The Falls City tribune. (Falls City, Neb.) 1904-191?, July 15, 1910, Image 3
LIFE IN A COAL BREAKER Dark Picture Drawn of Employment to Which Young Boys Are Bound. i Practically every boy graduates from school to the coal breaker before 'he is fourteen—some boys as early as ten or eleven years. The coal break er is a gaunt, tower-like wooden struc jture, at the top of which the coal is broken Into the required size for use land th< li sent in a continuous stream •down chutes which empty into wait ing coal cars or pockets. The boys (arc- employed to pick out of the mov jing stream the pieces of slate as they appear—straddling the chutes, or sit ting on small wooden projections at the side. The atmosphere in the breaker is so thick and dark with hy ing coal dust that an attempt to take a photograph of a couple of boys at (noon, near a wfhdow, resulted in one indistinguishable black surface; the noise is so great that I could not dis tinguish the words of my guide even when he put his mouth close to my ear and shouted; the movement and shaking of the whole structure are at times so violent that In some break ers 1 have been obliged to hold tightly to a hand rail for safety. The boys grow so cramped from long sit ting in one position that, sometimes they seize the opportunity to chase one another around the slippery metal platforms. And there was not one superintendent in the four or five col lieries that we have happened to visit who did not, upon our questioning, re late at least one tragedy thnt had occurred in his experience, of a hoy who had slipped into a coal pocket and been smothered, or had been mangled and killed by falling into the machinery. When we have asked whether the slate picking could not be done by mechanical devices, the Invariable answer has been, “Yes, but the boys are cheaper.”—Harper's Mag azine. OLD AIDS TO THE HAT TRADE Severe Laws Have Eeen Passed in England to Protect Various Makers of Headgear. Hats have in England been subject to very severe protective enactments. The blocked beaver hat, for instance, imported by Sir Walter Raleigh from the low countries, won its way so rapidly that in 1571 Queen Elizabeth passed an act to protect the making of “thrummed” caps, made from wool for the advantage of the landed pro prietors, whose sheep furnished the material. The statute provided that “every person, except ladies and Jews (why were Jews excused?) shall on Sundays and holidays wear on his head a cap of velvet wool made in England. Penalty 3s. 6p. per day.” About a century later the law, for Which there is nothing too high or too low, having taxed men's shoes, turned its attention once more to their hats, and soon put a check on all improvements in the trade by re quiring every vender of hats to take out a license under a heavy penalty. Subsequently a stamp duty was 'im posed on ail hats, which were offi cially marked inside where the maker’s name now appears. The penalty for selling a hat without a stamp was £10,, and the penalty for forging a hat stamp was—death! Whence, no doubt, the modern custom of the man who goes to church, sits down, looks into his hat—to read his maker's name! A Novel Bed. "T’m a hundred per cent, healthier for sleeping up next to the ceiling,” remarked a certain dweller out East Capitol way. “I’m not only above the drafts that frisk back and forth from the window to door and cause half the colds we suffer from, but I breathe a far purer quality of air' and hence awake more refreshed. Foul air al ways settles in the lower part of the room; the purer air floats above where I sleep.” He has rigged for himself a compli cated system of weights and pulleys whereby he can hoist his couch from the floor and suspend it, like Moham med's coffin, the while the slumbers. As to the possibilities of rolling out of bed, he refused to make comment.— Washington Star. f The Question Answered. The late Mr. John J. Ingalls, United States senator from Kansas, once told with great glee the story of a joke at his own expense, the humor of which, however, he enjoyed as keenly as if he had not been the victim of it. “I went one evening,” said Mr. In galls, ”to make a political speech in a small town. I presume the people thought I would have difficulty in fill ing an hour; at any rate, they called upon the village choir to assist. ■ ‘‘I trust that the hymns were select ed before my arrival, but of that I cannot be sure. I know that before the talk the choir sang, ‘What Shall the Harvest Be?’ and after it, ‘Noth ing but Leaves.’ ”—Youth’s Com panion. Luxury of Law. “I haven’t the vestige of a case,” said the crafty client to the craftier lawyer, "but 1 have money.” “How much?’ casually Inquired the legal one. “Twetity-five thousand dollars,” pro claimed the client. The lawyer put out his band. “Shake hands!” he said. “You have the best case I ever heard of. I’ll see that you never go to jail with that sum!” And he did. The client there went “broke.” POLICE RECEIPT WHS SHY Ruse of a Youthful French Advocate Which Resulted In Acquittal of His Client. The Paris bar Is laughing at the ; ruse of a youthful advocate who hud to defend a man whose reputation was not of the best. After much thought the counsel eon- ! eluded that If he could produce doc-, umentary evidence of his claimant's j honesty all would be well, and to ob- j tain an acquittal would mean much as far as his practise wan concerned Like most suspects, the client was penniless, so to produce the necessary evidence it was needful to provide the means. The advocate gave his client a five franc piece—about a dollar—and sug gested that he should take it to the police and say he found it In the street, and thus obtain a receipt. The client acqnesced, went to the police office, and returned with a re ceipt. The advocate gave a cursory glance at the document and tied it up with his brief, little thinking of the se quel. On the day of the trial the young advocate relied entirely on the police receipt, and thus terminated his ap peal to the jury: “I have a document which shows that during the past week my client found a five-franc piece in the street, and without delay he took it to the po lice. is that the act of a thief?” Then he triumphantly handed the document to the president, of the court The judge examined It closely and asked: “Was it. five francs that he found?” “Yes, Mr. President,” was the reply “I am quite sure aq to that.” “But,” said the president, “the re ceipt is for one franc only. The court was convulsed, and the jury, appreciating either the inge uuity of the counsel or the sharpness of Ills client, acquitted the "honest" knave. NEW KIND OF WATER WITCH One of Uncle Sam's Geologists Does Some Surprising Stunts in Lo cating Water Veins. N. 11. Darton is a government ge ologist who rloes surprising stunts in (he way of finding water. The geo logical survey has carried on exten sive investigations of underground waters, which make Mr. Barton's prophecies possible. One of his most I notable successes was a well at Edge mont, S. B. Mr. Barton predicted that j water should be expected in the Bead wood standstoue about 3,000 feet be low the surface. Accordingly the boring was begun, but meeting with many difficulties which caused great delay and ex pense, there was a disposition to abandon the work. i The engineers in charge, having confidence in Mr. Barton's prediction and their faith was finally rewarded by striking a great flow of water at a depth of 2,695 feet. The well yields 500,000 gallons a flay of tepid water satisfactory for lo comotive and other uses, and as there Is not good water within sixty miles and much of the supply had to be hauled in tank cars, the value of this flow is Inestimable. In the same general section of South Dakota, as well as In other western states, many other wells from 1,395 to 2,135 feet deep have closely verified Mr. Barton's predictions and are fur nishing a supply of excellent water. It is difficult to estimate the money value of a successful artesian well In an arid region, but where it obviates the need of long haulage $50,000 to $100,000 Is a moderate figure. Nonroyal Headgear. One of the attaches of the American embassy at London tells a story wherein Michael Joseph Barry, the poet, who was appointed a police mag istrate in Bublln, was the principal figure. There was brought before him an Irish-American, charged with sus picious conduct. The officer making the arrest stated, among other things, that the culprit was wearing a "He publican hat.” “Boes your honor know what that means?” was the inquiry put to the court by the accused’s lawyer. “It may be." suggested Barry, "that it means a bat without a crown.”— 1 Harper's Weekly. . Unpunctual Bridal Parties. For some time past the Great Syna gogue authorities have been consider ably perplexed at tbe lateness of the arrival of marriage parties. Remon strance has been in vain, and It was not unusual for a wedding party to ar rive two hours after the time fixed for the ceremony. The board of management has now decided that as this unpunctuality has resulted in much loss of time to the official an hour's grace be given to the parties. Should the hour be ex ceeded the officials are to leave and the wedding will be postponed until the conclusion of Mincha (afternoon) service.—London Daily Mail. Red Snapper in Oregon Waters. Several tine red snappers have been caught in the John Day river hy a fisherman who was out for black hass with honk and line. The incident re- ! calls the almost forgotten planting in the river several years ago of the fry of tills fish, taken from the Gulf of Mexico. The experiment had con\e to be regarded as a failure.