The County in General
The “Doings” of Our Country Friends
and Neighbors.
VERDON.
Ed Sailor was down from Howe
last week.
John Hall was a Falls City vis
itor during the week.
Mrs. Ora Houtz of Adams,Neb.,
is visiting relatives here.
Charles Rickard was up from
Falls City the past week.
J. L. Dalbey of the Shubert Cit
izen was in town Tuesday.
Dr. Thomas, wife and baby
went to Lincoln Wednesday.
.1. W. Cullen entertained Roy
Ross of Howe a few days last
week.
Lou Fritz purchased a Ford
touring car of Walter Veach last
week.
Harry Lum has returned from
a visit to his brother at Dodge
City, Kansas.
Mrs. Carol West came down
from Auburn last week for a
visit, with her parents.
•John Leefers returned last
week from Omaha, where lie went
to purchase his fall goods.
Mrs. Fred Gibson and little son
came down from Auburn to visit
Mrs. Warren Douglas for a few
days.
Clarence Stump left last week
for Long Island, Kas. His father
accompanied him as far as Falls
City.
Charles Haitman and children
came down Iron: Howe for a slior
stay with Mrs. James Wells and
family.
Miss 11 a/el Paper returned to
lmr home in Omaha Tuesday. She
was accompanied by her cousin
Blanch Goolsby.
Carl Lippold, wife and little
son came up from Falls City Sun
day and spent the day with Geo.
Fogle and wife.
Miss Nellie Zumbrunn arrived
Thursday afternoon from Reserve
for a visit with her cousin, Miss
Valetta Dietrich.
Grandma Patterson is very ill
at her home in this city. Eunice
Cornell came down form Peru to
help care for her.
Mrs. Phillips and two daugh
ters left Monday for Warrensbuig
Mo., where the latter will make
their future home.
Beecher Cornell left the first of
the week for Lincoln where he
will visit a short time with his
mother and sister.
Mrs. Harriett Otto is very ill
with cancer of the stomach. She
has been taken to a hospital in
Omaha for treatment.
Dr. Shook of Shubert was call
ed here Monday morning by tin*
serious illness of the little son of
Mr. and Mrs. doe Estas.
Mr. and Mrs. Ed Kuker return
ed this week from Norcatur, Kas.
where they have been visiting
George lorn and family.
E. E. Ewing made a trip to
Woodlawn, Kansas in his auto
last week. lie was accompanied
home by Mr. and Mrs. Stoffer.
Ray Arnold left Wednesday for
Crete, where he will visit friends
a few days, after which he will
go to Spencer, Nebraska, where
he has the position as teacher in
the high school.
dames Shubert and family stop
ped for a short time last week to
visit with Ed Shubert and family
They were on their way to their
home in Shubert, after spending
four weeks with relatives in Kan
sas.
Thursday evening while help
ing to drive some cattle from lie*
pasture, little Cyrus Nedrow met
with a very painful accident. One
of the animals became viseious
and attacked him. lie received
severe cuts on his face and hip,
besides being badly bruised.
HUMBOLDT.
Walter Legg attended to busi
ness in St. Joe Monday.
Anton Kolm of Pawnee City
was in Humboldt Monday.
Mrs. C. K. Cooper visited with
friends in St. Joe Wednesday.
Charles Goddard attended to
business in Shubert Tuesday.
Will l’oteet of DuBois was in
this city the first of the week.
The band boys furnished music
for the Verdon picnic Thursday.
II. E. Boyd spent the first of
the week with relatives in Salem.
S. S. Zimmerman was a busi
ness visitor in Falls City Wed
nesday.
Dr. Mary Bowers of l’awnee
City spent a portion of the week
in Humboldt.
Rev. Bounds and wife visited
relatives in Lincoln the middle of
the week.
Will Carsh of Salem was a bus
iness visitor in this city the first
of the week.
Mrs. Emma l’hilpot and child
pen are visiting relatives in Burch
ard this week.
Miss Cecil Youngman spent a
short time with friends in Fortes
eue, Mo. this week.
Mrs. Frank Van Winkle and
children left Wednesday for a
visit with relatives in Peru.
Miss Frankie Shields of Falls
City is a guest of her friend, Miss
Bertha Simmons, this week.
Miss Bertha Henrys of Marys
ville, Has., is a guest at the home
of her sister, Mrs. Wm. Bald.
The missionary society of the
Presbyterian church met with
Mrs. James Atwood Thursday.
W. A. .Specs, one of the early
settlers of Pawnee county was in
this city the first of the week.
