THE RELATION OF RAILROAD
RATES TO GENERAL
BUSINESS ,
To the Business Man : No mat
ter how objectionable tin advance In
freight rates may bo to us personally ,
wo must recognize that an Improve
ment in GoncrnltbUBlnes8 Is dependent
on a betterment of operating and
financial conditions of the railroads.
That the operating results arc most
unsatisfactory Is readily seen by
the latest INTER-STATE COMMERCE
COMMISSION reports , which show
that for the nine months ended April
1st , 1910 , eleven railroad systems , nil
West and North of a line drawn from
Chicago to St Louis , compared with
the same roads for the same period in
the previous year , had their gross
earnings Increased about $50,000,000.00 ,
while their net earnings showed a de
crease of $3,500,000.00 , and for the
month of March , on the same compari
son , they show an Increase of $7,000-
000.00 in gross and a decrease of
$965,000.00 in not earnings.
Attention is called to the fact that
the wage increases , ( cxcdpt a small
amount , ) were not in force during this
period , and from now on these will
greatly increasfe the operating cost.
These same railroads had their taxes
increased over the previous year
$2,500,000.00 , or 14 % and have to pay
higher rates of interest on their loans.
These roads covering the most pros
perous part of the country may bo con
sidered representative of general rail
road conditions.
During the past three years of poor
business , railroad expenditures for
maintalnance were necessarily nt the
lowest point , and In consequence their
motive power equipment and tracks
now demand a greater proportion of
operating expense. No provision has
been or is being made for the growing
demands of the country , and as trans
portation is the backbone of business ,
its weakness or inefficiency cripples
every other condition ; because all prod
ucts are valuable in the ratio with
which their accessibility to the con
suming market
It is most important to the shipper ,
that railroads at all times arc fully
equipped to take care of an increase of
his business. The first eight months ol
1007 demonstrated that the railroads
could not handle the business then of
fered with any degree of satisfaction.
The financial conditions since have no !
permitted them to even maintain their
then position. If the then volume of
business were to come back supple
mented by the three years growth of
the country in the interval , transporta
tlon would bo paralyzed ; and what
would that cost the shipper compared
with a reasonable advance In frelghi
ratestnow ? Such an advance would
provide the means for avoiding this
impending disaster. The iron horse
LU uu nupt in jjuuu uuimuiuii lui
the 'same reason as the living horse
used for transportation. The teamster
stor knows that If his horse is not
well shod , well groomed and well fed
and his harness and wagon kept in
good repair , that all ho will save on
such economy will bo many times
wasted In the efficiency of his trans
portation , and also add great expense
to the shipper. It is exactly the same
with the railroads : the shipper has a
right to demand that transportation
be ample and efficient ; the success of
his business and the development of
the country are dependent on It.
The Investor : To do this , the rail
road must show adequate returns to
maintain proper borrowing credit and
present a promising source of invest
ment to procure the necessary funds
to Improve and develop the property
as needed. It is neither the railroad
president nor the shipper that controls
the situation ; it is the investor alone
who holds the key ; without his un
invested dollar the railroad cannot ex
tend or improve , no matter how great
the needs of the shipper or the country
may bo.
With all the increasing cost of op
eration , supplemented by ever in
creasing and burdensome legislative
restrictions concerning their earnings ,
in face of the fact that the avcrago
dividend rate on railroads was less
than zy2 per cent for the past six
years , and the United States Supreme
Court in the case of the Consolidated
Gas Company stated that "G per cent
was a fair return on money Invested
In public utilities , " with the average
freight rate in 1909 of three-quarters of
n cent per ton per mile , the lowest In
nine years , the average passenger rate
per mile , one and nine-tenths cents ,
the lowest ever reached , Is it any won
der that the investor holds back and
the Bankers demand high interest
rates from the railroads ? The railroads
need $2,000,000,000.00 to put their lines
, In proper condition , and to Increase
r their terminal facilities at all points
that are even now a necessity , and
$1.000,000,000.00 more for modern new
Incorrect Phraseology.
Speaking of the comet as a "celes
tial wanderer , " when Its orbit Is fixed
and known and its place In the heav
ens determined at any time , is about
as correct as speaking of a "dash to
the polo" when the dasher is doing
well to mnko ten miles a day. Now
York Tribune.
Leisure Essential.
Trees , fields , sunsets , rivers , breezes
and tbo like , roust all be enjoyed at
leisure , if at all. There is not the
slightest use in a man's paying a hur
ried visit to the country. lie may as
well go there blindfolded as go In a
hurry. Ho will never see the coun
try. Ho will have a perception , no
doubt , of hedgerows and grass , of
green lanes and silent cottages , per
haps of great hills nnd rocks , of vari
ous items which go toward making
the country ; but the country itself he
will never see. Country Parson.
motive power and equipment lo move
holr freight with promptness and econ
omy. Where can they got the money ?
