V V WORK OF CONGRESS tHE WEEKS DOINGS IN SENATE AND HOUSE A Comprehensive Digest of the Pro ceedings in the Legislative Cham bers at Washington Matters that Concern the People Lawmakers at Labor Opponents of the bankruptcy bill which passed the Hou S2 Saturday afternoon by a decisive majority the vote being 157 yeas to 81 nays were not confined to either of the grert political parties or any section State delegations were divided as to the propriety of such a bill and the members of the Illinois delegation were by no means favorably disposed toward the measure Representatives Connolly Hitt and Lorimer voted for the bill while Messrs Burrell Cannon Downing Graff Marsh Smith and Wood were recorded in opposition What is true of the Illinois delegation applies with equal force to the other State delegations and Democrats Populists and Republicans at last found a proposition on which they could agree and vote accordingly All the Populists voted against the bill Baker Kan Bell t Colo Kem Newlands Suford and Strowd N C The Bailey substitute Ito the bill providing for voluntary bank ruptcy was defeated 89 to 120 The ate passed the naval appropriation bill hAn amendment for building three torpedo boats on th Pacific coast was agreed to The Chandler amendment providing for twenty torpedo boats was defeated 23 to 39 The Senate passed Monday in debate of ithe resolution for bond investigation ignoring the river and harbor bill The jHouse discussed Senate amendments to ithe naval appropriation bill Quite a number of bills were passed during the day mostly of minor importance Among them were bills for the protection of yacht owners and shipbuilders to author ize the construction of a bridge across the Illinois river at Grafton 111 to create a new division of the eastern judiciary dis trict of Texas to pension Gen Joseph R West at the rate of 50 per month and to authorize South Dakota to select the Fort Scully military reservation as part of the lands granted to that State The opponents of four battle ships sus tained defeat in the House Tuesday on the proposition to accept the Senate amendment to the naval appropriation bill reducing th3 number to two Sena tor Hill added another day the fifth in opposition to the bond resolution in the Senate Some progress was made on the river and harbor bill by taking it up in the morning hour The only changes made were those restoring the authoriza tion of contracts of 1403000 for Sa bine Pass Tex and 9S7000 for Savan nah Ga harbor A large number of pen sion bills were passed The Senate again put in a day Wed nesday debating the subject of investiga tion of recent bond issues The House served notice on the Senate and the coun try that it had transacted its business and was ready for the final adjournment The report on the contested election case of Thompson versus Shaw from the Third North Carolina District which was unan imously in favor of the sitting member was adopted A bill granting the widow of Secretary Gresham a pension of 100 per month was passed By a vote of 51 tc 6 the Senate Thurs day inaugurated an investigation to be conducted by the Senate Committee on Finance into the facts and circumstances connected with the sale of United States bonds by the Secretary of the Treasury during the last three years In addition to some minor business the bill was pass ed extending the time for building a rail road by the Dennison and Northern Rail way Company through the Indian terri tory Also the bill to send to the Court of Appeals the case of book agents of the Methodist Episcopal Church south The House Friday voted to give each member 100 a month for recess clerk hire A bill was passed to appropriate 5000 for the deportation of the Cana dian refugee Cree Indians from the State of Montana There are about 500 of these Indians They have been in Mon tana since the close of the Riel rebellion The pension bills favorably acted upon at the last Friday night session were taken up and passed The river and har bor bill was completed in the Senate with the exception of the item for a deep sea harbor on the Pacific coast A bill was passed authorizing the Sioux City and Omaha Railroad Company to construct a railway through the Omaha and Win nebago reservation in Thurston County Nebraska Both houses adjourned until Monday Big Electrical Plant Mariposa County California is to hare the third largest electrical power developing and distributing plant In the United States The largest is at Niag ara the next is at Folsom in Califor nia and the third is to be constructed at the Horseshoe Bend on the Merced River The location is near the center of a mining district having at least 100 mines that are sufficiently prospected to use cheap power At the driest sea son of the year the power company calculates upon 1S00 horse power and during eight months in the year they expect water enough to generate 3500 horse power The price the company proposes to charge its consumers is 5 per horse power a month Etiquette of Introductions Two ladies can shake hands on being Introduced It is considered good form Young women when introduced to young men should not offer to shake hands When an introduction is given the name should be pronounced in a clear distinct tone It is bad form to