L 13 Vs SOLDIERS AT HOME THEY TELL SOME INTERESTING ANECDOTES OF THE WAR Wow tlt Bert et Beth AratlM Whlled Away Life la Camp Woittgixig Expe rience Tlfetocne filarchafr Thrilling Kcene an the Battlefield After the Battle It was strange and queer to watch the demeanor of men wounded In bat tle writes M Quad You might have stood beside hundreds who were struck down and yet you would not have found two whose actions were exactly alike When hit while standing inac tive most men threw up their hands and cried out and staggered about before falling If hit while the regiment was advancing they fell with curses on their lips and sometimes rose up again and limped painfully after their comrades If reached by a bullet while the com mand was being driven or retreating or changing its position then men walled out like children not so much over the hurt as because they realized that they were to be left on the field to suffer and would be helpless to protect themselves When a regiment was in line waiting to move to the right or the left or be d dvanced the thud of a bullet as it Struck a man could be heard by the men on his right and left If struck In the chest or shoulder or head he fell out of the ranks threw up his hands with a shout and then fell like a log If struck below the breast he nearly al ways lurched forward and placed his hands on the wound and sank down IUILED IN THE CHABGE with a groan The demeanor of no two wounded men was alike in minor par ticulars but strangely alike in the first movements A soldier shot through the head or heart shot dead in his tracks as you might term it was not instantly killed There was no such thing as instant death unless struck with a solid shot or blown to pieces by an exploding shell No matter whether the bullet pierced heart or brain the victim lived on for a few seconds long enough to throw up his hands and call out and clutch at the comrades beside him for jpsupport Few men nreserved silence after be ing hard hit After the first exclama tion they cursed or wept and were not conscious of what they did Each felt that he had been grievously wronged by being shot down Sometimes they cursed first and wept afterwards sometimes wept and sobbed like chil dren from the first moment of feeling pain The cursing and the weeping were the direct result of the nervous system being keyed too high by the excitement of the battle If a wounded man was carried to the rear -he soon got the better of his hysterics and it was the same if left to himself for three or four hours on the field provided the fighting had ceased in his vicinity It was the wounded who lay on the field where the fighting continued who were the most to be pitied They feared to be wounded again or killed outright HE HAD CRAWLED AVTAT TO DIE and their shouts and screams could be heard whenever the roar of battle died away a little Their fears were by no means groundless Bullet and ball and shell and grapeshot were continually falling among them and during the war thousands of soldiers were killed while lying wounded between the lines The burial parties used to find bodies which had been hit from three to ten times and after Grants first battle in the Wilderness we found a Confederate with twenty three bullet wounds in his dead body And there was more than the fear of missiles before the eyes of the wounded men If infantry charged over them they might not suffer but if a battery changed positions or there was a charge of cavalry they might be ground into the earth When in his normal condi tion a cavalry horse will not step on the body of a man lying in his path but when excited to madness by the roar of battle the steeds of war will trample down anything The wounded men ly ing about must take their charges when the bugles blew a charge Some would escape the ironshod hoofs others would be almost beaten into the earth It was the same way if a battery was retired or advanced The change of position was made with horses on the dead run and their riders could take no thought of the dead and wounded lying in the way The fate of a brigade or division or even a wing of the army might be at stake and the sacrifice of a score of men already wounded did not count When the guns were advanced at Chancellorsville to check JacksocC twilight attack the earth was fairly cumbered with the dead and wounded On the few acres of cleared ground over which the guns had to advance were camp fires knapsacks haversacks stacked muskets and several hundred men who had fallen under the volleys poured in from the edge of the forest The guns dashed right into and over this jumble and above the roar of mus ketry from the oncoming Confederates we caught the screams and shrieks of our wounded men as they realized that death was to come under the heavy wheels The burial parties were always push ed for time and yet there was time to look into the faces and observe the atti tudes of the dead and notice that death seldom came to two alike Some suf fered agonies from their wounds oth ers died as