For "Workinjr Butter.
The correct method of working but
ter is by pressure precisely the same
is pie crust is rolled -with a rolling pin.
Fold il over and roll again , and repeat
until done. The reason this is nor
practicable in hand working of butter
is that more pressure is required with
Tutter than can be done by the unaided
band. F.ut one of the very be-st styles
of butter-workers , known as the roller
"butter maker , is exactly on this prin
ciple , the roller being , on a sliding
frame which is pushed back and forth
over the butter , the handles being ar-
r.ingo'l to give a leverage , as shown in
the tirst picture. This style , says the
j
I
IO.LKR : inVOKKEI :
'Onuge Judd Farmer , is not easy for
tlie average farmer to make , and for a
small dairy a simpler style gives satis
faction. It consists in making a long
aad large rolling pin. putting an iron
pin in one end , inserting this in a hole
lit cue end of the frame considerably
lanrrr than the pin , taking hold of the
handle at the other end and using it
us both lever and rolling pin. as in the
sex-olid picture. The roller can be
round or six or eight-sided , and it is
preferred to have it diminish in size
toward the end Avhich is furthest from
.Hie handle.
Th" butter worker of this kind is
'sna.ik- triangular in shape , say about
e > - - *
1
I.-VKI : : IUTTM : WOIKI-.I : . i
t0 io 24 inches wide and oj ( inches long , j c
as shown by the cut. It can be placed i I
ou the kitchen table when in use. the
point beiujr over one side , and the other
end raised n little so tlie drip will run
off ai the point. But it is much better
to make strong legs for it and brace
them , as shown in the cut.
Unique Picket Fence.
The cut shows a way of making a
picket fence that is at once strong and
-cheap. I\o heavy rails are needed.
Two narrow strips of board at top and
bottom hold the pickets securely nailed
between them. The strips are "let in"
to tLe posts. For a sheep fence this
mode of construction has great advan
tages. The pickets can be a foot wide
ordinary boards sawed into picket
lengths , and the strips three inches
-v.-5t ! ; > . Such a fence can rapidly be put
rurnjn
t
k
e
L ) U LJ c <
GOOD PICKET Fl'Ch. . I ai
: : ud will prove very inexpensive
aiiu strictly sheep and dog proof. [ ot
American Agriculturist.
Where I'c Got His T ool.
If you want to ask a sheep where he
-ot his wool and why , take a dog into ors
41 mountain pasture land , and if the
shfep are afraid of the dog they will CO
Invariably run up hill rather than
-down. You have your answer. The th
suiccstors of the domestic sheep , like
"wild sheep of the present day , lived
.among . hlgli mountains and needed
their woolly covering to protect them
inst the constant cold of the high
atmospheres. They chose the high and | lo ( o
ivgion to live in because
lb ' .v I'ouud the fierce. Uosh-cnting ani-
irals oi the plains too stroni ? Tor them.
A j rt ot" these facts is that rhe wool st
jT. < : . " . - - > n a slicop the year roncd. Ch-
sh
Cultivation ior Penr Orchnr/1.
The system commonly practical [ "or
ssonje years ago was that which waste
to the apple , but on account of
jtlie destruction caused by the pear S
ibliglir. and owing to the fact that the
-pear blight nourished most in varieties
ble
\vliicli made a vigorous , rank growth
in
; nnd produced a large quantity of
Jsappy wood , it has been found to be
: uot well suited. Pears with a lirm , de-
'terminate growth arc less affected fr <
< thnn those of luxuriant growth. A isi
sjtucly of these facts has brought about in ;
ji revolution in methods of cultivation. fr <
most successful and profitable ud
pear orchards a * the present time arc
those which are cultivated by sowing
clover under the trees.
The clover is not removed from the
ground at any time of the year. It is
cut and allowed to lie and decay upon
the ground , and in this way to act as a
fertilizer. When an orchard is being
cultivated the practice is to sow the
clover in July. By early autumn it has
grown ten or twelve inches , and affords
a covering for the ground during the
winter. It is cut at blossoming time
the following year. It returns to the
soil a sufficient amount of nitrogen ,
which is so material to the healthy
growth of the tree. Potash must also
be applied in some form of commer
cial fertilizer , or in wood ashes. The
orchard is kept in a clover sod so long
as the trees are growing satisfactorily.
