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THE FALLS CITY TRIBUNE , FRIDAY , FEBRUARY 9 , 1906.
THE SUNNY SLOPE FARM
F. A. HUMHEL , Prop.
MMM HMBH MM H MBM
Breeder of D. S. Polled Durham and Shorthorn cattle. Hulls ready for scr-
rice of Scotch ami Criiickshank breed , for sale. Kiirnl Koute No. 2. Porter
Mutual Telephone 2U , Humboldt , Neb. Mention this paper when writing.
The Falls City Roller Mills
Docs a. general milling business , and manufactures the
following brands of flour
SUNFLOWER MAGNOLIA CROWN
The above brands arc gnnrantccd to be of the highest pos-
siblc quality. We also manufacture all mill products and
conduct a general
Grain , Live Stock and Coal Business
and solicit a share of your patronage
P. S. Heacock & Son , Falls City , Neb.
ITHE DAISY
Jf
*
-
) „
JUST THE THING
You need it. It is the easiect running ; machine on the
market and we can save you money. Don't fail to see them.
We have just received a car of
MOON BROS. BUGGIES
We are crowded for room and for the next sixty days ,
make you a very close price on buggies and surries. We
also carry a big stock of Keys Bros , buggies and surries.
We have the biggest and best lines to select from. Don't
fail to see them and get our prices. We also carry a big
line of pumps , tanks , windmills and gas engines in stock
and can save you money in this line.
Remember we are agents for the W. C. Shinn Pure
Soft Copper Cable Lightning Rod , the only rod you can get
cheaper insurance on. Give us a trial. Yours Truly ,
WERNER , MOSIMAN & Co.
C. H. flARION
AUCTIONEER ,
Sales conducted in
scientific and busi
nesslike m a n n e r
*
C. H. MARION
1 Falls City , Nebraska
4 >
SHIELDS' CAFE
GEO. SHIELDS , Proprietor
Open Night and Day. Oysters
a Specialty Everything Hot
One block east of Cleveland's Store
| A. E. Wolfe
j , Osteopathic Physician
1 Oflicc over Lyford's store. Residence
til National Motel
{ !
j Office I'honc 267 Residence 1'lione 156
3 FALLS CITY NEBRASKA
1 New Candy Store s
Q 9
< | Offers Home Made g
5 Candy fresh each day. g
3 The best , purest and 3
§ freshest for Whole-
| sale and Retail trade , o
S One door north of 3
9 Hargraue & Hargrave 3
I The Falls City |
1 Candy Kitchen |
Missouri Pacific Railway
Time Table , Falls City , Neb.
NORTH
No. 105 Omaha and Lincoln
Express A 1:57 : a in
No. 103 Omaha and Lincoln
passenger A 1:30 p in
No. 191 Local Freight , Au
burn A 1:00 p in
SOUTH
No. 106 Kansas City and St.
Louis and Denver A 3:10 a m
No. 108 Kansas City and St.
Louis and Denver A 1:30 : p : n
No. 192 Local , Atchison. . 10 : 15a in
No. 164 Stock Freight , Hi
awatha A 10:20'p : m
A. Daily. 15. Daily except Sunday.
J. IJ. VAKNHK , Agent.
DR. O. H. KENT
Graduate American School of
Osteopathy , KirkBvllle , Mo.
Examination and Consultation Free
Hours : 9 to 12 a m ; 1 to 4 p in
Olliec at residence , Stone street , second
block north o ( court house.
PALLS CITY - - NI : HABKA
Cures Colds ; Prevents Pneumonia
ANNOUNCEMENT I
„ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ 1 _ _ _ < , ; ? > >
Eaving hcctired the oxeln- <
sivo agency in Falls City for fj
Sycamore Springs Mineral
Water , we are ptepart'd 10 < |
furnish customers wiih the
the eanip. Price GO cents per 4,1
five gallon cask. Call phone %
180 or phone 3D. %
4
PRANK GIST |
C. P. REAVISJr. ' *
The Tribune
The Newspaper with the big
circulation. Enough said.
FULL INVESTIGATION IS INVITED
The A , B , C of Roadmaking.