Only by Increased earnings from ad-
anccd rates , and by HO doing bolter
holr credit by attracting the uninvest
ed dollars that are now going to other
nore attractive but loss productive In
vestments.
What will the advance cost the Ul-
( mate Consumer ? Poor's Manual says
the avcrago haul of all freight in 1008
was 142 miles. The nvcrago rate In
1009 was three-fourths of a cent per
ton per mile.
The average total rate for the aver
age total haul , assuming It to bo the
same as 190S , would be $1.00 per ton.
A.n advance of 10 % on this rate would
increase the cost 10 cents per ton ,
or 1-200 of a cent per pound. An ad
vance of 10 % on the present speclllc
rates would increase.1 the cost of 100
pounds dressed beef In New York ,
shipped from Chicago , 4 cents ; 100
pounds canned lish In St. Louis ,
shipped from Maine , 1 S-10 cents ; 100
pounds flour In New York , from Min
neapolis , 2 cents ; a suit of clothes In
Chicago , from Uoston , % cent ; the
same for a woman's suit. On a man's
outllt , coat , trousers , shoes and hat.
New England to Mississippi Valley , not
to exceed 1 cent. The Ultimate
Consumer can multiply these Illustra
tions indefinitely. The manufacturer ,
jobber and retailer could easily absorb
this slight advance , because , If his
business increased but one unit , that
would more than pay the Increased
cost on one hundred units.
Railroad not earnings thus Increased ,
the railroads would have a ready mar
ket for their securities , and with the
money thus obtained again start all
the business and Industries now com
paratively Idle that are directly or in
directly dependent on their property.
The working men would be fully cm-
ployed , their families would again pur
chase freely , and that means good
business for everyone.
There are 1,500,000 railroad em
ployees. It takes L',500,000 men to sup
ply what the railroads need , and a vast
number of men are employed in sup
plying the personal needs of the above
4,000,000 men and their families , rep
resenting 16,000,000 people. Every
kind of business is dependent in some
measure on railroad prosperity.
High coct of living : If It had not been
Investors'In the past , where would we
have been to-day for our food supply ?
They opened up thousands of mllca
of undeveloped and unproductive land )
and yet our food Is high , because of ;
lack of supply ; our consumption is in
creasing faster than our food produc
tion. If the railroad Investor stops as
ho now has , there will be an advance
In food rates soon that will bo far
greater than Increased freight rates.
High food means high labor , and htgh
labor means high everything. There-
fnrA thp tllMmntn Pntisiimnr nnil flip
State and National Governments should
be interested In developing land that
will produce bountiful food products.
Half of the country west of the Mis
sissippi is not used , and will not be
until covered with railroads. Who
would want to build roads in unproduc
tive lands when those in cultivated
country will barely pay the lowest rate
of interest , and the owners and man
agers are being harassed and maligned
as in no other business ?
This condition will only improve
when the business man realizes that
the Investor does not provide the
source of his own Investments. He
waits for you to do that in some de
sirable form. Dy your individually let
ting things drift , and doing nothing ,
your legislator , with no business ex
perience , hearing no advice and receiv
ing no direct information , which ho
gladly would from you ( quite likely
you do not even know his name ) , lis
tens to the only voices heard ; the agitator
tater or the aggressive shipper whose
views of the business world are ob
tained by looking out of the small
hole of a funnel directed at his own
plant , unconscious of other conditions
of far more importance to his own
business than the freight rate's. Such
men as these by their vociferous vigor
have stirred up a popular anti-corpora
tion agitation that has cowed all par-
tics , and they are so scared of being
charged as owned or bought that al
questions of principle , equity or the
general good are Ignored. The rail
road man draws his salary , whether
the road pays or not ; he does not own
it. If he does say anything ho is sat
upon. The stock-holders as a body are
defenseless. You are the sufferer ant
the only ono who would bo llstcnct
to. Will you not study your own Inter
csts , find out your legislator's name
and tell him the real situation ? Other
wise we must wait until grim neces
sity starves out the present anti-rail
road fever.
June C , 1910. ,
' T. A. GRIFFIN.
( Advertisement. )
Woman Builds Flying Machine.
An Irish woman , Miss Lillian E.
Bland , has designed and built for her
self a biplane glider 28 feet wide.