The value of many feeding stuffs is
based ou their digestibility , but even
when food is digested it is not all as
similated , the larger portion being
voided. Of the protein in clover hay
nearly one-half fails to digest , and of
the digested portion the manure heap
receives a large share. If a ton of
clover hay is worth $10 , enough of it
goes into the manure heap to equal $9
worth of fertilizers. A ton of cotton
seed meal , which may cost the farmer
$20 , will return to him , in the manure ,
about $18 , and that , too , after the
farmer has used these foods for pro
ducing meat , milk and butter , though
the estimates depend , of course , upon
the market prices for plant foods. Tbe
reason is that much of the food is com
posed of fat and starch , which create
heat and fat for the animals , but fat
and starch come from the air and not
from the soil , hence the real plant
foods of the materials purchased for
use on the farm are those portions
which are added to the manure. In
fact , at $20 per ton for cotton-seed
meal , it can ( and is ) profitably used on
the land as fertilizer , but in so doing
tlie farmer loses some portions which
can be utilized by stock and which are
of no value as manure. By feeding all ,
foods to stock they are simply passed '
through the body of the animal and
rendered more acceptable to plants ,
the animals being a machine for reducing -
ing foods to a condition tit for vegeta
tion. It may be several seasons before
the whole of the materials are exhaust |
ed from the soil , while every year the
land increases in fertility and produces
more than before. I
Ho\v Often to Feed Cows.
The cow is a ruminant animal , and
this means that she takes time to digest
her food in the most thorough manner.
If fed liberally night and morning and y
in sufficient variety she will eat more
heartily than if three full meals are
offered to her per day. As noon a few
corn stalks or clover hay may be given.
In feeding grain to cows it should be
ground and mixed with enough cut
feed to make it bulky. If cows eat
sr
whole grain or meal not mixed with thin
cnt food it to their
goes second stomach in
ach and does not come up to be chew le
ed in the cud. American Cultivator. lem
R ots for Cattle. It
I hardly know what I would do with e.i
out the supply of mangels and sugar be
beets that I have stored in my cellar , ac
says a writer in the Practical Farmer. i
It seems to have become a necessity to sr
give our stock at least one daily mess he
of succulent stuff. Even hogs , pigs th
and poultry get an occasional ration ; ri
and the Belgian hares are fed almost Tl
exclusively on roots. Dl
thai
Poultry Notes.
See that the ducks are in the house
night.
Hard-boiled eggs are a treat to young ai
turkeys. if
In stormy weather hens should be th
kept in doors. PC
o j
Overfeeding and lack of freedom will
pt
cause indigestion.
Eternal vigilance is the price of suc to
cess with poultry. fle
Exposure to bad weather will hurt CO
any stock , young or old. CO
Clean off the dropping boards every ze
other daj * during winter. ca
Ducks are heavy feeders and must
have all they want to eat. Jv {
Buy eggs iii season , only from breed- not ,
that you know are reliable.
nic
liens should have some corn , but nu
corn alone will not do for laying hens. sh
Xo fowl should be allowed to get po
thoroughly wet except a duck or goo c. an
anwe
Gather a supply of leaves and store we
them in dry places for your winter tO
sera tching-pen. cd
cdwe
A little salt and pepper just enough we
season is the right amount to add by
morning mash.
Dairy Tips.
Cold | weather is obviated by a warm nu
stable. ; ton
( i Jews v.'iih loLg horns usually have 1)0'
'
short milk records. .
in
There is IGSS labor involved in caring
cows properly than improperly. '
: ng'
A lazy bull is usually an ugly one , tin :
Creak him to work and he will become im
gentle. 1111
Frozen compost heaps under the sta OK
( windows are a menace to dairying his
the spring. fer
The term "good milk" signifies a the :
sreat deal. It means that it cornea air
from healthy cows and healthy , nour ea :
ishing feed , and that it is not contam md
inated by the hands of the milker , or to :
Croni other sources after it leaves the cal.
adder. md
AGEICULTURAL NEWS
THINGS PERTAINING TO THE
FARM AND HOME.
Valuable Food for Cattle Successfully
Manufactured from Corn Stalks-
New Liijrht on Spraying of Fruit
Trees Shipping : Potatoes in "Winter.
