I-ntcherlnsr UO ; H.
HuJchoring hogs has many disagroe-
Jible fealuros , but some of those , par
ticularly the lifting of the hogs before
mid after dressing , can be roubed of
111:1113' of their objections by having a
convenient arrangement for scalding ,
scraping , cleaning and hanging. One
ftiTangement for lightening labor in
this way is shown in the accompanying
illustration. The farm sled can ba used
ns list ; scraping platform b. The scald
ing vat a may be. osy large barrel
which Avill hold walor. Securely block
iind brace il so that it Avill not be dis-
placOd in put Ling the hog iu and taking
ii oul. In the iron kettle , c , the Avatcr
is heated. The hog is killed and drawn
along the side of Ihe scraping platform
opposite the iron kettle. Instead of
lifting the carcass onto the platform by
band , make use of the pivotal lever at
tached to the post d. Place a. chain
jihoul Ihe hind leg of the hog. hook Hit
fOiort end of the lever into this chain
and the hog is lifted easily. The post d
} * equally distant from the platform b
ynd posts g , b and f.
After the hogs have been scalded and
nil tiie hair removed put in the gani-
brels and with the lever lift them from
ihe scraping platform and swing them
around HO they can be hung upon the
crossbars in pcsls g. b and f. A lot of
heavy lifting is thus avoided. The
Crossbars can be made so that they Aviil
tin 11 around on a pivot in the direction
KUTClIEKKfO ARHAXOEMKNT.
of the arroAVS. This is accomplished
by boring a I1/- : inch hole in the top of
th ' post 1'se for crowbars 4 by1 oak
properly narrowed at the outer ends.
Cross these on top of the posts , bore a
I1- inch hole in the middle of the iuler-
j-eotion and secure Ihem in place by
means of an iron pin Avhie.li just fits
into the l1/ inch hole in the crosspieces
and the post. Fasten ihe cross arm.i
losjpiher and a first-class , cheap piA--
ot-il arrangement for hanging hogs is
the result. With Ihis device and the
lover there is absolutely no necessity
fur hcaA-y lifting. American Agricul
turist ,
A Ftitch in Time.
The weekly mending is ahYMys so
much of a bore that iho happy thought
of applying Ihe old adage , "a slitch in
lime. " io this dreaded task has set mo
\\ondorinjr AA'hy 1 have alloAved myself
to by troubled so long. Upon my dress-
ins ; table I keep in a little tray a needle ,
i bread and some darning cotton. Every
niuht when I remove my stockings I
look them over a glance sndices and
I Iind ihe little holes that begin io come
Aasily easier to mend than Ihe .AMAVII-
ing caverns lhat Yvould olhenvise bo
a AY ailing mo on Tuesday. And so it is
AY ilh other things. Serving on a buttcn
or catching together a tiny rip hero and
there tstkes scarcely a minute , but the
sum total of those rips and buttons
Y\ould make a largo inroad upon ono
precious Aveek day morning othorYvise.
Perhaps this scheme Avill not commend
itself to mothers. Certainly a half-
dozen pairs of slot-kings , big and little ,
could not bo mended every morning
before breakfast , but it is admirable :
in the still economy of a bachelor girl's
domain , and ought to Iu followed by
many of the girls Avho believe in the
old Remington saying. "To save time s
is to lengthen life. " M. I. McXeal. in
Orange Judd Farmer.
Value of Buttermilk. l'
3uUcrmilk possesos many valuable
qualities not generally recognized by
sfarnu-rs and dairymen. Some recent
< * niodioal tests have proven that as an
ajieni of digestion buttermilk has no
superior on the farm. Ir is of great
value in typhoid fever and. being a lax
ative , is excellent for habitual consti
pation. As a remedial agent in kidney
troubles it posseses good features , and ii
in cases of gastric ulcer and cancer of
ihe stomach it can be retained Avhen AY
no other food Avill remain. Those facts
oiitrht to be kept in mind and the niedi- fl
H-I ! virtues of buttermilk utilized in re
gaining health and keeping the body 01
impervious to disease. Farm and 01b'
3'airyman. b'
Scab on Applet and Pears.