In sections of the United States
\vlierethereisless than twenty-
live inches of rainfall there is no
road problem worthy of consider
ation. Road making in those
sections means reducing the
grades , constructing bridges over
streams , and drainage where
roads cros i sloughs which carry
an abnormal supply of water for
that section. In heavy clay soils
such as southern Iowa , and cen
tral Illinois and Indiana , where
the rainfall varies from thirty to
forty inches , and over , there will
always be , until the road problem
is solved in a practical way , mud
and misery at certain seasons of
the year ; and. fortunately ) under
these conditions mud and misery
mean also money. In short deep ,
rich soils , whether prairie or
alluvial , with a rainfall of twen
ty-five inches , always bring to
their possessors a very serious
road problem.
The common cause of bad roads
in the prairie country with a nor
mal rainfall is water uncontrolled.
Hence the first consideration is
drainage , either side drainage or
under drainage , as nature with
holds rainfall , as in periods of
prolonged drouth , we have no bad
roads. The road perpetually
roofed would be always good ,
barring , perhaps dust. Hence no
matter what kind of road you
propose to make in humid fertile
sections , the first consideration is
drainage. Ordinarily side drain-
gc is sufficient , the depth of the
drains on the sides being deter
mined by the fall available and
by the amount of water that
naturally Hews in from the roll
ing lands adjoining.
In Iowa and Missouri and some
parts of Illinois the water that
gives the most trouble is that
which seeps out of the hillsides.
This seepage is caused by the
existence of a bed of clay through
which the water cannot readily
pass and hence must rush on lat-
erlally ; and if this occurs in the
road we have a bad road prob
lem. The remedy for this is tile
drains laid far enough above the
seepy places to carry off the
water that seeps in and turn it
into the ditch. Fortunately , the
dirt removed from the side ditch ,
if properly handled , elevates the
roadbed. There are cases where
tile under the road bed may bt
practical , but they are rare.
When they are used it is not for
the purpose of draining the sur
face of the road but to remove
the water under the rosd bed to
the depth of three or four feet ii
order to prqvent the movement ol
water upward bv the capilar }
action , and the breaking up ol
the road in time of frost.
Proper drainage and grading
are absolutcl } " essential , no mat
ter what kind of surface covering
is to be used. There are section !
in Illinois and Iowa where stir
covering is so cheap and so wel
adapted to the purpose that luri
roads are practible. They arc
not practible in sections of ! !
Hnois , Indiana , Missouri am'
Iowa , for the reason that neither
rock nor gravel are available
But no matter how available or
how cheap this surfading mater
ial may be , it is absolutely use
less to undertake to apply it tin
til the water has been taken care
of and the road graded up.
Farmers in these sections are
therefore compelled to make the
very best use they can of the
common clay or dirt of the road
side. We say "clay or dirt , " not
"soil , " because soil agricultural
soil , soil in which great crops of
corn is not only of no use but
an absolute damage to any road
bed ever made. Fortunately ,
most of the roads in the territory
mentioned have Ueen laid out and
traveled for thirty , forty , fifty
and sixty years. This travel has
exhausted the humus and left
a road bed of the cl. y peculiar to
country. The heavier the clay
and the less amount of vegetable
matter the more easy it is to
make a good road bed by the
method which we will hereafter
describe.
The best method u t devised
for keening roads of this char
acter in wood condition , better
condition than farmers ever
dreamed of , is the road drag. By
the drag we do not mean a har
row , but what has come to be
known as the road drf g , which
can be made very easily and in
various ways. The best form of
which we have any knowledge is
made of white cedar or tamarack
fence posts eight inches thick
and about seven feet long. Where
this is not available , any kind of
soft wood will answer box elder
or cottonwood , or. where this is
not available , ordinary two inch
plank or any other light wood.
Where a post or telephone pole
or log is used , it should be split
in too , so as to make two halves
the length of the post. These
should be placed on edge thirty
inches apart , held together with
iron rods or pinned together se-
urely with some hard wood.
| Aive feet of the front piece at the
ight hand side looking toward
he team , should be faired with a
iece of iron or steel , which
hould not project more than one-
ighth or one onatter itiv.li at
lie most below the edge. At-
icli a log chain , and hitch a
earn of heavy slow moving
orscs to this in such a way as to
ive the drag an angle of forty
ve degrees , put on a couple of
oards on the cross pieces and
et on yourself. You arc then
eady for business.