. The new corn product , upon which
investigations have been conducted at
the Maryland agricultural experiment
station to determine its value as a stock
food , has been given much considera
tion by the farming community in
.
many States. They have taken up the
subject and are conducting experiments
to ascertain its relative feeding value.
In the process of the extraction of the
pith , the blades and husk are first re
moved and the stalks are cut up in
small pieces. After the extraction of
the pith from the stalk the balance is
ground up into meal , which in general
appearance resembles coarse bran. This
ground material is termed the "new
corn product. " The new corn product
contains , eleven pounds per 100 more
digestible matter and two pounds per
100 more digestible protein than the
whole fodder shredded. Much has been
done in the way of testing methods for
preparing corn fodder for feeding , with
most of the results in favor of some
method of shredding the stalk. Shred
ding possesses many points which
makes it superior to the ordinary or
old way of cutting fodder , the princi
pal one of which is that the shredded
fodder is almost wholly eaten by ani
mals.
The new corn product contains with
in one pound as much total digestible
matter as wheat bran , but less than
one-third as much digestible protein , I
consequently the nutritive ratio is
wider. Animals fed with a fattening
ration with the new corn product base
made more gain in live weight and
upon less feed than with a fattening
ration of the same grain and corn
blades. The keeping qualities of the '
new corn product are as good as lin-1
seed meal , cottonseed meal or Avheat
bran and rations made up with this
material can be fed with less labor and
less waste of feed than when hay and
fodder are fed separately , as ordinarily
practiced. Baltimore Sun.
New I/igrht on Pprayins : .
At a recent farmers' convention Prof.
Burrill , of the University of Illinois ,
gave to his hearers a piece of informa
tion that he said had not yet got into
the books. It was relative to the first
spraying of fruit and trees for fungous
diseases. It has been believed that in
the case of most of these pests the
spores lived over on the twigs of the
trees. It was advised to spray before
the blossoms were open , for the purpose -
pose < of killing these colonies of spores.
Fruit-raisers have been religiously
carrying out instructions in this regard ,
and the experiment stations have been
sending out spraying calendars year by ,
year < in which the fruit-raiser is ad- j
vised to spray before the opening of .
the blossoms. But now it has baen j ,
found that the theory of the spores .
living over on tne twigs is erroneous. '
The spores live over on the leaves that '
fall to the ground and lie there till
spring. With the first breath of spring
these spores ripen sufficiently to float ,
the air , and as soon as the young
leaf begins to expand they find a lodgment - ,
ment there and begin their life work.
is , therefore , useless to spray at the * .
earliest time indicated in most of our , .f
books on spraying. This discovery will
add much to the comfort of tha orchard-
t , for it will decrease his times of
spraying. It also adds greatly to his
hopes , for if the spores live over on
the dead leaves the proper way to get
rid ( of them is to destroy the leaves.
This may be done by clean cultivation ,
plowing under the leaves that escape ,
the burning. Live Stock. ce
cem
Sliippin&T Potatoes in Winter. qt
Those who grow only a few potatoes a
and : know how easily they are spoiled flc
touched by frost , can hardly realise Hi
the business that is done in marketing of
potatoes from the places where they i re
are grown during the winter months. tii
Protected cars are used for this , the se
protection consisting of an inside lining th
the car which encloses a space of dc
dead air. In its rapid passage through th
cold regions the outside of the car be ou
comes intensely cold , often down to ui
zero or even below. Always with each no
carload an attendant goes to watch the CO
temperature. He has a stove and can v-l
keep ? comfortable himself. If it were AVi
for these protected cars , enabling CO
shippers to send potatoes to distant 'lg
markets in the coldest
even Aveather , eg
many of the city markets would run
short of potatoes , and there might be
potato famine in one place , while at
mother. 100 or 200 miles distant , there Inwi
would be thousands of bushels of potatoes - , . wi
toes awaiting shipment. With protect- | if
cars it is really safer to ship in cold
weather , as the potatoes then lose less of
ofmi
rot and sprouting. mi
miwi
wi
Protecting Orchards from Frost.
