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REPUBLICAN GLOOM
At the very outset of the McKinley
administration the Republicans who
understand the signs of the times are
despondent for they see quite clearly
that hundreds of thousands of those
who voted their party ticket four short
months ago are already convinced that
they were deceived and that never be
fore has the tide of popular opinion
turned so quickly against the victors
in a political contest as it has since last
New Years day There are dozens of
Republican Senators and Representa
tives in Washington to day who feel
certain that if the election of last No
vember were to be held over again now
the result would be different The only
consolation that those on the winning
side can liud is that the people cannot
turn them out by to morrow
Not within the memory of the pres
ent generation has a party assumed
power in this country under such dis
couraging circumstances as the Re
publican party is doing now and this
in spite of what was claimed at the be
gftniing of winter as the most magnifl
ceffl victory ever achieved in a free
nation There is none of the enthu
siasm among the masses that was both
predicted and expected and there is
scarcely any of that hopeful feeling
that the promises of the campaign will
be realized and that the man who is
now President is really the advance
agent of prosperity On the contrary
the suspicion is already widespread
and is growing in strength every day
that he is merely the weak represen
tative of a gang of corporation sharp
ers
Those Democrats who were led away
from their old party affiliations know
now since McKinley spoke his piece
from the gaily draped stand at the
- v Capitol that their one idea of sound
money has no place of honor reserved
for it in the Presidents mind He has
proven that their hobby never received
serious consideration and that while
he may feel sorry for them for being
duped so easily by his partners he is
not going to pay further attention to
them In fact like the ordinary vend
er of a gold brick he wants to create
the impression that he never had any
dealings with them
McKinleys Financial Utterances
McKinleys inaugural utterances on
pretty much everything excepting the
need of re enacting his tariff for mon
opolists only are oracularly indefi
nite and in many cases even confusing
and contradictory thereby confirming
the opinion of those who regard him as
a man lacking that breadth of mind
ami wide information -which should
rJr iftlCterize the occupant of the
r iaennai cnair
w
It is impossible for instance to get
any clear idea of his meaning when he
says in regard to the money of the
country that it is all good now but
that it should be put on an enduring
basis not subject to easy attack nor its
stability to doubt or dispute How
can it be all good as he says it is
if it is not on an enduring basis and is
subject to easy attack Does he know
what he means
Then he says that the several forms
of our paper money offer a constant
embarrassment to the Government
and a safe balance in the treasury
In this last part of the sentence he
probauly means that it is a danger to
a safe balance in the treasury but
why should it be so if it is all good
He talks of getting rid of the gold re
serve in the treasury and yet he de
clares that until the advent of interna
tional bimetallism the value of the
silver coined and of that which may
herafter be coined must be constantly
4 par with gold by every resource at
our command and that the credit of
the Government the integrity of its
currency and the inviolability of its
obligations must be preserved
Here is a declaration that he is in
favor of redeeming the Governments
obligations of all sorts in gold of keep
ing on a par with gold and at the same
time in favor of doing away with the
gold reserve Even the former spook
advisers of Lyman J Gnge the nation
al banker whom McKinley has put in
charge of the Treasury Department
could not put forth a worse hodge
podge than this
Whether McKinley is for the bank
ers plan of converting the non-interest-bearing
greenbacks into interest-bearing
Government bonds and turning the
entire business of issuing paper money
over to the national banks does not ap
pear and it is extremely doubtful
whether he has any opinion on the sub
ject He seems indeed to be a tariff
monomaniac New York News
Bryans View
His the Presidents promise to en
deavor constantly to secure interna
tional bimetallism is a rebuke to those
who think that the gold standard
should be maintained because of its
merits The system which is so bad
as to justify an early and earnest at
tempt to get rid of it cannot be defend
ed But his declaration that bad as
it is it must be endured until help
comes from abroad will be discourag
ing to those who have ceased to ex
pect that international co operation
can be secured through persuasion
William J Bryan in New York Jour
nal
Privilege Inimical to Prosperity
What the country needs and must
have is general prosperity and not a
specific thrift for the few to the
of The many All men and all
