THE CONFEDERATE CABINET.
Who Competed It and How Many of Them
Sarrlr * .
Baltimore American.
The serious illnessjof 'Congressman
Beagan , of Texas' , who was postmaster
general of the confederate goverment ,
suggests some inquiries regarding the
whereabouts of other members of that
organization. Although the confeder
ate government was but five years in
existence it had numerous cabinets.
There were-no , less than three secreta
ries of state , five secretaries of war ,
two secretaries of the treasury , and a
third ; who was acting secretary , and
three attorneys general. Of the secre
taries of state Judah P. Benjamin was ,
of course , the most celebrated. He
has made his fortune in the practice of
law in London. He has closed up his
law business now , however , having
made money enough , and news comes
that he has gone to Paris to live perma
nently. Bob Toombs , who was another
secretary of state , lives in Georgia , his1
old home. He is a wealthy old man , as
full of eccentricities as years ago. He
has retired from the active pursuits of
life , having an ample fortune , and has ,
as recently announced , been baptised
and become a member of the Methodist
church , of which his wife , now de
ceased , was for years an honored mem
ber. His beautiful southern home is
surrounded by every comfort and lux
ury which wealth and a long and varied
experience can supply. R. M. T.
"Hunter , of Virginia , was another sec-
3 , nuv Succeeded
him in 1865 , are all dead. L. Tope
Waller , of Alabama , the first secretary
of war } is still living in his old state.
His house is at Huntsville , where he
practices his profession that of a law
yer very successfully. He has just
come prominently before the public in
the Jebse James cases in that state , but
he has always been prominent in Ala
bama as a lawyer and prominent citi
zen. John A. Campbell , who was for
a considerable timn tintingnoorofnyTr of
seventy-third year , he is btill an active
citizen , and highly honored for his in
tegrity.
There were but two secretaries of
the treasury C. G. Memminger , of
South "Carolina , and George A. Tren-
hplm. Mr. Memminger still lives in
his old state , and practices law at his
home in Charleston. G. A. Trenholm ,
wno succeeded Memminger in 1864 , is
dead. Judge Reagan was also acting
secretary of war fora short time.
Though the confederacy had noc
much ot a navy , it had a navy depart
ment. S. R. Mallory , of Florida , was
the secretary of the navy. He died
several years ago.
The law department of the confed
eracy , or the attorney general's office ,
had three incumbents Thomas Biagg ,
of North Carolina ; Thomas H. Watts ,
of Alabama , and George E. Davis , of
North Carolina. Mr. Watts'still lives
in his old state , holding his residence
at Montgomery , and is a successful and
prominent lawyer of that city. Mr.
Davis continues a resident of his own
state North , Carolina living at Wil
mington , where he practices law and
talks about the old war times with his
old friends who gather about him. He
was a. great admirer of General Lee ,
and entertained that gentleman on his
last visit to North Carolina. The post
office department was presided over by
one man from the beginning to the end
of the confederacy , and that man was
John H. Reagan. He retired from
"
congress at the"beginning of the war ,
having already served two terms in
that body , and was elected with others
to the secession convention of Texas.
By that convention he was electe'd dep
uty to the provisional congress of the
confederacy. In March of the same
year he was appointed postmaster-gen
eral of the provisional government of
the confederacy , was reappointed upon
the permanent organization of the con
federate government , .in 1862 , and oc
cupied that position up to the close of
the war. Of the confederate congress
five members are now in the congress
of the United States. Vest , ot Mis
souri , who was a senator in the con
federacy , is in the United States senate ;
Pugh , of Alabama , who was a member
of the confederate house , is also in the
senate ; Garland , of Arkansas , who was
a member of both house and senate of
the confederacy , is also in the senate ,
and Singleton and Barksdale , of Mis
sissippi , who were members of the
confederate house , are in the house of
the Forty-eighth congress.
Henry Clay's Mistake.
j , A. Bilsgt In the Cleveland Hera'd.
Your editorial in the Leader of the
23d , commenting : on the paragraph
copied from the Boston Advertiser , is
only a part of the truth of the history.
