S JL CAUSES OF HARD TIMES few days made necessary by the low price of plug totoacco and so the dance There was a time when with a much goes ou But it is all rIgnt tlie pe0plc smaller population and much less 15ke them they read in some Trust-sub-wealth than avc hove now we had no sidized paper that trusts are a good difficulties Ir the treasury no j thing and that settles it Higher cy of revenue and what was of much prices for nailSj steel coal crackers more consequence no distress among on wall paperj tobacco and countless the people If the causes which pro duce the present difficulties with the people can be removed we certainly wall return to the old condition of pros perity and happiness It would seem that there should be no difficulty in finding out what changes have occur red and in ascertaining beyond ques tion the cause of our present troubles There must be something radically wrong somewhere if the richest and freest nation on the globe is in such a condition of absolute helplessness and dependence as the President of the Uni ted States seems to consider us now In this country the people are the source not only of power but also of all wealth and prosperity When they are prosperous business will flourish all branches of commerce will be active and no financial difficulties will come to the treasury except as the result of insufficient revenue laws but no rev enue system no matter how wisely or judiciously formed can provide reve nue unless there is commerce and active business A time of industrial depres ztmLXt - What Is Money Money is as necessary to the masses as blood is to the human system With a full supply of money to transact the legitimate business of the nation the prosperity of the people is assured Then comes up the question what is money All civilized nations establish their own standards of money While England has her pounds shillings and pence France has her franc Avhile we adopted the standard of the British sys tem Since tlie establishment of this republic all our money has been repre sented by the dollar be the transaction great or small In no case is the eagle mentioned The silver dollar is our standard and shall remain so On the Defensive Republican orators have settled down to the work of defending the adminis tration It is not so much a campaign of apology for tlie corruption and favor itism of the administration as it is one of justification but which needs an im mense amount of explaining and de fending This means that the policy of the administration is not to be changed an any way but tlie people are to be made to believe that the aifhiinistration knows better than they what is good for the country Kansas City Times The Trusts Arc Prosperous It is a poor sort of a day that does not witness the formation of a trust of huge proportions Among tlie late born into the family is the wall paper trust thirty live or forty millions dollars cap ital and it is boldly stated that prices of wall paper will advance 25 to 50 per cent The plug tobacco trust is now xuceied to make its appearance in a other things count for nothing when considered alongside the virtues of trusts and the blessings they shower upon the people It is a pleasure to be robbed by such sweet mild mannered villains and it is better to let them se lect elect and control all public offi cers for they are in the business of governing and know how to do it Farm Stock and Home Protection an Incubus The American manufacturer not only has natural resources at his command but also possesses skilled labor and su perior machinery and in the combina tion of these two factors he can control the worlds markets In view of such conditions how absurd to keep up the cry of protection to home industries We have but to throw off the incum brance of high tariff in order to go forth and conquer the whole commercial world Even with this handicap the vigorous young giant of American in dustry is making rapid headway The policy of protection is fast becoming an sion and commercial stagnation must j anomaly for this commercially expand- be and ought to be a time of embar 1 s nation Our erstwhile infant in- rassment fm- nin rimwriiiioiif Tip uustnes nave outgrown tneir swim- laws wc now have on the statute books will with the revival of business pro vide ample revenue The change need ed is not in the revenue laws but in the financial condition of the people at large Whatever embarrassments the Government may now have to encoun ter are the result of the depressed con dition of all branches of business and the unsatisfactory condition of the peo ple generally If we can devise a means of relieving these there will be no difficulty about the conditionof the Government or of the revenues From James K Tones speech in the United States Senate I Supply and Demand We all recognize the principle of sup ply and demand when it is applied to the commodities Then why should we not recognize it when applied to gold and silver There existed for centu ries at least in some nations the right of any person to take gold and silver bullion to the mint or mill of the