peacefully as if no twinge of pain had been felt Some had their lips parted as if praying to God or ut tering farewells to the loved ones at home others had lips compressed and their faces showed grim determination or anger Sometimes a wounded map had crawled away into the bushes or be hind stump or log to die On his bronz ed cheeks partly bleached by the touch of death we would find traces of tears and the hard lines would be softened down When struck down as they mov ed and dying within a few minutes they carried fierce stern faces and clenched hands and nearly always their eyes were wide open and their lips parted to show their teeth If the mus ket had not fallen from their hands under the shock of the missile it was clenched so tightly that their stiffened fingers had to be opened one by one There was no pity for the wounded while the fight was on Now and then it was possible to alleviate thirst or in case of an officer to carry him to the rear but the unwouned had little thought of the fallen It was only when night came down and the roar of battle died out to a growling and sputtering here and there that a new sound rose on the evening air to pale the faces of the veterans lying about with open haversacks It was a sound heard only on a battlefield after a battle It was a sound which began like the far off murmur of a mighty crowd which came nearer and nearer which swelled in volume till it drowned all other sounds which separated itself from the shouts of men neighing of horses peals of bugles and rattle of drums one great overpowering wail from the thousands of wounded men which went right to the heart and caused every man to lift his head and whisper Poor fellows God pity them Bravely Done That is one of the bravest men I ever knew said Gen Rosecrans to James R Gilmore Edmund Kirke as Inspector General Ducat left the room where the two gentlemen were con versing I saw him once continued the General coolly face almost certain death to perform a duty Three men had fallen before Ms eyes and he had to run the gauntlet of a thousand mus kets but he did it Mr Gilmore re lates the circumstances in the Louis ville Courier Journal It was at the battle of luka where Rosecrans with only 2S00 men actually engaged was fighting a Confederate force of 11000 holding a chosen and very strong position Ducat in riding up to the General had observed a regi ment of Gen Stanleys division about to be enveloped and overpowered by a much larger force Ride on and warn Stanley at once said Rosecrans An acre of fire swept with bullets lay between them and the menaced regiment Docat glanced at it and said General I have a wife and children You knew that when you came here said Rosecrans coolly Ill go sir said Ducat moving his horse forward after his momentary hes itation Stay a moment We must make sure of this said Rosecrans He thought a thousand lives of more value than four so hastily writing some dis patches on the pommel of his saddle he gave one to each of three orderlies and sent them off at intervals of about sixty yards over the bullet swept field Then he looked at Ducat who had seen every one of them fall lifeless or desperately wounded Without a word Ducat plunged into the fire and won derful to tell he ran the gauntlet in safety and with his clothes torn by minie balls and Ms horse reeling from a mortal wound he got to Stanley and saved the regiment The orderlies found their graves on that acre of fire Forrests Warfare Twenty seven horses were shot under Lieutenant General N B Forrest who earned the sobriquet of The Wizard of the Saddle during the war and Lieu tenant General Richard Taylor said of him I doubt if any commander since the days of Lion hearted Richard has killed so many of the enemy For rests aphorisms are such as one would expect from such a man War means fighting and fighting means killing he once said On another occasion he declared The way to whip em is to get there first with the most men Once when discussing with a graduate of West Point the question of how to fight cavalry to greatest advantage he remarked I would give more for fif teen minutes of bugle than for three days of tactics A Frenchman claims to have discov ered a method of successfully convert ing petroleum oil into a hard mass which is not explosive and is absolutely smokeless and odorless The inventor states that his new fuel costs about 10 per ton and that one ton equals thirty tons of coal The five nations of Europe own 2310 war ships mounting 88209 guns J all ready for immediate service EDUCATIONALCOLUHN NOTES ABOUT SSHOOLS nd THEIR MANAGEMENT The Pupil Should Be Trained Upon the Line of Thought Getting in the First Header Normal School At tendance in Pennsylvania The First Header Class We talk very much about our chart class we discuss glibly the word method the phonic method the synthetic method and in due time our chart class becomes a first reader class It makes but little difference through which pathway they have been led if the teacher has been earnest conscien tious