The Ontario Experiment Station re in
ported a number of years ago lhat for
the prevention of seal ) on apples and 0
pears it is necessary to spray IAVO years
in succession io secure satisfactory ro- ni
ults. The first year's spraying often
appears to be of comparatively little lo
benefit in combating ibis disease. Confirmation
in
firmation of this conclusion is found
ibis year in reports from Michigan ,
wlrt'ro it is said that there is much scab in
ibis year , except in orchards Avhich
cl
were sprayed last year.
Chicken Cholera. iz
It is hardly Avorth Avhile io doctor
jiens for this falal disease , and the en- ct
< > rjry of the oAvner should be devoted
1o preventing its spread. Let him sep at
arate ihe sick hens , and then make up
liis mind to root up Ihe germs of the al
ala
disease from the premises by thorough a
Cleaning and disinfecting. The surface
of Hu ; hciij.-liii fatiuilid tten raped .lli-l
burucd. Every pan of Ih ' floor , rees :
and nests should be serap-d perfectl/
clean , and tben d'sinftcted wiI ; . : , ; jq-
uid made of one pint of o.-irluuio : ; cid JD
fifty qr.aiLs of water. Hx > ) * ' : 1 evoi :
are not able. lo sivc : encu. li of ih : > \ If
tims of eho'er.i to pi.v for tl.ic'nni'g.
but anyone tan chock i-s spread by
thorough measures. .Ma sa--t s.'iir ;
Ploughman.
The favor in which Kentucky sa
bred horses are. iovr held in I'uHi. . - ? ! ,
consequent upon repeated viclorii's in
the show rings , will str.vly oneonivjr
oven - 'O.SCM' attention in the lreoIij :
districts Jo the prodr.crion of high elis- :
hor.ses. The fact thai the. Ersst prefers
n Yvalk-trol--anler horse to one that has
all fit ; accomplishments is in favor oi
the breeder and trainer , as it is much
less work to finish the horse of the
lesser education. Type , weight carry
ing and Mood and saddle horse in
Hiinols ami intelligence are wii.-it is
M anted , am' the breed of saddle h : > rsoj-
chiefly fostrivd in Kentucky nu < l M'
sotiri is abundantly able to furnish a *
these roqr.iremt-nls. Action should not
be overlooked -not the action of n h'gh
stepper , but clean , true , attractive and
balanced fore and aft. From action
that comes from the shoulder is do
mandcd. while the hocks should follov.
promptly. Of all horsis a saddle horse
needs a leg always under him. There-
is a bright future for'breeders of the
saddle horse.- Breeder * ' 'lax/-lto. '
To Make Fhoe * l it. .
A new wrinkle may In1 learned from
an English soldier , who was noted for
keeping his boots in bettor condition and
making them last longer than any of
his brother officers. When asked what
he did io them to prevent the leather
from cracking and keping it soft and
.smooth , his reply was : "Mutton bone. "
When an explanation was demanded
he said : "It is uothi'i/r. I : issro you.
My man asks the cook for a knuckle
bone , which he clonus and then bakes.
After rubbing the leather with cream
he then frotles them as hard ns he can
v.'ith the bone. Usually my boots las. '
uie three years. "
Economy of Hornless Co\vs.
When ii comes to putting up cows
for winter , the cow lhat has no horns
will be found lo take much less room
than her neighbor who is templed to
and generally does hook and light all
those near her. In the stable * , of
course , each stall will accommodate its
cow , horns or no horns. But horned
cattle are often kept in stables on
bright , pleasant , winter days , to keep
them from hooking one another , when
they would be much healthier if al
lowed to run in a small yard. Most
barnyards are made much larger than
would be necessary if all horns Averc
removed.
Improved Incubator House.
The. cut shoAVs a plan for obviating
the inconvenience of rising tempera-
lure in the incubator house when the
sun is shining , especially late in the
spring" or in the summer. Then it isT
diJiicult to keep a uniform heat in the
machines , as the house becomes over-
boated from the effect of the sun upon
Douni > i-Kooi' ' ixciruATOi : uousi : .
the roof. A simple AA'ay out of the dim'-
tlel
onlty is io put on an additional roof ,
leaving an air space botAveen the two.