gov ernment and have it coined into legal tender money Would not the taking a way of that right as to one metal af fect not only its value but also that of the other Suppose the nations of the world were to conclude from a scien tific inquiry that it was unhealthy to eat wheat bread and that as a sanitary measure they should pass laws that millers should no longer grind wheat If that law could be enforced what effect would it have upon the price of wheat Every one knows that the minute that law took effect wheat would sink lower and lower in value until it reached a price equal to what it would be worth to feed to animals Why Because the very demand for which wheat had been raised was de stroyed and consequently its value must be fixed by the next thing for which it is demanded What effect would ihis same law have imon the price of corn You know that the minute that law took effect corn would begin to rise rapidly and go higher and higher in price until it reached double its former value Why life cause the enormous demand which existed for wheat and corn had been transferred to corn alone and as the demand for corn had been doubled it must of necessity double the value thereof Gold and silver are metals that are subject to the same law of supply and demand and consequently must yield in jtrice as the demand is removed from one and shifted to the other dliug clothes Detroit Free Press Why Not Here is a subject for farmers to dis cuss at the institutes this winter There is no class more interested in the cur rency question than the farmers You are told that money is plenty in fact lying idle in the banks who are anxious to loan it to you in their paper prom ises but you must engage to pay it back in gold You cant object as your sanction is necessary to their existence and the national treasury sets them the example by locking up such vast amounts of gold silver and greenbacks representing money in the treasury Why not coin all the gold and silver as fast as it comes from the mines and pay the soldiers and thus put it in cir culation Possible Renewal of the War Vexatious delays indicate that Spain is not prepared to yield all that is de manded of her and that she is playing for delay in the vain hope that some thing may happen such as a general upheaval or the assistance of another power which might save to her some of her dependencies The reluctance to abandon Cuba is particularly mark ed and the fact that there are still fully 130000 Spanish trtfops in that island makes it barely possible that further resistance there might be tried While hoping for the best it would be a mis take for the administration not to pre pare for the worst New Orleans Pica yune Day of Reckoning Coming Among other things that the present administration will have to stand in quiry into sooner or later is the cause of the receiut Indian outbreak in Min nesota We pretty well know the cause of tihe outbreak of corruption in the War Department Perhaps there may have been some sound business meth ods in the Interior Department that would repay investigation Hitherto peaceable Chippewa Indians would not be liable to insurrection without some reason that it behooves the country to know about What a winter of scandal and wrecked reputations we are mov ing toward Washington Times Characteristically Erratic Col Roosevelt with immaculate gravity warned the audience he ad dressed in Xew York City the other night that the United States in contin uing to act on the advice of George Washington as regards the expansion of its territory were in danger of lapsing into the condition of China We are inclined to wonder if the Colonel thinks he makes votes by this kind of talk or if it is only the exhibition of that erratic quality in -him as a man of judgment which has contributed to lose him public confidence in his previous career Boston Herald Why Restricted Free Trade At a banquet recently given by the Illinois Manufacturers Association resolutions were adopted in which the national government is asked to estab lish free trade between this country and Cuba the Philippine islands and rorto Rico It is not explained why the Illinois Manufacturers Association drew the line there Surely if free trade is a good thing ifshould not be confined to a few islands where our trade relations can at best be but small Denver Tost KfFcet on Labor of Restoring Silver Let us have all the silver we can pos sibly get conveited into money It will not lie idle It will be used to buy lands buy labor build houses build factories build railroads and carry on business It will be that much new blood and will give us an activity and a prosperity bettor than Ave have yet seen The laborer will be the first to feel its benefits for there will be an im mediate demand for his services not only will all be employed but wages will go up Arrest of Quay Tlie lapse of a man in high station whom everybody has considered above suspicion is deplorable and sometimes tragic but it is inevitable that such in dividual lapses shall occasionally oc cur and they arc not a disgrace to the community Quay