corporations who Invest their money
in legitimate enterprises for industrial
purposes are entitled to fair and rea
sonable profit on their investments but
no man or set of men should be per
mitted to use the legislative and execu
tive departments of the Government
for their specific benefit Dubuque
Times
The Fifty Fifth Congress
The present United States Senat
consists of 90 members and of these
4S are classed as Republicans on all
questions but that of the free and un
limited coinage of silver 37 as Demo
crats and 7 as Populists There is con
sequently a clear majority of Republi
cans on all ordinary political issues
and that party cannot shirk any re
sponsibility for the management of the
countrys affairs for the next two years
at least as they have a clear majority
in the House of Representatives of at
least fifty over the combined opposi
tion of Democrats Populists and Fu
sionists
In the Senate the straight out Re
publicans number 42 while there are
six classed as Silver Republicans The
Democrats who stand squarely on the
uaiional platform of the party aC ptod
at Chicago last year muster 29 in the
same body the other 6 being classed
as in favor of gold and against the free
coinage of silver at the declared ratio
of 1G to 1 The 7 Populist Senators are
of course silverites so that on the sil
ver issue the Senate stands For free
coinage Democrats 29 Populists 7
Republicans 6 total 42 Against free
coinage Republicans 42 Gold Demo
crats 6 total 48
The Silver Republicans and Goia
Den ocrats in the Senate just balance
each other and the dominant party
can therefore always muster a major
ity whether the question to be voted on
is a purely party one or a financial one
The House of Representatives which
is classified as consisting of 204 Re
publicans 122 Democrats and 30 Pop
ulists Fusionists and Silver party
men with a vacancy from one of the
Missouri districts Even if all the
Populists Fusionists and Silverites
were to combine with the Democrats
and vote against the Republicans the
latter would still be in a large major
ity
The Republicans must while the Fifty-fifth
Congress lasts be held respon
sible for all the legislation enacted
They have no excuse for shirking any
of it
McKinley and the Civil Service
The great questions agitating tne
mind of the average Republican politi
cian at the present time is whether
McKinley will enforce the civil service
law or not If he does the pickings
will be unpleasantly restricted An
appreciation of this fact was recently
manifested in Congress when a general
assault on the civil service policy was
made Mr McKinley is on record as
an adherent of the civil service theory
Indianapolis Sentinel
Too Much Like a Coronation
To sensible Americans the gorgeous
military and civic pageant attending
the inauguration of President McKin
ley arouses feelings of regret and de
preciation rather than admiration and
enthusiasm It indicates an unhealthy
drift from the democratic simplicity
which was the characteristic feature of
our republican institutions and the out
ward expression of a fundamental prin
ciple of free government St Louis
Republic
Dont Forsret This
In the midst of all this triumph or
one party and this elevation of its
chosen leader it is curious to remem
ber how narrow was McKinleys ma
jority over Bryan A change in the
votes of twenty thousand citizens
would have put the Democratic candi
date where the Republican is to day
and changed the whole course of the
history of this continent No man
should forget that New York News
Exchanjje Comment
Somehow or other Marcus A Hanna
has a grip on the neck of the new ad
ministration that means submission or
protruding tongues aaid purple counte
nances Yincennes Ind Sun
Under the new tariff foreigners wi
get American articles cheaper while
American consumers will have to pay
higher prices The American consum
er will have no friends in the new ad
ministration St Louis Post Dispatch
There are still a good many Repub
licans wno like Grosvenor cannot un
derstand why Democrats should be al
lowed to bold office under a Republican
administration and they promise to
make life pretty uncomfortable to Ma
jor McKinley when the flowers of
spring begin to bloom Philadelphia
Bulletin
The suggestion of a mugwump organ
that Vice President Hobart should re
form the United States Senate is im
practicable Mr Hobart will be too
busy taking care of his coal trust If
ii has any desire to reform things he
van begin at home where his efforts
will be less dangerous and more effect
ive Kansas City Times
In the recent investigations of the
coal trust it was admitted that the price
per ton had been advanced 1 but with
out any increase of pay to the miners
The increase in price was accomplish
ed by four successive advances of 25
cents each in order to obtain a fair
remuneration in which nobody shared
but the trust St Louis Globe-Demo
crat
I
EDUCATIONALCOLUMN
NOTES ABOUT SCHOOLS AND
THEIR MANAGEMENT
President Gilman of John Hopkins
University on Duties of the Schools
Hints on Teaching Geography
Cheap School Lunches