It is true that Mr. Clay , who had been
for years the idol of the old whig party ,
was nominated by acclamation at Bal
timore , and his election was regarded
as a sure tning. The Texas question ,
involving the question of slavery , was
the question of the canvass. The
Raleigh letter of Mr. Clay on thai
question was satisfactory to the whig
of the north. They were opposed to
the annexation of Texas. So was Mr
Clay. The canvass was opened against
"Polk , Dallas and Texas , " and the
whigs were everywhere driving the
democrats to the wall , and the election
of Mr. Ciay was thought Jo be certain.
But in an evil hour Mr. Clay was
tempted to write the famous "Ala
bama letter , " in which he said ! "the
ilavery question was only a temporary
me , " and "personally I have no ob-
_ ections and should be glad to see Tex
as annexed , " etc. These words de-
eated Mr. Henry Clay as the whig
sandidate for president in 1844. It was
not the late Archbishbp Hughes and
he Catholic vote in New York , it was
he unfortunate , ill-timed and unwise
etter of Mr. Clay , that , from the time
it its publication , put his party on the
defensive in that canvass.
You will remember the feeling of the
iiVnigs in Cleveland on the morning of
he day when the Alabama letter of
31ay was received in Cleveland , in an
ixtra of the Ohio Statesman. It was
m the 20th of May , when a mass meet-
ng of the whigs of the "Reserve" had
jeen called in Cleveland. Mr. Cor-
win , Mr. Liddeys , Mr. Caskin , Mr.
Clay , Mr. Seabury Ford , Judge Reu
ben Hitchcock and others were in
oem No. 20 at the old American
House , where Mr. Burknell White
ame in and handed Mr. Corwin the
Alabama letter of Mr. Clay. Mr. Cor
win read it , and said : "Gentlemen , I
may as well take my hat and go home.
We are defeated , as from this hour we
must fight on the retreat , and up to
Ms hour we have been driving our
: oe. " He was right.
The late Mr. Thomas Ewing told me
'that after Mr. Clay's nomination , in
company with a few of Mr. Clay's most
rusted and intimate friends , he visited
| him at his home in Ashland , and there
he whole question of the canvass was
discussed. Mr. Clay said he must
Iwrite one more letter in reference to
he charge that had been made against
lim that he had made a bargain with
| Mr. John Quincy Adams , as to his
election tofthe presidency in 1825. Mr.
TEwing told him such a letter was
wholly unnecessary , as he could add
nothing to the force of the disclaimer
in that matter made by Mr. Adams , in
his letter to the New Jersey committee ,
in which letter he said : 'Before you ,
my countrymen , and before high
heaven I pronounce that charge to be
absolutely false ; and if I could meet it
at the throne of the Eternal , I would
pronounce it false there. ' All agreed
that a letter from Mr. Clay was unnec
essary. Mr. Clay in his own parlors ,
with the gentlemen then present ,
agreed that he would not write any
more letters. On all the great ques
tions of yublic policy , for long years ,
he had declared his opinions on the
floor of congress , and on the Texas
question his 'Raleigh letter' was satis
factory to his party. " Mr. Ewing
said "he returned home , and in a few
weeks entered upon the canvass in
southeastern Ohio , and was speaking
for Clay and Frelinghuysen until the
Alabama letter was published. Then
he took his carpet-bag and returned
home , and did not make another speech ,
as Mr. Clay had not kept his promise. "
iDefeat came. Mr. Ewing said "he
never mentioned the canvass oi the
jresidency to Mr. Clay after that , and
f Mr. Clay had been nominated in
1848 , or in 1852 , he would not have
voted for him. "
It was the Alabama letter that lost
Mr. Clay the vote of the anti-slavery
whigs in New York in 1844. See the
Albany Evening Journal of November ,
1844 , after the election , as to the cause
of defeat.
Mr. Clay defeated himself and ruined
lis party. He was the great compro
miser , and his compromises were
always in the interest of slavery.
