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About Western news-Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1898-1900 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 2, 1899)
lt _ 4I 4 I THE SHERMAN LAW. The Sherman law of 38)0 ! contains the folloAving clause : "It being the estab lished policy of the United States to maintain the two metals ( gold "and sil ver ) on a parity with each other upon the present legal ratio , or such ratio as may be provided by hiAV. " The policy of the Government here declared is to maintain the two metals in a parity with each other. It has respect to the metals , gold and silver , of which money is made , and not to the coins struck from these metals and used as money. These coins , being equivalent represent atives of our money unit , must have the .same A'alue or purchasing power , that is , the same relation to commodities , so long as they concurrently circulate and are used as money. Any unit of money , or "dollar" is as A'aluable , that is , it has the same purchasing power as every other "dollar" regardless of the material in Avhich it is embodied or by which it is represented. All that is required is that the material in the form of a dollar be endowed by hnv with the function of money ; and the A'alue or purchasing power of this dollar lar depends upon the number of those urrits or the mass of money in circula tion. In making this declaration of the policy of the United States , Congress could not have had in view the gold and silver coins , but the gold and silver bul lion , or metals , from Avhich these coins are struck. How are these metals to be , placed and inn ill tained on a parity Avith each other upon a given ratio ? HOAV can sixteen ounces of silver bul lion bo made equal in A'alue to one ounce of gold bullion , this being our present ratio ? As the A'alue oC each of these metals is determined by its use for monetary purposes , their equality or parity Avith each other can only be .secured by their equality in such use ; in other Avords , by providing by law for their passage through the mints into the currency on a prescribed ratio upon precisely equal terms. It is the ratio upon Avhich they are coined that brings the metals together , or diminishes the separation belAveen them. This has been strikingly demonstrated by the operation of our coinage laws. In 17)2 : ) Alexander Hamilton , after careful ex amination , determined that the relation of the metals to each other then was 1 to lo , that is. that one ounce of gold AV.-IS equiA'alent in value to 1 > ounces of silver ; and the best Avriters upon the subject have A'indicaled the correctness of his judgment. But France in 1V 0. opened her mints to the unrestricted coinage of gold and silver upon the ratio of 1 to 3. > i/ . . and this became the prevailing , ratio in Europe. As one ounce of gold Avould exchange for only 1 ounces of .silver in Europe , it Avent to Europe and silver came to this coun try. In 1834 , to attract gold to this country. AVC changed our ratio to 1 to 10 , one-half a point on the other side of the French ratio. The result Avas that as one ounce of gold Avould ex change for only l.l1 ounces of silver in France , but Avould exchange , for 1(5 ( ounces of silver in this country , it came to this country , and our silver migrated to Europe. Consequently gold .1 predominated in our currency down to fc-i 1S7J , and in this country silver AV.-IS at , s about three per cent premium over gold. I If the colossal blunder of throwing sil- I Arer out of the money stock in 1S7 : > ( Car t lisle in 1S7S said : "It was the most gi I gantic crime of this or any other a .re" ) t had not been committed ; 5f , instead. AVC iit had then i.-itio t changed our so as to make it conform to the French or Eu P ropean ratio , France Avould not haA'e a 18 ' closed her mint against silver , and this disturbing silver question would never have arisen. It is therefore only through the agency of our coinage laws P that the metals can be made to approach preach each other and their parity 1 maintained. The phrase "the present legal ratio or such ratio as may be pro vided by law" manifestly means that tc the metals shall be freely coined upon the present legal ratio , and if. upon a fair trial , it does bring them together , then such change of the ratio shall be n made as Avill accomplish this object. a Hence the declaration of policy set C forth in the above clause in the act of 1890 AA'as a declaration in favor of a tl bimetallic standard , and not for an ex tlO clusive gold standard , or an exclusire O silver standard. The present'adminis tration interprets the above clau.