Several satisfactory glides have been
accomplished with the machine , con
trolled from the ground by ropes. The
engine and propellers \\111 bo fitted
later.
Who's the Boss ?
A Boston professional man went out
recently and on his return found this
note from his stenographer , who had
evidently been house cleaning ;
"If I'm not In by nine , it's because
I am at the dentist' , probably , but it
may bo that I'm at homo , sick with
all kinds of diseases that ono catches
from dirt germs. If that's the reason ,
you have no kick coming at all , be
cause your old desk was a mess. You
can bo fixing up that pile of letters
and wo will answer them right off.
Them's my orden. . "
HAPPE
.
.r :
OTICS
'Practical" Queries That Puzzled Dad
DURN3UCH TOOL
QUESTIONS
KANSAS CITY , Mo. Was education
V more practical n generation ago ,
or did John's father study his books
moro thoroughly than John docs ?
Tohn is a seventh grade student in
ho public schools. He nshcC his
ather one day to help him solve the
ollowing problem :
A , asked how much money ho has
n the bank , replied : . "If 1 had $10
moro I would have $1,000 moro than
mlf what I now have. " How much
noney had A ?
"Such a fool problem , " said the
father. "Tell that teacher to ask tile
cashier. You have been pestering mo
with problems Hko that for a week.
Suppose your teacher asked you how
old you arc. Would you tell her :
" 'If I were ten times as old as 1
am , diminished by 42 , I would bo 30
years older than dad , and If dad -were
one-fourth as old as he now is he
would be my age ? ' "
"What would your teacher do If you
answered in such a manner ? In my
days wo had practical problems in
our arithmetic. "
In order to investigate his father's
statement John went to the public 11
brary and asked for an old arithmetic.
The librarian gave him "Richard's
Natural Arithmetic. " Ho turned to
Lho page marked "Practical Exercises"
and road :
A puts his whole flock of sheep into
three pastures ; half go into one pas
ture , one-third into another and 32
Into a third. How imjny in the flock ?
"That's queer , " said John. "Prac
tical exercises , too. Hero is a man
who wants to find how many sheep he
hast He counto them BO he will know
when he has half of them This hall
ho puts into n paature. Then he
counts out a third and puts it in an
other pen. Next he counts what's left
and finds ho has 32. After a little
figuring ho finds how many in the
whole Hock. Very practical. I gucbi
dad didn't study that book. "
Tbo next book ho examined was >
"Milne's Inductvo ! Arithmetic , " edli
tlon of 1S79. In miscellaneous exam
ples he found the following :
Two ladders will together Just
reach the top of n building sovcnty-
flvo feet high. If the shorter ladder is
two-thirds the length of the other ,
what Is the length of each ?
"Why didn't ho measure each lad
der separately ? " John asked himself. '
"That problem is not practical. I
RUCSB dad is older than I thought. I
want an older book. "
The text book written in 18C8 was
handed to him. The book was evi
dently Influenced by the Civil war , for
it was filled with problems dealing
with battering down fortifications
and the sustenance of soldiers. One
problem was :
"If twelve pieces of cannon , eighteen
pounders , can batter down n fortress
In three hours , how long will it take
for nineteen twenty-four pounders to
batter down the same fortress ? "
"That's fine for a general , " John re
flected , "but dad says that I am going
to bo n captain of industry. "
Another arithmetic of the same date
had the famous fish problem , with
which John's teacher had troubled him
for six weeks before ho himself finally
explained It to the class. The fish
problem is.
"The head of n fish is ten inches
long. Its tail is UB long as its head
and one-half the body. The body Is
as long as the head nnd toll both.
How long is the fish ? "
Very handy problem for a butcher.
Partners for Years But Never Speak
YORK. In one of the largo
NEW
wholesale houses in this city
there are flvo partners. Two of them
have not spoken to each other except
over the telephone for twenty years.
Their private offices are not more
than twenty feet apart and they see
each other a score of times n day , but
they meet and pass without the slight
est sign of recognition. If it becomes
necessary in the course of business
for them to communicate with each
other they do so either by calling a
stenographer and dictating a memo
randum or else by being connected
on the telephone 'over their private
line. They never speak face to face.