introduce on the street or any place of amusement Introductions should not be given either at home or in society unless per mission is asked In the introduction of elderly people the younger should be introduced to the elder not the reverse A hostess should always extend her hand to a stranger when brought to her house for the first time j At a dinner party the hostess intro duces the lady to the gentleman who is to take her in to dinner CARING FOR SOILED CURRENCY Banks Handle It Carefully for Fear of Lobs Upon Its Face Value Bank notes are clearer than they used to be It is the policy of the New York banks to send their soiled notes to the United States Treasury to be destroyed as soon as a sufficient num ber accumulates to justify it Banks in the West send on whole batches of soiled New York notes to their corre spondent banks In this city and the bank that receives them sorts them out and sends them round each little batch to the banks by which theywere issued These sorted notes are then sent to the treasury to be destroyed and others issued in their place New York is thus a sort of depot for soiled and dam aged notes of its own issue The print ing process for bank notes has been so developed of late years that the gov ernment has adopted this policy of fre quently destroying soiled notes and re issuing good ones The Bank of England never lets a note go out the second time Its low est notes are for 5 so that the loss per pound Is comparatively small in thus destroying little used notes Some in deed come into the bank as fresh in appearance as when they were issued A note coming in is marked for destruc tion and laid away for a time Mean while the name and address of the pre senter are taken along with the num ber of the note in order that theremay be some clew in case such a note is re ported as stolen It is not suspected how Important an element in a banks profit on circulation is the destruction and loss of notes in the hands of holders This was much larger in days when reissues were less frequent than now The larger the amount a bank may issue the greater the loss In the hands of the people A bank of this city that abandoned its circulation before the opening of the civil -war yet has many thousands of its own notes out They were outlawed years ago though 3000 of them pre sented about ten yeans ago were fully Identified and redeemed The whole Issue of the bank was only about 250 000 Although the average life of a Bank of England note is said to be but five days and one seldom encounters a soiled Bank of England note In London those notes circulate for years in the colonies for they are taken abroad by travelers and are current almost every where They circulate along with our notes in the regions bordering British Guiana There are Scotch and Irish banks of issue emitting small notes and these notes are often greasy and worn since they are not regularly de stroyed when they reach the home bank Canadian bank notes are cur rent along our northern border and they are sufficiently like our own being in dollar denominations to deceive those not accustomed to make the dis tinction They are often kept long in circulation on the border and are oc occaslonally worked off on the visiting New Yorker who finds them uncurrent in this city and must exchange at a discount New York Sun Marble Making The example furnished by nature In fiie production of marble from chalk by water the latter percolating grad ually and steadily through the chalky deposits dissolving the chalk particle by particle and crystallizing lit moun tain pressure affecting its characteris nte solidity it is now found may be the basis of accomplishing similar re sults by a resort to chemical proo esses Slices of chalk are for this purpose dipped dnto a color bath staining ihera with -tints -that will imitate any kind of marble known the same mineral stains answering this end as are em ployed in nature For instance to produce the appear ance of the well known and popular verde antique am oxide of copper appli cation is resorted to and in a similao manner green pink black and other colorings are obtained The slices after this are placed in another bafch where tihey are hardened and crystallized coming out to fill intents and purposes real marble Service We ail in one way or another serva our fellow men but there is a vast difference between one who does lihis only Incidentally and one who has the conscious purpose of doing so and who directs his life accordingly This aim demands not diffuseness as may at first appear but concentration It does not chiefly tend to a series of desultory efforts to do one and another person good a chance may afford opportunity but rather in a persistent effort to do the one thing for which we may be best fitted as perfectly as possible It is a purpose which all may share and one wMch can most truly unite aU classes Rope A cork core floating rope has been designed The inventor cMms that his floating rope of one inch in thickness will stand a strain of more than 1000 pounds The rope consists of a core of small round corks about three quarters of an inch long placed end to end round which is a braided net work of cotton fcwiine This is sur rounded by another layer of strong cotton twine braided