futhe >
.
. i Bpeci
: immense panoramic picture of tk Phili
of Waterloo is being painted in '
by Joseph Van DTiehften. H baJ Pa
STUMS of 300 000 ntn jn tb mfb been
Puna.
Edwartl CharKs O'Suilivan Atidieks.
who sporns to be tb. > central liyura
illuminated by the Lawson "frenzied
fmancf" disclos-
'GAS" ADDICKS.
un s , was born in
P li i 1 a drlpbia ill
1841 , began bis
career selling dress
roods in a depart
ment store , after
ward went into the
llnur business , and
at the age of 21
-\\i\s called "a
smart fellow. " In
1SS4 he began hi ?
spectacular d e a 1 -
in gas by organizing me iay
State j ( Gas Company of Boston. His
gas , operations quickly spread to sev
eral cities , and with an immense for
tune he went , in IS S. in quest of a
seat in the United States Senate from
the State of Delaware. During the
last fifteen years he has made repeat
ed trials for the gratification of his
ambition , flooding Delaware with
money and creating a national scandal
.
bjhis political methods.
"
"
The new commissioner of Indian af
fairs , Francis E. Leupp. has been for
mi
dians and held the
same position un
der the Cleveland
.
administration , re
signing ' ' in 1S07
Mr. Leupp w ;
born in New York
in 1849 and grad-i
nted from William-
College < in 1870 am'
from the Columbia
Law School two
years later. For a
X' - "jpsf "j
. &S > J
time he was editor11' 'Nvia t-- i- " ' .
and part owner of the Syracuse Herald
and since 1SS9 has been ia charge of
tin Washington bureau of the New
York Evening Post. He is a member
of the Soas of the American Revolu
tion and is a close friend of. the Presi
dent.
. . . t
*
Azcarraga is the new prime minis
ter of Spain , succeeding Antonio Mau
ra ' who , with his entire cabinet , re
signed a few
days ago. be
cause the king
would not con
firm nominations
made by them.
To Gen. Azcar-
raga lias been
intrusted the for
mation of a new
cabinet. He is a
Filipino by birth
and is the first
ufc.x. AZCAHUACr v. of his race to
ise to such a high distinction in Spain ,
[ e received his portfolio principally
trough an intimate acquaintance with
je queen mother of King Alfonso.
Le is a man of education and is said
> be thoroughly qualified for the biff
isk before him.
,
The late George G. Vest left an ea
tte of $150,000.
Gus S. Conde , who represents Grant
ouuty in the Indiana Legislature ,
ill ] ] introduce a bill to abolish the
eath , oenaltv as a
jnishment for
ime. Mr. Conde
as a deputy pros-
c u t i ng attorney
ider William M.
m s d c n whe'i
ate's Attorney in
i e , forty-eighth
dicial district. As
ic-b be a isted in
1C trial of a num-
r of murder
ULb b.
ses. < He has .
into the question of the death
tialty ! for crime and is convinced
.
it the death penalty should be abol-
ed. Mr. Conde will back up his
by active support from all sections
the State.
movement is on foot to erect a inon-
ent to "Dan" Einmett , a minstrel , the
hor of "Dixie. "
inrcrnon Gnner.il Rixov. T'niterl Stnfos
States Navy , en
joys the dis
tinction of hav
ing been deco
rated by the King
of Spain because
of services to om-
cers and men of
the Santa Maria ,
a Spanish war
ship , on the occa
sion of n fntnl
DR. EECEY. explosion on that
ship.
'illiam Bell Cooper , for twentr-fiv *
s an employe of thn National"mu -
i at Washington , is deud. Much of
metal construction of Prof. Langlev's
"
*
lip was his handiwork.
" " J ' "
aiah F. Montgomery
, born a slave ,
> w the owner of the plantation onc
property of Jefferson Davis , fa Mia-
ppi. Montgomery is a typical neero
is worth $200,000.
_
* * "
ae Rer. Father Stanton has seat to
National museum at Wa hinrton 152
imans : of parasites gathered in tho
ippinet ] during thre years past.
* * " " "
itrick Golvin of New Orleans has
appointed assistant engineer of th
ima ctmal.