Eegin in front of your own
touse. Co to your neighbors
jate iu the direction of town.
Do this when the roads are mud-
y. Pass along one rut going
ne way , and come back along
he other. Then do it again and
uit for that day. What have
on done ? You have filled up
he ruts , smothed down the
otigh places , allowed the water
o run off into the ditch , in which
here must be , as stated above ,
iitflicient fall to carry it off.
You have allowed the sun to
nine on this smooth road and the
> vinds to blow over it , with the
result that it dry off twenty four
ionrs sooner than a similar piece
of road not treated. Teaim * pass-
ng over it will compact it , rongh-
ng it up some of course. Wait
: ill the ne.\t r.iin , and svhen the
oad begins to dry go over it
igain ; and so on during the sum
ner season , and especially during
the fall and during the spring
when the road has been frozen
and thaws off % to the depth o
half an inch. This is all there is
to the road drag.
No man will believe how elTcct-
ve it is until lie tries it , nor will
he fully appreciate its efficiency
until he tries it year after year.
There are some things ; however ,
which it will not do. It will not
make a good road where there is
: iot sufficient drainage. It will
lot make a good road out of sand ,
for the reason that sand does not
make stilT ? mud ; neither will it
nake a good road where the soil
s peaty and does not have enough
clay to pack it to get her. It will
not work among stones or stumps ,
lor will it work effectively where
the roads aie covered witli grass.
It will however , prevent grass
from growing in the road bed.
We speak in tins not from
theory , but from a good deal of
observation and experienc. A
little over a 3'ear ago we became
thoroughly convinced of the effi
ciency of this drag , which , by the
way , is not a thing newly dis
covered. It was used in certain
countries in New York state in
1837. It was tried in nortli-
westcrn Iowa twenty years ago ,
but failed because the roads had
not been graded up nor the grass
removed. We persuaded the
Northwestern Railroad Company
in Iowa , which has lines through
the very muddiest portions of the
state , to start a special train ,
visit some fifteen counties , make
a dragon the spot , and give r
demonstration of its efficiency. .
So thoroughly converted were it :
superintendents and other officials
Ise
as well as the supervisors of th , <
various counties , that there , an
now thousands of farmers using
this drag. Wherever it has been
used according to directions the
result has been better roads than
the' most enthusiastic farmers
ever dreamed to be within human
possibility.
The philosophy of it is exceed
ingly simple , and in harmony
with the theories of all good
road builders , no matter what
the material used. All road en
gineers agree that the first thing
is drainage , the second grading.
They further agree that the road
bed should have the minimum of
vegetable matter , and be in its
character as different as possible
from the cultivated field. The
cultivated field requires humus in
large quantities in order to keep
the soil in the best possible physical -
sical condition for growing crops.
The highway requires the mini
mum of humus material in order
that it may be in the best possible
physical condition for travel. All
good road builders agree that the
material placed upon the road
should be as uniform as possible
in character , and , furthermore ,
that it should bo put on in layers
and a little at a time.
On a road traveled for thirty
or forty years the humus is prac
tically exhausted. You could
not grow corn on it if you tried to
do so. The drag will fill up ruts
and smooth it so as to let the
water run off , the sun to shine on
it , and the winds to blow ever it ,
and carries a small amount of
dirt thoroughly mixed together
and puddled into the middle of
the road , thus maintaining and
increasing the grade. II this is
kept up from year to year the
covering of puddled dirt will be
come so thick that the winter
rains and snows will penetrate it
but two or three inches , and
hence there will be no frost tote
to conic out , no "breaking up" of
the road in the spring. There
will be no cold storage of water
under the road bed , and hence
there can be no upheaval of the
roads , for this upheaval , or what
is called the "going out of the
frost,1' is simply the result ol
cold storage of water during
the winter seasons.
We have gone to some trouble
to ascertain the cost of maintain
ing by the use of the road drag
roads that have been previously
drained , graded , and traveled.