And now , as to 1848. You say
"Gen. Taylor , the whig candidate car
ried New York against his democratic
ompetitor by a majority of 104,285. "
You do not say that Gen. Taylor had
; wo competitors in 1848 , In New York ,
Sen. Cass the regular nominee of his
party and Mr. Van Buren , the nominee
af the new free soil party. Mr. Van
Buren was nominated at Buffalo in
August , 1848 , for the purpose of de
feating Gen. Cass , and his nomination
elected Gen. Taylor , and gained Cali
fornia and New Mexico from the maw
of alavery.
The Free Soiler was a power in the
election in 1848 for good. The in
dependent voter is to be a power in
November , 1884. His vote had better
be looked after at Chicago in June ,
1884.
the Editor's Life is Worth Living.
Collated br the Bockland Cornier.
Congressman Milliken has our thanks
for recent public documents. [ Skow-
hegan Reporter.
Those cookies from the bakery were
pronounced "nice" by the Register
compositors. [ Boothbay Register.
We were favored , yesterday , with a ,
pleasant call from Hon. Edward Gush
ing , of Camden. [ Mt. Desert Herald.
Congressman Milliken has our thanks
for flower seeds from the agricultural
department at Washington. [ Belfast
Journal.
We are indebted to H. C. Phinney ,
Bowdoin ' 84 , for a programme of the
junior and senior exhibition at Bow
doin , April 3d. Thomaston Herald.
Some friend sends us a copy of the
initial number of the Weekly Arrow ,
published at Phoenix , A. T. , by A. A.
Symonds. [ Pittsfield Advertiser.
We have received from Mr. Alonzc
Paine , formerly of this village , now in
Massachusetts , a generous slice of wed
ding cake , indicating that he has en
tered the state of matrimony. We con
gratulate him and wish him and hi :
Bride much happiness. [ Waldoborc
News.
Frank W. Perry , of the Camden cast
store , who has been absent for a
days past , on a marriage tour , returned
with his bride last Tuesday. Thej
have our thanks for a generous slice o"
wedding cake and our best wishes foi
their future happiness. Camden Her
aid.
aid.The
The Chronicle is indebted to the
courtesy of Miss Nellie Marville for j
nice bouquet of dog tooth violets
Eddie Kempton and Lee Berry hav <
favored us with a bunch of Mayflowers
The first of the season. Misses Mini
and Jennie Gerry have rememberec
the Chronicle office with early May
flowers. Farmington Chronicle.
- A"
OLD BIBLE TEXT.
A. Description of the B cent Dlicorery bjr
Dr. Harkavjr.
I paid a visit to-day to Dr. Harkavy
of the Imperial Library , whose recent
discovery of a supposed ancient text of
he Old Testament is exciting much in-
erest in scientific and even general cir
cles , says a St. Petersburg dispatch to
ho London Standard. The learned
) rofessor informed me that the manu
scripts in question had been in his pos-
sion for some months , but that he had
refra'.ned from bringing them to public
notice on account of the recent expos-
ire of the Shapira frauds , and thescep-
icism with which a new announcement
n the same field of discovery would
necessarily be received. His scruples
were overcome , however , by the per
suasions of .his friend , Mr. iNeubauer ,
' .he . assistant librarian at the Bodleian
jibrary at Oxford , and he has prepared
i short statement for publication pend-
ng the production of a memoir upon
which he will set to work after Easter.
Assuming that the manuscripts are
genuine ( and as to this the doctor has
no doubt ) , he has already deciphered
enough to prove that they are of very
considerable interest and antiquity , but
IB is unable to fix even an approximate
date for them as yet , nor has he met
with any important variations from the
extus receptus. The manuscripts Are
he property of persons whom the pro-
essor is not at { liberty to name , the
manuscripts having been intrusted
to him merely to decipher. Their
) resent owners bought them at one of
he Black sea ports from a Greek sailor
sailing from the Island of Rhodes.