Rudolph Hni/.da and wife came
down from Table Rock Sunday
to spend a short time with rela
tives.
Miss Minnie Buerstetta came
up from Leavenworth to visit her
brother, Ambrose Buerstetta and
family.
Rev. Will Atwood and wife of
Brookfield, Mo., spent part of
this week with friends and rel
atives in this city.
Mrs. Della Sanders returned
to Kansas City Thursday after a
pleasant visit with friends and
relatives in this city.
Miss Effie Garrett returned on
Wednesday to her home in Sheri
dan, Mo., after a visit with rela
tives in this vicinity.
Mrs. Charles Wilson and son
returned to their home in Lincoln
the last of the week after a
visit with relatives in this city.
Claud Fergus nad family re
turned to their home in this city
Monday after a visit with rela
tives in Hastings and Beaver City
Mrs. Sue Miller, of Oklahoma
City, who has been visiting rela
tives in this city, left Tuesday
for a visit with Pawnee City
friends.
Miss Daisy Albright returned
the first of the week from Falls
City, where she had been visiting
relatives nad attending the insti
tute.
Herbert Ford, who has been
spending the summer in Lincoln,
has returned to this city to spend
a short time with his parents, J.
M. Ford and wife.
Elmer Wood and family of Ta
ble Rock, who recently returned
from a trip to the western coast,
spent Sunday with L. R. Mann
and wife in this city.
After a months vacation spent
in different parts of Iowa and
Missouri, Rev. Cardv and wife,
returned to their home in this
city the first of the week.
Gail Thompson and family of
Auburn and Win. Carsh and fam
ily of Salem attended the funeral
of Mrs. P. D. Thompson, which
was held in this city Friday.
Mrs. George Bridgemnn and
baby and sister, Miss Millie Cliar
tron returned to their home in
Burchard, after spending a few
days with relatives in this city.
James Henry, the infant, son of
Charles Atwood and wife, died
Sunday afternoon. Funeral ser
vices were conducted by Rev.
Bounds at the Atwood home on
Monday.
OHIO.
Mi*, mul Mrs. Woodring spent
Sunday with friends near Barn
da.
Clarence Beck was down to
Fairview, Kansas the first of the
week.
Frank Cook and Wallace Cully
left for Idaho Wednesday to look
at land.
Edna and Vera Shaffer went
[to York last Sunday to attend a
camp meeting.
Frances Knight of Falls City
visited with her grandparents a
part of 1 his week.
Laura Unegge of Falls City is
spending the week with her siste'*
Mrs. B. M. Kiminel.
Wes Wdrow find family spent
Sunday in Falls City with Mrs.
Xedrow’s parents.
Mrs. John Fields has returned
home from an extended visit
with relatives in own.
Mr. Melvin went to Bushnell,IH.
Saturday, being called there by
the death of a brother-in-law.
Mable Auxier of Verdon spent
a part of last week with her
uncles, II. J. and (). 14. Prichard
and families.
11. J. Prichard and family and
Joe Cully and family spent last
Sunday at tin* home of O. 14.
Prichard Sunday.
Frank Ulilig, who has been
suffering the past week from
sciatic rheumatism, is somewhat
improved at this writing.
WOMAN’S CHICKEN FARM PAYS
Methods That Make It Profitable All
Year—Squab and Standard
Broilers Best.
“November Is one of the busiest
months In the year on my chicken
farm,” a woman who lives In eastern
Pennsylvania and raises chickens for
the New York market told a reporter.
"Chickens hatched this month are sold
In February as squab broilers and
fetch the highest prices.
“Of course the price depends on the
demand, and so far as my experience
goes the demand In February for
squab broilers far exceeds the Bupply.
lAst year 1 received |1.20 a pair for
all the birds 1 could supply during the
month. According to my books It cost
me Just 64 cents a pair to raise them,
so you can calculate my profit.
"I have been In the business for six
years now and for the last four have
been making a good profit on the cap
ital and time Invested. The first two
A Plymouth Rock Cockerel.
years I was glad to make both ends
meet. There is something more than
luck in raising chickens for the mar
ket, as any person who makes the at
tempt will soon find out.
“I had had experience in raising
chickens for home consumption when
1 decided to go into it for profit. I in
vested $300 in buildings and stock
with the expectation of doubling my
capital in the first year. My profit,
deducting wages for myself and tny
daughter at the usual rates, was less
than $5. The second year it was some
thing over $15. Since then It has
been steadily increasing until now we
count it by the thousand.