in heavy strands which is about a quarter of an inch thick The Brute Mrs Witherby I will have to put four extra plates at the table to night My sister and her three children are coming Witherby No you wont Three will be enough Truth Love is a good deal like vaccination it seldom affects the subject seriously more than once NOTES ON EDUCATION MATTERS OF INTEREST TO PU PIL AND TEACHER The Severity of Punishment Should Not Be Arbitrary or Governed by the Teachers Temper What a Boys Manner la Worth Notea The Degree of Punishment The degree or severity of punishment should not be arbitrary or governed by the teachers temper Every kind of offense should not only have its proper kind of punishment but every grade of the offense should also have its proper degree of penalty to be inflicted The teacher should be governed by the fol lowing principles In determining the de gree of punishment The Degree of Puniuhment Depends Upon the Nature of the Offense Slight offenses or those of o nature jiot likely to Interfere with tlje welfare of the school or the teacher need but slight punishment while those of a more se rious character and likely to lead to greater violations of the school disci pline should be met promptly with pun nshment of greater severity The Degree of Punishment Depends Upon the Motive of the Offender Many seeming offenses are not meant by the pupils as offenses at all and therefore need simply a caution and no punishment whatever In a school of fifty children the teacher must expect considerable life and no little noise but he must not think that every act of thoughtlessness on the part of the chil dren Is meant to interfere with either his discipline or his comfort Such of fenses are without motive and in any well regulated school they must be ex pected as surely as we should expect lambs to frisk or birds to sing The teacher wTho would punish them with severity would prove himself utterly unfit to have charge of children and ut terly incompetent to fill the post of teacher On the other hand the offense may be committed with the purpose of annoy ing the teacher breaking up the good order of the school injuring other pu pils or some equally malicious purpose In every such case punishment is neces sary and the severity must be deter mined not only by the motive but also by the magnitude and importance of the offense The Degree of Punishment Depends Upon the Frequency of Repetition The teacher is sometimes unable to de termine the motive which actuates a child in committing an offense for the first time but when the offense is fre quently repeated the question is not so difficult to solve The first offense therefore unless the motive is clearly understood should not be punished so severely as the same offense when sub sequently repeated The more frequent the repetition also the more severe in general should be the penalty The Degree of Punishment Depends n the Difficulty of Detection The pun Ishmeut in every case ought to be gov erned to some extent by the difficulty which the teacher experiences in detect ing the offender Conspiracies in school are always more difficult to detect than open violations of law They are also more dangerous to school discipline and the punishment visited upon those who not only commit the offense but who also seek to hide it and their con nection with it should necessarily be more severe than if no effort were made to screen themselves and baffle the teacher in his efforts at detection The Degree of Punishment Depends on the Age and the Sex of the Offender A moderate degree of punishment to a hardy well developed youth might prove a great cruelty if inflicted upon a small child or a tender girl In gen eral it will be found that mild corporal punishment is much more effective with small children than with older pupils to the latter an appeal to their sense of honor a reproof deprivation of privi leges or placing them where they can not communicate with their associates is the most effective punishment I doubt if girls particularly those be yond the age of 12 ever should be sub jected to corporal punishment They may be corrected in other ways much less dangerous and the wise teacher will refrain from administering to them any bodily punishment the result of which may be lifelong injury The Degree of Punishment Depends on the Temperament of the Offender The temperament of children differ as widely as their physical organization and no teacher can reach all by the same method of procedure The chol eric and the sanguine cannot be gov erned in the same manner as we would govern the lethargic and the phleg matic A nervous sensitive child re quires different discipline from that which we would apply to one of a dull plodding lethargic disposition The degree of punishment as well as the kind must vary according to the vary ing temperaments To one whose sense of honor is keen and who is character ized by great nervous energy a word of reproof is of more consequence than a sound administering of corporal pun ishment to one of an opposite tempera ment It is the dull plodding work horse that needs the spur as an incen tive and not the lithe limbed keen eyed Arabian courser Raubs School Management A Boys Manner His manner is worth a hundred thousand dollars