IfT
The inner roof can be covered with
cheap boards and roofing paper , with
lath battens. Tim outer roof should be
hisi
shingled , as a black roof absorbs the
sih
heat readihv Now England ironic-
slead.
'
Salt for Lawns.
"Wherever lawns are highly manured ,
us ; most AY'oll-kept ISIYVUS are apt to bo ,
a dressing of salt sometime during the ;
aAA
Yvintor Avill greatly benefit Ihem. Salt
in small quantities , as it must be used
iiAY
Yvhen applied io land , is one of ihe best ,
soh-onts < knoYvn. Wo arc so used lo
pulling salt in ex Ira amounts to hard
en and pick A'ogetables that YY'O are apt
It forgot that in A'ory small amounts it
rots them. Salt is especially valuable
U release mineral fertilizers that have
Ub
become inert in the soil.
Dairy Tomler * ; .
If the butler is mottled work it a lit-
llo after salting.
If the bnltor is too soft feed Ihe COAV
some polaloos.
Stringy milk can be cured by keep
ing the COAVS clean.
Wash all the milk vessels Avith cold
Avalor before scalding.
WhitOYvashed stables mean fcAver
Hies and more milk.
Crosses arc usually belter for farm
ers than pure breeds.
WhenoA'erpossible test the COYV'S milk
before ' buying her.
A COAV that lests below 3 per cent , is
not Avorth keeping.
COYVS and horses should not bo ailoAv-
d in the same pasture.
Richer food does not mean richer
milk ; it means more milk.
Many dairymen like an ounce of salt
the pound of butter.
Do not Yvot your hands Avhen milk
ing : if you do you ilaY'or the milk.
You Avaste 25 per cent , of your butter
summer by not using a separator. , '
Adding hot water to cream while
c-hurning is Ihe Avorst of all practices.
Healing milk lo 100 degrees Pasteur
izes it. Stir it continually while hot. is
When butter is poor don't blame ihe
OAA * . Blame your OAVH AY-ant of skill.
If the butter lakes lee long to come
idd one lo IYVO fresh COAVS lo the dairy. ni
"Warm milk from the COYV does not .
ibsorb odors. While cooling keep it in
pure atmosphere. Illinois Dairy Re-
lort. - - > a
THE FARM AND HOME.
MATTERSOFINTERESTTOFARM-
ER AND HOUSEWIFE.
Ideas in Reservoir and Fish Pond
Biiildine The Apple Tree Silk Moth
A Fhortajrc in the World's Wheat
Supply Not Probable.
In the following there may be some
new ideas in reservoir and fish pond
building :
For pond , mark off space fifty feet
wide and as long as you want pond ;
remove all woods and trash. ( If ground
is in sod , turn over light sod and remove
it. ) Plow'this strip deep , harrow and
pack : make bank eighteen feet wide at.
bottom and 12 feet high by scraping
dirt on Die prepared strip , sloping gradually -
ually on outside ; the in , or water side
slope , o feet in G and then round up to
7i . IL > making bank , every evening
wet all .lirt placed on bank that day by
means of hose attached to wooden tank
at win-Jmill. Tlie team tramping over
this the next day pack it solid so it will
not leak water. The grade on inside
will lave to be made by hand ; drawl'
dirt < D edge wilh hoe or shovel , then
tamp solid by hand. After banks are
completed wet entire inside of pond and
tamp both sides and bottom. I would
use .a Avooden beetle for this , one AVith
o or G-inch face. It would be better to
cement the bottom and sides tip about
three or four feet , but do not cement
above frost line. The whole secret of
building a dirt reservoir is the packing
or puddling the dirt after the banks are
mftde , and if the dirt used in banks is
very sandy or gravelly , you will have
to use a layer of four or five inches of
clay or black soil , mixed Avith short
manure , lo puddle the inside one-third
u-anure , two-thirds dirt or clay. Make
banks of reservoir same way , only
make bottom 20 feet wide and slope
from both sides alike to top of 7 feet.