-e in Ii the Sherman act as imposing an obliga S ( tion upon the Government to keep all st the dollars in our currency , Avhether in is the form of paper dollars or silver dollars isA lars , on a parity Avith gold , and that to A do so it is indispensable that it shall be oi in a position to give gold coins in exchange 11 change for all this currency , as it is pre 111 sented , and obtain , this gold by issuing 111Pi Pile bonds for it in the name of the people lo and thereby increase the public indebt edness. It AA'as because an increase of the currency Avould be made by coining el the silver seigniorage in the treasury , ! K amounting to $33,152,080 , and thereby ig increase the difficulty of accomplishing this object , that President Cleveland ) vetoed the seigniorage bill in March last ; and he appealed to this clause in the Sherman act in justification of his kc course. He regards that clause as in ha effect placing this country upon an ex all clusive gold standard , and the continu lit ance of sihTer in the situation of mer po chandise , and thereby defeating the pol 00 icy declared in the clause , viz. , "the ] maintaining of the parity of these tAA'o [ nielals with each other upon the pres- th ent legal ratio or such ratio as may be ac proA'Ided by I.IAV. " For it must be ap do parent to every one that these metals never bo ma do to approach each other while one of them , gold , is a money metal , and the other , silver , is merchandise , but that they must drift farther and farther apart so long as gold continues to rise. Henry G. Mil ler. 7tTiist Touch the Pocket Nerve. Personal interest seems to be the only specific against municipal somno lence. Franchise-grabbers never sleep , because there is no money in it , and there is money in Avakefuiness. The average man does not readily appre ciate any but direct and palpable influ ences. Wlien they reach him indirectly or through disguises he displays the Avisdom of the ostrich. Hence he ac quiesces in a gold standard , a protect ive tariff and indirect taxes in general , not realizing that they are more bur densome than any other and afford ras cals golden opportunities. When citi zens once grasp the fact that they are personally interested in even * act of their officials they Avill be more vigi lant. They Avill sleep Avith one eye open. St. Louis Post-Dispatch. A European 1)1 nil' . It is scarcely to be believed that Ger many and France Avill permit this coun try to go the length of passing retalia tory hnvs Avhich shall exclude their food products from this country , for Avhen the I-OAV is all over and such hnvs on both sides haA'e been repealed , the trade lost during the interim Avill not be easily regained. It Avill be hard at first to do Avithout certain sausages , cheeses and Avines or 1o pay higher prices for those already made here ana stamped Avith foreign labels , but the boom Avhich Avill ultimately be achieved by the American brand of these good5 Avill create an appetite for them which cannot be eradicated. Philadelphia Times. Another Step Necessary. President McKinley has deemed it judicious to pardon Leech Lake Indians Avho took part in a miniature rebellion last summer , and there is no reason Avhatever to doubt that their case Avas one calling for the exercise of executive clemency. But Avliat has become of the Avhite officials and their businesses Avho forced these Indians , as the only Avay in Avhich they could attract attention to their unendurable Avrongs , to begin a Avar Avhich , as the Indians themselves Avere Avell aware , Avas grotesquely hopeless ? Numerous Avitnesses of good repute testified that the Avhole trouble AV.