and thorough in her work Now the pupils not only know many words by sight but have gained the power more or less as the case may be of acquiring new words wherever they lind them When our pupils reach this desirable goal we very often treat them like the heroine of a novel who is happy ever after and that is the end of the story we forget that this is just the time when the greatest care should be observed to avoid acquiring bad habits This is best done not by example nor yet by precept though each plays its part but rather by a certain development of the thought which leads to its natural expression To be sure in our crowded school rooms we cannot take much time for developing a first reader lesson but a little time thus spent gives large re turns If we can only make sure that no pupil begins reading a sentence until he has mastered the thought which it contains we can have but little trouble to gain natural expression The very best way to do this in a limited time is to call each sentence a story or a question then require the pupil first to scan it silently and looking off from the text right into the teachers face tell the story or ask the question A very little practice will enable the pu pil to do this readily In all this teach accuracy If a single word is mispro nounced have it scanned again and the story told a second or even a third time This plan cannot be adopt ed without the pupil gaining the entire thought conveyed New words are more readily learned when thus em bodied in a thought It is a great help in language If a pupil is inclined to say Mary and the baby Ms in the house he will very likely tell the story in that way only to be required to look again and see that are is used instead of is Just a moment taken to find out why are is used instead of is and the best of language lessons is learned by the whole class In the second reader of course the sentences are longer and not quite the same plan can be followed but if one always requires the pupil to look off the book before the end of each sentence it will develop the habit of looking ahead and gaining the thought before expressing it If the pupil has been trained upon this line of thought getting in the first reader he will always hold to the habit unless indeed he is pushed beyond his capacity into reading where both words and thoughts are beyond his comprehension This is one of the most serious catastrophes that can happen to any pupil If the thought is beyond him or the words so difficult that he cannot grasp the thought he has no chance whatever of learning to read except parrot fashion and not only this but you place literature and language development quite outside of his horizon for the two are or should be closely allied to the every day read ing lesson Western School Journal Teaching Orthography Each word has a physiognomy Some Jvbrds have plain faces some have fea tures peculiar to themselves but all are learned not by describing them orally but by using our sense of sight Words of as many letters as they have sounds may be learned by seeing and pronouncing them If the -teacher dic tates such words as paper lamp pen cil etc and carefully pronounces ev ery sound they will be written correct ly But the number of such words is comparatively small in English Words in which the number of letters is great er than that of sounds as book street slate ring etc will have to be ob served more closely and of tener by the young learner Such words as separate eulogy forfeiture gay ety etiquette I take a few out of the multitude haphazard are often misspelled If marked on the board as indicated and left there a few days it may be safely said that their peculiari ties will be remembered or recalled The secret of vivid knowing is vivid seeing If every spelling lesson is con ducted according to the principle that we learn orthography more through sight than through the sense of hearing I am sure we shall find little difficulty in obtaining good results In higher grades words may be grouped accord ing to rules but no rule should be given it should invariably be discover ed by the pupil If the teacher put the following words on the board in a column pavement amusement chas tisement achievement infringment etc and opposite to these in another column such as judgment abridgment and others it will not be long before the pupils have discovered why the final e of judge for instance in the second column is dropped This is mixing in a little brains in the other wise dry study At every stage of the course however this paradox remains true The more crayon a teacher con sumes the better her instruction American Teacher Pennsylvania Normal Schools One hundred and fifteen thousand nine hundred and thirty eight is the to- enp JgS m V l minber of the peJducafe In tfce normal schools of Permsyjfinia since e establlshnjient of tttS first 2301319 total costf of normal schools to the State Jr tuuw ejst J w f o m fitfiiver nineteen dollars for each tpersonducated whether they attend- eifbne two or four