A signal code is the language of ships at sea. If the cruisers of the United States navy were to lose their power of speaking to one another the effect upon the navy would be disastrous. Speech at sea between warships Is as necessary as speech on land between mortals. For years and years experts 'Have been at work getting up a sys tem of ship signals by which vessels could communicate with each other quickly and perfectly , but up to date no perfect system has been devised. There Is not on the face of the earth oren on the se. ? . a perfect system of ship sig naling. There are In existence a great many signals which are In constant use , but all these have their imperfec tions. Some are faultier than others. The great obstacle in the way of ship signaling is the distance. There are a great many signals which arc good within eyesight , but as soon as the eye sight fails the signals become useless. In case of a fog a great many systems aie thrown out ; othe j become useless at night ; other systems have to be dis- carcd because they depend wholly up on color and color is extremely apt to fall when most needed. The eyes are deceived by the rapid flashing. Flag systems are very good , but in case of a calm the flags hang limp and then even the flag system is useless. This ie , however , about the most efficacious of all and is in general use all over the world. Secret Coilog. When Capt. Sigsbee's Maine was blown up the captain's first thought was for his private signal cotie. This is in the captain's cabin of every cruis er and is kept under lock and key. This secret signal cede is printed in a book , the covers of which are weighted with lead. In an engagement at sea if the vessel is about to be captured the cap tain or the next officer thinks of the signal code , gets it out and drops it overboard. It fulls like lead to the bpt- tom of the sea and the enemy does not vent a signal code It may be interest ing to give the principles completes : 1. Code ought to be comprehensive and clear and not expensive. 2. It ought to provide for not less than 20,000 distinct signals , and hould besides be capable of designating not leas than 50,000 ships with power of extension If required. 3. It should express the nature of the signal made by the combination of the signs employed , and the more im portant signals should be expressed by the more simple combinations. 4. A signal should not consist of morft- than four flags or symbols at one hoist. 5. A signal should be made complete in one hoist , in one place. C. Signals should have the same meaning wherever shown. 7. The signal book should be ar ranged numerically and alphabetically. 8. The code should be so framed as to be capable of adaptation for inter national communication. The International code is undeniably good. It is used by men-of-war in com municating with each other. It is a good all-round system. Our 1'rivate .Si i Every navy has its own signals , by which it can talk without being undeV- stood by strangers. It was this piivate set of signals which caused Capt. Sigs- bee so much worriment after the Maine wa blown up. Our own pet signal sys tem is the wig-wag , which is the be. t known of all sea signals. It is done by wig-wagging a flag from right to left , from left to right , from front to back , and from back to front. It is generally operated by the hand , but when distant wig-wagging is done it is operated by means of a very large me chanical arm. Our navy adopts the Meyer code of signaling. This is the code used by private yachts and by many people in country places who de sire to communicate with each other "HEAVE TO OR I FIRE , " THE INTERNATIONAL CODE THAT IS USED BY UNCLE SAM WHEN HE WANTS TO SPEAK "FRpNCII. " hold of It. Fortunately , Capt. Sigs- bee found the signal code safe in the cabin or what remained of the cabin of the Maine. There it was , wet but perfect. If it had been lost at sea it v/ould have necessitated the making of a new code for the entire United States navy. Some years ago an internation al signal code was adopted by which ail vessels on the high seas could speak to each other. This code is of such a nature that it can be read by English. French , German , Spanish , Italian or Russian sailers without trouble. They do not need to know any other lan guage than their own in order to read the code. This international code con sists of eighteen flags , as follows : One burgee , four pennants and thirteen square flags and in addition an answer ing pennant. The eighteen flags repre sent the consonants of the alphabet and l.v a combination of two , three cr four of these fags arbitrary sins are made which represent