-IS caused by the brutal rapacity of these officials. New York Times. tlcttinsr I'veii OIF the Taxpayer. P.y stubbornly persisting iTi an un- Avholeome policy AVC have lost nearly all of the foreign carrying trade , in so far as the loss can be measured by the fiag of the carriers , and now it is calmly proposed to mulct the taxpayers of the United States in order to make good a losing business. What the carriers of the seas Avant is to be allowed to buy their ships as other competing carriers buy them. They ask no odds of any body. Give them an even chance , then let them alone. Philadelphia Record. Tutor for the President. The President is said to be carefully studying the history and methods of : British colonial administration. The t : President might get "Joe" Chamberlain v to come OA-er and ghe him a course of lessons in colonial government. Or there is a man in South Africa who might possibly be induced to superin tend a trial start of the American im perial machine. His name and address lire Cecil Rhodes. Empire Builder , Cape Colony. Portland. Me. , Argus. a in Practice. We are hurrying troops to the Philip pines in order that the Filipinos may govern themselves. St. Louis Post- Dispatch. Political Pointers. Imperialism , like squab pigeon , seems o have been biggest Avhen first hatched. Grand Rapids Democrat. Mr. Rockefeller and his trust are all ight so long as nothing stronger than in : Ohio court gets after them. Sioux iry Tribune. "We care not Avho makes the laAvs of he nation if AVO may but name the Vttorney General. Chorus of Trusts. Jinaha World-Herald. The President has had a head-on col- ision : Avith public sentiment. Public sentiment hardly knew that it had struck something , but the other party all in a heap. Kansas City Times. There is no parallel between the American expansion at the beginning f this century and the imperialism of he present day. Those Avho admire he former are entirely consistent in de- T tloring and opposing the latter. Buffa- m Courier. in m If AVC are going to build up our mer- hi hant : marine we should begin by re- iealing our stupid and mediaeval naA'- ijatioii laws. They arc anachronisms ml ought to be Aviped off the statute p.-i looks before the new country opens. SI mlianapolis Sentinel. SIPi On the assumption that Senator Fora- Pi er spoke Avith authority and that 11 mi as been the intention of the President ed along to give the Filipinos their po- be i bem tical independence , the interrogation m : oint rises up : "What was the $20- UK 00,000 for ? " DCS Moines Leader. to It is a little late in life for Messrs. - . oar and Edmunds to try to break into ic Democratic party , but it must be j cknoAA'ledged that they are preaching octrine that ought to arrest some romineut Democrats in their retro- rj , rade nioA'ement. Ciuciunnti Enquirer , on SOME PARSONS' V/IVES. Flieir De sire to Kxercise Ecclesiasti cal Functions. It appears from frequent stories in ' English religious journals that many ladies have an Idea that residence in a parsonage confers upon them the right { to exercise some ecclesiastical func- i lions. "My husband is aA\ay , " said one Avonian to a parishioner , a retired civil ian , Avho came to haA-e his pension pa per authenticated , "but my signature Avill do as well. " Before the poor man could object , the paper Avas taken from him and signed. Naturally the paymaster general refus ed to accept the signature , and much trouble ensued. The Church Gazet'e mentions the case of a lady , Avho at Dorcas and oth er meetings Avhereat her husband is not present gives the apostolic benediction in the most approA'ed style. A lady Avho seems to be equal to "minor orders , " at least , is Mrs. Creigh- ton , the Avife of the genial Bishop of London. There is a certain wicked legend , according to the London Out look , that Avhile at Peterborough Mrs. Creighton once Avrote te a clergyman regretting that the Bishop could not come for a confirmation , but promising that she AA'ould come instead. More authentic and vastly more prob able is an amusing anecdote undoubt edly illustratiA'e of the same lady's practical turn of mind and decided character. When Dr. Creighlon had been offered the bishopric of London a lady met his daughter in a street of Peterborough. Being on terms of intimacy Avhich jus tified the question , she asked if Dr. Creighton had decided to accept his ap pointment to the more important see. "Well , 1 don't ICUOAV , " the young lady replied. "All I can say is that papa is in the study praying for guidance , and mamma is upstairs packing the trunks. " DARING PICTURE HUNTERS. ng a Liife for the Pm-posc of Gcttitiij a Snap fc-liot. The English brothers , It. and C. J\ ear ton , haA'c made a particular study of photographing insects , birds and small animals in their natiA'e haunts. [ : " * XV"r > " ' > v " S AX ENTHUSIASTIC niOTOOISAl'IlEJi. ( ] s Dften in order to secure the best re- | ( suits , they have risked their lives for some striking snap shot. The illustra- ' ion shows one of their attempts to pho- ograph ( a sea bird in its home by the i A MAINE MEMORIAL. New Chapel at Annapolis Will Commemorate the Havana Tragedy. The destruction of the battleship Maine and the death of so many of her . - ) rave creAV will be fittingly commemor- ited at Annapolis. Among the neAv mildings to be erected on the academy grounds in the near future is a chapel. fi ! et 01 01fc fc ii iiv \v loYN YN YNvi vi vie o ] nius us re IK til to ai " J TIIK MAIXi : JIHilORIAL. yc vc his : building Avill be dedicated to the 0 inrdered seamen Avho lost their liAres , n ] i II.Tvana harbor , and Avill be a lasting ' sti iiiuanity and treachery. . 1 th ill" ? Knew Him. tha "Do you know any one in these ? a irts ? " queried a lawyer of one Mrs. So mltz , Avho Avas a witness in a trial at th. ratt. Mrs. Shultz dropped her eyes , no ucked nervously at her shaAvl for a snmi oment. and then , blushing , respond- mi : "Sheriff Keyes OA-er there used to sa my beau before either of us were is ; nrried. " Whereupon the court hnni- sir UK ered vigorously to bring the audience order. Kansas City Journal. i Every time a woman of no good [ 01 ) ks , but of social position , is men- Oa > ned , the words "refined looking" riA [ 3 AA'orkcd to death. tin Dhe finger ot * destiny is undoubtedly the the hand of fnt/1 One of the late James Fayn's stories concerned a dean , famous as a gour- mat , AA'ho in his ( linings out Avas , of course , asked to say grace. The Avorthy dignitary first scanned the menu. If it was an ordinary repast , the grace be- gaii , "Lord , we thank Thee , " "but , " added Payii , "if there Avas turtle soup , the invocation commenced , 'Bountiful peatorr " Scotch caution is Avell illustrated in the story told by a minister Avho taught a Bible class in Edinburgh. Having missed one of his students for several Sundays , he said to one of her relatives : "I haena seen yeer cousin Bell at the class for a long while. Ye ken it's her duty tae attend the schule. AYhaur has she gnen ? " "I canna very Aveel tell ye that , meenister , " was the care ful reply , "but she's deed. " In the famous engagement between the Bonhomme Richard and the Seranis , the British captain Inquired , after an hour's fighting , to ICUOAV if Commodore Jones desired to surrender. "I have not begun to fight yet , " AA-as the Ameri can's reply. Later , Avhen he learned diat tiie British captain had been knighted by George the Third for his jallantry on that occasion , Jones re marked : "XeA-er mind : if I meet him again I'll make a lord of him. " As a performer on the piano. Brahms , I he composer , had an extremely hard ( ouch. This once led a musician Avho was accompanying him on the 'cello to pxclaim : "I don't hear myself. " "Ah , " replied Brahms , "you are a lucky fel low. " When he left the room after a lively evening among friends , he used to remark : "If there is any one present ivhose feelings 1 h.iA'c not hurt , I trust lie Avill receive my humble apology. " ' .lolm F. Hurley of Salem , Mass. , Avho rerved in the late Avar , Avas a clever gunner , and several years ago the fol- owing tale Avas told of his skill : He < vas actively engaged in firing solid shot at the enemy in one engagement , and iiis captain came up and said : "PriA'ate Hurley , let me see you hit that rebel ? aptain in the eye. " "Yes , sir , " replied John ; "which eye shall I hit ? " Mr. Bradlaugh Avas once engaged in a discussion Avith a dissenting minister. Bradlaugh insisted that the minister should ansAver a question by a simple " " " " Avithout circumlo- "Yes" or "No. any - i-ution , asserting that every question ; ould be replied to in that manner. The reverend gentleman rose , and in a quiet manner said : "Mr. Bradlaugh , will you alloAV me to ask you a question on those ferms ? " "Certainly , " said Bradlaugh. J'Then , may I ask , have you given up beating your wife ? " This , Avas a poser. Cor if answered "Yes. " it Avould imply that he had previously beaten her. and f by "Xo , " that he continued to do so. A delegation of preachers from Ghi- -ago once Availed upon President Lin coln to urge the issuance of the emanci pation proclamation. The spokesman urged the claim AA'ith ecclesiastical dig nity by saying : "The Lord sends this I'ommission to you , President Lincoln. " "Perhaps so , " he replied , "but isn't it strange that He should send His mes sage by Avay of Chicago ? " To another delegation urging immediate action , he said : "If you call the tail of a sheep a leg , IIOAV many legs will the sheep liave ? " "Five , " replied the spokesman. 