They consist of some thirty rolls of vel
um , which were probably once bound
wgether.- Some , however , are much
> etter preserved than others. The
'Lamentations" of Jeremiah , for in
stance , are comparatively fresh i and
easily read , while some of the parch
ment is so wrinkled and discolored that
nothing can be made out , though the
jrofcssor hopes by means of reagents
o lender the writing , legible. The
'Book of Lamentations" is followed by
an original poem on the same subject ,
'The Fall of Jerusalem , " signed ,
'Jacob , the son of Isaac. " The other
books which Prof. Harkavy has made
out so far are the prophecies of Hosea ,
Joel , Obadiah , Haggai. and Zachariab ,
and the books of Ruth , Esther , Daniel
and Zepaniah.
The most puzzling feature is that the
haracters employed differ materially
rom all hitherto known , so much so
that those who read with facility the
square writing of other Hebrew texts
are at a loss to understand it. Dr.
Elarkavy pointed out instances in which
lie letter Lamed is nearly the same as
the Yemen character ; whilst the letter
Ain is quitely original , being like the
'ireek Epsilon written backward.
Judging irom what he has made up
: o the present time , the professor
thinks the manuscript must have origi
nated with a colony of Jews long iso
lated from their fellow-countrymen ,
probably in some island or out of the
way spot on the coast of Arabia.
The American Girl Abroad.
London V ? orld.
Society has long been assisting cer
tain American writers of parlor fiction
, o create the American girl , and the
most eminent of them , Mr. Henry
James , has settled among us to enjoy
dis success. The time , therefore , would
seem to have arrived for the independ
ent critic to examine the popular be
lief that the American girl is the final
and most finished product of civiliza
tion , destined to whip anything else in
petticoats. According to Mr. Henry
James , she is a combination of nervous
force , vivacity , and feminine insight ,
while delicate and subtle are epithets ,
which convey only the feeblest idea of
the operations of her mental being.
Indeed , so exquisite is this piece of
machinery that when the novelist at
tempts to pick it to pieces for our edi
fication , he rarely fails to puzzle him
self and his readers. A great deal of
her effect still depends upon her nov
elty. English society is naively slow to
take the measure of social novelties ;
and though London has been flooded
by our nasal cousins , the American girl
herself is still imperfectly understood.
If she is distinguished by one quality
more than another among womankind ,
it is by that attribute which is common
to all her countrymen , and generated
by their restless life. She is 'cute ;
'cute take advantage
quite enough to every
tage of the momentary confusion she
has produced. Now is her critical
time ; the eager competition of her ever-
increasing sisters will destroy her favor
able position ; jhe is resolved to take
her fortune at the flood , and society
hears whispers of a determined in
vasion in the course of the season at
whose eve we have arrived. The fash
ionable world of London is in a state of
chronic boredom , and is always ready
to welcome a new sensation. Together
with her novelty the American girl ex
ercises something of the charm which
a half-educated visitor always exercises
on a conventional society. Pocahontas
might have had the town at her feet ;
her successor is less simple and more
schooled than Pocahontas ; but com
pared with the smart people of Europe
she is uneducated. She has not , that
is to say , lived in an atmosphere the
creation of centuries , charged to an
extent impossible to realize with social
opinions , conventionalities and tradi
tions. They are born and bred in the
European child. The American girl
has more or less to assume them ; and
the assumption can be made very fresh
and naive. She brings a quick and
new susceptibility to things on which
we are * he slaves of preconceived im
pressions. It is the same with her
countrymen. They give you half-edu
cated impressions of art and literature ,
whereas the European is clogged with
traditional judgments assimilated from
the hour of his birth. All of which is
very piquant and amusing both in the
men and women for a time.
Put an American girl by the side ol
her English sister , and the contrast is
as instructive as the jealousy of the
English matron is edifying. Our con
ventionalities have not sunk into her
being , and she is shrewd enough to dis
criminate what part of them has a real
and what a pretended worth. There-
'ore ' she can transgress them without
-ho transgression being imputed unto
tier for sin , and she does. Her trans
gressions and her criticism give her
ialf her piquancy , but what is amusing
n her would be embarrassing in her
English sister. Her natural quickness
of perception has , moreover , been
sharpened by more travelling than falls
x > the lot of the ordinary English girl.