years uuoo number of normal school graduates in lthlrty eight years 3190 number of normal school graduates still teaenmg In the -State Mout thirty three and one third per cent 3790 number of teachers now teaching in the State not graduates educated in the normal schools 7ltf0 total number of normal trained teachers now in service in the public schools 1600 number of normal trained teachers estimated to be teach ing in private schools colleges and normal schools 700 number of normal trained teachers estimated to be teach ing in schools outside of the State 9090 total number of Pennsylvania normal trained teachers now in the teaching profession It Is believed that no other State in the Union can show such a record for her normal schools It costs Pennsylvania a mere pittance to do this great work most of the ex pense being paid by the persons edu cated Philadelphia Ledger New Task for Teachers The Board of Education Chicago 111 has abolished the position and de partments of special teachers in draw ing singing and physical culture the change to go into effect at the end of the school year of 1897 This resolu tion which was Introduced by John S Miller compels all grade teachers to qualify themselves in these studies so that they may be able to teach them by the end of 1897 Teachers who cannot pass an examination in these branches will be dismissed Notes New York has 3197 students in her fifteen normal schools New York has 1254129 pupils in pub lic and private schools Pennsylvania has thirteen normal schools with 50G0 students One hundred and forty thousand stu dents are in the colleges and universi ties of the United States The gifts to colleges churches li braries and public charities in this country last year amounted to 27 943449 against 19907110 in 1S94 The school term of the United States averages according to Dr Harris last report 13G7 days which is equal to twenty eight weeks including holidays Chicago is to have a new thirty two room building for the Franklin school The appropriation is to be about 200 000 The committee on restrictment struck off 20000 which had been asked for Of the 2287 foreign students now in German universities 62S are studying philology and history 4S0 medicine 450 mathematics and natural science 274 jurisprudence 164 Evangelical the ology 21 Catholic theology 154 polit ical economy 81 finance 30 pharmacy and 5 dentistry Of the six-year-old children in the schools of Canton O Superintendent G M Bradwell says that six did not know the color of grass nineteen did not know the color of the sky two did not know the color of snow thirty per cent knew the points of the compass seventy seven per cent knew their right hand nearly all knew numbers below five Seals Toothache The effect of creosote on a seals tooth is mentioned by the Chicago Times Herald The queen seal at Glen Island is suffering from the toothache Two weeks ago she began to whine and frightened a servant girl into hyste rics by climbing up the rocks to the arbor walk Mr Le Roy the keeper took her in his arms and noticed that her jaw was greatly swollen Creo sote was administered but afforded only temporary relief Each morning the intelligent creature tries to at tract the attention of some of the keep ers evidently for more creosote whicb satisfies her for the day A Pitiful Juvenile Tragedy Jimmie McFadden a nine-year-old New York boy played peek-a-boo with his little sister one afternoon while his parents were away Once he ran into a clothes closet she pushed the door to and locked him in Then she saw him peep out at the transom and final ly thrust his head through the small opening The transom closed down upon his neck He moved his head a little but did not laugh Then he cried out strangely The little sister stood there not understanding it at all She watched and waved her hands and cried Peek-a-boo Johnnie The face with which she played peek-a-boo was the face of the dead The liowell Homestead There is considerable concern in Bos ton about the future of James Russell Lowells magnificent old home in Cam bridge at the gateway of Mount Au burn cemetery The house is the prop erty of the poets daughter but the land adjoining it is in the hands of real es tate agents and the fine estate will soon be cut up into building lots unless the property is rescued The house is an old Troy mansion one of the few still standing in excellent condition in Cam bridge and it is an object of great and increasing interest to thousands of visitors from all over the country It would make a most desirable museum Playful Monarch An interesting point in heredity is shown in the conduct of the young King Alexander of Servia The founder oi the family was a swineherd The young monarch who is now only nineteen re verts to his ancestor not only in his phenomenal strnegth but also in his sense of humor both of which he ex hibits by a playful trick of knocking his courtiers heads together d Mr i JJW r a No man ever chosen Vice President has been elected President since 1S3G Mayor Warwick of