words and sentences of tbc rune signification in all languages. tettor Cod * . Letters r.re represented by the flags Jn ihe international code instead of numeraJs. Letters are adopted in or der lo make a more comprehensive code. If numerals were used only 11- 110 distinct signals could be made with u hoist of four flags , but with letters 78 642 distinct signals are possible with never more than four flags for a hoist. In deciding on this method the In ternational beard of eznsrts laid down 1hc following principles as the basis for the formation of an efficient code. As only have a standIng - the United States to all v/ho care to in- Ing offer open and who do not own a telephone. At sea in a private yacht the wig-wag i-3 used to communicate with the yacht- houses on land , or with friends ashore , or even with passing vessels. It can be done with a flag , a pocket handker chief. an oar , a broom or any imple ment. Here is the wig-wag code as generally understood on the small bodies ies of water of the United States. It is a good thing to preserve if you own a yacat or intend to own one : A 22 ; B 2112 ; C 12J ; D 222 ; E 12 ; F 2221 ; G 2211 ; 11 122 : I 1 ; J 1122 ; K 2121 ; L 221 ; M 1221 ; N 11 ; O 21 ; P 1212 ; Q 1211 : R 211 ; S 212 ; T 2 ; U 112 ; V 1222 ; W 1121 ; X 2122 ; Y 111 ; Z 2222 ; end of word 3 ; end of sentence 33. In adapting it to the use of the Unit ed States navy it is slightly changed for secret purposes. For instance. A can be known as 1222 , and so with other numbers. The letter which represent them is quite arbitrary , so that the sys tem' can easily be turned into a secret one. This code can be used by means of a winker light , quick flashes stand ing for the different numbers , or it tha blast-of-a whte- can be adapted to - tle. It is the simplest and most effec tive signal code known. Signal * . For night use the north Atlantic squadron uses an electric design called the ardols. This is operated by means of four double lanterns , one below the other , with two incandescent lights of fifty-six candle power each. The up per light in each lantern is red. The lights are connected to electric wires with a keyboard on which is marked all the letters of the alphabet. The slgna * operator can make brilliant at one touch all the colors necessary to make a de sired letter. For instance , Y , which in the wig-wag takes three swings of the flag , is shown instantly in the elec tric lights by three red lights , reading from top to bottom. Z would be shown by four white lights and W by red , red , white and red , reading from top down. This is very quick and can be depended upon in case of a fog or at a great dis tance. Beyond three miles the search light has to be used , which Is a slow , difficult method , but Is quite successful. The searchlight is generally operated by the wig-wag , as It can be easily turned from side to side. There Is a signal system which consists of sending up different colored stars , red , white , yellow and blue , which are shot Into the sky. These are read by a private signal system. It is doubtful if a per fectly satisfactory system of signals will ever be Invented. The trouble is with the elements. What is good in clear weather will not work in cloudy weather and the cloudy weather sig nals are too slow for fair weather. The system used in fog would not be possi ble in clear weather , and the wig-wag which is necessary in case of calm would net be necessary when the breezes blow. So , after all. the signal system is about as complete as it will ever be. It certainly enables Commo dore Schley to ask Admiral Sampson for orders and it enables Admiral Sampson to command the New York , Indiana , Iowa and all other good ships to attack the enemy at the right mo ment. FALSE PATRIOTISM. She t'Vlt Much us Do Many Orhers AYhcn Merely Looking On. "Ma .an' I went to see the soldiers go marching off , " said Johnnie , ac cording to the Lawrence American. "I tell you 'twas great fun to see 'em. Pa asked ma how she liked it , and ma said it made her feel real patriotic. She said she wished she was a man an' there wouldn't nobuddy ketch her staying to home such a time as this ; she said she would be off fightin' for her country every time. Pa said she needn't stay to home on account of bein' a woman , 'cause she could go as a nurse , just as lots of others were goin * . An' ma said that wasn't wh.it she wanted. She'd like to get right inter the thick of the battle , where bullets were whizzin' round an' can nons goin' off an' soldiers falling all round. An' pa laughed an' laughed. He said he'd just like to see ma in a place like that. An' he said