u
I I
l
SS53SS2 jCS
Conjxressional Extravagance
When Speaker Reed a few years ago
framed his fellow Republicans that it
would prove a dangerous thing from a
party standpoint for them to furnish
the country with the spectacle of a
billion dollar Congress they paid but
Kttle attention to him and what he
foresaw did happen There was a po
litical overturning which completely
staggered them and lost them control
of the Government for four years
The country has now had another
Republican Congress for two straight
years and It is a billion dollar one be
yond question When Mr Reed gave
his former warning there was only a
possibility of a billion dollar Congress
rhevmost conservative estimate of the
cost of the present one to the people is
forty five millions more than the bil
lion which the then Czar of the House
himself considered the height of ex
travagance
Despite the desperate condition of the
Treasury as well as of the country at
aige every appropriation bill reported
o the House during the present session
aas been larger than the similar bill of
he preceding session Thus the pace
s set iu extravagance for the next Con
gress which will have a Republican
President who is sure not to set his
face in favor of that economy which is
ontrary to the traditions of his party
The Four Burden Bearers
Food fuel clothing and shelter are
the four essentials Of existence in our
climate The Dingley bill as drafted
puts nearly the whole burden of taxa
tion upon these prime necessaries The
so called farmers schedule taxes every
article of food for man or beast thai
may seek access to our market to sup
ply local or temporary deficiencies
lWWWWWMtFiJl
-ST
i lifa
inV n
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A LOGICAL SITUATION
Expecting the Republican party to
take any decisive action against the
monopolies and trusts is like expecting
a cat to drown her own kittens and
those who still have a lingering belief
that the Lexow investigation will
amount to anything or who hope that
the McKinley administration will do
something of consequence for the relief
of the people are sure to be disap
pointed and undeceived
Monopolies trusts and combinations
of all sorts formed to enable the few to
enrich themselves -at the expense of the
many are the offspring of the Republi
can system of alleged protection of
which we are sure to have another ex
ample in the Tariff bill for the passing
of which Congress wjll be called in
extra session after McKinley has been
inaugurated They are the result of
government partnership with individ
uals and classes wherein the former are
put in the possession of millions that
make it possible for them to contribute
liberally to campaign funds and to buy
up Presidencies and Legislatures that
may help and protect them in their
raids on the pockets of the masses
The Republican party to day is the
champion of those who have already
made vast fortunes with the aid of the
Government and who want to add to
them as well as to put their friends
and relatives into good things It
could-not-do otherwise than favor the
trusts the monopolistic manufacturers
the favored national bankers or -any
of the other big fry wiid fatten onthe
masses To tliinfc Tora nfOmentthat
its most conspicuous representative
McKinley will try to cut loose from
them and select anybody for his cabi
net who is not entirely satisfactory to
them is merely to blind oneself to the
logic of the situation
The money making combinations will
be intrenched in all governmental
places of power so long as the Repub
lican party remains triumphant That
much is certain and rife people now
realize itT New York News
Alger
A thick and thin Republican -organ
declares The selection of Gen Alger
is objected to but the objections are
based on stories and rumors whieliT
were exploded long ago The critics
know that yet so unconquerable Is
thejr propensityfpr f aujfindhig that
they cannot refrain from condemning
a selection with which people are gen
erally satisfied h
Does not this beg the question What
information fias the organ that there
is satisfaction with theappqinimeiit oC
Alger As for the objections is it true
that they were based v on stpries and
rumors which were exploded long ago 5
Let us see
1 Gen Crstcrand Gen SheriJan rec
ommended the dismissal from the ariny
Alger because he absented
himself without leave -which was
-equivalent in an active eaihpaign as
allolU soldiers know to desertion in
thefaoe of the enemy Is the story ex
ploded The story is part of the mili
tary records of the United States
2 Criticism of Alger as a business
man is based upon a decision of the
Supreme Court of Michigan The re
port is published It is part of the rec
ords of that tribunal It cannot be ex-
ploded or effaced It stands confront
ing Gen Alger and condemns him
3 John Shermans condemnation of
Alger as a man who improperly used
money to further his ambition to be
nominated President of the United
States stands in his printed memoirs
It is not -exploded
The selection of Gen Alger for the
position of Secretary of War is not
merely mistaken unfortunate unde
sirable It is a moral calamity Chi
cago Chronicle