Philadelphia per formed three marriage ceremonies in one hour In the early days of Sir Isaac Pit mans shorthand crusade the system was assailed on religious grounds Italys deficit is about 12500000 a year and Greece Turkey Portugal and Spain are also running behind in rev enue A Tombstone merchant doubtless a very successful one with an eye to the foibles of womankind advertises Beautiful ladies dress goods A few days ago a Wilmington Del woman received a little box by mail in which was a watch and chain that were stolen from her twelve years ago It seems according to the latest sur vey that Mount St Elias the great peak of the Pacific coast is evenly divided between the United States and British America The Empress Eugenie has presented to the Paris Museum of Decorative Arts all the plans and drawings for the ornamentation of her private apart ments in the Tuileries The old chair that Governor Benning Wentworth of New Hampshire occu pied while he filled that ofiice in 1741 is still to be found in the council cham ber at Concord in good condition Sawdust is turned into transportable fuel in Germany by a very simple proc ess It is heated under big steam pres sure until the resinous ingredients be come sticky when it is pressed into bricks One man with a two horse power machine can turn out 9000 bricks a day The collection of Hawaiian idols be longing to the American board and which were sent to this country as cu riosities by the early missionaries to the Sandwich Islands has been sent back to Hawaii to be deposited in the National museum They are said to be the only specimens of the original It is stated by one who has investi gated the subject that the average yearly expenses of a co operative build ing and loan association of Philadelphia is 350 In most cases no salaries are paid except to the secretary and he receives about 150 per annum There are over 400 associations in Phila delphia The banks of issue of Europe con tained 650000000 more at the close of the year 1895 than they did at the end of 1890 without any corresponding increase in their loans or notes of is sue The decrease in the amount of new capital placed in London was over 2000000000 for the years 1S91 5 compared with 1SS6 90 Professor Woodrow Wilson who has been delivering a series of lectures at the Johns Hopkins University con tends that American city governments are inefficient because they copy too closely the structure of the federal government with its two chambers and executive The system of checks and balances and division of power is not suited to municipal needs By order of the Supreme Court of Ohio R A Harrison Columbus W S Groesbeck Cincinnati S N Owen Columbus F J Dickman Cleveland and L T Neal Chillicothe have been appointed a committee to prepare and submit to the Supreme Court a mem orial on Allen G Thurman deceased for publication in the fifty third vol ume of the Ohio State reports An analysis of 2000 accident poli cies on which benefits were paid shows 531 persons injured by falls on pave ments 243 by carriages or wagons seventy-five by horseback riding 117 were cut with edge tools or glass ninety- six were hurt by having weights fall on them and seventy six were hurt in bicycle accidents while seventy two were hurt by falling downstairs A New Orleans paper reports that while the South has gained 34 per cent in population during the last twenty years the enrollment of its school attendance has increased 130 per cent The value of Southern school property in the same time has increased from 16000000 td 51000000 It is estimated that of the 320000000 ex pended for education in the South in the last eighteen years one fourth has been for colored pupils J W Steers son of the famous de signer of the America cup in a talk about his father which has just been published states a fact that was prob ably known to but a very few peo ple It is no less a revelation than that the renowned America cup has no bottom This fact was not known to the New York Yacht Club itself until some years after the cup was brought over and it was proposed upon occa sion by the club to drink a bumper from it A curiosity which is attracting the attention of the folks around Crofton in Marion County Kentucky is a calf covered with a fine coat of wool in the place of hair It is the property of O El West The mother of the curiosity a small Jersey cow has no unnatural characteristics The calf too has the appearance of any commonplace calf with the exception of its coat which is as woolly as that of a sheep It is per fectly healthy James Morris serving two years in the penitentiary at Columbus O for counterfeiting having been sent up from Newark O is in the prison hos pital under peculiar circumstances At the age of 11 years he swallowed a pin Recently after roaming about his organism forty years the pin ap peared in his left breast to such an ex tent that he Is in a serious condition The pin was extracted is still dangerously ill The equine roarer Is no longt bother to English veterinary surgeons who