Tables d'hote and second-rate foreign
society , if they have .not added to her
refinement , have taught her a preco
cious self-possession. Again , though a
run in the states is getting to be the
usual autumn holiday , and knowledge
of American ways is becoming diffused ,
ret society across the water does not
present ttio same stable and obvious
rraduations as in the old country.
Therefore , the fair adventuress , with a
ittle manojuvring , may shroud her ex-
ict antecedents in mystery , and find
ferself credited with a fabulous dowry
bunded on Chicago lard or Denver
jeetle-poison. Indeed , the popular be-
ief that American women bring their
Snglish husbands large fortunes dies
very hard , in spite oi all demonstra
tions to the contrary. The English
; irl , though temporarily eclipsed by
icr rival , need not despair. Her qual-
ties will tell in the long run. The ap
parent distinction and tact of the
American girl is as showy , and as
smart , and as little part of her , as her
Parisian dresses. Real refinement is
the attribute of a leisured class. This
does not exist in the states , except in
; he narrow Puritan circle at Boston.
The feverish pushing and striving , and
barbarous osten'ation of the men must
react upon their sisters. And , indeed ,
American women are the most showy ,
restless , and unquiet in the world. Re
pose and dignity are alien to them ;
smartness is their ideal. Nor are they
physically equal to the overshadowed
English girl. Far from evolving a su
perior , American civilization seems de
stined to evolve an inferior type of
woman. The American girl is as dif
ferent from her English sister as the
women of the insipid American parlor
action are different from the women
with hearts and brains of the robuster
literature of Felding and Scott.
Modern Causes of Insanity.
New York Tribune.
In the current number of The Sani
tarian Professor Hitchcock has an in
teresting paper on "A Perverted Will
as a Factor in Insanity. " He is of
opinion that the marked increase of
insanity of late years is largely , if not
altogether due to the rapid progress of
democratic ideas , the development of
strong individualism , and the weaken
ing of respect for authority. It is not
to be inferred that he considers demo
cratic ideas mischievous , but he holds
it to be often dangerous to put new
wine into old bottles. The general ef
fect of modern influences he regards as
to self-control whether
tending destroy - ,
er in the pursuit of wealth or the grati
fication of appetite. Luxury offers
constant temptations to the present
generation , and where there is no train
ing to furnish a basis of self restraint ,
excess in many directions is to be ap-
prehended. Again , "self-control is
weakened , especially in our American
public , by a disregard or disesteem of
law and authority. The democratic
idea , the intense - ' individualism that
permeates the body politic as does our
blood the body , is a demoralizer to a
sound mental condition. The disre
spect for civil law , as manifested by
manv who only seem to see in it red
tape and needless formality , is a good
seed of insanity.
Professor Hitchcock might have gone
further back in tracing the develop
ments of the insane neurosis. It is
highly probable that those parents
who , through mistaken notions of edu
cation , permit their children to grow
of self-surrender discipline
up ignorant - ,
pline and restraint , are encouraging in
them the tendencies to excess which in
later life may issue in insanity. It is
indeed a patent fact that the power of
self-control is less cultivated at present
than formerly. Our forefathers held
many hard and barbarous beliefs , but
there was one belief of theirs which we
should have done well to retain , name
ly , the conviction that serious and pro
longed discipline is necessary to the
building up of a sound and self-sustjfin-
ing manhood. In these days the last
lesson imparted is that of obedience ,
yet it is certain that they who cannot
obey will never know how to rule , and
without self-control the finest natural
abilities may be worse than wasted.
The diseases of to-day are largely the
products of profuse expenditure of
vitality. Extravagance in physical
outlay is one of the most serious vices
of the time. Nervous and cerebral ex
haustion follow these courses , and at
short intervals our most active and
energetic men diop out of the race , and
are consigned to the asylum or the
grave.
When the tendency to insanity is the
effect of new ideas upon slnsrsnsh men
talities , which are confused rather than
enlightened by the impact , it is proba
ble that nothing can be done. In such
cases nature's law of the survival of
the fittest must operate , and such as
are incapable of improvement must
perish. But with regard to the stronger
natures that go to' excess because of
defective training and the force of ex
ternal stimulants , it is not useless to
speak words of warning. Nature will
be avenged 'for violation of her laws ,
and those who exhaust their limited
stock of vitality in youth and middle
life will be denied the restful old age
to which they vainly looked forward.
