fcv
I How a Grei
i
War Is Ended
Novel Phaes of the Portsmouth Peace
Conference What Spain and France
Paid In Defeat J pn
Versus China-
many respects the meeting of the
IN Russian and Japanese peace en
voys in the city of Portsmouth is
unique In his oflicial stateineut
on landing in this country Count Ser
gius Witte the head of the Russian
peace commission said
The terms must first bo ascertained
weighed and judged admissible by Russia
before she can proceed to formal negotia
tions liitherto as you are aware it was
customary in cases like this to settle all
such preliminaries before the meeting of
the plenipotentiaries whose task it was
to come to a final agreement on the mat
ters under discussion Now the very fact
that his majesty the czar consented to
take a course involving departure from
this ancient diplomatic usage and to ap
point a mission to learn the nature of our
brave enemys terms is an eloquent token
of the friendly feeling which ho and hl3
subjects continue to cherish toward the
people of the United States
This is the first time that a peace
commission has met in the United
States to settle a war between nations
of the old world The meeting is in a
sense one of the fruits of The Hague
peace conference which was Initiated
by the present Russian emperor The
conference and the arbitration methods
It put in force provided for ending
wars through the good offices of friend
ly powers and President Roosevelt in
bringing about the negotiations now in
progress proceeded on these lines As
JI Witte said the meeting is a depar
ture from previous customs and the
ancient diplomatic usage That Amer
ica should be the place for holuing such
a meeting and putting into application
some of the principles formulated at
The Hague is considered especially ap
propriate The war is one of the most
important wars waged in modern
times and if the negotiations for Its
cessation prove successful the treaty
of peace resulting therefrom will not
only be of interest in itself but from
the precedent which it will set
When the United States had beaten
Spain to a standstill in 1S96 had cap
tured her entire army in Cuba and an
nihilated her navy In the battles of
Manila Bay and Santiago Spain was
forced to sue for peace Overtures
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EQUIPMENT BUILDING PORTSMOUTH AND
UNITIID STATES STEAMSHIP DOLPHIN
were made by the dons through the
French ambassador at Washington a
protocol suspending hostilities was
signed Aug 12 and the peace commis
sioners of the respective countries met
at Paris Owing to the dilatory tactics
of the Spaniards it was Dec 10 1S9S
before the treaty was signed by the
commissioners and it was ratified by
the American senate on Feb G and
signed by the queen regent of Spain on
March 17 199 When in 1S94 the Jap
anese had overwhelmingly defeated the
Chinese a treaty of peace was con
cluded at Simonoseki and it was the
first peace treaty between oriental na
tions negotiated after the western
fashion By it Japan received an In
demnity of 200000000 and the island
of Formosa
When Germany beat France in the
war of 1S70 there was not much diplo
matic skirmishing The Germans laid
down hard terms and there was noth
ing for France to do but accept them
The original demand for indemnity
was 1200000000 and the Germans
obtained 1000000000 the largest war
indemnity paid by a nation in modern
times France also had to cede Alsace
and Lorraine to Germany There was
no formal treaty of peace between the
Federal and Confederate forces at the
close of the American civil war Lee
handed his sword to Grant and that
virtually terminated the struggle
Latin was formerly the language of
treaties between European nations-
Later when French became the lan
guage of diplomacy It was generally
used In the making of peace treaties
But International law permits each na
tion to use Its own language If desired
for treaties of whatever nature Eng
lish has often been used in recent
years and the treaty between Japan
and China was written in this lan
guage
The Portsmouth conference is unique
in that the commissioners are the of
ficial guests of a country that has no
direct interest in the termination of
the war Troops and marines guard
them warships convoy and do them
honor two fine government yachts are
at their service a governor a rear
admiral and an assistant secretary of
tate look after their ctfmfort a big
naval building Is fitted up especially
as an arena for their diplomatic com
bats and the management of a great
summer hotel boards them free of
charge
X3l
P Elf
Those who nv accustomed to ridi
cule present day scientists because of
their fondness for big words said the
etymologist will find tliem much
more moderate in the concoction of
words than the old timers
For Instance I have just come
across the account of a scientific trea
tise published in the seventeenth cen