now perform tracheotomy on the horse so afflicted and thereafter he byeathes easily and well through at white metal tube silver plated Many carriage horses may be daily seen in London and elsewhere wearing these tubes and in the hunting field in cer tain instances horses which without them could not have galloped a mile have with the aid of tubes been hunted for five seasons Charles Veltman of Paris Tenn relates a remarkable experience of a cow he owned This cow had been missing from home for about ten days when Mr Veltman set out to find her Being in the neighborhood of the old Harris place which is unoccupied he thought to look inside pursued his search upstairs and there found his cow securely quartered in a room in the second story where she had been during the whole of her absence With much difficulty he made her go down again Salt had been spilled on the steps and the cow licking it had gone up making two turns in the stairs AN OVERSIGHT The Trouble It Caused in the English Mail Service In his Forty Years in the English Postoffice Mr F E Baines tells a stir ring story which illustrates the differ ence between the slow pacing old times and the swift going new Sixty years ago the mails were car ried through England by coaches At the principal towns four horses har nessed and two post boys ready foa the road were always in waiting In case of accidents On one occasion when an important bill respecting the West Indies was be fore Parliament the packet for thosa colonies was detained at Falmouth un til the decision should be reached A1 last the vote was taken and the baga containing dispatches and instruction from the Colonial Office to the Wesf Indian governors and consuls cam down to Exeter and as was supposed were all sent on by coach to Falmouth In the middle of the night a portej was dismayed to find a huge leather portmanteau in a dark corner of the office It was the bag of dispatches In a twinkling a post boy sprang on one of the waiting horses and shot for ward to warn all the posting stations on the hundred miles of road to Fal mouth Behind him followed at break neck pace a chaise and four with the bag The mail coach had four and a half hours the start The post boy dash ed on sounding his horn Toll gates flew open fresh stood waiting for the chaise through Devon and Cornwall horses down When the chaise reached Falmouth it had made up the four hours but in the odd half -hour the mails had been carried on board the ship and she was now under full sail leaving the harbor The post boys flung the bag into a boat and gave chase Pendennis Castle fired a gun The packet understood the signal hove to and the bag was flung on board This seems slow work to us now when instructions can be cabled from London to the other side of the world in an hour Yet away back in still slow er days we read of a monarch who when he would make known in haste an edict to his kingdom caused letters to be prepared and sent them by riders on mules camels and young drome daries But after all it is precisely the same human energy that uses the camel or the mail coach or the lightning We have better tools than our brother one century or twenty centuries ago but are we any better than he Are we serving God or our fellow men with greater devotion and keener percep tions of truth and light than he served them That is really the important question to ask Advertising Pays A New York newspaper recently had a fine chance to test its value as an ad vertising medium Says the Foutrh Estate It was given the advertisement ol a certain New York magazine whicb sells for ten cents a copy It was a larga announcement and after reciting its at tractions an entire line appeared In bold display in the advertisement Send ten cents for a number The compost tor made the line come out In the papet to read Send ten cents for a year The advertisement appeared Sunday and Mondays mail brought the magazine over three hundred letters with ten cents Inclosed for a years subscrip tion as per your advertisement in yes terdays The magazine consult ed its lawyer who advised the publish er to make the newspaper pay the ex tra ninety cents on each subscription and although this demand was at first refused the proprietors of the daily finally yielded During the first week eight hundred and fifty five letters with ten cents inclosed reached the maga zine and now the total is a few over one thousand one hundred Up to date therefore the newspaper has paid nine hundred dollars to find out what really good returns its advertising columns afford And the end is not yet A Profitable Cat A Lewiston Me lady owns a large brown coon cat which has just been sold for the seventh time for 8 With in a week after each sale the cat comes back to the house of the first owner and makes her appearance at meal time He Thought It Pleonasm Dont use poor soap read Perry Patettic from the paper in which his poke out had been dropped Ef t had been wrltiu that he continued I think I would have left out that word pore M Cincinnati Enquirer