Duties of the Schools
In a recent number of the Independ
ent President Gilman of Johns Ilap
kins University has a paper on the
public schools Among other signs of
the times President Gilman notes a
tendency to select fewer teachers for
the common schools from young col
lege graduates He does not lament
this fact but urges the filling of school
boards with these graduates and their
association with the parents and older
people so that their desire for too radi
cal reforms may be balanced School
boards must be cleared of influence if
the future of the children is the end
the schools have in view It should be
an impossible thing for a trustee to be
put in or ousted from a position by po
litical or ecclesiastical influence
The kindergarten has Dr Gilmans
endorsement though perhaps there is
too much paraphernalia in every day
use The aim of the kindergarten
should be the formation of habits of
truth attention neatness courtesy
and reverence And this should be
brought about by pleasant processes
Dr Gilman urges preparation for
practical life for public school chil
dren who will not take higher courses
The eye and hand training should be
thorough and while drawing is of
great value more than drawing is
needed The observation of nature
should be cultivated and practical em
ployment provided
From the needle to the pencil from
the knife to the box of tools is an easy
graduation everywhere possible and
every young person should be carried
through at least three stages of handi
craft Look do think and re
member are four lessons that ought
to be enjoined upon every scholar ev
ery day through the period of adoles
cence
As regards religious instruction
President Gilman suggested that the
term Godless schools is made possi
ble by religious people who are afraid
of the introduction of religious instruc
tion which does not quite meet their
own views The essential points in re
ligion should be impressed upon every
child A book of selections from the
Scriptures might be made which could
be indorsed alike by Protestant and
Roman Catholic Meantime teachers
must teach ethics by precept and ex
ample
Every child should be trained for the
duties of the citizen and his patriotism
should be so pure and high as to lift
him beyond temptation from bribery
School Journal
Stick Layinsr
Sticks for the laying of figures is
one of the richest and most fascinating
of Froebels gifts to children and may
be made the basis for drawing arith
metic and geometry all without the
children knowing that they are doing
anything but play
The sticks may be had in various
lengths also in colors I bought a bun
dle of 500 thirteen inches long for 50
cents and cut them inyself the desired
lengths I have found three inches a
convenient length
Place a pile upon the table or in a
box or pass them to the children tell
ing them to take one Let them exam
ine it and say what it looks like to
them To inspire respect for the mate
rial have a little talk about its form
and length of what made and the
amount of work necessary to prepare
from a big tree this little stick
Teach position first by imitation
then call for the different positions
until vertical horizontal and oblique
are as familiar as are the terms stand
ing lying and leaning Reproduce by
drawing on slates and on the board
Next take two sticks children de
ciding how many and combine the po
sitions to various figures which the
children will name according to their
fancy
When by imitation and invention
combinations with two are exhaust
ed they may be taught the terms right
acute and obtuse angles reproducing
these and all the forms by drawing
As the number of sticks used increas
es the variety of objects which the
children will form are almost endless
After being started on the way they
inay be left to themselves if only the
teacher shows an interest in their work
by an occasional suggestion or wod of
encouragement Being perfectly iioise
less this material may be used In large
classes without annoyance Helen L
Lewis in Intelligence
School Lunchep
In the public schools in Boston 1G00
scholars are daily provided with hot
lunches The food is prepared at a
central kitchen whence it is distribut
ed by expresses to the various schools
This system is found to be entirely sat
isfactory The variety of food is quite
large and the prices very moderate
For 5 cents a choice of dishes is offer
ed while for 10 the sum of all local epi
cureanism may be reached
Hints for Teachincr Geography
In the study of some of the rivers
history will Drove an important help
It is not enough to know where a river
rises and that it flows in a southerly
and then southeasterly direction con
tinues in a southwesterly course and
so on until it empties into such and
such a body of water In studying
about the Mississippi River for in
stance much would be gained by the
scholars learning of the fearful suffer
ing caused by the rivers overflowing
its banks Explain the cause of the
delta and the meaning of the word
Let the class learn something of the
j battles that have taken place on or
near the banks of the river If the im