tury that contains words even much
more cumbersome than Its title which
by the way is Panzoologicomineralo
gia a good mouthful surely yet the
meaning Is easily ascertained when the
word Is reduced to its component
parts
The list of long titles that were
then favorites would cause the modern
book clerk a spasm yet the list could
be gone into Indefinitely A play in
blank verse published in the latter part
of the seventeenth century had as its
alluring title Chrouonhotonthologos
and this was the opening sentence
Aldeborontiphoscophornio where
left you Chronouhotonthologos
If the modern mouthing actor can
hardly get simple Anglo Saxon words
over the footlights how could he get
along with that morsel V New York
nerald
Great Writers Not Correct Writcrn
There is not a single great author in
our literature in whose works numer
ous errors have not been pointed out
or thought to be pointed out They are
charged with violating rules involving
the purity if not the permanence of the
language A somewhat depressing in
ference follows from the situation thus
revealed The ability to write English
correctly does not belong to the great
masters of our speech It is limited to
the obscure men who have devoted
themselves to the task of showing how
far these vaunted writers have fallen
short of the ideas of linguistic propri
ety entertained by their unrecognized
betters As a result of these critical
crusades there is no escape from the
dismal conclusion that the correct use
of the language Is not to be found in
the authors whom every one reads
with pleasure but is an accomplish
ment reserved exclusively for those
whom nobody can succeed in reading
at all Professor Thomas R Louns
bury in Harpers Magazine
Si irrelii Art Hncly
The handiness of the squirrel Is
something extraordinary in the animal
world He sits up on his hind paws
and uses the fore paws in many ways
just as a man does He strikes with
it and wards off a blow from another
and squirrel quarrels rarely go fur
ther than attempts to cuff each other
like children A lady who lives in our
county and who is the protector of
squirrels in that region told me that
she had contrived a little rack to be
filled with nuts so that they came to
the opening singly one dropping Into
the place as another was taken out
and this was fixed by her window so
that she could watch the squirrels
come One day a squirrel took the
last nut and was quietly eating it on
the window bench when another came
and finding none in the rack went up
to the eating squirrel and gave him a
deliberate box on the ear and went
away W J Stillman in Century
Eyeglasses and Romance
It is curious to observe that even the
greatost realists do not venture to be
stow eyeglasses on their heroines It
is rather odd too seeing how many
charming women do in real life wear
them and are not debarred by them
from the most dramatic careers and
the most poignant emotions but while
the modern novelist has bestowed eye
glasses on everybody else he has not
yet had the hardihood to put them on
the nose of his heroine Why Mrs
John Lane in London Outlook
Incarnate Umbrellas
AVe English of course get what we
call hardened to horrible climatic
changes Nevertheless I am convinced
that our solemnity of demeanor is gen
erated by our gray skies our piercing
east winds our heavy yellow fogs and
our slushy roads and pavements The
waterproof face is the direct result of
a firmament of lead Many of us Eng
lish people look like incarnate umbrellas--London
Queen
Good Reason
Marie who never knew her lessons
was speaking of one of her little
schoolmates who always stood at the
head of her classes I should like to
be the father of such a little girl said
Maries papa wishing to point a
moral No you wouldnt papa
said Marie Why not asked papa
Because her father has been dead two
years said Marie
One Sided
Mr T I think I shall give up my
business my dear I might as well
have some enjoyment out of my
money Mrs T Oh not yet Samuel
But when one of us dies I intend to give
up housekeeping and see a little of the
world Illustrated Bits
A Reflection
Daisy Why was Maude Oldgirl so
angry about her photographs Didnt
they flatter her Maisie Oh they
were as pretty as the artist could make
them but on the back of each one it
said The original of this picture Is
carefully preserved
Strategy
The minister Avho had difficulty in
keeping his parishioners eyes fixed on
him during the sermon solved the diffi
culty by placing a large clock directly
behind him Liverpool Mercury
The Difference
Freddie Whats the difference be
tween being sick and an invalid
Cobwigger An invalid my boy is one
who makes those around him sick
Harpers Bazar
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This is weather to naturally remind
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See Coleman
imberlains
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