When completed fence and wet thor
oughly. Now , turn iu twenty-five or
"
thirty" head of catllc and horses , as
many as you have available , and driA'e
hem around. They Aviil do the pud-
riling batter than you did the fish pond ,
but you could not use them there on ac
count of uarroAV bottom and slope
banks. * Repeat this puddling three or
four times. The bank betAveeu pond
and reservoir should be 12 feet across
.it top. All banks should be at least
18 inches higher , when settled , than
Irish-water lino. Stock Farm Journal.
The App'.e Tree Silk Moth.
The attention of orchardists is fre
quently called during the winter to co
coons on apple and other tYvigs. The
chances are lhat these are Ihe cocoons
of the apple tree silk moth. In many
Df the Middle and Western States these
cocoons are very common about the
edges of Yvoods and sAvamps. The lar
vae feed upon a great A-ariely of Avild
and cultivated trees and shrubs. The
moth comes forth from the cocoon in
early summer , often measuring &
inches across the expanded wings. The
ground color of the wings is a grizzled
iUisky brown , Avilh the hind margins
? lay colored ; near the middle of each of
'
the' wings there is an opaque , kidney-
shaped , dull rod spot , having a Yvhitc
center and a narroYV black edging , and
beyond the spot a wavy reddish baud
bordered with AVhile. The fore wings ,
aexl lo Ihe shoulders , are dull red Yvith
a. curved Avhite band , and near Ihe tips
jf the same is an eye-like black spot
within a bluish Yvhite crescent.
The moths lay the eggs on the trees
: -hoson , a single moth often depositing
many hundred eggs , from Avhich hatch ,
m about a Yvook , minute spiny caterpil-
'ars ' that at once begin to devour the
surrounding foliage. From lime lo time
they shod their skins , or molt. They
ire } very voracious , as Avonld be ex-
icetcd from the great size they attain ,
being , Avhen full groAvn , more than
'hree inches long and thicker than a
man's Ihumb. The body is covered Avilh
numerous spiny luborculos of yellow or
3f a coral-red hue. Two or throe of
hese fnll-groYvn larvae will strip a
j-oung apple iroe of foliage in a very
short time. Orange Jiuld Farmer.
Yield of AVJical.
Despite the enormous crops of Avheat
annually produced and low prices dur
ing some years , some political econo-
inisls are of the opinion that in a dec
ade more there Yvill bo a shortage of the
world's supply , as nearly all the aYMil-j j
able whe.-'t land is ISOYV utiiizod. There j
are. ! u > wc\rr. enormous crops of corn ,
oals and rye .urown. and more land may .
bo brought into service. Indeed , in the
matter ofvheat. . one fact has been
overlooked , \viiich is ihr possibility of l
larger yields per acre. The average
yield of Yvhent per aero in this ooiin-
try is about thirteen br.-hels , yet tYvico (
as many bushels per acre can be ir/own
as an average. There are fields of
wheii. : iiinler a high stem of oultiYM- .
iSr.n , which produce fifty bushels per j
acre , and as lonj ; as the land < -nn be 5m- j
provd ihe yield may be increased ae-
ciir.li2i.nly. The cost of production is I > o-
iig : reduced rvi-ry year , and the science
of agriculture is receiving more atten
tion 0:1 : the part of farmers. Should i
there 1-e a sirair ! ; ' < : f wheat fur one j '
i
sass > : i it would ret : 1:1 fanner.- ; re-j !
sortipg to every kiunvn me/hod } to st-j ! '
cr.re ' .nriTrr rroj's. as iii.vher prici-a- \\U'\ j \
sihisri.sro tlieni u > tin so. i
Ice in V sitersv ; T--oii-.vh' . i ;
Whaiever stock i > waiered from j
'rotisihs in ce.lslveiriier. . there should I ! \
be : : < : hu ; lixesl : : l ibe lower end of Ihyj ! j
irui'i ; ! ' . . so ; : ! u-i5i its icinoval all tiit ! ;
water can be drawn oil' every nhrln. It j i t
f.-r Ijot.'ci * . ! : ov.vv-r. tovaror scck ; i i j
in v ius-r ii is.nnJs where she K-e Avill . c.