Bounties for campaign contributors
protection for trusts and the whole bur
den of federal taxation put upon con
sumption the food fuel clothing and
shelter of the people this is the pro
gram The advance agent of prosper
ity proves to be the arrived agent of
injustice New York World
Effect of Free Wool
Some months ago the wool growers
of this country were at great pains to
show the enormous increase of the im
ports of raw wool since it had been
put on the free list under the Wilson
bill Perhaps it did not occur -to every
body that if the imports of wool had
increased there must be a correspond
ing decrease in the amount of imports
of woolen goods The Wool Manufac
turers Association has recently fur
nished the following figures on this
point The imports were
Eleven Eleven
months 1893 months 1893
Cloth 28511581 13677057
Dress goods 20G34S55 12302279
This shows that the manufacturers
of this country have been able with
free wool to sell in this country some
1S000000 worth of woolen goods in
one year which under the McKinley
tariff bill would have been imported
Edwin Brainard iu Chicago Chronicle
Hichly Paid Lnhor the Best
Americans can manufacture iron
more cheaply thau Englishmen while
paying much higher wages to labor
but Jt has been conclusively demon
strated that the best paid labor is the
cheapest England pays better wages
than are paid on the continent of Eu
rope but in spite of that she has been
able to t maintain her- supremacy be
cause she gets more service for a given
amount -of money The same is true
of labor in the United States It is bet
ter paid than that of England but in
return it renders better service and is
more efficient Pittsburg Times
Protection Another Name for Kobbery
V Ttie present tariff Taw has been the
best protector of American industries
ever devised in this country for it has
enabled Americans to sell more goods
and product abroad than ever before
but this is not what the millionaire
manufacturers want What they actu
ally mean by protection is a measure
that will so choke off foreign competi
tion that they can sell their goods to
their own people at two or three times
their value Memphis Commercial-Appeal
f
If
Much
Chairman Dingier caifdevisp a
bill that will collect 50000000 a year
from the taxpayers without their
knowledge or consent he -will meet a
long felt want Another way which is
received with jeers by politicians and
cheers by the people would be to re
duce expenses 50000000 a year but
of course this is asking too much and
we hope the politicians will pardon us
-for ever hinting at such a revolution
ary idea Louisville Post
Fresh Burdens for the Farmer
The Republicans are doing their best
as far as can be judged to evade the
responsibility they sued for Instead
of trying to remedy the constant and
growing losses of the farmers the Re
publicans are -actually engaged in pre
paring1 to legislate higher prices on the
goods which the farmer has to buy and
which for lack of money he cannot
buy even at present prices Atlanta
Constitution
Bosses of New York State
Republican rule in New York stands
to day for Tlatt and Payne two men
whose theories of political purpose and
political methods are utterly corrupt
two men who represent what is worst
and lowest in modern political life tvo
men neither of whom would dare sub
mit his cause to the people knowing
that it would be buried under an over
whelming adverse vote St Paul
Globe
Insist on Robbine the People
To day when you could count on the
fingers of one hand all the industries
of the United States that could not
compete on equal terms with the prod
ucts of like industries in any other
country in the world we find that so
far from gradually diminished duties
a special session of Congress is to be
called to restore them to the highest
point ever known St Paul Globe
Political Pointers
In the meantime nobody has recently
mentioned Benjamin Harrison for
merly well known in the American re
public for a place in the cabinet
InMexico if an advance agent mis
represent bis show he is sent to jail If
Hanna lived in Mexico he would have
to secure a pardon before running for
Senator
You are our kind of people Ma a
den and we are sorry you lost but
well do a whole lot of die kind of work
you were expected to do T Cute Piatt
and M Slippery Quay
The Ohio wolves want the govern
ment to prohibit the entrance of for
eign wool into this country Perhaps
one of the vultures will explain how
this will increase our revenues
The old McKinley tariff has been put
back upon lumber so far as the recom
mendation of the ways and means com
mittee is concerned The consumer of
lumber the house builder will soon
find out how much more expensive it
is to rear a dwelling under high pro
tection than it has been under a mod
erate tariff
-
NOTES ABOUT SCHOOLS AND
THEIR MANAGEMENT
Much Depends on the Arrangement
of the Routine Work of the School
room Singing jn Primary Classes
How to Read for Profit
Hints on School Discipline
The routine work of the schoolroom
should be so arranged as to prevent
friction and disorder thus avoiding
the necessity of reproof or punishment
and leaving the time free for study in
