The retreat of Russians from Liao-
c ; , at first orderly , 'developed into a
night to Mukden. Kuropatkin did
stop at Mukden , but continued his
: fiigiit toward Harbin. His rear guard
Was in continuous fighting since the
tretreat from Liaoyang began , men fall-
Ing by thousands under the terrific fire
of the relentless and tireless Japanese.
'Who clung to the retreating army like
leeches. The Russians , in dire panic ,
fled for their lives , abandoning their
runs to lighten their burdens , and leav
ing their dead where they fell. So
trantic was the despairing rush toward
Mukden that the Russians were unable
to care for their wounded , leaving men ,
In throes of anguish , lying in the road-
Tvnys , to fall into the hands of the Jap
anese.
Many soldiers , losing their self-con
trol under the terrible strain , attempt
ed to seek safety by llight. The Rus
sian officers. dJishing among the men ,
used their revolvers freely , shooting
down many of them in an attempt to
ieep the troops in some semblance of
order.
Dispatches via London Thursday
reported that the Russian army , again
defeated in another terrific battlo
that raged furiously for hours live
miles south of Mukden , rushed through
tthat city in a mad flight toward Ilar-
ibin , 205 miles northeast.
General Kuropatkin , leading the
battered rear guard of the army , did
-.not delay in the ancient city. Leav-
ing orders that the men should hum *
on as rapidly as possible and still
ieep up a semblance of resistance to
Uie pursuing Japanese , he hurried
"through the city to the north to gath
er Ills scattered forces. The line of
the Russian retreat has grown longer
.ami more straggling each day , cover-
Ing twenty-live or thirty miles , with
the Japanese sharpshooters on each
,6ide , snipping at them continually , and
killing hundreds on their flght. It is
claimed that more than 21,000 Rus
sians have been lost since the flight
from Liaoyang.
Five miles south of Mukden the flee-
SS OF THE
v
I
Russian Retreat Was a Rout.
TIGHTENING THE LINES.
JAPANESE BLOWN UP.
Column of 70O Annihilated by Klec-
tric Mine Placed by Russians.
A Japanese column numbering approx
imately 700 men. while marching along
at night on a road in the valley , met a
frightful disaster through the explosion
of an electric land mine. The mine was
carefully laid by the Russians three
weeks ago. It covered nearly a mile of
available marching space. The explo
sive was placed at the bottom. Rocks
were placed next and on top of these
clay was packed so carefully that tlu >
ground grave the impression of not having
been disturbed.
.The indications of Japanese activity in
the vicinity put the Russians on guard.
Near midnight the outposts rushed in and
reported that the Japanese were ap
proaching. The Russians withheld their
searchlight coldly lighted up the road and
hillsides strewn with dead. The follow
ing day the Russians buried the dead ,
but owing to their dismembered and mu
tilated condition the Russians were un
able to accurately estimate the number
of killed.
PREDICT LONG STRUGGLE.
London Papers Think the War Has
Just Begun.
What is termed the Japanese iupene-
trable silence reduces English comment
on the events at the seat of war to a
minimum. As dispu.-hes : to the Asso
ciated Press from St. Petersburg have
continuously painted out , every develop
ment now lies with the Japanese , in
whose hands is the initiative. The fa
natical disregard for death displayed on
both sides and the ability to keep an
HOW THE RUSS'ANS DIE AT THEIR GUMS.
This spirited picture by R. Caton WoodvUle , the celebrated artist of the Illustrated London News , depicts a scene
it the battle of KaJping , but fits with wonderful fidelity some of the incidents described in the stories of the sanguinary
Conflict before Liaoyang.
ting Russians turned and again at-
tempted to make a final desperate
-.stand against fieir relentless foes.
.For hours the battle raged. The fire
uf the Japanese light artillery , which
; hart not been left behind in the pur
suit , was terrific and mowed down the
Russians by hundreds. Corpses
strewed the battlefield. For the length
.of time the fighting continued it was
-the most sanguinary battle of the war.