.
i * T * 1 * *
tjje f-t si So ; * ihii 'ins ' fornrlover' ; ; j
li ! , ii .iie .vuif { il ' : irf.- . Tie : warer"j
r.i'Jit i ili - ! rA > 5isJi ld { p P"d : : s kept j
' J
watering trough is allowed to fill with
ice , it will keep the water very near the
; freezing temperature. A running brook
! where the ice may not freeze at all lias
| : water much colder than it is under the
ice in a pond.
Transplanting Yoimtr Forest Treca.
All the kinds of forest trees that are
most used as ornaments are groYvn by
nurserymen , and they are so much preferable -
! erable to those taken from the forest
' j ' that it is cheaper to buy nursery trees
than to take the latter Yvithout cost.
The cultivation iu the nursery develops
a great many small roots near the
trunk , and Yvhich can easily be removed
Yvhen the tree is dug. In the forest the
trees so crowd each other that they
spire upward with few branches , while
Ihe j roots not cheeked at all by cnltiva-
. lion run so far that all the feeding roots
aie destroyed when the tree is taken up.
So well is this understood that it is
j ( usual to cut off all the branches from
\ i ; a young tree transplanted from the for-
\
! est. In most cases dormant buds will
;
start from these bare poles during the
j
first summer , and if a number of them
i
j live this forms the beginning of the fu-
j ture top groYvth. Where Irees are proSe
cured from Ihe nursery Ihe branches
j should be thinned out , and those that
j are retained should be shortened. The
tree ' Avill almost certainly live , and will
be an ornament instead of disfigure
ment the first year or two after it has
been set. In many cases the tree from
the forest , set as a bare pole , puts out
a feAV shoots Avhich cannot get sap
enough to continue life through the sea11
son.
: Nutritioii3ncss of Buckwheat.
Buckwheat pancakes are said bj
those who work hard in the-open air to
maintain strength for a longer time
than any kind of bread or other cereal
food. This Is probably because th e pan
cake is somewhat harder to digest , be
cause it is not chewed so well and
therefore is not so porous in the stem
ach. Everybody knows that buckwheat
cakes are palatable. The discovery
that they are also one of the best foods
to put into the stomach in cold weather
make them more popular. But the
buckwheat flour is too heating when
the weather turns warm.
Fattening Sheep.
W. A. Henderson , an extensive and
successful grower and feeder of sheep ,
AVaseca County , Minn. , feeds and fat
tens sheep in large quantities for the
early spring marker. Ho lets his sheep
run. to straw and hay stacks as they
will. The grain fed is made up of
shelled corn , oats and screenings , one
bushel of the first , a peck of oats and
half a bushel of the last. This he keeps
before the sheep all the lime ; they will
not eat more than is good for them , and
fatten very rapidly.
'Farm ' Notes ,
The Massachusetts experiment sta
lion , after very thorough tests of insec
ticides and fungicides , only recom
mends bordeaux mixture for fungus
diseases , paris green for biting insects ,
kerosene emulsion for sap suckers ,
soap , salt and sulphur washes for
scales , and pyre'thriiie or insect powder
and white hellebore for certain condi-
tious.
Tut the young ro.ses that have just
rooted into a cellar where the frost will
not reach them , but do not keep them
too warm. If started very early in the
spring in the house and set out in the
open air after frost has passed , they
Yvill make rapid gytnvth and bloom dur
ing the summer. Old rose bushes may
be cut back after the ground is cold ,
and protected with straAv or old bags.
Xut groYviug is profitable , but it re
quires years to bring a nut tree to a
stage of groAVth Yvhero it Yvill pay well ,
hence only young farmers are induced
to devote land in that direction. AVal-
nnts , chestnuts and butternuts Avould
improve Avith cultivation. In a feAV
years AYMlnut trees Avill be so scarce
that the farmer Yvho has a groA-e will
secure his OYVH price therefor , the tim
ber being valuable.
The cost of Yvceds to the farmer in a a
community is enormous compared Avith
certain other expenses. Woods rob Ihe
soil and entail labor from spring u-util
fall. If the farmers in each community
would unite and determinedly fight
Yvcods for three years , not alloYving a
single one to groYV if possible , they
YY-ouId Ihen find their expenses greally
reduced oYving to the cost of produc-
lion t of Yveods and their destruction bo- I
ing removed.