struction and recitation Lessons
should be given in the first days of the
term to teach the pupils how to move
together to come and go to and from
the recitation to stand and to work at
the board to go out and in at recess
This prearranged order of movement
will prevent collision and disturbance
Iu the first exercises when the pupils
are practicing the movements the di
rections should be definitely and quiet
ly given After the children have be
come accustomed to the order of move
ment a signal may be substituted for
the complete direction This should be
slight and quiet Noiseloes not com
mand attention Let the voice be low
clear and decisive impelling quiet
thoughtful attention to the exercise
All directions whether by word or sig
nal should be followed by every pupil
The school should move as a unit Re
iteration of commands makes them
meaningless
Many occasions of disorder in the
schoolroom would be prevented by a
right apportionment of lessons adapt
ed to the capacity of the children and
varied from day to day so as to secure
interest The mischief found for idle
hands to do can be banished by work
alone Careful preparation of the
days lessons beforehand makes the
teacher ready with task material and
directions Each pupil knows just what
to do when to do it and how The
need of questions andComment is obvi
ated by the concise directions Pupils
can be trained to distribute pens pen
cils papers etc quietly and expedi
tiously in some definite order thus re
lieving the teacher for more important
work and creating in them the spirit
of helpfulness
The teachers preparation for the
teaching exercise or recitation enables
her to present her subject in a manner
interesting to the pupils to illustrate
vividly and to be free from all need of
reference to the book Thus she can
hold the attention of the pupils
Beyond the careful preparation for
her lessons and the details of the school
room work the teacher needs sympa
thy with child life and power to put
herself into the childs place Many an
offense against the rules of the school
is committed thoughtlessly yet is treat
ed by the teacher as if it were an act
deliberately intended Such an assump
tion on the part of the teacher leads to
wilful disobedience later for it stirs a
sense of injustice which rankles in the
childs heart long after the teacher has
forgotten the offense She should learn
to judge from the childs standpoint in
order to see both sides and to deal just
ly The wise teacher often shuts her
eyes to misdemeanors which would be
emphasized by open reproof The at
tention of the school is attracted by the
reprimand to faults which otherwise
would never be seen A quiet word to
the offender a look or sign a conversa
tion after school when uobodv else
knows are better than the open correc
tion The teachers manner in neces
sary direction should assume the in
tention to obey not antagonize Her
attitude toward the child does much to
determine his
Rulesofactionshould be decreed only
when occasion demands them The
reason for them will then be apparent
and they will not seem to the pupils
arbitrary exercise of authority Once
made they should be carefully follow
ed Penalties should be in line with the
offense when possible The child who
cannot play with his mates must take
his recess alone The abuse of a privil
ege should be followed by its with
drawal Punishments may and should
be slight but certain The teachers
even and steady persistence in the
course she considers right counts for
more than undue severity Waymarks
for Teachers
Sinking
Among the tried recipes for happi
ness and good work in primary classes
none finds greater favor with me than
singing I wish every teacher of little
ones could thoroughly appreciate the
assistance it affords There is nothing
more refreshing and restful after a
period of steady work than a song The
effect is sometimes magical Pencils
are placed by tired little hands that
look as though they could go no far
ther But look again a minute or two
later Fingers are moving as rapidly as
muscles can make them as the snow
comes falling down so pure and
white The music and motions put
new life into the children
Languor and lassitude fly before a
bright song and often when a spirit of
unrest and disorder seems to possess
the class it disappears entirely when
the regular work is stopped for five
minutes and a song substituted
Chilren love singing There is no
doubt about this and when we add to
that fact the other that it is of the
greatest assistance in preserving good
order we should be convinced of the
desirabiliity of giving it a place in our
program I would have every grade up
to the highest- sing and sing frequent
ly Time is not lost but rather saved
by it Educational Record
Teacher or Drillmaster
There are certain things wliich are
easy of accomplishment in a school
room In over seventy schools that I
have inspected thus far I have not 1
-- r rJSf jj
EDUCATION AJiCOLUHN I STS
rsr w - J j
six or seven rooms
in charge could not
control There is an abundance of poor
teaching and any amount of lack of
teaching The country is full of people
who can control It is also an easy