—Portland Oregoniau. SUCCESSFUL, THOUGH LAZY - i Story of a New York Lawyer Who Used His Wit to Save His Heels. ■'Sounds a bit paradoxical, I know.") says Judge William J. lloyhan. In a New York paper, 'but one of the lazi est men 1 ever knew Is likewise one of (he mot successful lawyers of my personal acquaintance. I'll just relate one Instance which is typical. “I met him one Saturday In the street, just after he left his office. We had taken but a few strides when a , messenger boy approached and In formed my friend lie was bound for, ills office to deliver one thousand en velopes, which he had in a box. But j do you think m.v friend would turn i back and open his office to receive the goods? No, not he. lie just chucked them tinder his arm and took them along. "We boarded an elevated train and rode uptown. On leaving the train I was surprised to littd my friend had lef the box of envelopes on the train 1 stopped trim of a sudden and re minded him of the fact. To my utter astonishment ho just laughed and con tinued on his way. Then I demanded to know why in the world he took the envelopes If bo intended to throw them away. " You amuse me, lloyhan,' ho said 'I see >011 are one of those methodical fellows who worry half their lives away. Don’t you know the elevated station lost and found office Is only two doors removed from the build ing where my office is located. The envelopes are of no account to any one save me, and 1 will bet you ten to one they will be (here for me bright and early Monday morning.’” HUMMINGBIRD DECORATIONS Great Demand for the Feathers on Women’s Hats Likely to Re duce Their Number. Prof. Schillings, the German wild beast photographer whom Colonel Roosevelt made a point of meeting In Berlin, says that woman’s perverse taste in the decoration of hats is gradually devastating the bird world, though another chief cause, he thinks, is the artificial creation of cer tain fashions by millinery houses. He mentioned one Berlin Arm which made purchases of hummingbird feathers to the amount of thousands of dollars the moment a leading Paris Arm gave the word that hummingbird decoration was to be the mode. In Florida, he said, whole colonies of herons of from 10,000 to 30,000 pairs produce families. Then came the heron hunt ers and In fourteen days not a heron is left. The hunter has gained from $2,000 to $3,000. These remarks were made at the ornithological congress in Berlin, which was attended by delegates from all parts of Europe. One dele gate called attention to the new fash ion of using bird feathers for the decoration of women’s shoes. In a Paris shop window, he said, he saw a pair of shoes with hummingbird feathers on them priced at $1,100. Writing in Bible Times. Prof. Flinders Petrie says that there is nothing abnormal, nothing to be questioned, in the general outlines of the Hible story of the exodus. He contends that the spread of writing in those days has been enormously underestimated. “It is my firm conviction,” he says, "that the Europe of a century ago was far more illiterate than the eastern world in the Hible times. We have, for instance, a papyrus containing a cook's accounts scrawled in a very clumsy hand, with the reckoning all wrong, but It shows that even a com mon servant of those days knew how to write. We have another containing a petition from a peasant. These things are extremely important, show ing the probability of documentary records of a historical nature existing at the time.”—Jewish Chronicle. Skill in Frying Potatoes. A contest in frying potatoes in the French manner was held a few days ago at Billancourt, near Paris. There were 11 entrants, nearly all drawn from the class of “fried potato mer chants" whose hand carts laden with kettles of savory grease are sights so common in the French capital, where for three or four cents one may buy a brown paper cornucopia full of hot French friend potatoes, just as one may buy popcorn and peanuts In America. The height of art is said to have been shown at the contest. High est honors went to a white-aproned expert called Jeauneau. His potatoes, it was decreed, were cut just the right size, were dipped from the grease at exactly the moment when they had at tained crispness without losing their moist succulency and were finished off with exactly the proper quantity of salt. “Certainly," exclaimed the victorious Jeauneau, sagely; "It takes as much skill to fry potatoes in grease as to paint pictures in oils." Ragtime Doomed? Ragtime songs and music have about served their purpose and are gradual ly going out of popular esteem, accord ing to .1. L. Tindale, president of the Music Publishers' Association of tlie United States. "Ragtime of the trivial sort and the ordinary slangy music of the current popular song, will be a thing of the past in five years,” he said. “It is hard to understand why bar room equips and the slang of the streets should be perpetuated