“As to breed, any variety of the
Wyandotte or the Plymouth Hock fam
ily is desirable as a market breed be
cause of their yellow skin nnd legs
nnd their ideal market shape. I pre
Wyandotte Prize Winner.
fer the buffs because of their entire
absence of colored pin feathers at all
stages of their growth.
“Squab broilers hatch from Novem
ber to March Inclusive and are ready
for market from February to the mid
dle of May. For a pair $1.20 is as
much as I have ever received and 60
cents a pair is the lowest price. Such
broilers weigh from 1% pounds to two
pounds.
“I have heard of people who raised
birds of this size in eight weeks, but
it takes me nine weeks to raise the
smaller birds and 11 to raise the two
pounders. The smaller bird is most
popular in February."
Demand for Capons.
There Is a market for capons In all
large cities, where they find sale at
much higher prices than common
fowls. The season for them is from
the holidays till young broilers come
in early summer. The commission men
are anxious to get them, because they
are ready sale and move quickly.
Every farmer and poultryman could
add much to his income from poulry
each year by eaponizing all of the
male birds and feeding and holding
them for the winter's trade . The,same
method is always used with hogs and
beef cattle, which sell for only five
to eight cents a pound, while capons
sell at from ten to twenty cents a
pound, which is very large profit on
even high priced grain.
Eradicate Lice and Mites.
If the lice and mites have gained
a strong foolhold, washing the inte
rior with hot soapsuds, with a good
mixture of carbolic acid, will do the
work. Apply it scalding hot with an
old broom or hand sprayer. Moiling
hot water alone will kill most of them,
and tho soap and acid will get the
rest.
HOME-MADE CHICK FOUNTAIN
Handy and Inexpensive Receptacle for
Watering Little Ones—Many
Advantages.
The above sketch Illustrates a prao
tlcal chick fountain which can eaally
be made from a tin can and an earth
ern or tin dish.
Procure a tin can about four Inchea
In diameter (baking powder usually
comes In cans this site) and punch a
hole In the lower rim with a nail about
Chick Fountain.
five-eighths of an Inch from the hot*
tom; All with water and place a dleh
over same (diameter of dlah must be
about two inches larger than diameter
of can),
Turn the can and dish over quickly
and set where desired.
The advantages of this simple ar
rangement are many, tho chicks can
not stand In the water and foul It,
neither can they turn It over, and the
dish Is automatically filled from the
tank as fast as the chicks drink It.
RATION TO FATTEN POULTRY
_*
Method Adopted at Maine Station and
Gives Much Satisfaction—Coops
Are Used.
At the Maine station the following
ration for fattening is fed to fowls iu
small pens with great success.
Hundred parts of cornmeal.
Hundred parts wheat middlings.
Forty parts of meat meal.
This was fed as porridge, thick
enough to drop, but not run, from a
spoon. Milk is preferable for moisten
ing the mixture.
French and English fatteners who
make a specialty of tho business of
fattening thousands of chickens each
year coniine them in small coops. The
coops used at the Maine station had
a floor space of 16 by 23 inches, in
each of which four chickens were
placed. This method can be used
when the space is limited. At the
Maine station it was found that chick
ens fattened in a pen put on freight
as rapidly and at as low cost as those
In crates or on which cramming ma
chines were used.
Where a pen is used the fowls
should have shade, grit nnd the water
must be fresh and plentiful. Feed
them three times a day and be care
ful to see that none is left in tha
troughs between meals.
Poultry Business.
The poultry business is not adapted
to sluggards. The lazy man loses
money with hens. Every neglect in
poultry raising has its cost.
He who is constantly complaining
about “bad luck” is only advertising
the fact that his methods are at fault.
Bad luck Investigated will nearly al
ways prove to ho wrong management.
Good luck and proper management
are akin.
All poultry that are not pure-bred
are not scrubs.
The houses and pens the fowls are
placed in should be scrupulously
clean.
Generally a hen with a nice, clean
cut head and a full, bright eye will
be a good layer.
Crossing an African gander on Tou
louse geese Is said to give the largest
sized offspring.
It is well to consider what is the
best treatment of fowls while they
are passing through the moult.
Fowls always seem to moult earlier
and quicker when they are warm
and In places where they are exposed
to the sun.
When moulting actually commences,
it is best to feed liberally on rations
which are easy of digestion and rich
in protein.
The cockerels should be culled out
early and sent to market. Pullets will
develop much better if this is done
Some hens in every yard are too old
for good service. Have you any?
Good time right now to get rid of
them.