arraigned on a criminal charge even though it is not proved shows Pennsylvania up to the world in an infinitely worse light than would the actual conviction of a man in whom the people had been deceived The people of Pennsylvania have not been deceived in Quay They have known perfectly all along what kind of a man he was Baltimore News The Next Congress The chances of Democratic control of the next House of Representatives seems to be growing as the date for the Congressional elections draw near Like the campaign of two years ago to the middle West is to be left the final decision The Democrats are claiming things in that section with much more confidence than the Republicans but perhaps there it yet a chance for Han nas barrel to get in its work It ap pears to be conceded by Republicans that their only chance is through the use of a great corruption fund What a travesty upon popular government- Atlanta Constitution Too Much Leniency Shown We have yet to hear that responsibil ity for the horrors of the transport ships has been fixed upon anybody yet to hear of any cashiering of officers whose gross neglect of the rudiments of sanitation made fever epidemics in the camps inevitable yet to hear that contractors have been heavily mulcted for failure to furnish supplies of the stipulated quality and quantity at tho places and times agreed upon But news has come not infrequently of men in the ranks shot dead for breaches of discipline The severity may have been justifiable How about the leniency Noav York Times Infamy in tie Legislature There has never been a more open and notorious sale of privileges to mon opolies and corporations in any Stale than was exhibited by the Legislature of Illinois in the passage of the Yerkes bill And John Riley Tanner approved of this shame less prostitution by placing the sign manual of his office upon the back of these infamous violations of a peoples trust St Louis Republic Alger Making War on Miles It is said that Alger loses no oppor tunity to snub Gen Miles going so far as ito not consult the la titer in the cam paign against the Pillager Indians at Bear Lake This is no surprise after the petty malice exhibited by the pub lication of a misrepresentative para graph from a private letter as a means of getting even with acourageous critic of the War Department Pittsburg Dispatch Tariff and the Woolen Industry The Republican papers are trying hard to trace the stagnation in the woolen industry to the AVilson tariff Strange that the mills should have dono a prosperous business while that tariff was in force and that suspensions and assignments should have begun just as the Republican orators were beginning to call attention to the splendid fruits of Dingleyism Manchester X H Union Step Up and Settle After surveying the field Mark Haiv na concludes that it will cost 2000000 to save the next nouse of Congress to the Republican party Order out the fat fryers Boston Globe Lay the Blame on Tanner The Governors position as to import ed miners may wear well in politics but it will hardly be acceptable in riots Peoria Journal To him alone is due primarily all the blame for a tragedy which every true friend of labor will sincerely deplore Xew York Mail and Express If Tanner had responded to the ap peal of the Sheriff he would probably have prevented the bloodshed and forc ed all concerned to remain within their rights as citizens Sioux City Iowa Tribune The tragedy at Yirden 111 might have been prevented had not Governor Tanner tried to steer a middle course between the dictates of the law and the desire for popularity Boston Tran script The conclusion is unavoidable that if Governor Tanner had anticipated the trouble at Virden by supplying an ade quate force for the protection of all life and property threatened this clash would not have occurred Buffalo Ex press It was his duty to preserve the peace and let legislatures and courts attend to the rights and wrongs of the ques tion ne chose the demagogues part and the results place him in no credit able light Minneapolis Times As long as it is possible to place a John R Tanner in the Governors chair of a great State the domestic problems of this nation are not solved and there is no civic patriotism and philanthropy to spare in uplifting distant barbarians Detroit Free Press If a party of disorderly miners were preparing to prevent these laborers from working it was the duty of the States executive to take all precau tions against riot and anarchy Gov ernor Tanner chose to ignore his duty Indianapolis News Governor Tanner of Illinois has es tablished a unique method in dealing with riots He Avails until the riot has taken place and a number of men have been killed then he makes a move to send troops to disarm both sides and restore peace Kansas City Star The part taken by the Governor of the State is not pleasant to contem plate for those who like to think that the Executive derives his authority solely from the laA and has no right to inject into it his personal prejudice or ambitions Xew York Times THE PRETTY SERGEANT A Woman Who Served in the