They will die in harness. They will
drop even beforp they hive renched
Mount Pisgah. The parents who think
it philosophical to withhold all disci
pline and training in self-control from
their children , will do well to reflect
that , far from fitting them for nn amp
ler manhood and womanhood by these
means , they are preparing them for
disaster , misfortune and failure , de
priving them of the most indispensable
defence and protection against the dis
tracting influences of our fast anc
feverish modern life.
An exchange asks : "Who is the bes
man ? " John L. Sullivan has that
reputation. [ New York Graphic.
M. A. SPALDING ,
M
AGENT FOR THE
COO
O I
* >
O ! H
Sold Low for cash , or on easy payments or
rented until the rent pays i'cr the organ.
M. A. SPALDING , Agent ,
McCOOK , - NEBRASKA. i
STOCK DIBECTOKY
DENNIS M'KILLIP.
Ranch on Red 'Willow , Thornburg , Hayes
County , Neb. Cattle branded * 'J. M. " on
leftside. Young cattle branded same as
above , also "J. " on left jaw. Under-slope
right ear. Horses branded "E" on left
shoulder.
FOR SALE. My range of 1,000 acres of
deeded land in one body , including the
Black and Byfield hay lands ; timber and
water with two good farm houses and other
improvements. Convenient to No. 1 school
privileges. Situated in the Republican val
ley west o Red Willow creek. C.ill on or
address JF. . BLACK.
Indianola , Neb.
J. WILSON.
Stock brand circle on left shoulder ; also
dewlap and a crop and under half crop on
left ear , and a crop and under bit in the
risht. RancH on the Republican. Post-
office , Max , Dundy county , Nebraska.
HENRY T. CHURCH.
Oborn , Neb. Range : Red Willow creek ,
In southwest corner of Frontier county , cat
tle branded ' ' 0 L 0' ' on right side. Also ,
an over crop on right ear and under crop on
left. Horses branded " 8' ' on right shoulder.
SPRING CREEK CATTLE CO.
Indianola. Neb. Range : Republican Val
ley , east of Dry Creek , and near head of
Spring Creek , in Chase county ,
J. D. WELBORV ,
Vice President and Superintendent.
JOHN HATFIELD & SON.
KcCook. Neb. , Ranch 4 miles southeast ,
on Republican river. Stock branded with
a bac and lazy B on left hip 4
j
!
1
Ranch , Spring Canyon on the Frenchman
River , in Chase county , Neb. Stock branded
as above ; also " 717" on left side ; " 7" on
ri"ht hip and "L " on right shoulder ;
"Ii."on Ic-lt shoulder and "X. " on left
Jaw. HaJf tinder-crop feft ea and equare-
orop right ear.
C. D. PHELPS.
Range : Republican Valley , tour miles
west of Culbcrtson , south side of Republi
can. Stock branded " 161" and " 7-L. "
P. O. Address , Culbertson , Nel > .
(
1
THE TURNIP BRAND.
Ranch 2 miles north of McCook. Stock
branded on left hip , and a few double croae-
es oa left side. CD. . ERCANBRACK.
STOKES & TROTH.
P. O. Address , Carrico , Hayes county ,
Nebraska , Range. Red Willow , above Car
rico. Stock branded as above. Also ninths
lazvci brand.
GEORGE J. FREDERICK.
Ranch i miles southwest of McCook , on the
Driftwood. Stock branded "AJ" on the
left hip. P. O. address , McCook , Neb.
PROCTOR.
McCook , Neb. , range ; Red Willow creek ,
-outhwest c rnerof Frontlercounty. Also
E. P. brand on right hip and side and swal
low-fork in right ear. Horses branded E. P.
on right hip. A few branded * 'A * 'on right
hip.
S
ALL LIVE DRUGGISTS SELL
SPRING BLOSSOM I !
AntrBilioai and Dyipeptw fan.
1