The Japanese , seeing the awful ef
fect of their machine gun fire on the
Jlussinns. charged with fixed bayonets ,
.disdaining to use their rifles. Charge
.nftor charge they made with reckless
bravery. The battle became a furi
ous hand-to-hand conflict and degen
erated into a butchery as the Jap-
.anesp pushed the Russians back. Then
-the line of the Czar's troops broke , and
they turned again in flight.
* ni " It is now 'apparent that Oyama's
purpose by pressing llu Russian posi
tions in front of Liaoyaug was to hold
Kuropatkin's attention while the Jip-
.ane.so right wing was thrust around
the Russian rear to block fhe Russian
line of retreat. Hut Kuropatkiu. at
Its very inception , hart his eyes upon
this flanking movement and countered
by early withdrawal of his main army
to the right bank of the Taitse river ,
changing his front to meet and hold
Gen. Kuroki In check while Gen. Za-
roubaieff's corps , at Liaoyang , crossed ,
burning the bridges behind him and
placing the river between him and
Gen. Oku.
fire for some time. Suddenly they threw
a searchlight up the valley. The Japan
ese opened with a rifle fire. The Rus
sians waited until apparently the whole
Japanese column was in the danger zone.
Then the mine was exploded. The forcp
$ f m
U p
'M $
ii i
l- :
T i & \
ys'4o"P'J' : ! ' # ! W : rM K.J-W' . : (
&M Mil MElJ-MuOkWil U-.fi
FILXI ) ilAKSUAL OYAMA.
of tlie explosion knocked a number of
Russians down and the sight of Japan
ese rifles , water bottles , legs and arms
hurtling through the lighted space made
by a searchlight was an awful spectacle.
Some rocks landed inside the Russian
lines. There was one appalling moment
during which the garrison itself was
stunned , then a deathlike silence. The
army in being , either from offensive or
defensive point of view and under con
ditions considered to be prohibitive , has
done more to convince the English press
of the desperate character of the struggle
being waged in the far East than all the
dispatches that have emanated from
Tokio or St. Petersburg declaring that
neither the Japanese nor the Russians
will over give in.
In place of endeavoring to follow the
minute progress of the campaign , London
newspapers somewhat hopelessly devote
editorials preparing the English public
to be witnesses that the war will be
longer drawn out and more terrible in
every respect than any within recent
centuries.
War News in Brief.
The Japanese are reported to hav '
cut off the reservoirs at Port Arthur and
to occupy new positions.
Soven hundred Japanese are reported
to have been blown up by a mine while
advancing on Port Arthur.
The St.
Petersburg government ap
proves American and British terms re-
j garding contraband of war.
The commander of the French mail
steamer Ocoanica says fomJapanese
warships searched his vessel , detaining
him five hours.
The Novoe Vremya of St. Petersburg
urges the appointment of Kuropatkin
as commander-m-chief of the Russian
forces in the East.
Dr. Emil G. ILirsch , woh has just re
turned to Chicago from Europe , says
the assassination of Plelive will have a
tendency toward peace between Russia
and
STRIKE JS AT AN END.
LABOR TROUBLES AT PACKING
CENTERS SETTLED.
Butcher "Workmen Accept Terms Pro
posed by J.Oijden Armour OldVajes
to Prevail Packers A ree to Take
Former Employes ) Back.
The great stockyards strike in Chi
cago reached an end at midnight
Thursday. On terms similar to those
proposed the previous week by J. Og-
den Armour , the Amalgamated Meat
Cutters' and Butcher Workmen's
Union took the initiative Thursday
evening and declared the strike at an
end , so far as their organization was
concerned.
Acknowledging the defeat of Ms or
ganization and insisting that the offers
of intermediaries should be received as
a solution of the industrial difficulties ,
President Donnelly assumed an atti
tude of leadership that had been taken
from him by the allied trades confer
ence board , and in an impassioned ad
dress to representatives of the various
packing trades forced the end of the
strike.
After a day of meetings , conferences
and voting , the struggle that began
July 12 reached a finale when complete
authority to act at his own discretion
was placed in the hands of President
Donnelly.