All enlightened chief of the Government - |
ment experiment gardens at Washing- >
years ago insisted that the text-
' ks wort- wrong in teaching that le
iieated air ascended that is , ascended
an active sense. It was , rather , [
pushed up by the heavier cold air pressI I r
' against it. It seems a slight dis- thi
inction , but it has immense practical an
importance. For instance , those who ]
.mderstand this , smile at the Florida ch
range grower who builds fires around tin
orchard to make smoke when he ; he <
'ears a frost is coming. lie lightens ate
atmosphere at the same time th : !
imong the trees and makes it all the is
jasier for the heavy cold air to push in ispn
take its place. The modern thought
spray with water is more philosoph- rJ
. Water is a good conductor of heat tisi
would add to tlie chances of ne :
ing cold by the heat it would abstract
from its surroundings. Horticulturists
liaA-e long known that evergreens are
quite hardy in a moist atmosphere
when they would easily succumb under
the same temperature in a dry one.
Median's ilonthlj.
Top Grafting Apple Trees.
More or less grafting is always neces-
saiy in the orchard. Even when the
farmer has secured the varieties which
he deems best , changes of fashion , and
the greater productiveness or price
which one variety has over others , will
often make it advisable to regraft his
trees , and thus put himself in line for
getting the best results. If the farmer
knows how to do this himself , and be
an energetic man the work will be done.
If he has to hire it done the work will
cost so much as to take off his "profits , "
and he will probably neglect it. The
operation of grafting is very simple
and is easily learned. The usual rate
for grafters used to be a cent and a
half for every graft that lived. With
an active attendant to cut off the limbs
to be grafted and make the clefs , an
active grafter may be able to make $3
to $5 per day if he has the wax to ex
elude the air spread on strips of cloth
to bind around the graft after it is set.
A good grafter should be able to make
nearly every graft set live. By fall it
may have a growth of one to three feet
or more , according to the number of
grafts set and the vigor of the tree.
American Cultivator.
"Why Not American Horses ?
That there is a market abroad for
good American horseflesh is evidenced
in a letter received by the Secretary of
Agriculture from United States Min
ister William J. Buchanan , at Argen
tina. Mr. Buchanan states that during
the last year and the year before a
royal commission purchased for tlie
English army something like 3,000
horses in Argentina alone. Good prices
were paid , the average being about
$1530. The commission's requirements
were as follov/s : For cavalry , well-
bred horses , fifteen to sixteen hands
high , from pure-bred sires and half-
bred mares. For artillery , coarser-bred
horses , with more weight , bone and
substance , fifteen to sixteen hands
js
high. Cobs coach-bred
; - , weight-carry
ing animals , fourteen to sixteen hands
high , for mounted infantry. The col
lection was made from horses only be
tween four and seven years old. Some
mules also were bought. There seems
to be really no good reason why breed
ers in the United States should not se- .
I
cure some of this trade. Argentina
does not possess the combination of
cheap grain and good pasturage that is
found in the States where fine stock is
raised. Gernmntown Telegraph.
Clover in the Hull.
Farmers who grow clover seed only
for their own use often thresh it out
by hand , and sow the seed , chaff and
all. It is rather unsafe to do this , as it
jg difficult to tell while throwing out
the chaff how much clover seed is going
with . , it. The better way is to clean up
the seed carefully , sow that with a
broadcast seeder , which will distribute
,
it much more evenly than can be done
by hand , and then sow the clover chaff
;
afterward ' with what seed may be in it ,
and make that also cover the whole
surface if possible , though as this haste
to be done , by hand , the hand sowing
cannot probably be made to cover half
the piece. But there is generally more
or less clover seed lying in the soil on
land that has once grown clover seed ,
and this may insure a fair catch even
no clover seed is sown. It is such
land of which farmers say , "It is nat
ural to clover. " It is always good land , I
but the clover does not grow on it spon
taneously ; on the contrary , every clover
plant comes from a clover seed left
some time in the soil , possibly many
years ago.
n
Warmth in the Henhouse.
A small stove set on the earthen or d
cement floor of a henhouse will do P
much to keep up the warmth that is
quite as necessary as feed in producing
large number of eggs. Even if the
floor be of wood there is little danger
that the building will burn. The amount
fuel burned will be much more than
repaid by the eggs produced at the
time of year when fresh eggs always
sell highest. When the. weather is fine
the hens should be left to run out of
doors in the daytime. But cooping
them up with enough fire to keep frost le
out of the room is always advisable at 4
night. , This precaution is especially
needed for the breeds with large P"g
combs , which are sure to be frostbitten g
Avhen freezing eather > conies. A hen
Avith a sore head' from frost-bitten
comb has enough to do to repair dam
ages to itself Avithout trj'iug to lay
K
Poultry Pointers. a'tc
Too much young stock is used for tcS
breeding purposes. The young chicks S
Avill he hardier and make larger foAvls SS
from 2-year-old stock. 61
The poultry house should have plenty j
windows , and if the foAvls are per ?