Milk is the best food for all young
animals , but as the young animal that
is j fed on milk grouvs rapidly its de
mands for a larger quantity at each of
meal } increases. There arrives a period
Yvhon the animal can not drink enough
for { its support unless supplied fre
quently , as milk contains about SS per
cent , of water. If bran and linseed
meal are gradually added to the milk
a < Use animal advances in growth , its (
wants Yvill be fully supplied ,
Some of the export pickers of poultry
can lake the feathers off a fowl so
quickly as to astonish ono who do 's not
multrst.-.nd the operation. It is done
by dipping each oarcar-s in cold water
and afloAving it to drip. Finely pulver-
IziMl rosin H then dusted over and
among Ihe feathers , which causes the
.
feather.- stick to tlu- hands , even the
pli feather- : coming out with bui little
difiicuJiy. I'SLthe 0011111:01 : crr.de ru in. '
! : : ! iilf a lea poonfiil for each fowl. in
There are not many farmers who
Yvould bo willing io spread forty or
fifty ; loads of siauli- manure over the
apple i orchard , yt if : iiey would tlo so
they v.-tMii'l iind out that apples are
profitable as the manure Yvould increase - It
crease the yieldfinprdvo - * la- quality p :
: ml niake'iiieu ; n t.re salable uijTinrk'tii : . to
if thehar.urc Isj'iun olHarijahio a J'e'r- 1
cor.sistiugj of -i\hr ( pb'.mds uone of
nieTil. ' 00 pnr.'iuh ? s ; lpljfo of potash
w
Increased Value of Farms Near Cities.
Why is it that as YYO approach a large
city or approach a good turnpike , the
farms ahvaj's seem to be in a more
prosperous condition ? The buildings
are betler , ihe fields are apparently
m fruitful , and everything about
IL farm looks like it is in a highly
prosperous condition. My answer to
this question is that it is due to the in
creased profit upon the farm. The cost
of marketing the farm products is re
duced , and just as these costs are re
duced , the profits of the farm are in
creased. If the roads are good the
farmer Yvith his tAvo-horse AY'agon can
deliver at least a ton of hay or grain at
about one-fourth the cost of Avhat it
Avould be were the roads bad and he
couM only haul half a ton or less. If
the ! roads are good he can haul large
loads and make more frequent trips.
For example : If a farmer over a rough
road can haul Avith a tYvo-horse team
reh
half : a ton of grain to the market in
town , and make IYY'O trips a day , it
would cost him , say $4 a ton to deliY'or
his products to the market. If by im
proving the roads he can deliA'er a ton
al each load , he would at the same rate
ald
deliver ( two tons per day , which Yvould
cost him $2 a ton instead of $4 as bo-
fore. But if the roads arc in such condition
fcdi
dition that he can haul a ton at each
load instead of half a Ion , Ihe probabil
ity . is that the same team will walk
it.m
more rapidly , and instead of delivering
IYVO loads , he Avill be able to deliver
t11
three : or four loads in a day , thereby
still further reducing the cost of deliY'-
cring his farm products to the market
from $4 down to a dollar or less per
Ion. The saving upon leu tons of farm
toPI
produce YY'ould therefore be from tAven-
ty to thirty dollars ; yet AVC have farm
ers who complain that good roads are
unnecessary ] and that money expended
in improving the roads of the com
munity is largely AY'asted. Without
knoAviug it , every community having
good < roads bears silent and indisputa
ble evidence of their effect upon the
agricultural prosperity of Ihe community
ajra
munity Avhere Ihey exist. Agricultural
raE
Epitomist.
Proper Jfond Rcpairinsr.
Road-Inspector Thomas Malley , of
Morris County , XCAV Jersey , says that
' the scheme of pouring screenings on
a road to repair it is very expensive
and utterly AA'orthless. The first hard
rain carries away the screenings , or
they grind up and are blown aYY'ay in
the first dry spell. Experience shows
that until a road needs three-quarter
Inch stone it needs nothing. AVith Ihis
size stone as a basis , a little binder and
screenings , all Yvell rolled , Yvill make
the road as good as new. "
Carry IVIicli Larger Loads.