Among the several varieties of the
Cochin family the Partridge Is consid
ered by many to be the most beautiful.
Skimmed milk is a good feed not
only for raising calves, and pigs, but
it is also an excellent feed for raising
chicks and for egg production.
It Is as difficult to name the best
breed of fowls as it is to name the
best breed of hogs or sheep, or the
best mako of corn planter or cream
separator.
Many people are realizing the profit
in raising heavy geese, as they are
worth more a pound than tlie lighter
breeds and every year there is more
demand for the Toulouse.
Of first importance is to keep young
stock growing vigorously. Too many
poultry raisers compel their young
stock to shift too much for itself dur
ing the middle and last summer
months.
FREIGHT GY WATER
COSTS ONLY ONESIXTH TO ONI.
TENTH AS MUCH AS BY
RAIL.
TRANSPORTATION'S BIG TOLL
American People Annually Pay Out
Three Times as Much for Trans
portation as They Pay for Support
of the Government.
Do you know
That the people of the United States
pay out each year about three times
as much In transportation taxes, that
Is, for the carriage of freight and pas
sengers, as they pay In taxes for the
support of government, national, stats
and local?
That transportation affects me prica
of everything that everybody buys,
sells, eats, wears or uses in any way
whatever—air, water and sunshine ex
cepted?
That cheap transportation benefits
both the producer and the consumer,
making wheat and cotton higher and
flour and cloth lower at one and the
same time?
That the cheapest known transpor
tation is water transportation, costing,
on the avernge, from one sixth to one
tenth an much ns transportation by
rail?
That the direct saving on the goods
actually carried by water In the
United States Is over $560,000,000 a
year?
Tliat railways always make lower
rates when subject to tho competition
of waterways than where such compe
tition does not exist ?
Tliat tho indirect saving, thus
caused, is probably as large as the di
rect saving given above?
That hot'i the direct and indirect
Raving would lie largely Increased by
the further Improvement of our water
ways?
That waterways always Increase the
profits of the railways with which they
come Into competition? For the rea
son that waterways, by giving cheap
transportation for raw materials, actu
ally create both industry and com
merce? As is indicated by the fact
That In 1900 there was only one city
In the United Slates, with a population
of 160,000 or over, which was not lo
cated on a navigable waterway? And
further
How Frankfort Benefited.
That Frankfort, Germany, grew
more In the twenty years after tho
River Main was canalized than it had
grown In the two hundred years bo
fore? And again
Thai Germany, which is nearly 60,
000 square miles smnller than Texas,
but has one of the finest waterway
systems in the world, had In 190S a
foreign commerce greater than that of
the United States by over $500,000,
000?
That throughout the elvllized world
the largest cities, the densest popula
tion, the busiest and most prosperous
people are to be found along naviga
ble waterways?
That the surest and speediest way
to develop the resources of the nation
and every state nnd section thereof,
to increase the growth of every city
and community in the country, to pro
mote the prosperity of every interest.
Including the railroads, and of every
citizen, east, west, north and south, is
to improve all our waterways as fast
and as far as we can?
That money used for the improve
ment of waterways, wisely planned
and honestly co .strucled, is not an
expenditure but an investment, which
will pay a dividend of at least 100 per
cent a year?
Provision for Funds.
That the benefits which Would re
sult from the comprehensive improve
ment of our waterways, and the losses
which would follow our failure to
make such improvement, are so enor
mous, that funds should be provided
by the issuance of bonds—as lias been
done by railways so that the work
may be begun at once and finished as
soon as possible?
That the national government claims
exclusive jurisdiction ind exercises
supreme control over all navigable wa
terways? And therefore
That it depends entirely on the con
gress of the United States whether
the work of creating a great national
system of waterways shall be done at
all ,and how soon It shall lie finished?
That the vote of the member of con
gress from yotir district will help to
decide the policy of the government
with regard to waterways?
That the action of congressmen Is
Influenced by the wishes of their con
stituents. when they know what those
wishes arc?
That you have the right, to ask the
candidates for congress in your dis
trict to state their position on this
question now, before the election?
That you are blind to your own in
terests if you do not ask your candi
dates to pledge themselves to work
and vote for waterways if elected, and
then demand of the one who is elect
ed that he shall keep his pledge j
The facts and figures given in tills
series of articles have bet n submitted
in tho hope that those who read them
would see the importance of the policy
of waterway improvement advocated
by the National Rivers a.id Harbors
congress, and would aid In securing
the adoption of that policy. How well
they have served the purpose for
which they were written must be left
for their rt aders to dec ide.