out in ihe corner of the back room where his empty gun was standin' the dust was three inches thick , 'cause mji was.SJQ 'fraid o' that gun she didn't dare to git near enuf to it to sweep the floor up. An' pa said ma v/ould average seven teen fits a minute if she got in sight of a real battle , to say nothln' of what v/ould happen if she was right in it. And then pa laughed an' laughed , an' ma was mad , an * said there was times when pa acted like a regular Idiot. Beat tJio Drum at ' 95. Point Pleasant , W. Va. , special : Uncle Jack Greer , who has lived through four wars , viz. , the war of 1S12 , the Mexican war , the war of the rebellion and the Spanish-American war , was one of the central figures in the Dewey day parade. He is 95 years old , and played a drum in one of the bands of the procession. Ilorrlblo Thoughts. Maid Mem , the baby has gone off and nobody has seen him for an hour , and , mem , he left the gate wide open after him. Mistress Gracious ! Lefc the gate open ? Then Fide has prob ably run away , and just as like as not I shall never see the dear thing again. Lilerary Opening. After the war is over De Lome , Polo and Carrar.za can make money by is suing , a book entitled : "The Diplo matic Letter-Writer Every One His Own Undoing , " by those who know. Philadelphia Press. DEVIOUS DEFINITIONS. Hack-writer A sort of literary huck ster. Forgcttery Better than memory at times. Kiss A wireless telegraph message to the heart. Chatterbox The one occupied by a theater party. Kaleidoscope Another name for a woman's mind. Agreeable A person who always agrees with you. Hog An animal that gets right down to the root of things. Blunders In others synonymous with our own mistakes. Success The one road on the map that leads to popularity. Divorce The only difference between matrimony and alimony. Debt A trap that man baits , sets and then deliberately walks into. Quinine A bitter enemy of the ague j and one that's hard to shake. j Usurer The only man who takes too much Interest in his business. Dentist A man who looks down la the mouth when he has work. ; Chivalry That good old age wh n | people actually married for love. ] Argument Something that It takes a ' lot of to get lies well established. i Classical The kind of music one is supposed to like becauao it cornea high. Society A Punch and Judy shov. in which the figures are dollars instead of sense. R t | Advice Something that people relish only when it confirms their own opin ions. Chicago News. The total number of United "States vessels encircling Cuba Is seventy- seven. FIGHT UNDER WATER. VISIONARY SCHEMES FOR THE OCEAN'S BOTTOM. o Scnpo H-xttIc ! ils Cleaning the HulU of tlio Nat at FlRhljTH U Tliclr Valuable unel 2 erpni ary Work ow- The Dlvln" From the Washington Post : If Paul Jones in ghostly gtute wandem around the v..iraiip3 ! of cur new navy he must see many surpiising a Teas. ries to she fighting forces aa organized In his day. One noiel and useful ad > Htloa to the crew of a warship of the present t'.me is the submarine diver. The impor tance of tills individual to the welfare of a warship has been amply shown ( luring the recent operations against the Spanish fleets. Speed has heen Hit most important point in the maneuver ing during the opening events of the war , and this has rendered it neces sary for our ships to be in the best possible trim for fast work. As , ow ing to the lack of foresight on the part of those responsible , we are not pro vided with the necessary dry docks to enable us to clean the foul bottoms of our vessels when they come off a long voyage , it has been necessary to send divers down to do the work as betit they could. It has not been done well , but it has been the best kind of substitute that could be found for the proper article. When a ship goes into dry dock , and is scraped clear of the barnacles and sou- weed and rank growth that accumulat ed there during a sea voyage , and is then treated to a new coat of paint , she emerges from the dry dock as clean and fit as v/jjcn she made her maiden voyage. The submarine divers are able only to scrape away the barnacles and seaweed , and even then they are so handicapped by the heaviness and un handiness of their dre s that it is im possible to do the work in any but r clumsy and incomplete way. But good work or bad , the diver has become a necessary part of the ship's crew. Many warships carry one or more trained divers , and to attain to the rating of diver requires special Qualifications. Before being sent for training the man applying has to un dergo an extremely rigorous medical examination. The diving apparatus in use in our navy is