Within an hour the packers had been
apprised of the situation , and had an
swered that the old men would be re
ceived back at any time under the
terms which were rejected by the ref
erendum. More satisfactory conditions
for both employers and employes are
embodied in the agreement.
Terms Accepted by Strikers.
The terms offered by the packers
and accepted by the leaders of the
butchers are as follows :
The packers agree to give work to as
many of the strikers as nro needed , giv
ing preference in future to the old men
in hiring employes.
Present non-union employes to be kept
so far as they wish to remain.
Wages of skilled men to be the same
as before the strike.
The packers agree to trait the labor
ers fairly and declare that in the future
the plants will be run more evenly the
six days of the week.
The Union Stock Yards and Transit
Company to reinstate all striking live
stock handlers as rapidly as possible.
The butcher workmen and members
of the allied trades began Friday to
apply for their positions. There will
be no wholesale discharge of the col
ored and foreign laborers who have
acted as strike breakers.
Hope in the Future.
The return of the strikers to the
packing houses after almost nine weeks
of voluntary idleness will not imme
diately bring to an end the dispute
which started the strike , the matter
of a reduction of the pay of the un
skilled men , but better conditions of
employment are augured. More work ,
less politics and amicable adjustment
of differences will probably follow the
ratification of the peace pact. Cur
tailment of the working hours has
been one general cause of discontent
among the packing house employes.
In the past the butcher workers and
their immediate associates have not
been given full time because the ad
justment of unskilled laborers to the
work did not permit the rapid disposi
tion of the carcasses and by-products.
Often the butchers were given only
four full days of work during the
week. In solving the problem of break
ing in strike breakers the packei-s
reached a solution of the difficulty , and
now declare that they can give the
skilled men a full week of work and
handle their output.
History of the Strike.
The strike , the largest in Chicago
for ten years , was called July 12 , after
the packers had announced a reduc
tion in wages of the unskilled men
from Ii > cents an hour to IG1cents. .
The men made a demand for a raise
to IS1cents. . An agreement to sub
mit the matter to arbitration was made
July 20 , and the strike declared settled.
July 22 the men returned to work ,
but struck again in an hour on the
ground that there had been discrimina
tion in hiring them back. July 2G the
allied workers walked out on a sym
pathetic strike.
Campaign Jlarchinsr Clubs.
The great years for party marching
clubs were 1S40 , 18GO and 1SSO. In 1840
the clubs were Harrison boomers , and
did much toward rousing the excitement
which defeated "Little Van" and put
"Tippecanoe and Tyler , too , " into office.
There were no clubs of that sort on the
Democratic side in that year. In 18GO
appeared the Wide-Awakes , on Lincoln's
side , which were by far the most numer- .
ous and famous of all the campaign uni
formed organizations which the United
States has seen. Douglas had some uni
formed clubs , the "Little Giants" and
others , but numerically they were much
weaker than their Republican antagonists
and attracted less attention. The great
campaign clubs of 1SSO , the Garfield and
Arthur campaign , were the Boys in Blue.
Clubs carrying full dinner pails were
features of the McKiuley campaigns.
Kansas has 119 cities and towns with
1,000 inhabitants or more , according to
a compilation of the assessors' and coun
ty clerks' official returns for 190-i lately
completed by the State Board of Agri
culture , as against 118 belonging to such
'list last year.
The body of a man was found beside
the Union Pacific tracks between Yiuing
and Clifton , Kan. His neck was broken.
He is believed to have fallen from a
train while stealing a ride. Papers , on
his person lead to the belief that he was
Walter Kemp of Roumania , Ind.
FIGURES SHOWING MAGNITUDE
OF STOCK YARDS' STRIKE.
I Strike b ( : nn July 1'J.
Mm .n strike In Chicago 20.024
Men ou strike In other cities M.OOO
Total men on strike 01,024
! Loss to strikers In wages $ 3,500,000
Lose to packers 6.000,000
Loss to stockmen 2COO.COO
, Total money losses 512.000,000
raid to striker"in benefits $100,000
I'ald by packers In Increased
u-atres - . . . 2oO,000
Number of cattle tied up ou
ranges L'30,000
Number of sheep tied up on _
ranges 275,000
Number of , hogs tied up on
ranges ; 3SO.OOO
Number of labor unions Involved. J > 0
"VVives and children of strikers. . . 230,000
Number of days on strike EG
Number of cities Involved 12
LOSH to the public by Increased
price of meats ? 5,000.000
MOVING THE CROPS.