The annual cost of making the
road better than any road we
have , except asphalt , during
eight or nine months of the year
is from three to five dollars per
mile , provided the dragging is
done by farmers along their own
farms , allowing them from thirty
to fifty cents per hour for the
cost of gravel or macadam road ,
and is even less than the cost of
maintaining these roads after you
have secured them. The cost as
shown b ) * government investiga
tions , maintaining the macadam
roads in the eastern states is from
ten dollars a mile upwards. The
cost of maintaining Irish roads
; s from thiny to one hundred 1
and five dollars per mile. This
was a great surprise , but the
data furnished is from the con
tracts actually made by tin-
county authorities for the main
taining of these roads on a five-
year contract. The more a coun
try is subject to prolonged drouths
the greater is the difficulty of
maintaining macadamized roads ,
for the rcasdu that long con
tinued dry weather during the
summer season shrinks the bind
ing from the rock , the wind blows
out the finer portions , and the
iir
result is what is called by our
government engineers a "ravell
ed" road , that is , a road covered
with loose stones , which must be
removed before it can be made fit t
for travel. Therefore , except
ite
perhaps in the vicinity of largt
cities , where there is a verj
heavy hauling and where it is
isd
possible to keep the macadamize :
roads sprinkled , the dirt roai
made as above described is no
only the cheapest road possibli
Isbut the best.
There are many things abou
e ! the use of the drag which can
not be taught by tongue or pen ;
they must be learned by practical
experience. In this , however ,
it does not differ from anything'
else worth having. Even the
precepts of religion arc entirely
useless to any man unless he puts
them into practice , The same
may be said of an agricultural
education. The same may also
be said of the art of farming or
any other profession known
among men. No man can poss
ibly realize the benefits of this
method until he actually makes
his drag and then uses it , ami
uses it from year to year. Wherc-
cver this method is adopted pro
vision should be made by law
that the farmers who does the
roads shall receive compensation.
Dr. J. L. Candy Arrested.
On Thursday last while Dr.
, f. L. Candy was looking after a
case in the district court in ses
sion in this city , that interested
him , the sheriff of Nemaha
county appeared with a warrant
for his arrest The gist of the
trouble is given in the State
.Journal of the Del hist. , us fol
lows :
Dr. ,1. L. Gaudy of llumboldt ,
Fred 0. Hawxby a lawyer of
Auburn and two young men.
named Heed were arrested this
week on a charge of conspiracy
to obstruct justice.
Dr. J. L. Gaudy was removed
from llumboldt to Auburn on
Thursday to face trial with the
rest of the defendants. This
arrest arose over the Gandy-
Bissell case which has been in
the courts for the last seven
years. It has been tried once
in the county court , twice in the
district court and twice in the
supreme court and is now on
the court docket for trial again.
W. 0. Bissell died in 1897 ,
leaving B20 acres of land near
llumboldt which he bad deeded
to nn association in Chicago ,
sometime after this J. L. Candy
filed a note of iiGOO against
this land. This note had , it
appears , been running for six
years without anything having1
been paid upon it. The admin ,
islrator of the Bissell estate
contested the note as fradulent
and alleged that Bissell never
owed it. A minister G. W.
Haw ley of Auburn who had
had .1 settlement with Gaudy of
all Bissell's affairs is the main
witness.
The particulars as they devel
oped this week seem to indicate
that two brothers named Reed ,
at the instance of Candy , got
into communication w i t h a
preacher named Fisher. Fisher
was instructed to go to the
home of Rev. Ilawley at Auburn
and get accjuainted with him
and get on the good s de of him
so that he could hear the con
versations which Candy waste
to instruct Fisher to swear to.
According to instructions Fish ,
er came to Auburn and hung1
around seveml days , until he
got ficared and then he went tea
a lawyer's office and detailed
the whole story and asked his
advice. Tlawxby was a candi
date for county judge in this
county several years ago and is
well known here. The charge
against Uawxby , AVIO was made
a defendant in the suit , has
been dismissed.
We are sick of this everlasting
gush about Alice Roosevelt and
Congressman Longsworth. Of
course they are entirely and suffi
ciently in love but so are thous
ands of other worthy young men
and women. The newspapers
should let up on its daily story of
the billing and cooing of Alice
and "Nick. " It makes us sick.
Poultry , Poultry , Poultry.
Remember 13. 13. James pays top
prices on poulto' , butter , eggs
d and hides. Located one block
(1t west of the National Bank in the
t Stump building. Phone 290.
The most reliable preparation for
kidney troubles on the market is
lit I Polo y Kidney Cure. For sale nt
n- I Moore's Pharmacy.