Every obstruction to the free and
open navigation of our waterways is
a brake on the wheels of industry.
CANALS FOR GENEFIT
LESSON FROM EUROPE SHOW*
HOW WATERWAY IMPROVE
MENT HELPS RAILROADS.
HAS A CREATIVE EFFECT
Construction of the Manchester Ship
Canal 8hewn to Have Resuscitated
Many Dying Towns—Many Qive
Similar Experiences.
In previous articles It was shown
that the waterways carry goods more
cheaply than railways do or can and
compel the railways to carry for less
than they otherwise would, and then
the claim was made that the Improve
ment of waterways Is a benefit to the
rullways with which they compete.
Several Instance* were given to sup
port this claim and many more might
be given If space allowed, for the
writer, who has studied the subject for
116 years, has found many Instances
of benefit, and not a single Instance
of harm, to railways from the Im
provement of waterways. It is now In
order to ree It we can find a reason
for this rather surprising result.
Waterways, as has been snld before,
produce benefits In three principal
ways—by direct saving In the cost of
transportation of goods carried by
water, Indirect suving, by the lower
ing of railway rates through the com
petition of water routes, aud by what
may be called a creative effect. It
Is this last named effect which we
are now to consider.
Manchester, England, before the con
structing of the ship canal, was a
dying town. Hundreds of stores and
thousands of dwellings were empty,
factories were closed -some moved
away and population was decreasing.
W ith the opening of the canal all this
was changed. Factories* reopened,
new ones were built, the empty houses
were refilled and thousands of new
ones built to accommodate the popula
tion that came pouring In. And the
benefits were not confined to Manches
ter alone, but were distributed over
the whole great Industrial region, con
taining over 8,000,000 people, of which
Manchester Is the center. It was not
only natural, but Inevitable, that the
great Increase In population and pros
perity In Manchester and the surround
ing region should be reflected In the
business and the profits of the rail
ways therein.
Liverpool Also Aided.
Liverpool fought desperately to pre
vent the building of the canal and the
establishment of the new port of Man
chester; but Instead of being Injured
I by the canal, the business of Liverpool
has Increased faster than before. Dur
ing the 13 years before the canal was
opened the Increase in the harbor re
j ceipts at Liverpool was only $310,000;
In the same length of time after it
was opened the increase was $1,365,
000. Tho 6,000,000 tons of trafilc at
Manchester have not been stolen from
Liverpool, they have been created by
the canal.
Frankfort, Germany, before tha
River Main was improved, was not a
dying city but was decidedly stagnant.
Mannheim and Mayence on tho Rhine,
which had been improved, were grow
ing rapidly, while Frankfort was grow
ing very little. As soon as the canal
ization of the river was finished, which
was in 1886, the city began to grow
and lias kept on growing ever since.
The population, which was 164,000 in
1886, has increased to 229,000 in 1895.
to 335,000 in 1905, and Is probably
more thun 400,000 now. Evidently the
people of Frankfort expect their city
to keep on growing, too. They spent
over $1,600,000 on u harbor when the
river was first improved and are
hard at work right now building a
new and much larger harbor at a cost
of $17,600,000. Just as In the case of
Manchester, the benefit was not con
fined to the city of Frankfort; the in
dustrial and commercial life of the
whole region was greatly stimulated.
Mines long closed were reopened, new
industries were started, and today
mere ts an almost continuous succes
sion of factories lining the banks of
the river from Frankfort to tha
Rhine.
Everybody Reaps Benefit.
Hunt the world around and always
and everywhere we find that the im
provement of waterways sets cities to
growing, factory wheels to humming,
and commerce to moving in a wider
and swifter stream. Railroads get
more business in leg cities than is
jmall towns, in a densely populated
manufacturing region than in one that
is thinly settled. Waterways, there
fore, benellt railways— and states and
nations as well—by promoting an in
crease in population, in manufactures
and in commerce. Hut for one who
likes to get clear down to the bot
tom of things there still remains the
question: "Why do waterways in
crease population and create com
merce and Industry?”
Consul General Mason, now In Carls,
but for some years at Frankfort, says:
"German statesmanship was among
the first to foresee that the time
would come when, railways having
reached their maximum extension and
efficiency, there would remain u vast
• urplus of coarse, raw materials—coal,
I ores, timber, stone, and crude metals
which could be economically carried
long distances only by water trans
portation. and that in a fully de
veloped national system the proper
role of railroads v, ould be to carry
passengers and the higher classes of
merchandise manufactured from the
raw staples that the waterways had
brought to their doors.”