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About The Plattsmouth journal. (Plattsmouth, Neb.) 1901-current | View Entire Issue (Oct. 23, 1944)
0 MONDAY, OCTOBER 23, 1944 TEE 70UBXAL, PIATTSJIOuTH, SEBRASKA PAGE FIVE Heavy, Heavy Hangs Over Yea3 4 . T-, a ' DOv FT) iO cr MACARTHUR RETURNS TO PHILIPPINES MORE TROOPS THAN ALLIES AT NORMANDY Seize New City London, Oct. 21, (VP) Marshal Tito announced today that his Yugo slav partisans, in heavy street fight ing, have seized the major part of Kragujebac, an important communi cation center 5S miles south of lib erated Belgrade. The town which is one of the key points of the highway leading north ward from the Greek frontier to the Yugo-Slav capital, was completely . cleared of enemy troops yesterday by Tito's partisans and-. Soviet troops. Tito's communique broadcast by free Yugo Slav radio, said the Ger mans attempted to bring reinforce ments to Kiagujevac but were rout ed in the area of Cacak,,-west of the beseiged town. 1 .. Return from Hospital Mrs. Walter Kerger daughter have, returned the Clarkson hospital where they have been and little home from at Omaha " since the Above tAe H 6y UTV BULL Political Campaigns Come and Go birth of the little daughter. All are doing well and now-the "family are all at home. Visit Old Friends Will Watson of Sutton, visited Fri day with the Karl Grosshans and Searl S. Davis families. The Gross hans were former residents of Sutton and Mr. Matson and Searl Davis at tended the University of Nebraska together. Charleston Storm Hit The Foreign press seems to de light in playing with the idea that the United States is in the midst of a political revolution that the coun try is ready for a second Civil war. We have never been a nation to play individual lives, to tell who should invent our telegraph instru ments, or radios, or lighter-than-air crafts, who should write our music, our histories or our news papers. We don't designate anyone to develop important inventions as thev do in Russia. We don't leave our music scores to be written by a chosen group, or our plays to be produced by another group as was true in Germany. In emergencies the history of the United States has been one of ex cellency in humans, money and ma chines to meet unprecedented de mands. Traditional barriers eco nomics, political, racial and philo soohical cease to exist when the true welfare of the nation is in volved. As William Feather wrote; "If Stalin wants artificial rubber he turns to a plant biologist and tells him to get busy. If he wants a dead man revived he turns to a biochemist. If he decides on a hydro-electric plant, he imports for eign engineers. But here, every thing is in the old, confused, hap hazard tradition of Christopher Co lumbus, who was looking for China when he discovered America." There may be a better way to c-t things done, but past experience ! proven that the American way rot such a bad way. : The lightning rod was invented by a printer named Franklin. The cotton gin by a teacher named Whit ney, the telegraph by a painter named Morse and the electric light and the phonograph by a telegra pher named Edison. We chose a Virginia aristocrat named Washington to manage our experiments in democracy. We let the dilettante intellectual named Thomas Jefferson define the rights of the common people under de mocracy. We chose a lawyer named Lincoln to settle our slavery prob lem, and a college professor named Wilson to lead us in World War I. Regardless of what foreign na tions and foreign press think of our political campaign it is an Ameri can campaign, and we shall not de cay as the result of it, regardless of whether we place a prosecuting attorney or a civil attorney in the White House for our postwar de velopment era. . - It was not long ago that many were moaning the fact that our younger generation had gone soft. Our fighting sons have proven tougher than those produced by any nation in history. Thousands upon thousands have been decorated since the days of Colin Kelly. They, together with our entire armed forces have proven that America will have political and personal fights, but will stand united as one of the strongest forces for the de velopment of our country at all times before, during and after any political campaigns. LEGAL NOTICE OP MEASURE TO BE VOTED UPON NOVEMBER 7, 1944 CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT Proposed By Initiative Petition (Title) AN AMENDMENT to Section 1, Article VHL of the Constitution of Nebraska, so as to provide that all of the net proceeds derived from motor vehicle registration fees, motor vehicle license taxes, and all excise taxes levied upon gasoline and other motor vehicle fuels used in motor vehicles in the State of Nebraska shall be appropriated and used for the purpose of constructing, repairing and maintaining public highways within the State of Nebraska and for no other purpose whatsoever. 