Napole onic Armies The stoiy of Virginia Ghesquiere the French heroine Avho Avas decorated AAith the order of the Legion of Honor for distinguished bravery during one of the campaigns of the French army in Spain is graphically told by Emile Cere in his history of the Madame Sans Gene etLes Femmes Soldats Ill the conscription of 1S06 a young man by the name of Ghesquiere was enlisted among the forced recruits of the department of the Haut Rhiu The beardless conscript Avas frail and deli cate utterly unable to bear the fatigues and hardships of Avar Realizing the physical incapacity of her twin broth er Avhom she Aery closely resembled the brave and unselfish sister Virginia decided to take his place in the ranks Witn the courage of a high and noble motive Virginia Ghesquiere begged her parents to alloAv her to do for France Avhat her brothers ill health rendered it impossible for him to do and so earn estly did the young patriot plead that she avoii their consent Donning her brothers apparel the intrepid girl presented herself at the department on the following day and Avas assigned to the TAventy seventh Regiment by the unsuspecting officer Avhose duty it Avas to enroll the re cruits For six years the brave young avoui an preserved her disguise and during this period Avas several times reAvarded for gallant conduct At Hagram the pretty sergeant as the modest ef feminate looking young soldier Avas generally called had the honor of sav ing the life of the colonel of the regi ment Avho had fallen into the Danube and Avould have perished but for her efforts On the second day of May 1S0S after the Battle of Lisbon the pretty ser geant performed a deed of valor that won for her the decoration of tho Le gion of Honor The girl soldier Avho Avas now ser geant of a company of riflemen per ceived at a short distance from the field pf battle the figure of the colonel of the regiment lying under the body of his dead horse Turning to tAAO comrades he said The body of a colonel is a Hag that belongs to the regiment and the Twenty seAenth Avill retake it As she spoke she advanced toAvard the prostrate officer folloAved by tAvo soldiers ner comrades both Aveak from loss of blood Avere unable to reach the goal so that the burden of the affair fell upon her slender shoul ders On reaching the spot she found it impossible to lift the heavy body of the fallen officer tug and struggle as she might She Avas uoaa moreover beset by two straggling English sol diers Seized by a sort of frenzy at this cowardly interruption of a mer ciful deed the little sergeant fired at one of her assailants wounded him in the shoulder and then disabled the other by Aigorous Woavs from her gun stock Both Britons surrendered and assist ed her in placing the officer who still breathed upon a horse which had still strayed near Compelling the English men to alloAv themselves to be attached to the horses tail the pretty ser geant made a triumphal entry into camp and soon after made a Chev alier of the Legion One of the most singular circum stances of this curious history is that after the Avars Avere oAer the Avoman who had Avon renoAvn on the battlefield and public recognition from the Em pire chose to ire turn to her native prov ince and resumed there the old simple tranquil domestic life of her childhood Virginia Ghesquiere died in 1835 but her memory Avill ahvays live among the inhabitants of Delemont avIio from one generation to another Avill tell their childrens children the story of the girl soldier avIio served France so heroi cally for her brothers sake WSig fit ffe AIT EjgflisHK 3 One of the features of the new hos Dital building in Berlin is to be a large room in Avhich patients suffering from lung diseases can breathe air artifi cially impregnated Avith salt It has been found in Japan that the most effectiAe way to teach the natives o take precautions against the spread Df disease is to show them the liAing organisms in polluted water by means of microscopes placed in the temples N It is said that the castor oil plant is abhorred by nearly all members of the animal AAorld that moles maybe driAen from a lawn by planting a feAV castor beans in it and that neither the terrible army worm nor the all destroying locust will eat it The high quality of Swedish steel AAas strikingly illustrated at a recent exhibi tion A steel ribbon cold rolled Avas twined like a silken band about one of the pavilions the length of this mon ster tape being 2345 feet its AA idth eight inches and its Aveight 1140 pounds The four inch rapid fire guns of the American naAy are found to be highly effective in action Four men handle the ammunition and tAvo sight and fire the piece The projectile is a 33 pound shell AAith fourteen pounds of smoke less poAvder and it perforates five Inches of steel at 1500 yards Six shots a minute are the average All the gun boats are supplied with these formida ble Aveapons for their main batteries The speed of electricity is so great that its passage from point to point along a conducting wire may be regard ed as practically instantaneous Va rious