In music, and such goods ought not to be offered for sule or taken into oiy homes for fireside entertainment.” LIKE AN EARTHLY PARADISE Many Delightful Things Happening to Henry, But It Was All In a Dream. The man was astonished. He won dered If he were dead and this change of things one born of a hereafter. | lie was awakened by his wife ap pearing nt his bedside with a tray of breakfast—oh, such u breakfast. “Here's your breakfast, dear," she said, and he sat up in bed and en joyed it. “Take your time,'' said his wife, “it's early yet.” So the man leisurely at-1 tired himself lor the day and as lets-j urely made Ills wav to the office. At (ho office the "boss" was all smiles. , "Come Into niy office a minute, Henry,” he said; "I want to talk with you.” Once inside lie told him that there would toon lie .. vacancy to be tilled higher up, and hat he had been keeping an eye on his work for some time. "I’m glad you're to get it, Henry," said the boss; "you deserve that raise, If anybody ever did." Then, happily whistling under his breath, the man took a seat at tils | desk. 'Hie iirst letter be opened was one from a man he had almost for gotten. It contained a check for $13 that he had almost forgotten was owed him. Then some one shook him by the shoulder. "Get up, Henry,” said his wife; "I’ve waked you twice already. If you want any breakfast you’ll have to get it down-town. Thin': I've nothing to do but cook breakfast nt till hours? You'd better hurry if you dou't want to be late at the office.” It was all a dream, and the 39-cent clock showed that, however he might hurry, he was sure to be late. -Galves ton News. SPENCER'S GREAT INTELLECT - j Philosopher Laid Broad and Deep the Foundations of the Theory of Evolution. It is a matter of regret, a writer Rays, that Spencer prefaced his scien tific philosophy of the Cosmos with his fatuous theory of the unknowable. In the recognition of an unknown power inscrutable to the human Intel tellect Spencer fancied he had found the basis of reconciliation between science ami religion. Science was to take as its province the known, and religion the province of the unknow i able. Tlie proposed terms resembled those of a husband with his wife as | this basis of domestic harmony, that he should take the inside of the house ' and she the outside. Hud Spencer j been in closer touch with the religious sentiment he would have recognized that such a theory of reconciliation would simply distract public attention from his attempt to apply the key of evolution to the secrets of the mate rial universe. In tills later days lie felt that his syst. in had been preju diced by his theory of the unknow able, and In conversation lie used to I emphasize the view that his philoso phy of the Cosmos was quite distinct from his ontological opinions, and ' should he judged on its own merits. Making due allowance for defects rising out of the personal ehuatiou, the fact remains that Herbert Spencer was one of the great creative Intel lects of the nineteenth century. In j many particulars his generalizations ' will be modified by advancing knowl edge, but this at least must be claimed for him, that he laid broad and deep ; the foundations of the theory of evolu tion. Among the sceptered immortals Herbert Spencer holds high rank. I Magnet for Unloading Pig Iron. Pig iron Is pretty heavy stuff and it takes a lot of tedious, back-aching la bor to unload a car of it in the old : way, by hand. The modern method Is by the use of the electro-magnet at tached to a crane, which will pick up a ton of the heavy pieces as easily as a man could one. It Is said that the ordinary cost of handling a ton of pig Iron by hand la bor Is from five to eight cents, depend ing upon the “carry.” The lifting magnet will do the work for half a cent per ton and Isn’t half as apt to go on a strike. When current Is turned on the mag net literally grabs a mouthful of the Iron chunks. The Instant the cur rent Is switched off the magnetism de parts and the magnet drops its load. Big Electrical Investment. There are in use In the United States 5,500,000 telephones, represent ing $550,000,000 capital, or about $100 for each telephone. There are in this country 40,247 miles of electric rail ways using 89,210 cars and capitalized at $4,557,000,000. There are 0,000 cen tral stations, costing $1,250,000,000 earning $250,000,000 a year and devel oping 2,500,00 horse power. In all about $6,000,000,000, an authority says, Is invested In the electrical business j In the United States. This is equal to about $75 for every man, woman and child in the •ountry—and all in 30 years. The Straw Itch. Handlers of -Straw and those who sleep on straw mattresses run a new danger, which Is pointed out to the public in the federal government’s health bulletin. The “straw' itch’’ which may attack them is due to a small straw