ix
OUE MODERN IDEALS
BEAUTIES OF TODAY COMPARED
WITH THOSE OF THE PAST-
Lack of Expression in the Venuses
and Junos Meaningless Faces Urawn
by Noted Artists Naturalness of
Ideal Faces of Today
Chapter on Art
The critical -writers on high art have
a fashion or more properly a fad of
reverting to the classical models of
sculpture and painting as being of a
it
THE WATER CARRIER BLAAS
grade so far above any tiling that has
been produced in modern times that the
works of our contemporaries are not
-worthy to be mentioned in the same
breath if indeed in the same day
-when a comparison is instituted be-
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AT THE FEAST LEOX FORTUX3KI
were the names of men living in the
next street while if the talk be of
painting Zeuxls and Pausias and Apel
les and a number of others figure with
equal prominence and familiarity aa
the writers descant on the superiority
of ancient art to modern and prove to
their own satisfaction that the painters
of our own time ought to be painting
fences instead of faces and that the
sculptors would better be employed in
breaking macadam than in chiseling
marble
Ideals are well enough in their way
in fact the world without them would
probably not amount to much but in
sounding their praises it is well to re
member that It is quite possible not
only for every age to have its own but
also that those of a succeeding age may
be a decided improvement on such as
have gone before Owen Meredith says
somewhere in Lucile
A dwarf on a dead giants shoulders sees
more
Than the live giants eyesight availed to
explore
The saying is just as true now as
when he stole it from George Sands
novel and made it as much his own as
he could by putting it in rhyme and
meter Artisticallj the painters of the
present day stand on the shoulders of
those who have gone before them and
are able to create models of their own
Particularly is this the case in the
matter of female beauty Every age
and country has its own standards or
Ideals in this matter and what would
be considered a perfect type in one
might be regarded as deficient in an
other so that a dogmatic ruling on the
snbject -while It might be satisfactory
to some might also be extremely dis
tasteful to others The belle of Da
homey -would hardly shine in Paris
-while the most beautiful Chinese -woman
-would not come up to European
ideas ye these ladies are doubtless
very beautiful in the eyes of the gal
lants of their respective countries how
ever much their charms might lack of
satisfying the aesthetic tastes of the
beaux of other lauds But among the
Caucasian races there has been a gen
eral consensus of artistic opinion as to
what constitutes female beauty Reg
ularity of features without undue
prominence on the part of any one
plumpness of face and form medium
height all parts of the body in just and
proper proportion color and expression
are regarded as the main points of
beauty and while some of these have
received scrupulous attention from the
ancient sculptors when doing ideal
work one has been notably neglected
Ancient portrait busts are full of ex
pression and in this connection it is
a singular fact that there is compara
tively little difference in the type of
countenance between the women of the
time of the Caesars and the women of
our own age When they were repre
senting in marble or bronze the fea
tures of living women the ancient
sculptors were true to life but the mo
ment they departed from the copy set
before them and attempted to idealia
they became meaningless There is not
an atom of expression in the face of
Venus as it has come down to us in in
numerable statues and busts the fea
tures are irreproachable but the face Is
that of a doll and the same lack of ex
pression is observable in the Junos the
Minervas the Muses the Graces and
other ideal female faces which the
Greek and Roman sculptors preserved
for us in bronze and marble In seek
ing to avoid positiveness of expression
as in portraits they lost all and pre
sented regular features but nothing
more While the ancient portrait busts
are therefore admirable the ancient
TRAUMEREI KONRAD KIEFEL
tween them says a writer in the Globe-
emjocrat In a really learned art
DSao the names of Praxiteles and
hSioc iro5inloi nnrl ilfnmoiloi
lonius and Tauriscus and Chares and
Cleomenes and Lysippus and Myron
are as familiarly used as though they
mg
ideal statues are largely destitute of
character Of the truthfulness of the