a costly affair. The method of its working is simple. He is not a prepossessing sight , this monster with the huge head-dress and ihj glaring eyes , but his usefulness to the navy is immeasurable. He was wanted in a hurry , and unfortunately . . , . . i * „ „ } on jiand en the llaine went I iiu\vu into the mud of Havana harbor. I lie will be wanted in coming engage ments to patch holes in the sides of war craft , if these wounds mercifully fall short of being mortl ; he will as sist In wrecking operations when it Is found necessary to go fl&hing for the valuable poriion of a Spanish fleet's equipment after we have treated it as Dewcy treated the enemy's fleet at Ma nila ; he will be ready to help a United j States vessel out of a score of unfore seen troubles that may arise when the modern warship gets down to fighting that is not all one-sided. Theoretically , the submarine diver is a formidable aid in operations against the enemy. Whether or not he will be ? o in practice remains to be | seen. The theorists asert that the div- | cr can ! : e sent under water on dark nighls to grope his way into the mined entrances to harbors and cut the wires connecting the explosives with the shore : or they say he can attach mines to the keels of anchored war craft and explode the mines when he reaches a safe distance : cr he can saw the cables of anchored vessels and put their crews to great inconvenience , if not in a po sition of positive danger. There is scarcely any limit to the theorists' suggestions for using the sub marine diver as a means of offense in naval campaigns , but most of the plans are visionary , and it is probable that the most practical use to which the diver can be put is to clean and repair the ships of his own nation when it is necessary that the cleaning and re pairing be done extraneously and fa cilities are not at hand to dry dock the vessel. The limitations of the diving appar- nhis forbid any very dangerous of- f-ncfvp work be'ng done by the man who ( jcsc'Miris in it. He cannot wander Ice 'ar from his base of operations on ao'\TTif cf his dependence on the air supply , and the l-oat from which he is lowered rould not approach very near to a vessel or harbor in these days of searchlights without being discovered. It is posible , however , that daring souls will try the experiment before the pres ent war is over , and naval experts may have to find some way to guard against a new enemy of the invisible variety the submarine diver on blowing up purposes bent. Towlnjj a Wlinle. Among the bills paid out by the Bel fast ( Me. ) city government one reads : "Towing a whale , S5. " This refers to the dead whale that has been floating from shore to shore about Belfast bay. Finally the authorities hired a man and his steam launch to tow the whale out to sea. Remarkable I'ntrlotliin , There was a remarkable instance of patriotic action in City Hall park yes terday afternoon. The tramps who fre quent the park held a meeting and unanimously resolved that while the war continued they would use no cnstlle soap. New York Tribune. Don't Knorr. "Dearest , will you marry me , and -vcr be niy loving little wife ? " "I'll ' % e you wife. Ferdinand , but the rest -f the question you had better ask of a fortune-teller. " INDIAN WOMEN AS NURSES. Tliejr Have Not Only Skill and firi co but Gr' t Physical Knduruncc. "I never feel the least bit uneasy when I leave my case in the hands of one of these Indian women , " was the tribute just paid by a leading physician of Philadelphia to the young Indian women who have entered the field ol trained nursing , says the New York Tribune. While the public , as a gen eral rule , would hardly stop to consider that the profession of trained nursing requiring all the delicate attributes of womanhood , would be adapted to the daughters of wild and savage ancestry , the fact remains that Onclda , Ottawa , Wyandotte , and even Sioux girls , edu cated and trained , are showing most remarkable aptitude for the profession. Capt. H. R. Pratt , the superintendent of the Indian industrial school at Car lisle , Pa. , dcclarts , indeed , that the time is not far distant when Indian girla will be regarded by the medical profession at large as the moat suc cessful trained nurses in the country. Their first introduction into the hos pital training schools , after they had passed through a careful course of in struction at Carlisle , is due to the ef forts of Capt. Pratt , who believes the Indians have a future , and Is firmly of the opinion that as a class they are quite capable of entering the occupa tions of the white man or woman ; that their dwellings should no