The Long Island farmers carry more
Ihan } ] double loads lo the New York
market since the main roads on the isl
and were macadamized.
Pick Up the JLoose Stones.
Remove loose stones from the high
ways. In many States the huv express
ly requires road overseers-to do it.
At an Antiquarian Banquet.
This unique and select feaot , says
Harper's Bazar , YAMS given more Hum
twenty years ago at Brussels , by a
resident of that city , himself an anti
quarian. Only six guests Avcre invited ,
one of lhem an American , from Avhom ,
as then published , is derived this brief
account. So dainty a bill-of-fare can
never be repeated. There YY'crc apples
groYvn more than eighteen hundred
years ago , and for this modern enter
tainment taken from an earthen jar res
cued from Ihe ruins of Pompeii. Bread
was offered made from wheat found in
chamber of one of the pyramids , and
raised before the children of Israel
passed through the Rod Sea : butter ,
churned when Queen Bess occupied
England's throne-chair , was taken
from an earthen crock found on a stone
shelf , where for centuries it had been
preserved in icy \YMter in one of the
wonderful tlcep Avells of Scotland ; and
Yviue , "long mellowing through the
apse of years' ' in : i secret Y'atilt in the
city of Corinth , as far back , so it Yvas
affirmed , as the fifteenth century. At
this unparalleled array of dainties each
guest had a bit of bread , a sip of wine ,
butter as much as desired , and thf
jai-of canned apples YVIS freely circu
lated.
Paris nn I : piV nahc ! City.
A well-informed military writer , a
me'mber of the general staff of the
Jerman army , has given it as his opin
ion lhat a successful siege of Paris
Yvould be. under present conditions , an
impossible undertaking. The now for-
tifioatioii that surround the French
capital -fro some fifteen or twenty mil ? s
from the city and are connected wih ;
Paris and with each other by a rail-
Yvay system Avhich would enable the
French commander so quickly mass at
oue point a very large body of nitn.
uhile the geneial of the besieging
army , if he wished to prevent the city
i'ron obtaining supplies and thus shut
the people and the army lhat YY--SS
del'enlug : it. would have to occupy a
line e.\iendng ; over K.'O mile and hcnoo
could not by , any possibility collect a
lai'SCe number of-his force at any one
point" io re.-is-fan at tad ; of the enemy.
required a ( lOrni.in army of. ap-
. . - ' . < .OOMiH'ii
pro.\iiiiSeIy.-n'.iO : , to lay siege
Paris from Sept. i : > . 1870 , to Jqu..39 ,
1871 , jbut tin ? anihoriiy. j.vo . refor'to is
the opini&i ih.'H to repeat ihe "same
army
I
I dliug Its parts would be something
j which few governments would care to
| undertake , and feYv military command-
era would be able to efficiently per
form.
Besides , these great outlying forti
fications would give to tiie people of
Paris , if their city AYMS again besieged ,
opportunity to obtain many of the
smaller supplies of life from the sub
urban districts. The French have spent
upon these new fortifications an
amount variously estimated nt from
530.000.COO to ? r 0COJ,000 and lionet can
well afford to sell the laud occupied by
some of the HOYV obsolete fortifications
of a generation ago. Boston Herald.
BUGLE CALL UNITES KRIEND3.
Novel 3-lspedicnt of a Tar to Find a
Mate's House.
Wai worth YYMS Yvitness on Christ man
eve of a striking instance of nautical
ingenuity and fraternity. A sailor from
her majesty's ship Ganges arrived in
one of the side streets of the district
mentioned in search of a shipmate pass
ing a brief holiday Yvith * his parents.