mitted to roost in it in summer all the SI
>
windows should be open. SISI
Kerosene and lard will prevent fur =
ther loss of feathers and produce new
growth on the head from which the CO :
feathers ! are falling out in summer. th
Better give your water troughs and j AV
lishcs a thorough cleaning before it
runs too long. It Ayill head off some of | T
those numerous cases of drooping
iniong the flock. ' -d
For quickness of growth the young
hick : is not in it with the duckling , but ha
they should be hatched early to catch th
high prices. It will not pay to raise ie
ducklings for market any more
han it will late chicks. With both it
tic
the early ones that bring the large J.
profits. Kansas Farmer.
The public at large is but an elevatoi na
used to hoist the chosen few to promi- ;
aence. f I lis
Nerves Destroyed by Catarrh.
, & #
ru-na.
-
MR. ROBERT B. MANTELL , THE GREAT ROMANTIC ACTOR.
ur. ilartman , Columbus , Ohio :
Dear Sir The bottle of Pe-ru-na at hand.
It is splendid and most iuvigoratins ; re-
freshluj , ' to the nerves and brain. It is one
of the bvst tonics I have ever used. It
makes me feel like a new man. Yours sin
cerely , It. B. Muntell.
Catarrh and Nervousness.
A nervous person nearly always hr ;
catarrh. Catarrh is one of the ways in
which a depressed condition of the nervous
system shows itself. Catarrhal people are
soon madp nervous. The relation between
chronic catarrh and nervous debility is most
intimate.
Catarrh is chronic congestion of some
mucous membrane. The nerves , which
should guard the mucous membrane against
congestion , are depressed and their func
tion partly destroyed. The nerves that
should control the circulation in the mucons
membrane are called the vasa-motor system
of nerves. Depression of the general ner
vous system soon leads to depression of the
vasa-motor system. Depression of the vasa-
motor system of nerves at once causes
chronic catarrh.
Any remedy to effect a radical cure of
chronic catarrh must operate directly
Dr. V.in Dyke Saved the Day.
At a banquet recently given in honor
of General Miles a punch was served in
which two tiny flags , American and
British , were stuck in the ice at each
side.
side.The
The object of the decoration , of
course , was to typify Anglo-American
good feeling. The prominent English
guest of the evening , in replying to a
toast to the two countries , looked at the
punch , and said that there seemed to
be a coldness existing between the two
countries.
The witticism was well received , but
Dr. Van Dyke , who followed the Eng
lishman , pointed to the punch and re
torted that , no matter what coldness
there seemed to be between the two
countries , they were united by the
same spiri Saturday Evening Post.
In Winter Use Allen's Foot-Base.
A powder to be shaken into the shoes.
During winter your feet feel uncomfort
able , nervous , and often cold and damp.
If you have perspiring , smarting feet or
tight shoes , try Allen's Foot-Ease. It
warms and rests the feet and makes
AAAA
walking easy. Cures swollen and
sweating feet , blisters and callous spots.
Relieves corns and bunions of all pain
and is a certain cure for chilblains and
frost bites. Try it to-daj" . Sold by all
druggists and shoe stores for 2uc. Trial
package mailed FREE. Address Allen
B. Olmsted. Le Roy. N. Y.
Dcliubtfiil. ,
Mrs. S\vellington Oh , he's such a
splendid preacher !
Mr. SAvellington In Avhat way ?
Mrs. SAvellington Why , he always
says something to make you think of
something else , so that the sermon's
over before you know it.
Oats 21 1-2 Inches
The Oat marvel what will 500.000 such
long heads per acre weigh ? 15,3(56 Ibs.
iSO ! Bushels ! Such a yield pays big !
Cut this notice out and send 10 cents |
postage " to JOIIN A. SALZER SEED
COMPANY , LA CROSSE , WIS. , and
get < their great catalogue and 10 Farm
Seed Samples free ; including Bromus In-
erinis. the greatest grass on earth. Pota
toes $1.20 a Bbl. ( c. n. )
In the man whose childhood has
known caresses and kindness , there is
always a fiber of memory that can be
touched to irentle issues. Georse Eliot.