busts Ave know nothing and indeed it
is remarkable to notice how greatly the
portrait busts of the same man differ
from each other There are ten or
twelve busts of Julius Caesar for in
stance each so different from all the
others that it would be impossible to
identify them as belonging to the same
man and the same peculiarity may be
noticed in the case of several other
celebrities of that age
The sculptors of our own day are still
to some extent fettered by the tradi
tions of the ancient art canons but the
painters have burst their bonds and
established ideals of their own In so
doing they have freed themselves not
only from the thralldom of the ancient
art rules but also from the almost
equally rigorous bondage of the Re
naissance art The present age in art
as in almost everything else has brok
en away to no inconsiderable extent
from the domination of its predecessors
and the artists have created for them
selves new ideals which appeal more
strongly than those of former times to
the public taste because they are more
truthful to nature than their predeces
sors One touch of nature in art as in
poetry or fiction makes the whole
world kin and in this fact may be
found an explanation of the popularity
of such paintings as The Angelus
It is to art what the picture of Tiny
Tim with his plaintive God bless us
every one is to literature a perfect bit
of characterization done in irreproach
able style and with the strictest regard
to detail and coloring
Where the whole modern artistic
world has taken the same course com-
MwMnMWMUMnMaiiHMaEai
-THE FLOWEBGIRL EDJIOXD DE PUBV
parisons would be invidious but illus
trations of the peculiarly modem style
may easily be observed not only in
such pictures as thosv left by Millet
but also in Now Are the Days of
I Roses by Bernard At the Feast by
Leon Fortunski Traumerei and
Sous by Konrnd Kief el The Water
I Carrier by Blaas and The Flower
Girl by Edmund dp Pury There are
hundreds of others but the striking in-
dividuality of the art of the present day
ample as by a dozen or a hundred and
these illustrations are typical of the
whole
The cause of the remarkable differ
ence is not difficult to find The artists
of our time have a vivid apprehension
of the fact that the closer the approxi
mation of art to nature the truer be
comes the picture as an art work and
also as a glimpse of one phase of life
In Traumerei for instance there is
the suggestion not only -of a charming
face and figure but also of a train of
reflection and reminiscence It is a
beautiful picture also suggestive and
the beholder feels certain that behind it
lies a whole romance a three volume
novel with plot incidents and denoue
ment complete So also round the
Water Carrier and the Flower Girl
fancy can play and weave a web of
imagery which shall make theni prin
cesses in disguise or heiresses who are
kept from their estates by the machina
tions of a heavy villain who sooner or
later will come to Justice and be com
pelled to give tlem possession of their
own They are more attractive than
the ideal oharacters the Graces the
Muses of the Renaissance painters be
cause they are truer to life
WOULDNT MARRY d G FAIR
How the California Senator Got the
Mitten in Hia Youth
Because he loved so ardently for
which reason she thought him too
soft Miss Lizzie Hardin refused
James G Fair to many Thomas
Bryan That was years and years ago
before the great bonanza days on the
Comatock lode when Senator Fair was
plain Jim Fair and both were young
Indeed Lizzie was only 15 years old
and Jim had but recently reached
his majority Mrs Bryan is a widow
now and still lives on the old farm in
the Sonoma valley California She
was asked about her acquaintance with
Mr Fair and how he came to propose
marriage She said
Yes he wanted to marry me said
Mrs Bryan slowly I was very young
then hardly 15 when he first proposed
We never quarreled I thought every
thing of him as a friend he was so
kind I couldnt help liking him that
way and I suppose I should have had
him if he hadnt thought so much of
me The more he showed that he liked
me the less I cared for him I thought
he was too soft she explained illus
trating the perversity of feminine hu
manity the world over
Now Mr Bryan never showed that
STo
Winftoaeoo
MISS LIZZIE HARDEN
As she looked when she refu ed James G
Fair to marry Thomas Bryan
he cared for me Instead he was as in
different as Mr Fair was kind and af
fectionate and in fact it was because
he acted so indifferent I made up my