West and South Require Millions of
Money for This Purpose.
The annual movement of money from
New York , the financial center of the
country , to the West and Sotrfh , to "move
the crops , " has begun , says the Toledo
Blade. In the ordinary business of the
country , a transfer of credits is the main
feature ; but when it cornea to harvest
ing , threshing and moving the grain crop ,
the picking , ginning and packing of cot
ton , the demand is for actual money.
Hence each year , from the end of August
to about the middlrit November , the
demand for currency comes on the finan
cial centers. Money goes West and
South by millions of dollars in the ag
gregate. It is paid out to farmers and
planters , who in turn pay their labor and
other expenses , and purchase their fall
supplies. About mid-November this is all
done , and the tide of currency turns to
ward the financial centers once more.
This annual movement has the certainty
and regularity of the tides of the sea.
All over the country there are banks
in the county seats and the larger towns
and villages. The farmers and business
men deposit therein thedr surplus funds.
One of these country banks , say in an in
terior town in Iowa , finds that it has a
larger amount of money oir hand than
it can use in loans and discounts. ltd
officials do not allow this cash to remain
idle in the vault. They send this unused
surplus to the bank in Chicago with
which it does business , receiving interest
thereon. The Chicago institution , finding
that it also has more money than it
can profitably use , sends its surplus
funds to its correspondent in New York.
This is simply an example and illustra
tion of whnt is going on nil over the
country. The small banks send the funds
they do not require to the larger centers ,
which in turn send their excess to the
great financial centers , of which New
York is die chief. The result is a gen
eral movement of money during the sum
mer to the East.
The banks of New York City often
have a total of such funds from the in
terior of 400 millions or more in August ,
on which they pay 2 per cent interest.
When the harvest and
crop-moving pe
riod comes , usually about Sept. 1 , the
country banks are called on by their cus
tomers the farmers and planters , the
grain buyers , the cotton factors for
money to meet this annual expenditure.
When the Iowa bank , mentioned above ,
finds , this demand beginning , it calls on
its C'hicago correspondent for the funds
deposited. The Ohicago bank in turn
calis on the New York bank for its bal
ance. And as this is true of all the coun
try banks , the result is a heavy move
ment of money from the great financial
centers out into the country.
This demand for crops , as above stat
ed , will end about the middle of No
vember , and the return flow of money to
the Bast will begin , and continue during
December and January. In February ,
the New York banks generally have the
largest amount of deposits from the in
terior. When spring opens , there is a
smaller outward movement , to provide
funds for planting the crops. Then comes
die summer dullness , and a return flow
of money eastward sets in , which lasts
until the crops begin to move.
Never does the Chinese Boxer overlook
an opportunity to create a barrel of trou
ble.
According to the latest quotations , Co
lumbian half dollars are still firm at 50
cents.
As compared with real war , mimic war
may be said to be a mild edition of pur
gatory.
Gen. Stakelberg has become historic
already as the hero who escaped from
the Japanese.
In tiie military dictionary used by
Kuroki an army's flank is defined as
"something to be turned. " '
Dirigible balloons are all right. The
trouble is that the world fails to rotate
the right way under them.
Let us hope that the oyster will not
prove susceptible to the "sympathetic"
influences of the price of meat.
If the Chinese Boxers really hanker
for another international expedition to
Fekin they know how to get it.
Prof. Benbow successfully steered his
airship for 500 yards at St. Louis. But
it's a thousand miles to Washington.
Advance styles in fall millinery show
that the possibilities of ugliness in head
gear had not been exhausted before.
The Brooklyn man who lived on grass
for six months seems to have succeeded
in reducing a meat diet to its first prin
ciples.
The very finest of dancing "creations"
has been introduced to the dancing pro
fessors at their convention at St. Louis.
What has become of the "very finest"
novelty of last year ?