thing to teach pupils to read in the
sense of recognizing word forms In
the poorest schools are found many pu
pils in the upper rooms who can read
with fluency Teachers with no meth
od or with any one method or with all
methods will teach pupils to read It is
easy to teach grammar to a certain ex
tent By the aid of diagramming and
formal parsing a mechanical proficien
cy may be secured which is closely akin
to intelligence History and geography
too have their easily accessible phases
It is quite as remarkable what children
will absorb mentally It is quite as re
markable what ignorant persons can
do in the way of teaching
On the other hand it is remarkable
how little influence the common school
has on the life of the pupil after he
leaves school I mean in the way of
giving him a predisposition to push any
or all of his studies after his school
days are ended The geographies and
histories and reading books of our com
mon schools have no successors unless
the pupils find them in higher institu
tions of learning Does it not seem fair
to expect that the common school will
make book stores more profitable I
mean real book stores and not paper
covered ones Exchange
Stop the Evil
Should the little folks be required to
prepare lessons for school at home
Emphatically no Six hours mental
application which they get in school
is enough of a demand upon their vital
resources every day A sound mind and
a healthy body are worth infinitely
more to every man and woman than
the knowledge of books and schools
Give the children a chance to play and
romp to laugh and sing to rest and
sleep so that the fatigue and worry
that necessarily settle upon them from
the days work may be thrown off and
their young systems kept fresh and
elastic Do not crush the springs of
young life and make children at seven
and ten talk and act like old people
You have no right to starve their men
tal and moral growth and yet that is
what you are doing when you burden
them with work at night Six hours
study is more than enough for any
child below twelve years of age and to
attempt more than this is taking a
mortgage upon the childs future health
and happiness Let us be content in
such cases with the school and not
seek to do that which will harass the
childs sleep with troubled dreams and
the morbid fancies of an overworked
brain Exchange
How to Read
Read topically read about a period
read about a certain nation Have a
system but dont spend so much time
on the system as not to read at all As
to what to read read relatively little
fiction no matter how good Read what
interests you Read in connection with
your business Be sure to read at least
one great and good book each year
Have books but do not buy a whole li
brary at once Buy the books you want
Let your library grow up around you
No one can afford not to buy books
When a man gets where he wants no
more books he is dead and only awaits
burying The envelope sj stem of secur
ing and classifying the results of ones
reading is to be commended Have a
series of envelopes Put the topic on
the outside Put a blank piece of paper
in each On this put references to any
work you may have read on the sub
ject Also put newspaper cuttings in
the same envelopes By this means
ones information on any subject can
be massed very quickly Selected
Sleeping on the Stomach
Sound restful sleep both by night
and by day is more easily induced if
from the first the child be taught to lie
on its stomach and face The only nec
essary precaution against suffocation is
the provision of a smooth flat some
what hard hair mattress without a pil
low The advantages of this position
are many Some one has said that half
the diseases of infancy result from
keeping the stomach too cold and the
other half from overheating the spine
By adopting the position suggested as
the uniform one during the hours of
sleep the stomach and abdomen are
kept so warm as to prevent the colic
and stomach ache and materially to aid
the digestive process while the spine
and back of the head are no longer
overheated by the increased tempera
ture of the sleeping child It may be a
coincidence merely but it is at least a
significant one that all the children the
writer has known to rest habitually
face downward have been unusually
sound sleepers and have enjoyed more
than average good health Harpers
Bazar
That Explained It
One of the dispensary doctors it
would not be fair to name him tells
a good story on himself
There was a dispute as to the disease
of which a certain gentleman died
whom he had attended Several medi
cal friends insisted that he had died of
dropsy None of them knew that the
young doctor had attended him and
when he remarked that he knew what
the man died of and insisted that ev
erybody else was wrong one of them
said
How do you know so well what he
died of If you know so well perhaps
you can tell us
I know what he died of because I
attended him was the reply and the
cruel answer came in chorus That
explains why he died St Louis Post
Dispatch
Can Get No Jurymen
It has been discovered in Jamestown
R I that it is impossible to secure a
man there for jury duty as they are