Yvho lived somewhere thereabout , but
whose address he had lost. lie asked
policemen and postmen and shopkeep
ers if they kneYV where a sailor boy
from her majesty's fleet lived , but none
of them Avere able to give the desired in
formation , and the dwellers in private
houses , whom he summoned by knocks
at the door , Avore equally devoid of
knoYvledge on the subject. The gallant
tar YYMS slightly nonplussed at so many
rebuffs , but at length he met a man
Yvith a barrow soiling paper decorations
for Christmas. These haYvkers ahyayn
carry Yvith them a long moJal Irumpec
through which to announce their wares
to the community. The sailor gave the
man a pennj * for the use of the instru
ment for one minute , and then sounded
Avith all his force Ihe Gauges' "dinner
call , " adding :
"If lhat doesn't bring out Jack , then
he ain't in this locality that's all. "
Sure enough , in less than half a min
ute a window Avas raised fifty yards
further doYvu the street , a nautical look
ing head showed itself at the aperture ;
and from strong , healthy lungs camui
the cheering response :
' 'Ship ahoy ! Full speed ahead , and
here you are. Why , the grog's been
aAYMitin' for you the last half hour ! "
Thus the two found each other
through a bugle call on a tin trumpet
and spent a joily holiday togelher.
London Telegraph.
Yankee Jn/jemiity'Ditl If.
Only a feYv years ago practically all
the canned peas consumed in this conn-
try were imported from France , the
famous petit pois. At that time it Avaa
deemed impossible to produce the re
quired quality in this country , consum
ers desiring firm , even bright green ,
goods , and though sulphate of copper
YYMS used in securing that color it madw
comparatively little difference Yvith tha
Irade. American packers , hoYvever. ex
perimented Yvith the object of produc
ing a pea the equal of the French arti
cle , and IIOYV Avell they succeeded ia
now an old story. Starting Yvith good
seed , and under careful cultivation , the
American pea HOAV equals the imported
product of Franco , and our packers
have built up an industry Yvhich has
become an important feature of the
great canned goods trade of the coun
try. The careful selection of seed has
resulted in \aricty having all the de
sirable qualities of the French product
and requiring the addition of no color
ing substances to make them attrac
tive. American canned peas stand on
their merits. Wisconsin and New York
are the leading pea-packing Slates , al
though others are rapidly developing
the industry.
The Sta ; o in Sliakspcnre's Time.
John Chnrton C'ollins. the distill-
guishedessayist and Quarter - RovioYV-
er , has been lecturing on the th'-afer o
Shakspoaro's time. Tin' typical theater
then Avas of Yvood. circular or hexagon
al in form , being modeled externally on
the general structure of the old amphi
theater for bull and iir i baiMng. Tim
interior AYMS fashioned after the man
ner of an inn yard. The pit YAMS scorch
ed bA' Ihe sun , YY'hile. iho actors YY'orc
protected by a thatched penthouse. The
scenery YYMS supplied by the imagina
tion of the audience , but AY'liat ww :
lacking in scenery YVJJS made up iu
noise and busre. ! things being kept.
A'ory lively in that dir"ciioii. The mosc
numerous class amonir the audience
were roistering apprentice .
On the < ? tajro and in other parts AY-ete
fashionable dandies. SYv.-ishbucklers ,
writers and actors. These , it is inter
esting to knoYv. ahvny < had a free pass.
The play lasted IYY'O hours on an aver
age , and. considering the noise and the.
smells which accompanied the perform
ance , one Yvas. Mr. Collins presumed ,
not sorry Yvhen "the ar-tors dropped oy
their knees to pray for the queen. "
America's Oldest Kongo.
The oldest house in America is in St.
Augustine. Fii. In l"jJ4 ( it YVS bv.ilc
by the monks of the Order of St.
Francis , and the whole of the. solid
structure is composed of
eoqnina. : i
ce-mbination of sea shells and mortar.
Yvhich is almost indestructible. When
Francis Drake sacked and burned tlm
town this was the only hou c left in
the trail of destruction. It has befit
purchased by theAvellknown anti- ,
quariau , J. W. Henderson.vho Yvilj'
make it hi- ; winter residence.
Bible Translations. *
.During the reign of the Queen tha.
British and Foreign Bible Society has'
issued UK ; noYV translations of th
Bible , or of portions of it , and bonmi-
copii > of these have found a place in
the library ofViud > or Castle as a gift
to the sovereign and as a memento oftfr
th ; > diamond jubHea of last year.
Wo seldom criticise the extravagance
of others when YVO are invited to par-
* '
take therect. ? : fJf ? Vj
r