attempts haA e been made lo measi ure the rate at Avhich it travels ana observers with delicate instruments have affirmed that it AAas not less than 114000 miles per second and in one or tAvo places its speed Avas as high mi 240000 miles Miss Elizabeth Taylor Avritiug in Popular Science Noavs of the plants and flowers of Iceland describes a curious sight AAhich she Avitnessed in the lava fields near Reykjahlid Xoticing wreaths of steam issuing from the sum mit of a small Aolcano she climbed up there and found a band about tAvo feet Avide of beautiful plants bearing large1 1 flowers encircling the interior line oft the crater The steam warmed the floAvers and the rim of rocks protected them from the cold Avinds Avithout It is said that lightning may be recogr nized at a distance of 200 miles Avhen clouds among AAhich it plays are at a high altitude but that thunder can sel dom be heard at a greater distance than ten miles The sound of thunder is also subject to retraction by layers of different density in the atmosphere as well as to the effects of sound shad ows produced by hills and other inter posed objects These are among the reasons for the existence of the so-called sheet or summer lightning AAhich seems to be unattended by thun der Remarkable photographs of the ring nebula in the constellation Lyra have recently been made at the Meiidon Ob servatory near Paris These pictures sIioav a great deal of diffused nebulous matter inside the ring but none outside Avhile in the center appears the image of a star This star can also be seen AAith a telescope But the drawings of the ring nebula made by Ilerschel in 1833 by Lord Rosse in 1S44 and by Trouvelot in 1S73 show no star there and Monsieur Rabourdan thinus this may indicate that changes are going on in the nebula such for instance as the formation of a solar body Avithin the ring HER LITTLE JOKE The Ungband Not the Only Ilimioriat in tlie Family A Washington man connected AAith the publishing business is fond of a practical joke and has likoAvie a con stant and unchangeable ambition to sIioaa off in the presence of his Avife Recently he AAas at a gathering of men where a Avell knoAvn specimen of his favorite kind of humor AAas employed to aid in the merrymaking The next morning at breakfast he said very graAcly Susan it has been a long time since I gave you anything as a token of my affectionate esteem I need a Avinter wrap she suggest ed gentlj We AAill think of that later What I mean to give you iioav is diamond ring Right now she exclaimed Yes he answered as he dived into his pocket Heres a dime and here touching the servants bell is the ring There you haAe a dime and ring Then he said Ha ha at the top of his Aoice many times He was rather tired Avhen he got home that eAening Is there any dessert he inquired after he had eaten all that had been placed before him Yes she answered It is some thing that I am sure you ought to ap preciate I Avent out and had it espe cially prepared for you She took from the sideboard and placed before him a small card upon AAhich AAas printed MC1NE Whats this he inquired as he held it off and started at it That she replied sweetly i minco pi Washington Star Limits to Marriageable Age It makes considerable difference in the matrimonial advantages of a per son AAhere he may have been born or is a citizen This remark applies Avith peculiar force to the minimum age Avhich renders a union legal It in a measure implies the consent of parents or guardians in all the instances cited although once united the law sustains the marriage maugre dissent of the j parents etc In Austria fourteen years are looked upon as sufficient to entitle a person of either sex to take on the burdens of matrimony Germany re quires the male to be 18 and the female 10 In France and Belgium the man must be 10 and the woman lo In Spain the intended husband must have pass ed his fourteenth year and the AAoman her tAvelfth The hiAV in Hungary for Roman Catholics is that the man must be 14 years old and the Avoman 12 for Protestants the man must be 18 and the Avoman 15 In Greece the man must have seen at least fourteen sum mers and the woman tAvelve In Rus sia and Saxony they are more sensible and a youth must refrain from matri mony till he can count fourteen years and a Avoman until she can count six teen In- SAvitzerland men from the age of 15 and Avomen from the age of 12 are alloAved to marry The Turkish law provides that any youth and maid avIio can Avalk properly and can under stand the necessary religious service are alloAved to be united for life Electric Cars for Spain Spain may be in the throes of politi cal disorganization and financial ruin but she cannot do without the ubiqui tous trolley Extensive systems are uoav to be put in at Madrid and Barce lona The total amount of the contract is nearly Sl000000 and the equipment or rolling stock AAill include 100 mo tors The money engaged in the en terprise is British The trouble with too many children is that the education of their parents has been sadly neglected Any man may grow richer but no man may grow