portant cities along the river have al
ready been studied review them and
fix them in the pupils mind in connec
tion with the river We have in Amer
ica a great field for this work Very
many of our rivers have interesting
facts connected with them as the com
ing of the early settlers or the found
ing of towns or the battles fought in
their vicinity or other interesting his
torical facts Exchange
Lakeside Definition
Miss Tremont It is your Chicagoans
ignorance of English that is so distress
ing to me Now if a man moved from
Chicago to Boston would you call him
an emigrant or an Immigrant
Miss Wabash I would call him an
idiot Chicago Dispatch
Notes
West Gardner Me has a school
house 104 years old which is still in
use
Boston wants a new girls Latin
school and asks for an appropriation
of 175000 for such a building
San Francisco is about to build a new
high school which is to be one of the
finest school buildings in the Stae
Scholarships and bursaries aggre
gating over 10000 have just neen
awarded for the session at the Glasgow
University
Many State Teachers Associations
have lately passed resolutions to fight
vigorously the cigarette habit in the
schools and to try to secure effective
legislation on this question
At Perry O T a school house built
of sod collapsed and twenty five school
children were entombed for some time
Several children will die from injuries
and Miss Jennie Jones the teacher is
in a critical condition
The college Greek letter fraternities
in the United States have a member
ship of 100000 with about G50 active
and 350 inactive chapters They own
seventy houses or halls in various col
lege towns and cities
The annual report of Capt Prat of
the Carlisle Indian Training School
shows that last year there were 898
pupils at the institution representing
sixty one different tribes Over 500
pupils worked upon farms during the
summer and earned 19328
A Telephone Paper
Pesth in Hungary has a telephone
newspaper the only one of the kind in
the world
It is valuable to persons who are un
able or too lazy to use their eyes or
who cannot read It has six thousand
subscribers who receive the news as
they would ordinary telephone mes
sages Z v
A special wire one hundred and sixty-eight
miles long runs along the win
dows of the houses of subscribers
which are connected with the main
line by separate wires and special ap
paratus which prevents the blocking
of the system by an accident at one of
the stations
Within the houses long flexible
wires make is possible to cany the re
ceiver to the bed or any other part of
the room
The news is not delivered as it hap
pens to come in but is carefully edited
and arranged according to a printed
schedule so that a subscriber at any
time knows what part of the paper he
is going to hear
The staff is organized like that of
any other newspaper
After the copy has passed througn
the hands of the editor who is liable
for its communications it is given to
the speakers ten men with strong
voices and clear enunciation who work
in shifts of two at a time and talk the
news through a telephone
There are twenty eight editions ut
tered a day Additions to the first edi
tion are announced as news items
To fill up the time when no news is
coming in the subscribers are enter
tained with vocal and instrumental
concerts the wire being in communica
tion with the churches opera house
and music halls This unique news
paper has been in existence two years
When the Arab Is DiBfjusted
Folk that live in ibig towns must of
ten be surprised at the horror their
country cousins express at the impure
air the city dwellers breathe This is
of course in both cases due to habit
The city man only notices that the air
is bad when it is worse than usual the
countryman accustomed to the pure
healthy air of his ordinary surround
ings finds tflie air of the town always
more or less bad Thus it is that the
Arab the child of the desert wears a
worried look when he enters a large
town Then he stuffs his nostrils witih
cotton or shelters his nose behind a
cloth and if obliged to remain over
night would rather not sleep indoors
But most lowns are hardly so bad in
any case as the towns an Arab would
be likelv to visit
Mouth Marvels
The largest mouth proportioned to
the size of the animal is that of the
frog The mouth of the leech is a pow
erful sucker which will sustain many
times its weight The tongue of the
toad and frog is prehensile By means
of it these animals seize and hold their
prey The mouth of the lobster is small
and he must tear his food to pieces
with his claws before he can devour it
The mouth of the octopus is in the cen
ter of his body and is provided with a
beak closely resembling that of a par
rot The teeth of fish like teeth of
most animals are not fastened to the
bone but are held in sockets
Water Lilies
The water lily is largely used in some
parts of India as food The fruit of
some species that grow plentifully In
the lakes of Cashmere is rich in starch
and lias much the flavor of a chestnut
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Oxycen in Surjrery