to him That is what one of the chief men of the na tion said lately about a boy It wouldnt be worth so much to one who meant to be a farmer or had no opportunities but to a young college student with ambitions it Is worth at least a hundred The boy was a distant relative of the man and had been brought up by careful parents in a far off city Among other things he had been taught to be friendly and to think of other persons before himself The boy was on a visit in the town where the man lived They met oh the street and the young er recognized the elder promptly went to his side and spoke to him in his cordial happy yet respectful way Of course the man was pleased and knew that anybody would have been pleased The sentence above was the outcome of it A little later the boy came into the room just as the man was strug gling into his overcoat The boy hur ried to him pulled it up by the collar and drew down the wrinkled coat un derneath He would have done it for any man the haughtiest or the poor est The boy has not been in society a great deal He has not learned ortho dox selfishness He positively cant be easy at the table until his neigh bors are waited on a chair is a tor ture if he thinks anybody else is less comfortably seated He wouldnt in terrupt to let loose the wittiest or most timely remark ever thought of He may learn to do so some day after he has earned his hundred thousand but It is doubtful The expression of his kindness may become conformed to popular usage modified refined but the spirit which prompts the expres sion will only grow with his years Do not misunderstand boys You may be truly unselfish and yet not have this boys prize you may wish to do things for others and yet feel that you do not know how The only way to learn is to try to hesitate for no feeling of bashfulness or awkward ness but to put into direct and in stantaneous practice whatever kind helpful thoughts occur to you Con gregationallst Make Geography Interesting In teaching your little girl geography try to make it something more than a dry list of names to be learned by rote Take her imaginary voyages and jour neys from one country to another Tell her something of the manners and cus toms of the people and anything you can learn yourself about the lives of the children Describe to her how the Swiss boys herd their cattle under the shad ow of the Alps and the Esquimaux are made daring by being thrown into the Icy water in their strange fur gar ments Tell her of the stunted lb es of the pit boys in the coal mines and of the German girls who learn to use their five knitting needles almost as soon as they can hold them Books of travel will furnish you with many interesting incidents which you can turn to ac count Geography will not be a weari some task to her Her mothers wis dom can make the first steps attrac tive Ladies Home Journal How Teachers Should Talk It is necessary for a teacher to talk a great deal and to talk so as to be heard and understood But in order to be heard and understood it is not nec essary to talk loudly much less to snap and scream as Is the custom with too many teachers especially those who are impatient nervous or irritable who are obliged to work in a noisy room or with a rebellious class of chil dren The secret of talking easily and intel ligibly in a large or noisy room is to fill the lungs fully and to refill them at every pause to speak slowly to speak with careful articulations and to make all effort at the waist This last is the important matter and can be accom plished only by those who can fill the lower part of the lungs and usa the muscles of the diaphragm Notes There are 451 universities and col leges in the United States of which 310 are co educational Harvard has the largest attendance of any college in America and the University of Paris of any college in the world The Yale faculty state that some time will elapse before the new Bil lings professorship of 70000 in En glish literature is filled The ladies of Fort Worth Texas have organized a kindergarten asso ciation with Miss Eliza Whitmore as president and Mrs William Capps sec retary The school board of Omaha has sued Henry Bolin late treasurer of the city and his bondsmen for 32533 which it is alleged the school department lost through him The State normal school of Ken tucky for colored persons asked of the Legislature an additional grant of 3000 for the purposeof enlarging its agricultural department The senate of Cambridge University by a vote of 1S6 to 171 has re elected the proposition to appoint a commit tee to consider the question of con ferring degrees upon women A bill has been introduced Into the Senate by Senator Charles Davis to forbid the practice of vivisection in the public schools of New York It also forbids the exhibition of any animal upon which vivisection has been prac ticed Superintendent Skinner of the New York State Department of Instruction has prepared and had introduced in the Legislature of that State a bill re pealing the law of 1894 which com pelled the public schools to give In struction on the nature and effects of alcoholic drinks and narcotics Up to a short time ago it was po larly believed that the highest habita tion of man on the globe was to be found in a Buddhist