younger INTcWirERAfsCc IN HAVANA J CnL ans Treat linpliiiK e Chief Business of Life Havana is the one place whore tho chief occupation of the inhabitants seems to consist df tippling said Wil liam Ryan the well known Virginia journalist at the Metropolian It is the drinkers paradise and alo the smokers for in these two habits Everybody indulges with a freedom I never saw elsewhere People get up rather early in the Cuban capital to en joy the cool morning air and scarcely take anything except a coffee and roll 1--1 i a -I -1 1tvfri ueiore uruuiviusuui at jl - - that period the regulation amount of tipple for a Cuban gentleman is six gin cocktails Thus fortified he can make put till the first meal of the day afc which it is the proper and customary act to drink a bottle of claret and like Aviso a bottle of champagne The latter costs just as much too let it not es cape your mind asit does in the United States Noav having breakfasted our friend is getting ready for the serious busi ness of the day the consumption of other spirituous drinks His fancy turns to brandy and soda at this stage and ere the dinner hour arrives he must have SAAallowed no less than six b and ss at least he is shy of the requisite quota unless that many have followed the gin cocktails There is no limit though at the half dozen station but it is regarded as a minimum Dinner conies on and Avith it another bottle of claret and ditto champagne just as at breakfast in the evening there is no regular program but mixed drinks are Indulged in ad libitum I will say in cidentally that payments for all drinks ure on a cash basis This is no fancy description but is fust what the average individual Cuban AAill regale himself Avith in With it all it is the rarest thing in the Avorld to see anyone intoxicated The only drunken man I saAV down there Avas an American As far as the drinking goes nobody in IlaA ana con siders that the custom of the island in this respect is at all to be criticised as excessive The climate is such that men can stand a Aast amount of drink ing Avithout apparent injury Wash ington Post jsftElluM mr WmSfflfW MftiSimTtM i It is noAV said that the manuscripts of The Heavenly Twins Ships That Pass iu the Night and Robert Els mere were all declined by one New York publisher Ethel YoA nich author of The Gad fly is 33 years old and is Irish byxf birth and English in ancestry being the daughter of the logician Boole ner husband is a Pole of quiet tastes Avho has long lived in London Jules Verne Aiio is in his 70th yeaiv is living at Amiens France in robust health and spirits He has Avrirtn seventy six books and is still at work His hardest AAork he says has been to read up the stories of travelers in order to Avrite his oavu stories for hfr himself has traAeled very little The family of Alma Tadema the Royal Academical seems to be re markably gifted His wife is a skill ful painter His daughter Miss Ann aaoh a medal at the last Paris exhibi tion and the second daughter Miss Laurence Alma Tadema is the author of the novel The Wings of Icarus Le Revue do Paris prints a letter Avritten by Balzac in which he de scribes a visit to George Sand at her country chateau I found the cam arade he said in her dressing gownr smoking a cigar Avearing red trousers and yellow slippers She had a double chin like a monk He also states that George Sand Avent to bed at 0 a m rose at midday and smoked to excess Sher dressed her daughter as a boy GiAe me a nook and a book ry And let the proud world spin round Let it scramble by hook or hy crook For Avealth or a name AAith a souj d You are Avolcome to amble your Avays Aspirers to place or to glory May big bells jangle your praise -- And golden pens blazon your srryr For me let me dwell in my nook Here by i curve of this brook That croons to the tune of my book Whose melody wafts me forever On the waves of an unseen river Farm and Fireside Mr ZangAvill tells me Avrites a corre spondent of the Westminster Gazette that many years ago he sent a short poem to one of tlie best knoAvn of the American monthly magazines The poem came back by the first mail But Mr ZangAvill kept it by him and quite recently he sent it on again to the same magazine This time immediately on its receipt he received a cable from the proprietors of the magazine ofterluic to buy the world rights and almost immediately they issued a large poster intimating that their next issue a ouI1 contain a poem by I ZangAvill The poem AAas the same Avord for Avord but in the interim Mr Zangwill had achieA ed fame and his signature war Avorth money Careful AVile Now Henry dont forget I The ba nd round your hat means rhar you must order that medicine at the druggists the string round your finger isxfortlm theater tickets the Ijoav on your arm is to remind 3 011 to post my letter to moth er and knot in your handkerchief is for that paper of needles and that bean in your shoe will remind yon of the corn plaster Good bye dear and be careful of yourself Ex If a Avoman has motherly instincts A she particularly admires a boy WWS looks as it his appetite miirht be s ood s