Infesting mite. While the j mite devours the parasites which or- j dinarily would damage grain, it may attack the handler. Within twelve hours after exposure, itching appears, followed shortly by an eruption. A ZULU MISSIONARY WORKER. Native Convert Who Led Many of His Tribe to Belief in Christianity. Mrs. Amy It. Cowles of the Ameri can board Zulu mission .ms written an interesting story of a white-headed na tive who for ;’>n years , tniggled between the heathen rites of his early life and the religion of Christianity, and on his deathbed was the m-uns of converting many of tiis tribe. Dweshula was loved by everybody in his tribe because he loved every body. In times of famine It was he who used to send tils cows to the poor to be milked for food for the babies; It was he who used to yoke up his 14 : oxen and cart a load of corn up to the famishing without charge, and it was he who would occasionally give up his beer, wash off his paint, take off his skin aprons and put on shirt, trousers and coat and mingle with Christian people. A year or two before hts recent death lie embraced Christianity, gave up his beer and five of tils six wives' and provided houses and a comfortable support for those Horn whom ho sep arated. When dying ,ie called all the members of his tribe, told them how lie had fought for years to become a Christian and exhorted them all to be come so when he was gene. Now the men are cutting off thoir hoadrlngs, adopting the clothing of civilization, tearing down their mud huts and put ting up decent houses and coming to "love Dweshula’a God," while the school children have Increased so rap idly that a second teacher ts Impera tively needed all showing the effi ciency of a native Christian as u nils slonary. SIRUP ON MONTANA ROADS An Idea That Grew Out of the Experi ment Made on a Tennis Court. A scheme for improving the roads of the state by sprinkling them with a sirup which Is a refuse In the manufacture of granulated sugar from sugar beets will tie submitted to the good roads convention and is being widely discussed in I Ids section, writes a Hillings correspondent of tho I .os Angeles Times. The idea of using refuse sirup on roads grew out of an experiment made by one of the tennis clubs here. When tlie court was laid out the dust caused considerable annoyance, also tlie fact that witli every rain tho soil was picked ui) by the shoes of tlie tennis players. In looking about for a cheap hinder one member suggested refuse sirup. It answered the purpose admirably. When mixed with salt and poured over I lie ground to a deptlt of several Inches tlie ground was rendered im pervious to water and the dust was entirely eliminated. It worked virtu ally us well without salt. "It is believed that If tlie country roads are properly graded, rolled and copiously sprinkled with this refuse sirup ttiey could he kept in fair con dition with two such treatments a year at a cost trifling when compared with oil. Old Warships as Forts. The disposition of about thirty ships, which have been made prac tically obsolete as modern fighting ships by the rapid development in the construction of naval vessels and the Increased efficiency of the more re cent guns, lias confronted the navy de partment with a perplexing problem. The July number of Popular Mechan ics offers the following Interesting so lution: "The use of a few pf the ves sels as training ships will undoubted ly dispose of some of them, but that helps only a little. The suggestion which sounds (ho most practical of any Is the utilization of the more pow erful ships as forts, stationing some of them in the approaches of impor tant harbors, and planting others on convenient resting places such as small islands, at the mouths of har bors. Where no such places are available it has been proposed to con struct islands around them." ' - i Select Society. Jack was sitting on the front ver anda one summer evening, when Fido ran into the street to greet another dog. Fido’s family very excitedly called him In. Jack looked on seri ously a moment, then said: "1 wouldn't like to be Fido, mamma.” “Why?” asked his mother. “They don't allow him to associate with any other dogs. Why," continued Jack, “they don't allow him to asso ciate with himself.”—Delineator. Preservation of Flour. A new method of preserving flour has recently been adopted with sue cess lu England. It Is done by means of compression. With hydraulic np paratus the flour Is squeezed Into the form of bricks, ami the pressure de stroys all forms of larval life, thus preserving the flour from the ravages of insects, while It ts equally secure from mold. Three hundred pounds of compressed flour occupy the same space as 100 pounds In the ordinary state. A Shipwrecked Baby A large Spanish steamer, the Felix de Abasalo of Bilbao, laden with coals from Newcastle to Genoa, went ashore at Alderney during the fog one morning recently. No lives were lost The captain and engineer's wives, one with a babe in arms, landed on 'he islet.