convent In Thibet where twenty one monks devote their lives to the adoration of Buddha at an altitude of some sixteen thousand feet above sea level It has been estab lished lately however that a colony of mine laborers exploiting for a London firm the tin and bismuth mines on Mt Chorolque in the Bolivian Province of Chichos are living in a settlement more than seventeen thousand feed above tidewater Each British soldier costs his country 5320 every year Patents are issued by sixty four gov ernments in the world French tradesmen in New York have organized a French chamber 6 com merce A dramatic college for ladles Is short ly to be started in one of the suburbs of London The largest Krupp guns have a range of seventeen miles and fire two shots a minute During the Franco Prussian war the cost to the French nation of each Prussian killed was 20000 At the present moment out of the seventy one members of the Irish na tionalist party ten are Protestants The shipbuilding concern of Sir W G Armstrong Co limited of Glas gow will establish a plant in Japan A white buzzard was lately shot in Texas having on its neck a bell mark ed 18G0 and Ralls County Mis souri Kangaroos are such a plague in Aus tralia that the government pays a bounty of S pence for each animal that is killed The Boston Park Commissioners it is alleged will permit the sale of beer and light wines in the pubUc parks this summer A grandniece of General Israel Put nam Mrs Lucy L Deckery died in Bangor Me a few days ago at the age of S9 years Exports of copper pyrites from Spain last year fell off nearly 37000 tons as compared with 1S94 the figures being 504407 tons and 541320 tons respec tively The Supreme Court of New York has decided that a surgeon making an autopsy without the permission of the relatives of the deceased is liable to be sued for damages The bank statistics of Ireland for 1895 are the most satisfactory ever re corded and show that Ireland has but to be let alone to attain a thoroughly sound economic condition There Is a 5-year-old girl in Detroit who plays on the piano and composes pieces She wakes up the family be fore breakfast and often arouses them in the middle of the night The statue of Lord Byron which has just been unveiled by King George at Athens represents the poet advancing with outstretched arms to meet Greece who holds out to him a laurel crown It is understood that the government of New Zealand will introduce a meas ure for the exclusion of consumptive persons on the same lines as that deal ing with small pox making masters of ships liable One of the new schemes for passen ger transportation In New York is to make one fare good from the upper end of the city to the eastern limits of Brooklyn including passage across the East River bridge Physical strength is highly rated in Switzerland In several cantons the customs still prevails of holding wrest ling matches The champions taking part in these athletic sports belong to the most diverse ranks in the social scale Tesla says it is unnecessary to con struct a geometrical figure to attract the attention of the inhabitants of Mars It is possible now to generate artificial thunder and lightning and great electric sparks with a gap of a mile The ruby in the center of the Maltese cross on top of the British crown is the stone that was given to the Black Prince by King Pedro of Castile after the battle of Nejara Henry V of England wore it in his helmet at the battle of Aglncourt Whereas reads a notice printed in the Biddeford Me Journal my hus band Amas has left my bed and board without any cause I Caution all wimin taking up with him as I am the third one that he has broughte to distraction to my knolidge St Petersburg is excited over the horse whipping of Prince Mestchersky director of the Grashdanin by two sons of an official who felt insulted by an article In the newspaper The young men say they whipped the prince but he says that he turned them out of his house without being struck The dromedary parcel post service in the German territories of Southwest ern Africa has given better results than were expected The dromedaries are adapted to the climate are not affected by the prevalent cattle diseases are not made footsore in stony regions and do not suffer extreme thirst when de prived of water for a week In an obituary notice printed in a Kansas City paper of the late deputy warden of the Missouri State Peni tentiary who had held the office more than forty years appears the undoubt edly well intentioned statement that Probably no man in Missouri enjoys a wider acquaintance among the pub lic men over the entire State The origin of railways is traced to a contrivance for simplifying the transit of coal from the English mines to the places of shipment The Invention con sisted of a double parallel line of wood en beams or trams fixed to the ground and furnished with flanges to prevent the wheels of the cars from slipping aside The motive power was fur nished by horses The date at which these roads were first used is set down as between 1602 and 1649 A book elevator at the new Pratt library in Brooklyn and which goes up and down by electricity is one of the new labor saving devices maCe pos sible by thie faithful fluid It is nota ble that ventilation