mind I would have him Well I got
him she continued by way of com
parison
Distressing
Genial old Izaak Walton himself had
not a keener fishermans instinct than
-was possessed by old Ziniri Skillings
who flourished in a Western State a
good many years ago One day Zimri
took his rod and line and wums as
he called them and started off for a
four days fishing trip
He had been gone but one day when
his poor old wife died unexpectedly
and a neighbor hastened off in pursuit
of Zimri He was found silently but
profoundly happy with his line cast in
the Cinnamon River He turned pale
and -was at flnrt speechless with emo
tion when told of his loss
Its too bad Zimri said the
sympa
thetic neighbor whereupon Zimri
found voice enough to say
Wal I shd say so with the pic rel
bitin ez I aint seen em bite fer a
year And he gulped down another
sob
The Year
The countries and nations of the
world with a few exceptions begin the
year with January 1 but that this sys
tem is arbitrary and based upon noth
ing in particular does not even need to
be proved The ancient Egyptians
Chaldeans Persians Syrians Phoenil
oians and Carthaginians each began
their year with the autumnal equinox
or about September 22 Among the
Greeks the beginning of the ygar was
at the time of the winter solstice down
to J32 B C when the Metonic cycle
was introduced after which the uew
year begun on June 22 In England
from the time of the14th century until
1752 the legal and ecclesiastical year
began on March 25
Two Kace Track Proverbs
Nothing ventured nothing gained
He caroled as he started
When he returned he sighed A fool
And his money soon are parted
Washington Star
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TIRE PUNCTURES AND THE BEST WAY TO REPAIR THEM
INVESTING PflrC VlfeJ S t0
with plier 5 ik3a
OSiW -1 VI TW f Hpl iN QUANTITIES
Wlw r RUBBEsa samp
1 jBiWW iBiSgll I
-New York World
MONUMENT TO CABOT
People of Bristol England to Honor
the Navigators 3Ienory
John Cabot the discoverer is to
have a monument erected to his honor
and memory by the people of the city
of Bristol in England This year is
the 400 th anniversary of the discovery
I
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BESSSSSJtrWSSK
wzmzmgm gm
pPLS5S
MONUMENT TO JOHX CAUOT
of the North American continent and
Bristol considers herself especially con
cerned because it was from that fa
mous port that Cabot and his col
leagues sailed in the Matthew on her
most successful voyage on which she
sighted the North American continent
The site for the monument is the sum
mit of Brandor in the heart of the city
The hill is twenty five acres in extent
and has been donated by the town
council to the purpose The monument
will take the form of an ornate tower
which has been designed by W V
Gough the eminent English architect
The movement is under the guidance
and patronage of the Marquis of Duf
ferin The Cabot monument commit
tee before appealing for funds was al
ready in possession of 10000 which is
one fifth of the amount necessary for
the building of the memorial tower
SELF OPERATING PUMP
Yonns Indiana Farmer Has One on
Exhibition
Oscar Jones a young farmer living
one mile northeast of Hagerstown
Jndhasnowon exhibition a pump with
which he expects to save people who
get water by pumping many a weary
hour It is in fact a self operating
pump The accompanying draft pre
sents it as it may now be seen at the
smithy of the carriage works in Ha-
SELF OPERATIIfG CHAIX PUMP
gerstown where for some time it has
been building and now stands
The drive wheel A is eight feet in
diameter and rests on ball bearings
Its rim is a metal trough six inches
wide and four inches deep with metal
strips indicated by dotted lines a a
etc so placed as to form pockets or
brackets every four inches On this
same axle are two more Wheels B and
E B is an eighteen inch cog wheel
which by a cog chain is conected with
a five inch wheel C on the upper axle
On the same axle with C and propelled
by it is the chain wheel D which is
just the same as is seen on all chain
pumps for the purpose of drawing the
rubber buckets or sucks
The pumpstock c is just an ordinary
two inch tube which reaches to the top
of the drive wheel and empties the
water into its bucketed rim The
weight of the water in the rim turns
the drive wheel and so puts the ma
chine In motion and as it reaches the
bottom empties into a trough placed
for that purpose This trough F is
sectioned four fifths being on one side