—London Dally Mail CITY MAN IN THE COUNTRY How Hi* World Was Widened by a Chat With a Kindly-Faced Farmer. "I went out Into the country the other day la an automobile just to get away from business. I was siek of four walls and a ceiling. 1 w'as long lug for the open fields. In the coun try you do not ask the name of tho farmer trudging along; his face Is kindly and you speak to hint anyway. "1 gave the first I saw a lift for a tulle or two and we gossiped famil iarly. 1 had left a world of work and worry lie seemed to he content. 1 had thought my world most wide. His was full of wonders. He told me how to kill the smut In oats and now a na tion's welfare hangs upon the price of corn, pig iron and pork. We sat down on a log. "He told me things you cannot read In books and showed me where far beyond the hills his realm begins and where a mile beyond the green his do minion ends We chatted on till twi light when I rode slowly back to town to take up lighter tasks than his; (hough mine seemed ponderous bo fore." SPIDER ON THE FACE VEIL Latest Freakish Novelty for Woman’s Adornment Which Has Been Offered by Paris. The spider beauty spot veil la the latest novelty offered to women. Of course It originated In Paris. It la a copy of a spider In black chenille and is posed outside the veil. It la almost an Inch and a half in diameter. The veil is worked In Imitation of a spi der's Well. The veils which have been popular this season so far have been disfigur ing enough with their leaves, Insects, birds, aeroplanes and senrllka con ventional patterns as part of the mesh, but they all sink Into insignificance beside the web veil with its spider ndm nnient. Late Novelty In Jewelry. The latest jewelry novelty in Ger many Is a special type of ring for di vorced and widowed persons. The claims set forth for these carious in novations In rings are that they save the wearers, especially the feminine sex, from embarrassing or painful ex planations and delicately Inform other Interested persons of their circum stances. The designs are but slightly differ ent from the ordinary ring and the difference is not so marked but that they can be displayed or concealed at will. The divorcee's ring Is of gold with a broad strip of platinum or sil ver set in, so that the ring shows a white stripe, indicating that the mar riage has been annulled and the ring divided. Still another ring for the di voreee has two opposing half moons and looks very much like an ordinary signet ring. The ring for widows has a half covered full moon. The Height of Kings. , A remarkable feature about the physiques of reigning European inon archs is that they are nearly all short er than their consorts. King George V. is several inches shorter than Queen Mary. The German empress Is a trifle taller than the kaiser, who always insists on the empress sitting down when they are photographed to gether. Oznr Nicholas II. looks quite small by the side of the czarina. Al fonso of Spain Is n head shorter than Queen Victoria Eugenie, «ud the king of Italy hardly reaches to thd shoul der of Queen Helena. The queSU A*t' Denmark, too, is a pood deal talk''’ than her husband. Exceptions to the rule are the king of Norway and the new king of Belgians. Tile latter Is six feet two inches in height and tne tallest king of Europe. Concrete Fence Posts. As a material for fence posts con crete has been found to possess few of the disadvantages of wood, to have practically all its advantages, and to be superior In some respects to tim ber. The first cost may be more or less than the best wooden posts, but that depends on local conditions. If manufactured aR usual and cured for three months concrete posts are as good as the best wooden posts. After three years wooden posts possess only one-third to one half of their original strength, whereas concrete grows stronger with age and needs no repairs, ns neither weather nor Are injures It. The Credit System. A South side woman makes frequent purchases at a near-by drug store, and always has them charged. She often takes her five-year-old daughter with her. One day recently the child made her way to the store alone, walked in, picked up the pro prietor's cat and started for the door. "Here you have my cat," called out the druggist. "Charge It.” said the child, and kept on going. At last accounts she still Lad the cat.—Kansas City Post. No Danger of That. Mrs. Stubbs—John, no true man will smoke up his wife’s curtains. Mr. Stubbs—I should say not. Any body that smokes curtains would be a freak. I prefer cigars. The Shocking Part. "What do you find particularly shocking at that play?” "The people I saw in the audience whom 1 had hitherto regarded as se date and conservative people.”