302 S03 Q YES NO (Text) That Section One (1) of Article Eight (8) of the Constitution of Nebraska be amended to read as follows: "The necessary revenue of the state and its governmental sub divisions shall be raised by taxation in such manner as the legislature may direct; but taxes shall be levied by valuation uniformly and proportionately upon all tangible property and franchises, and taxes uniform as to class may be levied by valuation upon all other prop erty. Taxes, other than property taxes, may be authorized by law. Existing revenue laws shall continue in effect until changed by the legislature. - .. . "AU of the net proceeds from motor vehicle registration fees and license taxes, gasoline and other motor fuel excise and license taxation, except the proceeds from taxes imposed on gasoline used in aircraft, after providing therefrom for (A) administration and statutory refunds; (B) payment of obligations incurred in the con struction and reconstruction of public highways and bridges; shall be appropriated and used soley for construction, reconstruction, maintenance and repair of public highways and bridges, and shall not be diverted by transfer or otherwise, to any ther purpose. . The above proposed measure to be voted upon at the General Election, November 7, 1944, is published in accordance with Section 202, Chapter 49, Compilad Statutes of 1929, State of Nebraska.; ........... FRANK MARSH,. Secretary of State. . Charleston, S. C, Oct. 20, (UP) A tropical hurricane after leaving path of death and destruction in Cuba and Florida during the past 48 hours roared past Charleston today without material damage and headed nortbeastwrd in the direction of Columbia. S. C., and Raleigh, N. C. With the water front area partly flooded and after a night without lights or pbwer historic Charleston still was being buffeted by gales from the swirling fringes of the main blow, but the intensity of the winds diminished hourly. Advanced Allied Headquarters, j Philippines, Oct. 20, (UP) Gen. Douglas MacArthur returned to the Philippines today at the head of the greatest ocean-going Invasion ar mada in history and in the first hours of assault his revenge-seeking forces seized the east coast of strategic Leyte island and its capital, Taclo- ban, 370 miles southeast of Manila. By nightfall, MacArthur will have landed more men that the allies put ashore on D-Day in Normandy. He watched from the bridge of the Am erlcan crusies Nashville as dough boys poured ashore at four beach heads along a 755-mile stretch of coast against amazingly light re sistance. Tanks, bulldozers and other masses of eauipment already were on the beaches and moving inland. Fanning out rapidly from their newly-won beachheads, jungle vet erans of the American 6th army under the command of Lt. Gen. Walt er Kreuger "are rapidly extending their positions", MacArthur report ed in a jubilant communique an announcing his amphibious stab deep into the' eastern perimeter of the .central Philippines . Hundreds, perhaps thousands of planes, drawn from the 7th and 3rd United States fleets, the far eastern air forces and the Royal Australian Air force. Joined the 16-inch batter ies of American battleships and les ser guns of other warships in pul verizing enemy 6trong points in land in the most shattering naval- air bombardment of the war. Except for light mortar fire from the hills, the advancing infantry was meeting only slight opposition from the invaded areas, but bloody fighting was expected when they come up against the enemy's defens es in the interior. As the sun rose in the tropical sky, the most devastating air-naval bombardment ever unleashed in the Pacific broke I across the shore Leyte and neighboring islands. The 15-inch guns of American bat tleships paced the bombardment with reverberating broadsides, and the lesser armament of American and Australian cruisers and destroy ers joined in the symphony of death and destruction. , Bombers cascaded hundreds of tons of explosives on enemy defenses Inland and fighters roared in low to strafe any of the Japanese garrison who might ap pear, i Rocket-firing craft went close in shore to hurl, their flaming missiles pointblank at the invasion-marked beaches. As the bombardment reached its height, scores of assault boats moved out from the transports and raced for the shore, emptied their human cargoes on the by-now undefended beaches and shuttled back to the ships for reinforcements. The first wave of infantry hit the beaches at 9:58:30 a. m., exactly one minute and a half ahead of the H- Hour set more than eight months ago by the allied command. Soon big landing ships infantry and landing ships tanks were nosing