'No , " said the bothered 'President , "it would only have four. Calling the tail ' leg Avouldn'l make it one. " When sick with the varioloid , he told the doctor lie Avas "glad that now he had some- Lhing to give which the office seekers I lid not want. " During the Queen's jubilee , the colo- ' lial princes , officers and premiers Avere -ecelved with cheers and especial hon ors. On one occasion the streets Avere mcked Avith spectators Avatehing the I quests depart from some royal function it Buckingham Palace. The crowd reused - F used to move except Avhen some of the Indian rajahs or Australian officers ap I peared. Avhen a way Avas speedily open ed for them. A carriage presently came ut of the gates in Avhich were throe or V 'our Americans , AVIO had been guests : the palace. Finding that the Avay vas completely blocked , one young f clew ow innong them shouted : "Let us pass ; Ye , too , are colonials. " The croAvd di- v. ided , and. as the carriage entered the ipening , he added : "We are the colo- \ lials Avho wouldn't let our mother spank lo lool is. " The-croAvd caught the joke , and ol eplied Avith laughter and applause. . Is Several clergymen boarded a street jlai ar in Boston one day. and one of them ai tearing that Wendell Phillips Avas in to lie car , got up and asked the conductor point him out. The conductor did so , LY ml the minister , going up to the orator , ri aid : "You are Mr. Phillips , I am told ? " ' Yes. sir. " "I should like to speak to ei ou about something , and I tru < t. sir , ta ou Avill not be offended ; " "There is In fear of it , " Avas the sturdy answer , tli ml then the minister began to a k Mr. tli 'hillips earnestly Avhy he persisted in vl tirring up such an unfriendly agitation C.'l one part of the country about an evil ot liat existed in another part. "Why , " in aid the clergyman , "do you not go st outh and kick up this fuss and leave lie . North in peace ? " Mr. Phillips Avas ot iu the least milled , and answeuil milingry : "You , sir , I presume , are a linister of the Gospel ? " "I am , sir , " he lid : the clergyman. "And your calling th to save souls from hell ? " "Exactly , r. " "Well , then , Avhy don't you go Sawdust Explosions. lie Who ever heard of saAvdust explos- ms ? They are common enough in , anada. Navigation on the Ottawa ver has been seriously impeded at ines by the explosion of sawdust , and 1 dominion government has at last tin to take steps to prevent any eai practice AA-hicli Avill enhance the possi bility of these explosions taking place. One would hardly suppose that saAV- dust dumped into the river would in course of time reform itself into a gas generator Avhich would keep the sur face of the stream in a constant up heaval. But it is true to sucn an ex tent that small boats have been cap sized and large vessels have been in jured by the submarine convulsions. The bottom of the Ottawa river is covered with a deep layer of sawdust dumped there by the lumbermen , who haA-e carried on their log-cutting in dustry on its banks and tributaries for years. The dust , becoming water- soaked , sinks to the bottom , and in the course of time rots and generates a highly explosive gas. The latter rises to the surface , each bubble being joined or reinforced by other bubbles on the way up. Contact with air seems to be as destructive as touchiire to this gas , and the moment the surface is reached it explodes Avith a loud report. Legislation may in time do aAvay with the annoyance , but even if no more sawdust is thrown into the stream henceforth , the millions of tons already there Avill take a long time to Avork off their gas-generating qualities. Grandpa's ljtier. . My dear little grandson , yourifetter re ceived , And contents noted , but I don't per ceive Exactly Avhat you want. So I've left it all To my old friend , Santa , Avho soon will call On Christinas Eve , and put on the tree And mark it , so you Avill know it is from me. I hope you'll be pleased , AA'hatever he gives , For everything's nice Avhere Santa Glaus liA'es. It may be an elephant , pistol or gun , Or anything for a small boy to haA-e fun. What a little boy Avants it's quite hard to toll , But Santa Clans knoAvs good boys pretty Avell. So he'll do what is right , for he's a good "Old FelloAv ; " His heart is as big and as soft as a pillOAV. Once I AV.