of the division and one fifth on the
other The water caught In the small
er section is for use that in the larger
section or four fifths of the water
pumped is bj a neat device emptied
into a chain of buckets which hang on
wheel E Of course these full of water
will cause it to turn with a pour equal
to the weight of four fifths of the water
pumped Ench bucket as it reaches the
bottom of the well inverts and comes
up empty As wheel E is fast on the
axle of the drive wheel this extra
weight adds power
Cigarettes Known to the Aztecs
Civilization should hold the aborig
inal Aztec accountable for tlie baleful
THE TOMBS
For Over Half a Century Connected
with the Crimes of New York
The most famous prison in the Uni
ted States is the Tombs of New York
which is now being demolished to make
room for a more commodious structure
The building which was constructed of
gray granite was erected between 1833
and 1828 being completed in the latter
year It lias housed during its less
than three score years of existence half
a million prisoners some famous or
Infamous in the history of crime other
unfortunates who were glad to be con
fined there during the winter months
regaining their freedom in the spring
Before the passage of the law fixing
electrocution as the official means of
ending forfeited lives in the State
there were many executions in the
Tombs All told there were sixty
hangings Among the inmates of the
Tombs who suffered the extreme pen
alty of the law within its walls was
Capt Nathaniel Gordon the slave
trader Gordon sailed from Havana
in the summer of 1SG0 in the ship Erie
bound for the west coast of Africa and
was captured on his return voyage
with nearly 000 negroes packed in the
hold by the United States cruiser
Monongahela in which he and his
mates were brought prisoners to New
York and after a short detention in
the Bldridge street jail were transf er
red for safekeeping until trial to the
Tombs
After two trials he was convicted and
THE TOMBS NEW YORKS FAMOUS PRISON
influences of the cigarette declared
Ramon G Garcia of the City of Mexi
co who is stopping at the St Nicho
las It is wrong to attribute the ori
gin of the cigarette to the Spaniards
I have given the matter a good deal of
investigation and I have established
beyond doubt that the Spaniards first
got a whiff of the cigarette when they
invaded Mexico under Ccrtez The Az
tecs then used tobacco in no other
form and the Spaniards learned from
them how to roll the little package into
smokable shape They Introduced the
cigarette into Europe and by that
route it found its way into America
though it was nearly 200 years reach
ing here The Aztecs were also using
cocoa and its product chocolate when
Cortez conquered them and It was not
long till the whole of Europe was eat
ing the various preparations of this
bean When the Spaniards first tasted
they named it thoebromus from the
Greek words meaning food of the
gods St Louis Republic
An Old Saying
Robbing Peter to pay Paul is said
to have originated in an act of the
Church Government of England in
1550 At that time the Cathedral of
St Paul in London being out of re
pair and no funds available a portion
of the income of Westminster which
was consecrated to St Peter was di
verted to the repair of St Pauls
sentenced to be hanged In the court
yard of the prison on February 21
1862 On the day before the execution
he attempted suicide by poison but
was resuscitated At the last moment
he broke down utterly and it was only
by the administration of stimulants
that he was enabled to walk supported
to the scaffold where he was hanged
surrounded by a strong guard of
ted States marines
At one time three men were hanged
In the Tombs at the same time and at
another four Suicide has also been-
frequent among men condemned to
death but of recent years owing to
the isolation of such prisoners and thei
strict watch kept on them few at-
tempts at self destruction had been
successful
Zebras for Farm Work
On several South African farms ex
periments have been tried with zebras
They become as tame as ponies audr
are readily broken in for draught
work The object of their tamers has
been to breed a mule which like the
zebra is proof against the tsetse tiy
The zebras themselves will run well
enough in a mule team though they
cannot stand overdrivimr
The Use of JJatebes
An average of eight matches for each
man woman and child is used inthei
United States daily
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