: \
'NATION'S MONUMENT
TO ITS IMMORT/ DEAD AT AR
LINGTON CEMETERY ,
Tlie Beautiful Spot Near Washington
City in Which Thousands of Known
-and Unknown Heroes Await the
JKcHuxrcctiou Trumpet's Call.
t
*
I ,
RLINGTON may
truly be called
"the nation's mon
ument to its im
mortal dead. " It
would be hard to
conceive of a
more beautiful
place in which to
rest after life's
fitful fever than
in this sacred
spot. It is located
on the Virginian
about three miles southwest of
.Washington , on the old Georgetown and
Alexandria pike , a road which a hundred
. -years ago wus the principal means of
communication for all of that part of the
-country. It rises beyond the river in ter
raced hills , while every foot of ground for
miles around it was the scene of the great
"drama of the civil war.
The story of Arlington itself is full of
historic interest. It was the property of
George Washington's adopted son , George
Washington Purlce Custis , and he built
the old mansion in 1802. Into this house
he brought his bride , Mary Lee Fitzhugh ,
.and here he spent the remainder of his
life , as a quiet country gentleman without
ever giving any evidence of possessing
muc-h of the spirit of his honored grand-
-sire. lie left but one living child , Mary
Randolph Custis , who married Robert E.
3 > r in 1S31 , and they lived at Arlington
until the outbreak of the war , at which
linii' they left it never to return. During
- - thevar it was used as headquarters for
the commanders of the Union troops that
were quartered on the grounds. Wash
ington was the hospital base of all the
.surrounding country , and thousands of
wounded soldiers were carried there to
die. The cemetery of the Soldiers' Home
-became overcrowded , and what to do with
-the soldier dead became a very serious
-question. Then it was that Quartermas
ter General Megis ordered that Arlington
should be used as a burying ground for
the Union soldiers.
It is interesting in this connection to
.note that the first soldier buried at Ar
lington was a rebel prisoner of wnr. In
1S ( > 7 it was declared a national cemetery ,
-and , a number of years afterwards , the
Government paid to the Lee family the
price they agreed upon for it. The estate
contains about 1,100 acres and the 200
acres surrounding the mansion is used for
"burial purposes , while all of the rest is a
magnificent park. The house is modeled
-after the temple Theseus at Athens , and
-consists of a center 00 feet long ; two
wings , and a portico in the front , 25 feet
wide , with six massive doric columns ,
which are (50 ( feet high. The view from
this porch is surpassingly beautiful. To
- the north lie Fort Meyer and George
town. Extending away to the east across
the Potomac lies the proud city of the nation -
tion Washington with its legislative
TOMIJ OF UNKNOWN DEAD.
hall of granite and marble , while just be
yond it glitters the gilded dome of the
Congressional Library building. The
mansion is surrounded by a broad drive
way , and from it the well-kept walks lead
-in and out among the flower beds.
In a perfect grove of forest and ornamental -
: mental trees , over a level plateau that extends -
tends from the western wall of the ceme
tery to the mansion , is the general bury
ing ground where thousands of the private
soldiers lie. In this section the head
stones are all alike , simple marble slabs
rising about two feet from the ground ,
bearing the names and regiments of those
"whose graves they mark. Directly south
-of the house is a most interesting plot of
.ground. Right in its center is what is
known as the Temple of Fame. It is a
circular structure aud is composed of eight
columns , surmounted by a dome , which
rest : ? on an octagonal cornice of stone
work. Set in this cornice are the names
of Washington , Lincoln , Grant and Far-
ragut. There is also carved on each of
the pillars one of the following illustrious -
ous names : McIMierson , Sedgxvick , , lley-
nolds , Humphrey , Garfield , Mansfield ,
Thomas and Mostly. This temple is seen
in the background of the illustration of
the Tomb of the Unknown. During the
summer months the names of our famous
generals appear in floral letters in this
plot. .Immediately west of the Temple
is the Tomb of the Unknown Dead , and
contains the bodies of 2,111 soldiers who
were picked up after the battle of Bull
"Run , and who could not be identified. It
is one of the most touching sights.
There are four magnificent entrance
.gates to Arlington , of which , perhaps ,
the one known as the Sheridan is the
-most interesting. It is of four mam-
anoth white marble columns , which were
-originally in the War Department at
3 s
THE ARLINGTON MANSION.
"Washington , but when it was destroyed
iby fire in 1879 , they were saved , ami wore
placed at Arlington as a gateway , and
named in honor of "Little Phil. " All the
driveways converge to the house , and on
the eastern slope of the hill in front of
the mansion lie some of the most distin
guished officers of flie war. |
ARE HEROES ALL !