-IS a little boy , just like you , And I thought I would Avatch and see if 'tAvas true That Santa Glaus came dOAvn the chimney so black , With a pipe in his mouth niul a pack on his back. I lay still as a mouse , with hand under my cheek , Peering through darkness and trying to seek The form of old Santa Avith his bag of toys He Avas to give to all good little boys. So Avinking and blinking and almost asleep , I heard such a noise that made my , flesh creep. Way up on the roof I heard such a racket I certainly thought that someone Avould crack it. Then doAvn through the chimney the soot came a-rulining , Which told me quite plainly that Santa Avas coming. Then doAvu Avent my head 'way under the clothes , And I left nothing out but the tip of my nose ; And I Avent fast asleep , nor opened my eyes , Till the bright morning sun o'er the hills did arise. Then I jumped out of bed and ran foi my stocking , And very soon saAV that nothing Avas lacking. had toys of all kinds a pistol and " drum ; Though 1 I did not see Santa. I knew he t had come. So you see , 3-011 can know something. ti though not in sight. But ! believe all that's good , and then t yon are right. o From that day to this , as Chri-Jtmns a ; comes near , b think Avitli great pleasure of Snnt ? ei Glaus dear. So I'll close my letter , a dull on : > I iVir [ With the wish. "Merry Christmas aiul e Happy New Year. " a i < er or iii ! tirfi. : . Yon are either left-eyed or rghr-eycd writes Dr. C/.cki , unK-ss you ; > ; v L lorson out of every i-ftei'ii v-h' > h.- tr \A-es ; of equal stiviigi's. You als > ! - . t to the small ol eng minority of one o ; : f every ten persons if your h ft ey stronger than your right. As n nI. iust as people are right-handed. tr : ; > ire right-eyed. This is probably < i . the generally greater use of UK- . ; rans of tne right side of the body. : : > 'or example , a sportsman u < Iug h. at atm ight arm and shoulder , uses h"rzh m 'ye to sight his gun , thereby s.-cg.i ! 'iiing it with exercis-- cli exercisOld - . ; : ; : ] ; ain- . after a long use of the teli'-T-i , . re hid their right eye much srrciig , ; th.j. he left one. This law is < he experience of aurists. if : j ji r .r m > o lias ears of equal hearing l. . . av.sc' to u = ? e one ear more tlun : ! > ither for a long period , { he car hr.n-n : tito requisition ia found to b" im--- " f trengthened. and the far v.hMi I.- - . - . < - ' ised losts in a corresiujiuiiug degr . Col lest Hour ol * the Uay. mi Taking all the year round. tlr colv ! . - gi'i our of the twenty-four is 5 o'clock i. yo lie morning. "Woodpeckers Are Ji tistrioixs. Woodpeckers in Californi.i A'Jll CM.I- ; corns thirty niil s to store in tlu-I su ests. a ! Cut Iluir for i in In Persia cutting the hair is a . : gii o- tl-D louming. When lovers Avalk beneath the moo : no icy forget that they are of theearti CO1 irthy. Gold as a Ftamlard. The failure of the supply ot" nininto keep pace Avith the demand cau.-- -he ' . ThU b- rlollar to increase in A'alne. viously , is to the advantage of tinHo holders of idle dollars , and to the el * ri- ment of every one Avho has IV - - > tlo either his labor or the product < J his labor. If there Avere no deferred ; v- ments , or debt , this would not t. so such injustice , but AVhereA-er ther .MV dcierred payments , then an anj.i ia- ting dollar Avorks great injustice ! .ill debtors and to all Avho labor or ho have made im-eslments in i-rnduMve enterprise. To illustrare : The farmer Avho borrows mone. % ' ll * culates that it will take a - * .5 amount of his products when th- . ' --bt is due to buy the dollars m wliir'i rhe payment is to be made. The lab vr figures in the snme Avay. He has n- tracted to pay his debts in th.llar.it het'st purchas dollars Avitb so . . ay dvs labor , and if tl. " dollar ; v- ( hfcs the laborer IUIOAV. ; that it \ ill- lake more da\s' labor to ev t th" d > I than it Avould have taken ulien del t Avas made. In other word - . v - a he A-alue of monejgoe. . , up the ; ; of products goes dtnvn. Thr.uig' : , it > application of thi : ; piinciple by i.1 .tl.S of the single standard of gold , pro ' of the farm , the shop anil the fat the wages of labjiers and the s.il e.s -if the professional cla.'Sf-s haA-e ' Ml shifted into the eofl'ers of the fev. lie control the nation's circulating ie- lium. Instead of being an honest and . > t standard of deferrc ! payments , go.