all enrolled in the fire department
fyoe
Farmers ond Good Roads
A review of the proceedings of the
farmers meetings being held this win
ter shows that the tillers of the soil are
taking up the subject of improved high
ways in an earnest and active manner
It can no longer be truthfully said
that the farmers as a class are against
the good roads movement A goodly
majority of them are exerting a strong
influence for the betterment of the pub
lic ways and are laboring with their
less informed neighbors to try and
make them view the subject in the same
light
The result of the campaign of edu
cation that is being carried on this win
ter will become happily apparent in the
superior amount and kind of road im
provement that will be undertaken in a
great many localities when spring ar
rives
From State legislatures to the im
promptu gatherings about the store
stove at the corner grocery the sub
ject of better roads is being dwelt up
on Luckily it is a question the discus
sion of which means that eventually
it will be answered in the proper way
Wheelmen in every locality should
keep the matter before the public for
consideration The present year should
bring large results in road and street
improvement L A W Bulletin
Convict Work on Roads
The Chicago Times Herald says ed
itorially The anti convict labor
bill drafted by the confer
ence of manufacturers and trades
unionists at the Sherman House
is patterned after the New York law
which has just gone into effective opera
tion but it is an improvement upon it
in that it provides against the evil ef
fects that would result from enforced
idleness in the penitentiaries The bill
that will be introduced in the Illinois
Assembly provides that no convicts
shall be allowed to work at any trade
or industry wherein his work shall be
contracted to any person or firm or
wherein the product of his work shall
oe soia to any person or association
The bill limits the articles that may be
manufactured to those that are used in
the State institutions and are not manu
factured in the institutions It also pro
vides that the prisoners may be used
by the State for the building of public
highways roads canals and other pub
lic improvements that would not be un
dertaken unless the labor of convicts
was available
The New York law provided for the
appointment of a prison commission
the duty of which was to ascertain
what employment could be devised for
convicts that would not bring them into
competition with free labor After a
thorough investigation the commission
reported against the use of machinery
in the prisons and against the manu
facture of articles needed in the other
State instituions It was found that the
inmates of the institutions for the in
sane were able to make all the articles
they needed and that this employment
was a necessary adjunct to the remedial
agencies employed for their cure
The logical and inevitable conclusion
of every investigation of this kind is a
recommendation that convicts be em
ployed in constructing public highways
The experiment has been deferred from
year to year in the hope that a more
satisfactory solution of the problem
would present itself In the meantime
public sentiment in favor of good roads
has been gathering power The advent
of the wheel and of the wheeling or
ganizations has given the public de
mand for better highways a mighty im
petus The response to this growing
and well nigh imperative demand is cer
tain to ultimately afford the one prac
tical solution to the convict labor prob
lem
The objections to working convicts
on the highways have been largely
sentimental It has been argued that
the sight of prisoners in prison garb
laboring in this manner would have a
deleterious influence upon public mor
als It is difficult to understand how
such an exhibition of industry on the
part of convicts could have a demoral
izing effect upon society So far as the
convicts themselves are concerned it
is the most humane and healthful em
ployment that could be devised provid
ed the conditions under which they
labor are properly regulated by men of
humanitarian instincts
Refuse Oyster Shells
The waters of Maryland produce one
third of the total supply in the world
It yields twice as many of the luscious
bivalves as are grown in all foreign
countries combined During the present
century it lias put on the market
bushels of the toothsome mol
lusks These have sold for the enor
mous sum of 9250000000 Almost all
of this country is dependent for the
abundance and cheapness of this edible
on the supply of the Chesapeake From
here also come very nearly all of the
oysters used for canning In fact the
output of this industry in Maryland Is
equal to one sixth of all the fisheries of
the United States put together
The quantity of 03 ster shells landed
upon the shores of Maryland during the
last century has been reckoned at 12
000000 tons Until very lately the can
ning firms have had much trouble iu
getting rid of the shells having to pay
in fact for the removal of all that they
could not give away Recently how
ever they have been able to sell them
They are now shipped to all parts of
the country and are utilized variously