LONG with the tears shed over the graves of those
fallen there is mingled pride in the patriotic deeds
and heroic achievements of both the dead and the living. Within the
past year Liberty has spoken a new fiat. The note of the bugle and
roar of the cannon have been heard , and tyrannical shackles have been
stricken from a people long enslaved. To accomplish this American
soldiers volunteered , and from shot , disease and weariness many died.
Some of them sleep in Arlington and some in the family lot in ths
little church yard , but there are others who lie buried on barren Cuban
hillsides , and still others in the tropical jungles of the Philippines erin
in the depths of the sea.
No matter what differences of opinion may exist as to the war policy of the
Government , seventy-five millions of people are a unit in doing honor to the
nation's dead , wherever they lie , and in praising the courage and bravery of
American soldiers , whether they marched with Sherman or with Lee , stormed the
blockhouses at El Caney , worked the guns for Dewey or swam the alligator-
infested rivers of Luzon. Sons of the veterans who faced each other on the
terrible battlefields of the South have within a twelvemonth fought and fallen
side by side. Their blood has effectually wiped out the last vestige of sectional
lines , and the stars and stripes now have the same meaning the country over.
This year we crown Shiloh anew. We commemorate Chickamauga and Cor
inth , Antietam and Appomatox all the historic spots where heroes fell and which
sacred grief immortalizes. But there are now new graves graves across two
oceans to be decorated. The aged widow of the soldier whose tomb has been a
mecca for devotion these thirty odd years , in this month of budding flowers and
glorious greenery , shares tears and love with those of a later generation , who have
reason to remember Santiago and San Juan , Manila and Malolos with sorrow.
America reverently honors the memory of her dead and eulogizes the patri
otic heriosm of her living. Their deeds will never be forgotten by a grateful
nation. Heroes all the dead and the living ; the mingled emotions of sorrow and
pride that sway the great popular heart , like the brooding protecting wings
of a cherishing presence , hover alike over the peaceful village cemetery and the
grave in the island jungle. Garlands wither and flowers lose their fragrance , but
the glory of the nation's heroes shall bloom on forever.
"OLD ABE. "
Live Wai- Eagle Which Accompanied
the Eichtli Wisconsin Regiment.
"Old Abe" was the live war eagle which
accompanied the Eighth Wisconsin regi
ment during the war of the rebellion. Old
Abe was a fine specimen of the bald eagle.
Ararimis stories are told of his capture ,
but the most trustworthy account is that
Chief Sky , a Chippewa Indian , took him
from the nest while an eaglet. The nest
was found on a pine tree in the Chippewa
country , about three miles from the
mouth of the Flambeau , near some rapids
in the river. He and another Indian cut
the tree down , and , amid the menaces of
the parent birds , secured two young engles
about the size of prairie hens. One of
them died. The other , which lived to be
come historical , was sold to Daniel Mc-
Cann for a bushel of corn. McCann car
ried it to Eau Claire , and presented it tea
a company then being organized as a part
of the Eighth Wisconsin infantry.
Old Abe was called by the soldiers the
"new recruit from Chippewa , " and sworn
into the service of the United States by
encircling his neck with red , white and
blue ribbons , and by placing on his breast
a rosette of colors , after which he was
carried by the regiment into every engage
ment in which it participated , perched
upon a shield in the shape of a heart. A
few inches above the shield was a grooved
crosspiece for the eagle to rest upon , on
"OLD ABE. "
either end of which were three arrows.
When in line Old Abe was always carried
on the left of the color bearer , in the van
of the regiment. The color bearer wore a
belt to which was attached a socket for
the end of the staff , which was about five
feet in length. Thus the eagle was high
above the bearer's head , in plain sight of
the column. A ring of leather was fasten
ed to one of the eagle's legs , to which was
connected a strong litnip cord about twen
ty feet long.
Old Abe was the hero of about twenty-
five battles , and as many skirmishes. Re
markable as it may appear , not one bearer
of the flag , or of eagle , always shining
marks for the enemy's rifles , was ever shot
down. Once or twice Old Abe suffered
the loss of a few feathers , but he was
never wounded. The great bird enjoyed
the excitement of carnage. In battle he
flapped his wings , his eyes blazed , and
with piercing screams , which arose above
the noise of the conflict , seemed to urge
the company on to deeds of valor. Old
Abe knew his own regiment from every
other , would always accompany its cheer ,
and never that of any other regiment.