longer be in the woods or on the prairie exclusively , but also in the hives of industry cf the whites , the cities , the offices , the mills , the hospitals , and on the farms. All the training at the Carlisle school Is carried on with such an ultimate ob ject in view and with great success. The first instruction which the Indian girls who have been graduated aa trained nurses received in their profes sion was in the Indian school hos pital , where during this preliminary training , they showed such marked ability that they were sent to complete their training in the hospitals of Phila delphia. At present Miss Nancy Sene ca , a young full-blooded Indian maldsn , is studying at the Medlco-Chirugical hospital In that city. Miss Kate Grind- rod , a full-blooded Wyandotte Indian , who was educated at Carlisle , is one ol the most successful professional nurses. During the edideinic at Carlisle in 1890 and 1S01 she volunteered her services as a nurse , and succeeded so well that , acting upon the advice of physlciansshe entered the Woman's hospital at Phila delphia. Her services ara eagerly sought by many cf the leading families of that city. ln ju.ing ! : . ! is'i Nancy Seneca , vho .vill soon complete her course , eight Indian girls , who t'rst gradi'Ptert at Carlisle school , have dur ing the ! r t ic * * years become trained nurses ami are "ho .7 piobablv e ip joyed in independent practice. The first In dian wcir.an in the world to complete a ccurs ° in U r iiv.rS wjy ? iv .7 Nancy Cornelius , au Oueida. hue . .r- rived at the Carlisle school from the reservation in 1895 , and entered the second grade. Being of a delicate" con stitution she was obliged to pass much of her time in the school hospital for treatment , and , desiring some occupa tion , she soon became a competent as sistant to the nurse in charge. In Oc tober , 1888 , Miss Cornelius left Carlisle and went to the training school for nurses at Hartford , Conn. , where she graduated two years later. Since then she has lived in Hartford. Comment ing on Indian women as trained nurses a physician who had had much expe rience with them in his practice said : "Indian girls seem to possess every requisite to male an ideal trained nurse. They are remarkably intelli gent , and have nerve and great cour age : they never become flurried or ex cited , but ke u the r heads perfectly at the most trying and critical mo ments. They also , as a rule , possess considerable physical strength and great endurance ; withal they are kind and retentive , following out the doc' tor's directions to the letter. " Young America n AVer. An essay on ths present war between tlve United States and Spain , written by Paul Harper , the 6-year-old son of Wil liam Hudson Harper of Evanston , 111. , and printed in the Index , Is as follows : This war is prty sirius. and this is why it is. beekas at first you no the Spanish Minister swor at Muklnerly and did not apolugis fo- such a long time. And the next sirius thing ws the Msen. and I should lika to of seen that grate ek- splotion. And then the Starvelng Cyo- bens are prty sirius to. And now wo have beegun the war and many brave comrades will dide for ther country. Prhaus ther will not b > e a man in the town , and meay a mnther will mourn for her husbands. Ded lay they on the batlfld , and ther stand ther muthers weeping for ther huznans. They take the wamled to the hospltl and the ded to the gra\e.i. And meny Spanish ships will singk. and feev American ships will singk. and wo s-hall fire tha Span- yrds on laud ar.d sea. And or.r flag waves over the Fii-iaens : ileus this day and are army. " Th - Ja t page of th ° manuscript was embellished with drawings of one battleship with the slats and stripes fiying from its mast head. Another man-of-war is shown just coming into sight. A lclres ! nr Members IIouso Common * . Members are not allowed to refer to each other by name in debate. The anly member who is properly addressed by .name is the thairmsn who preside over the deliberations of the house in committee. On a. member rising to speak in committee he begins with "Mr. Lcwther" and not with "Mr. Chair man , " as at public meetings. Nias Lccnth Century. Highest Trees In the World. The gum trees of Victoria are tu , . .allest trees in the world. They averi i ige 300 fest high. AN AMATEUR PIRATE. JIaJor Stedo Bonnet Turned from FarmIng - Ing to Froeboottnjr. In the St. Nicholas Mr. Frank R. Stockton continues hi3 sketches of "The Buccaneers of our Coast. " with an account of "Blackboard" and Stedo Bonnet , two famous pirates. Concern ing the latter Mr. Stockton says : Early in the eighteenth century there