for roads for lime and employed in
making coal gas They have also been
found to serve ajmost as well as stone
In the manufacture of special grades of
iron for railroad beds Cultivators of
oysters also employ tuenr baying found
that they afford suitable surfaces fu
young oysters to attach themselves to
Tliey are likewise used to some extent
-as chicken food They are vry good
for liens the shells of eggs being large
ly made of them The trade received
23000 in a single year for the empty
shells
Starfishes are the oysters worst ene
my Other animals the young bivalves
have to guard against are crabs and
boring snails They are also in danger
of being stifled by mud Iu Pacific wa
ters stingrays are their most dreaded
foes The little crab that lives in the
shell of the oyster has always excited
much interest It is found in about 3
per cent of the bivalves It is a sort of
parasite of the oyster whose shell pro
tects it and whose feed supports Jr
Philadelphia Times
In the Gas Office
There was a look of joy about hi
face as he went into the gas office that
made the man behind the counter glad
in his soul It was so different from
the expression wliich visitors ordinarily
wore He walked to one window and
then to another and stood around and
smiled
Can we do anything for you the
clerk inquired
Nope Go right ahead with your bus
iness Dont mind me
If you came to get warm the clerk
suggested the heater is over on that
side of the room
I didnt come to get warm
-4
Theres
a genial glow through me that makes
external heat entirely unnecessary I
had a few spare minutes and I came
here to gloat
Over whom was the surprised
query
Over the company
I I must say I dont quite under
stand you
I suppose Id better explain it Its
too good to keep But I get so much
enjoyment out of it that youll have
to excuse me if I tell it slow so as to
make it last longer Your people are
very particular about your meters
Of course We have to be
Youve got it down so you can meas
ure the extra pressure that occurs all
through the city if one of the workmen
happens to cough in your gas factory
We havent got it quite so close ih
that but weve done our best to protect
our interests
Well I had occasion to have a san
itary plumber in my house yesterday
Hes the man that made the discovery
He informed me that there was a whole
lot of sewer gas in my house that you
never discovered You didnt have any
arrangements for measuring it in the
meter and it got clear past you Im
not naturally vindictive but I couldnt
resist the temptation to come around
and tell you about it and make you feel
bad Washington Star -
Not Exactly a Cinch
This is the way a man named Gaines
of St Peter Minn got the better ot2aJ
insurance company Many
Mr Gaines insured his life for 3500
After many years of payment of 90 a
year premium at the age of 70 years he
asked the officers of the company how
much they would pay him to cancel his
policy They offered him 2000 He
refused to take it but made them this
proposition flf you will give me 41 U
a year until death which is S a week
I will cancel the poticy
Agreed said the company which
thought it had a cinch in its favor as
he would not live many years Since
that time he has lived eighteen years
and the company has paid him his
yearly stipulation of 41G which up to
this time has amounted to 748S the
savings of the 90 premium in the eigh
teen years and the interest make it ihe
snug sum of over 18000 that the old
man gained by his bargain Mr Gaines
is well preserved at S8 and bids f vr to
receive many more payments at the
hands of the company which struck a
tough piece of human timber upon
which to base its calculations Chicago
Tribune
Tornado Freats
Near my old home in Marsliall Coun
ty Kansas said Mr G A A Deane
of Little Rock Ark at the Hotel Page
there occurred a cyclone the other day
that performed a queer feat It struck
the house of a former neighbor of mine
and scattered things in various direc
tions A few days later he got a letter
that had been carried by the wind apd
dropped in a small town in Nebraska
miles to the northeast and
not long afterward some considerate
stranger mailed him his cheek book
that had been found away down in Mis
souri 100 miles to the southwest
Now the truth of these statements I
will vouch for as they are made by
one of the most reliable men I ever
lnew Why the two articles should
have been carried in opposite directions
I am unable to explain its too deep
for the unscientific mind and I com
mend it to some of Uncle Sams tornado
experts in Washington Washington
Post
Cycling in Paris
Cycling is increasing rapidly in Paris
The Touring Club de France has been
six years in existence and while in
1S95 it numbered 25000 members it has
increased to 47000 and it is confidently
predicted that before the exhibition is
opened it will attain the high figure of
100000
Horses and Motors
In England it is estimated that the
cost of fodder for a horse traveling
twenty miles a day is twopence per
mile while a motor wagon of two and
a half horse power can be driven the
same distance at the expense of half ai
penny per mile
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