Having served three years , a portion of
the members of Company C were muster
ed out , and Old Abe was presented to the
State of Wisconsin. For many years on
occasions of public exercises or review ,
like other illustrious veterans , he excited
in parade universal and enthusiastic at
tention. He occupied pleasant quarters
in the State capitol at Madison , Wis. , un
til his death at an advanced age.
of leaf and bough
Wreaths of greenery , vine and spray ,
Bring their glowing splendor now
lu garlands for Memorial Day.
Blossoming beauty stars the grass
In forms of grace , with varied hue.
Even the fleecy clouds that pass
Springtime's wondrous charms review.
Troops of swallows speck the air.
What can be more blithe than they ?
Hurtling here and darting there ,
The light-winged cavalry of May.
Blandly , too , the zephyr's breath
Stirs with tender touch the flowers ,
To say thnt rising life , not death ,
Is master of these golden hours.
For who can deem our heroes dead
Wheu May's fair blossoms crown their
sleep
And every grave Is garlanded ?
On fame's bright scroll their names we
keep.
Somewhere in climes of fairer hue
Than comes to any earthly May ,
To honor nnd to duty true ,
Life must have come to them. And they
No move in conflict or in toil
Need mingle in stern battle's roar ,
In realms where nothing shall assail ,
And life is theirs forevermore.
Though dumb to-day the cannon's mouth.
While beauty springs from bud nnd spray ,
And all the winds are soft and south ,
Let reverence crown Memorial Day.
Joel Beuton.
Significance of the Day.
There is a melancholy pleasure in con
sidering this great anniversary , second
only in importance to Fourth of July , but
overshadowed by a vastly different senti
ment. Independence Day is the birthday
of American freedom. Memorial Day may
well be called its day of baptism and con
secration. On this occasion we turn from
the everyday concerns of life and give
ourselves up to the contemplation of acts
of heroism that raise humanity above the
common level and link it more closely to
the Divine Spirit. These heroes whose
graves we strew with flowers gave their
lives for their country ; sacrificed them
selves and all that they possessed that lib
erty and peace as established by the Con
stitution of the United States might be
freed from the bands that had been
thrown around them , and might flourish
nntrammeled , unconditioned and without
reproach.
How to Teach Patriotism.
Perhaps the great poem of the civil
war is yet to write ; some hand perhaps
now unborn may one day send a great
epic of it ringing down the ages. Yet
while we wait for it the poet's pen has not
been idle aud such poems as "Barbara
Freitchie , " "Sheridan's Ride" and "The
Blue and the Gray" will live perhaps for
ever. They never lost their hold upon us
and sweet it is to hear them lisped by baby
voices , to make their indelible imprint up
on the characters now being molded into a
lifelong patriotism. It is the verses we
learn first which retain their hold upon us
in after years , therefore let us see to it
that the children are taught the ones that
tell the story of some heroic deed. Then
will Decoration day always mean more to
them than an empty name , and the simple
lines perhaps of an unknown poet may
help to send some future hero to his duty !
If a man Is worth knowing at all he
is worth knowing well. Alexander
Smith.
ONE DECORATION DAY.
How Its Observance Brousht About
the Relief of a Needy Soldier.
It was May 30. All good people had
been warned to turn out and decorate the
graves of the dead brave in our cemetery.
It was in the early days after the war , and
every one was ready to do his part. The
speaker of the day , the town officials , the
village fathers were in carriages ; the pret
ty young girls dressed in white represent
ed the different States and carried flowers
in their hands as they rode in the big , old
omnibus in the procession. Lumbering af
ter these came a dray carrying an easy
chair in which a sick soldier was half re
clining. He had been seen day after day
sitting at a window by a generous hearted
woman. She had entered and asked him
about himself ; she had noted the poverty
in the room , the decrepit old father and
mother , and she had thought this was
good missionary work. She went out
among her neighbors , begging food , bed
ding , everything for the family. He told
her his story ; how he had enlisted , start
ed for the front , had fallen ill , suffered for
want of care in the barracks and had final
ly oome home disheartened and crippled
for life. Poverty , extreme poverty , had
come to the family. A brother who had
a family of his owu was the only support
of them all. They were actually suffering
for food.
So Decoration day came on and the good
friend caused the soldier to be taken to
the cemetery , where the address of the
day took its chief point from the afflicted
man , where a collection was taken up for
him and a new start given him in life. A
little stock of pins and needles and the like
was furnished him , a string was fastened
to the old-fashioned latch of the outer
door , so that he could open it without trou
ble , and , as he lay upon his couch , he sold
trifles to his neighbors and friends. The
pension surgeon took his case in hand , the
lawyers pleaded his cause and after a de
lay of several years a pension was granted
him and a few years farther on back pay
was allowed him. Relief from care and
anxiety has contributed toward his amend-
met in health and he is now much better.