-l is , when used .done , an iustrumi : ; of legalised plunder. Instead of i til taining the equity of contract * , i ls more ihan doubled the aggreg.tt.- dividual , corporate : md pubiic ' thus doubling the burdens of th < payer. Its eP'ect upon the nation- . ! illustrates this proportion. In I-1 ! : national debt AV.IS . < ? : > .7.c. > ,000 , < HP ) . : that time AVC lum * paid as inter * . . . ' } .3,000,000 , a sum almest as gr > the original debt. In ISO ! the d b. IS JsWlThough ! ! ) there has I'll a reduction of the debt , if express , ' in dollars , there has been an acta.- ' in crease expressed in products in v , . h debts are ultimately paid. Ma v id L. Daggy. "Value" of Money. If I had to select the economic v nl that has done more mischief to th iu- man race since 1S73 than any oil- . . I Avould point to the word ' 'value .is applied to money. It is the m. . -"r word-fallacy of the age. Whoever ' -.in assist to clear up the meaning < 'Jiis ' word "valup" Avill be a benef.-u ' the human lace. Hence to ngle - effort Avould be umvorthy of a u . of ordinarily humane instincts. Among the various powers ? u- dered to Congress by the i- through the constitution of thf * I il States , was the power "to coin i. ily and regulate the value thereof. " Let us try to ascertain Avhat this i-d means in the constitution as it AV.Iie - tined or carried out by statute ltr.u - actetl by the fathers of our repu. i * , Avho Avere also the framers of tai- . ? i- stitution. Firstlj- , they chose for our pri i . . .il coins the two metals gold and e : ' . -r ; secoudlj- , they decided on the re- - tive quantities of metal they woiil 1 .it into each of the dollars , and th" ; , ly , Avhich is perhaps the most impe. mt function , they declared that c-.n r "shall be a lawful tender in all j ay- nients Avhatsoever. " In other \ > . ils , thej- made one dollar as a legal : . Jit payer under our fiag "just as gOf > i" .is the other. They also Avis-ely made the alt , Mpt to use a precise commercial eqniv.- ; ! of uncoined gold and silver in ouru : - ige , by selecting fifteen parts of sll.er b3' weight , as the then eomnv.-i-ial squiA-alent to one part of gold. In Jj- 3r Avords , they attempted to make : ind lid make for that particular tinn sh. exchangeable : A-alue of one dollar -iust is : good" as the other. John A. C.M-I- . Views of Our Fathers. Upon the subject of IIOAV we should reat the tAvo metals in our cum noy is Avell for us to consult the fonirlt'rs f our republic , conspicuous among- vhom were Hamilton -and Jeffn ; , vhosc vieA\-.s hoAVOA-er \ , discordant upon ther subjects , -wore at one on thisv lamilton , in his famous report niasV in 702 , for establishing the United S.-jros nint , said : "It is most advisable KM trt Lttach the unit exclush-oly to < trier netal , for this cannot be done effctu - illy without destroying the ofiice : : iid haracter of one of them as money and educing it to the situation of inerc-haii- lise. "To annul the use of either of th& uctals as money is to abridge the uantity of the circulating medium and liable to all the objections whfch rise from a comparison of the benefits a full Avith the evils of a scanty < -ir- ulation. Jefferson wrote to Hamilton in the it.me month , saying : "I return yon yuiir lint report , Avhich I have read ivfrii a reat deal of satisfaction. I concur with ou in thinking that the unit uuis' ' tand upon both metals. " Though the Queen could recall any- abject from abroad , she cannot compel subject to leave Great Britain. This isability does not cease to operate eAren , time of war , and , though at such a me the Queen could call upon every ble man to take up arms , she could force a single civilian to leave the ] ' untry , even to carry on a ar.