into shore, dropping their ramps thorugh the open jaws of their hing ed bows and disgorging more troops, tanks, jeeps, bulldozers and such masses of equipment as never before seen in a Pacific invaion. Aviation Meet To Consider LandingRights Agreements to Operate 140,000 Miles of Postwar Gobal Airroutes Envisioned General MacArthur's Headquart ers, Leyte, Oct. 21, (UP) The big gest American invasion army of the Pacific war, spearheaded by tanks and flame-throwers, seized Dulag on the east; coast of Leyte and stormed the defenses of the capital city of Tacloban today ; after, unconfirmed front reports said, overrunning the key Tacloban airfield. Grim, determined doughboys were routing troops of the hated 15th Japanese division from foxholes and; machine-gun nests with bayonets. Tommy guns and grenades, spurred by the knowledge that their oppon ents were the same men who tortur ed their buddies of Bataan during the notorious march of death on Luzon two and a half years ago. Japenese resistance was increasing as the enemy recovered from the in itial shock of the assault, but no where was it sufficient to stem the tidal wave of American troops and machines enveloping the island. Gen. of (Douglas MacArthur, personally com manding the attack, estimated the enemy garrison at little more than a division 15,000 men whereas estimates of the invading force ranged from, 100,000 to 250,000 "Our ground forces are consolidat-j an ing tbeir beachhead positions and are driving inland on all sectors," MacArthur reported today in his second communique of the invasion of the central Philippines. He added to correspondents that the operation was proceeding "acccording to plan." Washington, Oct. 20, (UP) The international aviation conference beginning November 1st, in Chicago will be asked by the United States to approve a "Provisional agree ment granting commercial airlines landing .rights at designated air ports in the various countries, it was learned today. The effect of the agreement would be, to insure operation of the 140, 000 miles of postwar global airroutes envisaged for U.S. Airplanes by the civil aeronautics board. It would also mean that several foreign airlines would automatically obtain commer cial landing rights in the U.S. More than 50 countries have been invited to the conference. American officials are reasonably confident that the right of aircraft to fly any where in the world will be establish ed by the meeting, buf are less opti- mistic about U.S. proposals for multi-j lateral granting of landing rights. ! The American delegates, it was learned, will argue - that lengthy bilateral negotiations could be avert ed by the "Provisional" system, which could be corrected later if it were unsuccessful . Two complex problems promise to plague the Chicago conference: " 1. What powers should be as signed to the international aeronau tical body eventually to be set up? 2. Should international airplanes be entitled to all the traffic they can capture or, should they be allocated a nortion of total world air traffic by intergovernmental agreement? The British published on Tuesday a white paper proposing an author ity with extensive jurisdiction over air commerce, including the power to assign traffic quotas to individual nations. Informed sources here said the United States -is not in sympathy with this view, and is expected to be suDDorted in opposing it by China and Russia. The American position it was understood is that once routes and landing rights are agreed upon airline 1b entitled to operate over the routes as frequently as com mercial need dictates. Death of Laval Paris, Oct. 20, (UP) A Marseille court of Justice today passed death sentence on Pierre Laval, chief of the government in the Vichy Regime, who is assumed to be in Germany. The sentence in absentia was im posed on a charge of communicating with the enemy. 'Just Spinach' Minneapolis, Oct. 20, (UP) The belief that spinach Ib a super muscle builder is just a lot of spinach, ac cording to a Minnesota Medical As sociation bulletin which said today that turnips provide more iron and that any leafy green vegetable will do as well. Willkie Gives Funds Des Moines, la., Oct. 20, (UP) The American Red Cross, British War Relief Society. Russian War Re lief and United China Relief each has received $15,000 from the Wen dell Willkie Trust Fund, according to Gardner Cowles, Jr., trustee of the fund. The 1940 Presidential candidate donated to the fund all of his royal ties from the book "One World", to aid Philanthropic causes. LETTER FROM MAASTRICHT The kind of response which should make Americans realize how much it means to the rest of the world to have our boys helping to win the war was recently received by the New York Times in a letter from all the people of Maastricht a town in