All this is the fruit of one Decoration
day's work started by a generous , impul
sive woman. Exchange.
First Memorial Service.
The first memorial service was held over
the graves of the Union prisoners who
died at the stockade at Charleston , S. C. ,
May 30 , 18G5.
BOTH IN A HIGH NICHE.
SANS SMELL SANS TASTE.
Man with Ilia Nose Closed Cannot Tell
Tea from Coffee.
It would now seein from experi
ments , which have been curded on in
the University of Iowa , that we do not
taste many of the things which we eat
at our dally meals. It is asserted con
fidently that we merely smell them. If
the nose is tightly closed in the ordin
ary man and he is blindfolded , he will
not be able to distinguish coffee from
water or a weak solution of quinine.
This has been proved by experiments
made on many persons. Common cof
fee iras said to be water , it was also
said to be quinine. Water was said to
be coffee. Tea was called coffee. Tur
key was called pork. Raw apple was
called grape juice. Malt extract was
sherry wine. Lard was pronounced
ibutter. In short , experienced persons
were unable to distinguish many com
mon foods ajid drinks when sensations
, of smell were removed , and the con
clusion was reached that a person
( might even practice economy in eating
'by merely blindfolding the eyes and
substituting lard , pork and beer for
butter , turkey and veuisou , while if
the further precaution was taken to
.close the nose , a very weak solution of
tquinine would pass for good coffee and
vinegar for the most costly wine.
1 The experiments which led to these
'conclusions ' were carried on by Prof.
.G. T. W. Patrick , of the University of
Iowa , who 4ias just communicated
some of the results of his work to the
'American ' Psychological Society. Prof.
Patrick was enabled to attain great ac
curacy in his work by the fact that one
of the persons he experimented upon
was an anosmic thjit is , absolutely de
void of the sense of smell. He was en
abled thus to determine which sensa
tions were those of taste and which
were smell. He experimented also on
normal subjects , and some of the re
sults were surprising.
There are only four simple taste sen
sations , namely , sweet , bitter , sour
and salt. It is said by some that there
are only two , sweet and bitter. All
other sensations which are commonly
called tastes are complex results of
sensatior of smell , touch , temperature
and sight The menus by which we
distinguish almost all of our common
foods and drinks is not the sense of
taste so much as it is the sense of
smell , touch , temperature and sight.
All the line differences by which we
distinguish the various fruits , meats
and drinks depend not upon taste at
all , but upon tl * se other senses. Pure
sensations of taste add hardly more
than a certain emotional clement to the
complex sensations.
SUPERSTITION AND EFFECTS.
Rider Ilafrsrard Th nK They Deserve
a Worthy Cn'-onicler.
I wish that some oi.e would write an
adequate book upon superstition and
its effects , as distinguished from and
opposed to revealed religion and its
effects , says Rider Haggard in Long
man's Magazine. This curse of the
world , civilized or savage , deserves a
worthy chronicler. Walking round the
exhibits in the agricultmal hall to-day ,
it was borne in to my mind that super
stition in all its hideous phases is per
haps the most concrete and tangible
form in which the evil one manifests
himself upon earth , and I think that
those who have mixed much with na
tive races will not disagree with me.
Here is an instance of its working ,
vrhich has just come to my notice.
Not long ago two Matnbeles were tried
at Buluwayo for the murder of their
grandson , a child of 2. Poison having
failed , the boy was held beneath the
water aud drowned.
The crime was admitted , but the de
fense raised was that the child had cut
Its top teeth lirsr. Such children being
unlucky aud the cause of ill-luck to
others , it was customary to kill them ,
and u "witch doctor , " ou being consult
ed , had ordered that this one should be
put to death ! Well , only a century erse
so since we did things almost as bad
in England.
His Plaintive PIc Prevailed.
A homesick Japanese is as homesick
a man as can be. One who acted as
cook on the Indiana last summer sent
in the following pathetic petition for his
release : "Excuse me. Honorable offi
cers. I am always thanking for your
kindness , that I could not forget per-
petuulity. Lust month I signed for my
work , therefore I have a duty to do
make my responsible for u year , but
for the sake of I could not understand
English language , I could not give you
even a satisfaction , and moreover I
would often trouble my friends , by this
I have many sorrow. If I must bear
with patience this work for a year , I
must take u sick surely. I have to do
much Thing for my native country.
Though you will refuse my wish I will
never free away because I believe aGed
God and have many honor. But my
Honorable Officers please excuse me
my work and give me a free. " It is
pltnsant to be uble to add that he did
not have to take a sick , for he got his
free.