Remarkable results are reported to
have been obtained in England by
treating wounds with oxygen gas Two
kinds of micro organisms are found in
wounds one kind being beneficent and
the other injurious in its effects Oxy
gen causes an increase of the former
and a decrease of the latter so that
according to a writer in the British
Medical Journal wounds treated with
oxygen heal more rapidly and with less
pain than by any other form of treat
ment
The Earliest Men
Dr Ranke of the German Anthrop
ological Society recently undertook to
describe the physical characteristics of
the earliest men as ascertained from
the examination of prehistoric graves
They were of a yellowish color he
said and had coarse hair Their heads
were peculiarly shaped the part of the
skull which contains the brain being
large relatively to the face while the
face was small They had other pecu
liarities among which was the rudi
mentary or undeveloped condition of
the third molar or back grinder tooth
The Doctor believes that the first men
originated in Asia
Strawberries as Food
In an address on Horticulture and
Health before the American Associa
tion for the Advancement of Science
Prof W R Lazenby discussed the nu
tritive value of various fruits and
showed that an average man who
should undertake to live on strawber
ries alone would have to consume
eighty eight pounds of them in a day
in order to obtain a sufficient quantity
of one of the most important elements
of food protein But while he was get
ting the proper amount of protein from
the strawberries they would give him
seven times too much of another neces
sary compound namely carbohydrates
Forty four pounds of tomatoes a day
would supply nearly the right quantity
and proportion of protein carbohy
drates and fat the three most essential
constituents of food The chief value
of fruit consists in its acids which are
important to health
FtranireTbinjrs on Mars
The planet Mars has recently Decem
ber 11 been again in apposition to the
sun and consequently favorably situ
ated for telescopic observation In
fact astronomers have been studying it
for some months as it approached appo
sition and have once more discerned
those curious lines on its surface called
canals Theyhave also seen again the
round or oval spots that appear at
points where many canals meet and to
which Mr Lowell has given the name
of oases One of the latest and most
interesting observations relates to an
oasis called Trivium Charontis On
November 10 this spot at which nine
canals meet was seen at Monsieur
Flammarions observatory near Paris
to be double or cut in two Five days
earlier at the same observatory the
spot had appeared dark broad and
single
The Lost Arts
If Wendell Phillips were living to day
he would find many fresh illustrations
of ancient ingenuity for his celebrated
lecture on the Lost Arts Mrs Le
Plogeon lately showed in Appletons
Popular Science Monthly that the old
Peruvians must have understood the
laws of atmosphereic pressure in order
to construct the very curious jars and
vases that they have left One of these
pieces of pottery was ornamented with
the figures of two monkeys and when
water was poured into or out of the
vessel sounds like the screeching of
monkeys were heard Another similar
vessel had the figure of a bird which
uttered appropriate notes another was
ornamented with a cat which mewed
and another with snakes which hissed
A most ingenious water jar bore the
form of an aged woman upon whose
cheeks tears were seen to trickle while
sobs were heard when water was pour
ed from the jar
Worn by the Sea
Astonishing effects are sometimes
produced by storm billows tearing
away beaches and bluffs on the sea
coast But upon the whole the steady
wearing effect of the ordinary sea
waves striking or sweeping along a
shore line exposed to in driving winds
is even greater although being distrib
uted over a comparatively long interval
of time it attracts less attention Some
statistics recently published show that
on the eastern coast of England be
tween Flamborough HeaJ and Spurn
Head along a distance of hirty or
forty miles the beach lias been retreat
ing before the onslaught of the ocean
for the last thirty seven years at the
average rate of nearly six feet a year
The same publication shows that man
sometimes unintentionally assists the
sea in destroying the bulwarks of the
land This has occurred at the great
chalk cliffs near Dover which have suf
fered from the withdrawal of a part of
the drifting sand accumulating at their
feet and shielding them from the direct
assault of the waves Long piers con
structed at Dover and Folkestone have
diverted the sand and it has been found
necessary to construct heavy sea walls
to protect the cliffs
Freaks of Two Cats
In a Philadelphia store there is a cat
known as Jim The other day a young
woman entered the store for the pur
pose of paying a bill Sh was given
seat on a large settee while the office
boy obtained the receipt Now the
back of this settee rests against a rail
ing which incloses the oflice This rail