the Netherlands recently liberated by the American army. In that letter, which was addressed to the people of the United States, the inhabitants of Maastricht told of their desperate life under German rule and their joy over being free again. They said: "The pleasant smile of your boys has stolen our hearts. Their laughing faces, Jheir vigorous and ; brave appearance, their kind-heartedness, and es pecially their simplicity, have told us that these sons of the great American republic bear true de mocracy in their hearts and that the world may be glad that the United States has interested itself in behalf of our country and of Europe." Any mother, whose boy is fighting in Europe, should feel genuine pride in this testimony of the part he is play ing as an ambassador of good will in building admiration and respect for our country and our people. POLITICAL ARITHMETIC Back With MacArthur By United Press, Oct. 20 A Mel bourne broadcast said today that General Douglas MacArthur landed on Leyte In the Philippines witb "every living, man who escaped from Corregidor with him in 1942," The broadcast did not report how many men survived : to land with MacArthur.; ... Buy War Bonds The fact that you can prove most anything with figures, depending upon the figures you happen to use and how you interpret them, has become more and more obvious since the war started. Of particular interest have been figures on strikes. Anti labor groups have been able to pull out figures to prove that strikes have caused criminal delays in war production. Labor groups have used figures to demonstrate that strike hours are so microscopic compared with work-hours that they don't amount to a drop in the bucket. Probably Einstein, if assigned the job, wouldn't be able to get the real answer as to just how much loss of produc tion had been caused by strikes. , The President was right when he said that only one tenth of one per cent of man hours have been lost by strikes. ? But the Republicans were also right when they pointed out that his figure applied only to the men actually striking and did not apply to the man-hours lost by thou sands of others who, although not striking themselves, were unable to work because of the strikes. The strike of 6,000 transit workers in Philadelphia, which prevented 900,000 war workers from getting to their jobs, is an out standing example. Because of the trickiness of figures, we must watch out for them during the ejection campaign. Figures may not lie, .but they are a leading tool for creating false impressions.. Now that eggs aren't as plenti ful as they were we are interested in cake recipes that don't use too many. Also we haven't too much time to spend mixing cakes these days. Furthermore chocolate is hard to get but cocoa seems to be available. These arguments put this choco late cake at the top of the list, since in addition it's truly delicious and win be a real treat for the family. The cake keeps well, so the dessert for several meals is taken care of. Chocolate Cake. One and three-fourths cup granu lated sugar, cup shortening, 2 eggs, cup cocoa, cup warm water, 2 teaspoons soda, cup buttermilk, 2Yt cups sifted flour. teaspoon salt, 1 teaspoon vanilla. The shortening should be soft but not melted. Put sugar, shortening and eggs in mixing bowl and beat well with a dover beater or an electric mixer. . Combine cocoa and warm wa ter, mixing until smooth. Add soda. Add this to first mixture with but termilk, flour, salt and vanilla. Stir with a spoon just enough to make smooth and pour into two nine-inch round layer-cake pans which have been lightly oiled and floured. Bake 25 to 30 minutes in a moderate oven (350 degrees F.). Put together with quick chocolate frosting. Quick Chocolate Frosting One-half cup cocoa, 1 cups canned sweetened condensed milk, 2 tablespoons softened butter or margarine, 1 teaspoon vanilla. Put all ingredients in top of double boiler. Cook and 6tir over boiling water for five minutes, until mixture thickens. Beat until thick enough to spread, cooling over cold water while beating. Put be tween layers of cake and cover top and sides with seven-minute frosting if desired. The following recipe for apple sauce doesn't take any eggs but it makes a delectable cake that will keep two or three weeks. Apple Sauce Cake One cup light brown sugar, firm ly . packed, cup shortening, 1 cups apple sauce, 2 cups raisins, 1 cup nut meats, 3 cups flour, 2 tea spoons soda, 2 tablespoons brandy, teaspoon cinnamon. Vt teaspoon nutmeg. 