liveJ in Bridgetown , in the island of Barba dos , a very pleasant , middle aged gen tleman named Major Stede Bonnet. Ha was a man in comfortabe c'rcum- stanccs , and had been an officer in tha British army. He had retired from military service , and had bought an estate at Bridgetown , where he lived In comfort and wag respected by his neighbors. But for some reason or other this quiet and reputable gentle man got it Into his head that he should like to bo a pirate. But besides the general reasons why Major Bonnet should not become a pirate , and whlcli applied to all men as well as to him self , there was a special reason agai"31 his adoption of the profession of a eoa- land- robber he was an out-and-out man and knew nothing whatever of nautical affairs. Ho was fond cf his tory and well read in the literature of the day. He was accustomed to the habits of good society and knew a. good deal about farming and hoisei and cows and poultry. But notwith standing his absolute unfitness for such a life. Major Bonnet was deter mined to become n pirate , and he ba- came one. He had money to buy a ship and to fit her out and man her. and this ho quietly did at Bridgetown , nobody supposing that he was goinsj to do anything more than start ofT on some commercial cruise. Whsn every thing was ready his vessel slipped out of the harbor oae nJght , and after h.3 was sailing upon the rolling ssa ho stood upon the quarter deck and pro claimed himself a pirate. He ran up the black flag , girded on a great cut lass , and folding his arms he ordered his mate to steer the vessel io the coast of Virginia. Bonnet's men were practiced seamen , and so when thla "green hand" came into the waters o * Virginia he actually took two or three- vessels and robbed them of their car goes , burning the ships and sending the crews ashore. This had grown to be a common custom among the pir ates , who though cruel and hard hearted , had not the inducements of the old buccanccs to torture and mur der the crews of th vessels which they captured. It was caMed "marooning" and V.MS somewhat less heartless thai the old methods. Ag Bonnet wiahntl to adopt the custcirs cf the society hi which he placed himself , when he found himself too far from land to put the captured crew on shore he did not hesitate to make them walk the p'.ank. a favorite devL ; cf pirates whenever they b.'J no convenient way of di pos- iug of their prisoners. In one branch of his new profession Bonn ° t rapidly * advanced. He soon became a greedy robber and a cruel conqueror. He cap tured merchant vcsssto all along tha coast as far north as New Engl-ind. CARE OF SILVER. It Should Never lie to Cot KeaUy Dirty. One of the many things that are im possible for the untrained mind to grasp seems to be the fuct that ir an article is never allowed to bGconie dirty It will never seed cleaning. In all branches of housework this rule hold * good , especially in tha case cf silver , says Harper's Bazar. The average maid finds it necessary to devote a large part of one day out of every seven to scrubbing and cleaning forks , knives and spoons that should never have been allov/ed to become dirty enough to demand such exertion. When these articles are once clean they should te kept in that condition. If. after using , each pitce of silver Id washed in very hot water and wiped immediately dry on an Immaculate- towel it will ictaln its luster for days and weeks. If by any chance a spot of tarnish appears It can be readily banished by a brisk rubbing with a piece ofhamola skin. Extru silver that is not neede.1 for every-day use will keep cleau for months lying untouched in a tightly closed chest or trunk If the mistreaa of the house will herslf take the pre caution to see that It Is put away clean. Bach article must b3 thoroughly \vah- cd and rubbed to a fine polish and wrapped by iiself In tissue japer. Then when the arrival of guests calls the silverware into demand it will ne2 < l no hurried polishing to make it rre- r ° ntable. If vou can't be a sun .don't be cloud. Io Stomach Said & jolly man of 40 , of almost aldermanic - manic rotundity , "since takia : ; Hood's Sarsaparilla. " What ho meant wa3 that this grand digestive tonic had BO com pletely cured ell distress and disagreeable * dyspeptic symptoms that he lived , ate and slept In comfort. You may be put into this delightful condition if yoi will tata Hood's Sarsaparslla America's Greatest Hediclua CURE YOURSELF ? or ulceratiaaa r * nt la paio - r ppsr. hjr expriw * . cr saM. for * I. J. r3 bartto . SZ.7S. ! * ' Circular ecat oa r Best Copch tijrup. Tastes GoovL * - * * - v * * VVW4 latlme. Soldbrdrn ! sts. v. L