As Japan could not begin to pay its
soldiers what their fighting qualities are
worth it is probably quite as reasonable
to pay them 45 cents a month as some
larger amount.
It is said to take from ten to twenty
ncres of land to fatten a steer. But
even this does not furnish an .entirely
satisfactory explanation of the high price
of a porterhouse steak.
THE WEEKLY
One Hundred Years Ago.
Congress provided that an equivalent
of malt liquors or wine should be sub
stituted for a ration of spirits at such
seasons of the year as , in the opinion
of the President , It would be advisable
to make the" change In order to pro
mote the health of the soldiers.
Russian troop ships were in the Bos
porus , to protect Turkish and Greek
provinces from the French.
Seventy-five Years Ago.
In political circles of Paris an alli
ance between England , Russia and
Austria was talked of , to be opposed
by another between France and Prus
sia.
sia.The
The purchase of Texas by the United
States was the subject of much discus
sion by the American and foreign
press.
President Jackson ordered the naval
forces of the United States to the coast
of Mexico to aid American citizens re
siding there.
Fifty Years Ago.
Grand opera was produced in Castlo
Garden , New York , by Giulia Grisi.and
Sig. Mario.
King Leopold of Belgium arrived at
Boulogne on a visit to Napoleon.
The allied French and English
forces made an attack by sea and land
on Petropaulovski.
The allied Pacific squadron buried
their dead at Tarenski , and in a crip
pled condition left Petropaulovski for
San Francisco.
Jerome Bonaparte , formerly of the
United States army , was made a lieu
tenant of French dragoons.
Forty Years Ago.
John Morgan , the Confederate raid
er , was reported by Secretary Stanton
to have been killed at Greenville ,
Teiin.
General Sherman had broken hi3
communications at Nashville and was
on his way toward Atlanta.
Sherman , having taken Atlanta , had
pushed his campaign twenty-seven
miles to the southward , in pursuit of
General Hood.
President Lincoln issued a proclama
tion of thanksgiving because of the
successes of Farragut at Mobile and
Sherman at Atlanta.
General Richard Oglesby , then can
didate for Governor of Illinois , ad
dressed a union mass meeting of more
than 15,000 at Freeport
The Supreme Court of California
decided that San Francisco must issue
$4,000,000 bonds in aid of the Central
Pacific Railroad.
Thirty Years Ago.
Governor W. P. Kellogg , of Louis
iana , placed a price of § 5,000 on the
heads of the participants in the "Cou-
shatta affair , " in which a number of
Republican office-holders were killed
by a mob.
The reported discovery of gold near
Carroll , Mont. , started hundreds of for
tune hunters in that direction :
The discovery of a ledge of gold
bearing rock in Montgomery County ,
Maryland , was announced.
Shanghai dispatches reported the
settlement of the controversy between
France and Japan over Formosa.
Professor King's balloon , Buffalo ,
with a party of newspaper men , made
an ascent at Cleveland , Ohio , and ,
after twenty-four hours' voyage , land
ed near Port Huron , Mich. , nearly 500
miles away.
Twenty Years Ago.
Because of the prevalence of pleuro-
pneumonia among cattle , a quarantine
was declared on Cass , Kane , Du Page ,
Peoria , Whiteside , Morgan and Schuy-
ler counties , Illinois.
Henry E. Abbey was reported to
have paid $10,000 for an interest in the
Porte St. Martins Theater , Paris , in. '
order to secure Sarah Bernhardt for an.
American tour.
Fifty acres of lumber yard and
frame buildings in Cleveland , Ohio ,
were burned over with a loss of $2-
000,000.
It was the gossip of Wall street that
the Vanderbilt family had lost $50,000-
000 in unfortunate speculation within
a few months.
Ten Years Ago.
George W. Peck was nominated a
third time by the Democrats of Wis
consin for Governor.
Labor day was observed for the first
time as a legal holiday throughout the
country.
One hundred and thirty-four uniden
tified dead , victims of the forest fire ,
were buried at Hinckley , Minn. Fires
were threatening Ashland and Waah-
Imrne , Wis.