4 teaspoon allspice, tea spoon salt, 1 teaspoon vanilla. Mix raisins and nuts and sprinkle with 1 cup flour. Mix thoroughly. Mix and sift remaining flour with spices, salt and soda. Cream sugar and shortening. Add remaining ingredients and mix well. Turn into a loaf cake pan and bake IVt hours in a slow oven (300 degrees F.). Tbiscake requires bo icing. and TOMORROW By DON ROBINSON BOYS .... guns Anyone who has been around small boys knows what a machine gun sounds like. I don't know how to make that sound, or how to spell it, but there isn't a boy of five years old or more who doesn't spend at least part of each day imitating a machine gun, or an ack-ack gun, as he "mows down" his friends, his cats and his dogs. Warfare, patterned after the sketchy knowledge which small boys have of what is going on in Eu rope and the Pacific today, has be come the schoolboy's favorite game. Digging foxholes has taken the place of building huts, shooting toy guns is considered more fun than throwing balls and "dive-bombing" anything in sight is a thrilling pas time. Even before he is old enough to read the newspapers, a boy of today gets a thorough education in war fare. He listens to radio programs teeming with stories of battle, of bombings and of killing. He learns, before he has any idea what a Jap or a Nazi might be, that those names are the symbol of things to hate. He looks through so-called comic books and again gets the story bf war, with pictures. He learns that villainous looking char acters are Japs and Nazis. And he then goes out. with toy gun or stick in hand, to shoot up the neighbor hood and murder the miniature "Nazi" next door who broke his drum, or to knife the "Jap" who refused to give him a piece of candy. DANGER . . . . schools Whether this war game mania will do any permanent harm to the youth of America is a subject which is being constantly debated in edu cational circles. Some school teachers maintain that it is perfectly natural and harmless. They point out that "playing soldier" has always been a favorite occupation of boys and the present activities are just a modernized version at a somewhat increased tempo. But a principal of a grammar school, who has been studying the situation closely, both in his own school and other schools in his state, told r.e that he has almost daily evidence to -show how these "games" ai-e breeding trouble. He told me of cases where neighbor hood gangs gangs of five to ten year olds will, after playing war for awhile, decide to invade a back yard down the street and capture or seriously beat up the youngster who is innocently holding that "pill box". He said that, since the war, he has had more complaints than ever before from mothers who say their child was pounced upon going to or from school. He thinks there is no doubt about the fact that the war spirit in young sters is being expressed in unfair and unsportsmanlike acts and will definitely harm their characters un less drastic steps are taken, both at home and in schools, to counteract them. LESSON rules " I can see the difficulty, in our school systems, of trying to teach children about "our friends and neighbors across the seas" when they are reading and hearing about the fiendish acts committed by some of those neighbors. It's a hard thing too to teach boys not to fight among themselves when, ever since they were born, they have been kept con stantly aware of fighting on a gi gantic scale. But rather than avoid the subject of war in the schools, it seems quite possible that the war can be used to teach children the basic ingredients of a peaceful life. It can easily be demonstrated to children that their fathers and brothers are fighting the Japs and Nazis because these na tions were poor sports and wouldn't stick to the rules. They can be shown that the Nazis are being pun ished for having tried to pick on some little nations that weren't their; size, that the United States won't stand for gangster methods between nations any more than it will at home. And they can be educated to understand that unfair and un sportsmanlike acts among school children can't be tolerated any more than can such acts among the fami-' ly of nations. . It seems to me that the present war offers a fine opportunity to teach children the consequences of poor sportsmanship to use the Japs and Nazis as glowing exam-' pies of what happens to nations or individuals who break the rules. TO RECOGNIZE TRENCH London, Oct. 19. (UP) The Brit ish government has decided to recog nize General Charles de Goulle's ad ministration as the provisional government of France, the United Press learned from reliable sources today. The recognition probably will be announced simultaneously with re lease soon by General Dwight D. Eisenhower to the French adminis tration of a large part of France as a "zone of interior." One highly placed source said British recognition might have been granted sooner had the United States been ready to take similar action. It was generally understood that the United States and Britain had taken concerted action. - Bay War Bonds