ing is very much like a back yard fence
and for that reason Is a favorite place
for Jim He was in this place when the
lady took the seat and he cast admir
ing glances at her She was neatly at
tired in black and had c large stuffed
bird in her hat Everything went well
until Jim spied this bird and with a
jump he was on her hat much to the
alarm and fright of the lady who In
stantly sprang to her feet screaming
loudly Jim was quickly removed but
could not be driven away while the lady
remained in the store The clerks are
going to slve Jim a stuffed bird for a
Christmas present
James Bell also a resident of the
Quaker City owns a pretty maltese cat
whose only fault is kleptomania
Madge is the cats name While Mr
Bell was eating his supper a few even
ings ago he was startled by a funny
noise on the stairs Running in the
direction of the racket he beheld the
thieving cat coming down the stairs
with his gold chain in her mouth while
tlie watch was bumping each step evi
dently much to the delight of the cat
Quickly seizing his timepiece Mr Bell
made a lunge for the cat but Madge
escaped Lately the family had been
at a loss to know what Madge had done
with her kittens Their whereabouts
were discovered by Mr Bell who
found the tiny creatures aozWy nestled
in his new silk hat
A New Way to Clean Carpets
There are some machines so simple
and so useful that seeing them for the
first time an observer wonders why he
did not invent them himself Such is
the pneumatic carpet sweeper which
the Pullman company has recently
adopted In this case curiously enough
no one knows who invented the article
which a New York Journal reporter
found in active operation in the Chi
cago yards
Trainmen were cleaning Pullman
coaches which had just returned from
California Several hundred yards
away from them was the pover house
containing the engine that compresses
air for broom sen ice Through under
ground pipes the compressed air is car
ried to the tracks
Here a rubber hose is attached to tne
connection At the end of the hose is a
hollow iron pipe about as large as a
broom handle The pipe terminates in
a brass fixture a foot In width and hav
ing an opening clear across not more
than one-thirty-second of an inch wide
Through this aperture comes the com
pressed air at the rate of about seventy
five cubic feet a minute
The carpets from the cars are thrown
face up on the platform at the side of
the track and the pneumatic instru
ment is pushed back and forth over the
nap with the brass end immediately
upon the carpet or just above it The
air rushing against the carpet with tre
mendous velocity blows the dust and
dirt out in a cloud like -She smoke from
a locomotive
The rapidity with which the work vs
done is astonishing Enough carpet to
cover an ordinary room is cleaned in
less than five minutes and so thorough i
ly that no more dust could be beaten
out with a stick
For cleaning the upholstery in the
cars a smaller brass nozzle only two
or three inches in width is used but
the operation is otherwise the same
The Death of Willie Lincoln
In the St Nicholas Mrs Julia Taft
Bayne gives an interesting glimpse of
Willie and Tad Lincoln who werei
playmates of her brother Budd Mrs
Bayne gives the following account of
the death of Willie Lincoln On Feb l
Budd had a severe cold and was kept
in for a few days and Tad reported
that Willie had a cold too When
Budd returned from a visit he saidi
Willie is dreadfully sick he talks
about me and the pony all the time
My mother went to inquire and Mrs
Lincoln told her they feared typhoid
fever
Sometimes the President would come
in stand awhile at the foot of the bed
and go out without speaking Once he
laid his arms on Budds neck as he sat
at the bedside and leaning over
smoothed Willies hair
Although on Feb 20 at noon my
mother brought news from the White
House that Willie was better saying
that he had held Budds hand and
knew him Willie died at 5 oclock of
that day Tad was overcome with
grief and was ill for some time
A Tough Mushroom
While traveling in Switzerland the
elder Dumas one day arrived in a lone
ly village with only one inn at which
the famous novelist was compelled to
put up for the night
When the landlord who only spoke
German came to inquire what he
would take for supper Dumas tried
but in vain to make him understand
that he wanted some mushrooms andr
was on the point of giving up with a
bad grace all hope of enjoying his
dish when he hit upon the idea
of taking a piece of charcoal and trac
ing on the wall what purported to be
the correct outline of a mushroom
The landlord went out and Dumas
was congratulating himself on the suc
cess of his happy expedient when a
few moments afterward he heard the
Swiss coming up the stairs The mush
rooms could hardly have been prepared
in so short a time but this thought did1
not occur to our great novelist
The footsteps came nearer there was
a knock and in walked the landlord
with an umbrella Boston Traveler
A man cannot depend upon a good
time unless he enjoys hard work
A woman knows as little about a man
as she knows about a horse