5t. : Jacobs Oil cures Rheum-uistn ,
5t. Jacobs Oil " Neuralgia.
5t. : Jacobs Oil " Lumbago. ?
5t. Jacobs Oil " Sciatica.
5t. Jacobs Oil " Sprains.
St. Jacobs Oil " Bruises.
.t. Jacobs Oil " Soreness.
t. Jacobs Oil " Stiffnesi.
5t. Jacobs Oil " Baekaohe ,
t. 1 Jacobs Oil " Muscular Aches.
No human head was impressed on
oins until after the death of Alexander
he Great. All images before that time
vere of dieties.
To Cure a Cold in One Day
Pake ; Laxative Brome Quinine Tablets. All
Irugirists refund the money if it fails to cure.
So."The genuine has L. B. Q. on each tablet
Joel Chandler Harris is said to be the
larclest literary man to interview in
his country. "I don't know anybody , "
says , "and I don't care to. " (
Two bottles of Piso's Cure for Consnmp-
ion cured me of a bad lung trouble. Mrs.
Nichols , Princeton , Ind. . Mar. 20. ' 9o.
Kipling was given his odd Christian I T
lame because it was that of the EnI I *
lish village where his father first met
mother. Mary McDonald.
through the nerves , invigorating the mucous
circulation.
Mrs. C. C. Filler , of l.'M % South Fourth
street , Columbus , O. , writes : "For ten
or lifteen years
I have been sub
ject to nervous
dyspepsia. I
would h n v e
spells of quiver
ing in Tny stomach
ach , with smoth-
e r i n g feelings.
I was suffering
fro m what is
called nervous
prostration. My
s t o in a c h felt
bloated and I was constantly weak and
trembling. I consulted several physicians ,
who treated me without doing me any good.
I had almost given up in despair when I
heard of l'e-rn-na. It was about six years
ago that I first took Pe-ru-na. I found It an
immediate relief to all my disagreeable
symptoms. It is the only medicine that haa
ever been of any use to me. "
Dr. Hartinan's latest book , entitled "Win
ter Catarrh , " sent free. Address The
Pe-ru-na Drug
Manufacturing Company ,
Columbus. Ohio.
k /r OT'rara&S /
THE EXCELLENCE OF SYRUP OF FIGS
is due not only to the originality and
simplicity of the combination , but also
to the care and skill with which it is
manufactured by scientific processes
known to the CAMFORXIA FIG Si'RUP
Co. only , and we wish to impress upon
all the importance of purchasing-
true and original remedj' . Asthe
genuine Syrup of Figs is manufactured
by the CALIFORNIA FIG SYRUP Co.
only , a knowledge of that fact will
assist one in avoiding the worthless
imitations manufactured by other par-
tics. The high standing of the CALI
FORNIA FIG SYKUP Co. with the medi
cal profession , and the satisfaction
which the genuine Syrup of Figs has
given to millions of I'amilies , makes
the name of the Company a guaranty
of the excellence of its remedy. It is
far J in advance of all other laxatives ,
as it acts on the kidneys , liver and
bowels without irritating or weaken
ing them , and it does not gripe nor
nauseate. In order to get its beneficial
effects , please remember the name of
the Company
CALIFORNIA FIG SYRUP CO.
, SAX FRANCISCO. Cnl.
LOUISVILLE. j Ky. NEV. ' YOKE. N. T.
SSABIG
COUNTRY
With variety enough to salt
almost any kind of a settler.
Tne farmer will find lands
suited t'i aiv branch of ac-
riculture. The stocic-ralser
vlll find crazlntr lands la
such quantities that he will
never toe able to put a fence
around all of them This Is
the way in which a Minnesota
seta editor concludes his re
marks on a recent trip rua-Je through Wcs.ern Canada.
Particulars can be had by applying to the Depanment
of tin' Interior. Ottawa. Canada or N Bartholomew.
0 j r ih M . DCS ilolnes , Iowa , Acent for the Govern-
innt of Canada.
THE
NEWS
SERVICE
Vi. IS A FEATURE OF THE jVx
THREADY PRINTS FURNISHED BY 11 ?
CHICAGO
NEWSPAPER
UNION
411 DOUGLAS STREET ,
SIOUX CITY , IA.