for the volumes is not forgotten books being very sensi tive to the dry heat of the old style library and of many house libraries Even the fine old and stanch bindings which they used to make In Philadel phia fifty years ago crack and dry up in furnace heat Among the wise English laws is ons that permits miners of each colliery to select once in three months two from their number whose duty it is to in spect the workings as a check upon the inspectors and fire bosses paid by the operators The recommendations of these Inspectors must be promptly at tended to under severe penalties As a result of this law mine accidents have diminished greatly in number and the health of the miners has been improved by attaining better sanitary conditions Thought It Was a Hornet A country store is the scene of many curious happenings One of these oc curred In a small village in the upper part of old Dutchess County The clerk was a bright smart active coun try lad who was equal to all emergen cies He found that a certain denizen of the place named Jake Brown al ways found a convenient sitting on the counter in the farther part of the store near the cracker barrel and that when the clerks eyes were not upon him- the old mans position allowed him to pilfer a number of biscuits The clerk soon grew tired of this and he arranged a good sized needle with a spring in a hole in the counter under the oilcloth with a long string which could be pulled at any point in the store One extremely hot day in June the old man entered the store and took his position as usual on top of the coun ter near the cracker barrel The clerk was apparently engaged with a cus tomer but had his eye on old Jake and when he was reaching for the crackers the string was pulled Jake went up in the air landing on his feet in the middle of the store He felt for the object of attack he wearing only overalls Not being rewarded in his search he mounted the counter the second time and was about to make another attempt at cracker raising when he felt another thrust which lift ed him in the air again He started for the attic above the store His prolonged absence caused the clerk to go up to the attic where he found it as hot as an oven to see what was going on He found the old man distracted and nearly disrobed in the middle of the floor shaking his overalls furiously The sight was laughable The clerk asked him what was the mat ter He replied This morning while mowing in the meadow I struck a hornets nest and one of the pesky things has crawled up the leg of my overalls and has struck me twice and Im hunting for it The clerk wore a smile Philadelphia Times An Editors Memories There was a time when newspaper men in New York and Washington contributed not a little to public en tertainment by the savage way in which they pitched into each other That doughty combatant James Wat son Webb was grand master in this kind of strife Back in tihe thirties the liability to be challenged tempered but did not restrain the virulence of news paper abuse and it flourished uncheck ed in the early days of the New York Herald when ilhe entire press of the city combined to put down this daring and successful aspirant for public favor In Hudsons History of Journalisrr in the United States may be found a collection of the choice epithets hurled at the elder Bennett in 1840 by Park Benjamin in the Signal by Judge Noah in the Evening Star and by James Watson Webb in the Courier and En quirer These have not been surpassed before or since Besides them Gree leys little villian characterization of Raymond in 1853 and after sounds tame The last eminent professor of the cut-and-thrust method of dealing with his brethren of the press was Jen nings of the Times He found I think a genuine delight In it and one of the pastimes of the New York editors of twenty five years ago was to goad this redoubtable swashbuckler into paragraphic fury He gave as a rule as good as he got But it may be doubted whether his animadversions on the table manners and the condition of the finger nails of the editor of an evening contemporary had precisely the effect intended The victim was not sensitive to that kind of criticism and it made ing readers grieve Forum A Dangerous Habit Sleeping and dreaming in a barbers chair lost a man the tip of his nose in San Francisco the other day The man dropped into the barber shop to get a shave and as his face was being lathered fell asleep The barber con tinued to shave his sleeping customer gently Suddenly the sleeper struck out right and left with his fists pre sumably at some dreamland foe His right fist struck the razor and drove its keen blade through the end of his nose This awakened him with a start and after a hasty explanation the man pick ed up the piece of his nose and ran to the city and county hospital The sur geon stitched the piece of nose on whera It belonged and there is a fair show of its growing In place or more or less in place New York Sun Excursion to the Arctics An English pleasure excursion to th Arctic regions on the plan of the Miran da trip is announced for next summer The vessel will be the steam yacht Blencathra which has been used bj Gapt Wiggins in his Siberian expedi tions It will visit Iceland Greenland and Hudsons Bay