Liipton and Gunton College.
Early on his arrival in London , Lord
Kitchener paid u visit to Sir Thomas
Lipton. and the proposed Gordon Col
lege at Khartoum wus mentioned. Sir
Thomas Lipton paused for a moment
and said : "Either I shall give all the
money , or I shall give u small subscrip
tion. " But before Sir Thomas could do
either the matter was taken up by the
public , and the general response was so
hearty that the second alternative alone
was left to Sir Thomas. However , his
"small subscription" wus a matter of
Philippine Names.
Some are coughed , and some are sneezed ,
And some are hoarsely rolled ,
But Pasig is the best of all
For him who hath a cold.
- Clensland Plais De'Jer.
Nicknames Among Kongh Riders.
The men speedily gave one another
nicknames , largely conferred In a spir
it of derision , their basis lying In con
trast , writes Theodore Roosevelt la
Scribner's. A brave but fastidious
member of -well-known Eastern club ,
who vras serving In the ranks , was
christened "Tough Ike ; " and his
bunkie , the man who shared his shel
ter-tent , who was a decidedly rough
cow-puncher , gradually acquired the
name of "The Dude. " One unlucky
and simple-minded cow-puncher , who
bad never been east of the great plains
In his life , unwarily boasted that he
had an aunt In New York , and ever
afterward Avent by the name of "Met
ropolitan Bill. " A huge red-headed
Irishman was named "Sheeny Solo
mon. " A young Jew who developed
Into one of the best fighters in the regi
ment accepted , with entire equanimity ,
the name of "Pork-chop. " We had quite
a number of professional gamblers ,
who , I am bound to say , usually made
good soldiers. One , who was almost
abnormally quiet and gentle , was call
ed "Hell Roarer ; " while another , who
in point of language and deportment
was his exact antithesis , was christen
ed "Prayerful James. '
Even with the Butcher.
Not one householder in 1,000 can tell
a good steak from a bad , and purchas
ers are nearly always cheated by smart
butchers. I have been persistently rob
bed for several years. The other day
I reaped my reward of patience. The
fellow threw dow on the block two
hunks of beef. "This Is the finest piece
of meat in New York , " he said , pinch
ing one by way of confidence. "All
right , " said I , "cut me a four-pound
steak eff the other. " He glared at me.
"You are no judge of meat , " he said.
"Why don't you take the other piece ? "
"Simply because you recommend it , "
was the reply. "It is my practice to re
fuse what a butcher recommends. It
is your principle in life to work off bad
meat first. " Was he mad ? Madder
than a savage bull. It was an enjoy
able revenffp. T tell von. folks !
At Public .Expense.
Americans are unquestionably pro
gressive ; still we can learn much from
Europe. Not long ago the city of Wurz-
burg , Bavaria , arranged to have the
teeth of children in public schools ex
amined and kept in good condition free
of cost , and if the experiment proves
successful , free treatment of diseases
of the throat and ear by skilled phy
sicians , is to be provided for. This is
a recognition of the fact that/health / is
as necessary as education to the rising
freneration.
Jill Is Gill a good judge of cigars ?
Bill I think he must be. He had two
last night and he gave me one. He
must have kept the best one. Yonkers
Statesman.
"He Laughs Best
Who Laughs Last. "
A hearty laugh indicates a
degree of good health obtain
able through pure blood. As
but one person in ten has
pure blood , the other nine
should purify the blood < with
Hood9s Sarsaparilla. Then
they can laugh first , last and
all the time , for perfect hap
piness comes cwith good health
M/bodk-S / *
Hood'g Plllg cure 11 ver Ills ; the non-Irritating and
only cathartic to take with Hood'g Saraapxrllla.
THE EXCEIENCE OF SYRUP OF FIGS
is due not only to the originality and
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known to the CALIFORNIA FIG SYRUP
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true and original remedy. As the
genuine Syrup of Figs is manufactured
by the CALIFORNIA FIG SYRUP Co.
only , a knowledge of that fact will
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as it acts on the kidneys , liver and
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the Company
CALIFORNIA FIG SYRUP CO.
SAN FKANCISCO , Col.
LOUISVILLE. Kr. If W YOJIK. K. T.
A FUXXT
BOOKLET
HOW
TO
INKPICTURES
Free by mall If yon write
with Carter's Ink to _
CARTER'S INK CO. . BOSTON. MASS.
LADIES ! The Periodical Monthly Regulator
never tails : waled box Ijy mall , $1.00. NEW YOR&
CHEMICAL Ca' , Box 70 , ' Milwaukee. Wisconsin ,