A quarter of a century ago those
flvo partners were young men with
email capital. All of them had been
employes of the same concern , but
they had their own ideas and believed
In them. So they put their money to
gether and formed a partnership. The
now business was successful from the
very start. Each man had his own
particular brunch to look after and
each was a specialist who did his part
to perfection. Their separate inter
ests in the firm BO interlocked and
they worked together BO harmonious
ly that within flvo years they were on
the high road to fortune. It was Just
at this time Hint these two partners
fell out. It arose from a trifling dif
ference their wives had. "Naturalfy
each partner , through loyalty to hlq
spouse , took her side , and the quarrel
grew so bitter that it culminated ID
blows being exchanged. Then they
vowed they never would speak to each
other again. The other three partners
saw that if this course were pursued
it would spell ruin After a lengthy
conference , in which tbo two , dls
putants were called In separately , the
proposition was put to them that they
should agree to remain with the firm ,
of which they were essentially im
portant parts , and should hold com
munication with each other only on
business matters and then either In
writing or by telephone.
This is the plan that has been fol
lowed to thlB day and IB likely to be
pursued to the end. "When these twc
enemies talk over the telephone they
converse with all the polite amiability
of old business associates ; they dls
cuss prices , business propositions nnd
the various nrobleniB with which they
arc mutually concerned.
"Old Rags , Old Iron" Set to Music
. An outdoor school for
BOSTON.
making musical rag men , hawkers
ind street vendertf"is the latest educa
tional novelty established in this city.
Miss Caroline E. Wenzol , a fair sat-
Element worker and a graduate of
Vassar , Is the originator of the idea
&nd solo instructor. Miss Wenzel be
lieves that If the voice of the rag man
nnd peddler must be tolerated it
should Issue forth from the throats in
flute-like tones. She confidently be
lieves that once her method becomes
a fixture a person , Instead of feeling
obliged to slam down the window on
a hot summer day or fret and fume
over the gutteral cries of the mer
chants of the thoroughfares , will
throw open the window and bo lulled
into peaceful slumber through the
melodious strains of "Raga and Dot
ties , " "Olo Iron/1 "Soap Grease" and
"Juicy Lemons. "
MlEB Wcnzcl has established hrr
outdoor school at Washington street
and Massachusetts avenue nnd ban
nearly n score of pupils. The young
woman is popular with the vendors.
She got her idea from H trip abroad
last year. Her method IH simple. She
finds out a man's business and in
structs him accordingly , she sug
gests expression to fit his wares and
teaches the correct pronunciation of
these expressions.
Her musical inntructldn is similar
to what the musical teachers advo
cate for the production of a good
ringing "head tone "
Expected Twin Babies But He Found
pHICAGO. "Come home twins ! "
V * A mandatory order to a police
man of the Hyde Park station flashed
from his home to the station at mid
night. The policeman obeyed , Just as
he has done each year at the sum
mons to "como home" upon the ar
rival of new members of the family
ten of them during the last ten years.
Sergt. Bartholomew Cronln , the
father , left his desk duties at the po-
Hco station and rushed to his house
at 7019 Indiana avenue. Within were
signs of aot'.Tlty ; lights flashed and
above the din of excitement could be
Heard Hie wall of several of the small
Cronlns. Even Polly , the red Durham
cow , which furnishes milk for the
group , seemed affected and mooed In
unison with the crying children.
The police nergeant hesitated at the
threshold then doffed his helmet anc
entered. Ho sought lirst the physi
clans , two of them , who talked dlsln
terestedly with noine of the children
Ono of them said :
"Sergeant , this case IB one most un
usual. It should bo brought to tin
attention of dairymen throughout tht
country. A full-sized male and fo
male. Mother and offspring doing
nicely. You might drop a word to
the farm Journals. "
Then a veterinary Burgeon ap
peared and Joined In the congratula
tions.
Polly , the red Durham cow , hud
given birth to twlo culvec.
AC PfWB
iMmiimMMmtmiimmtmimiimiMftmiitMttmtmtimr For Infanta and Children ,
The Kind You to
Always Bought
-
ALCOHOL-3 PER CENT
/ Vegetable Preparation For As-
slmilnling Hie Food ami Regula Bears the
I ting ll c Stomachs and Bowels of
I iNfANTSrt H1L1WEN Signature
Promotes Dif slionCliccrful-
ness and Rcsl.Contains neither of
Opium .Morphine nor Mineral
55 NOT "NARCOTIC
Apcrfccl Remedy forConsllpa-
lion , Sour Stomach.Diarrhoea
t Worms .Convulsions Jcvcn ah-
ness and LOSS OF SLEEP. '
<
! IFac Simile Sifinatureof _ ?
f. )
Thirty Years
7irE CENTAUH CoMPAWVA
guaranteed under Uio
Exact Copy of Wrapper.
Think of Last Summer
v fc-
You can remember days when the heat inside your
kitchen was so great you could hardly bear it. With the
right stove you would have made a better hostess. Save
your health. Don't put up with the drudgery of a coal
range. You can have a clean , cool , pleasant kitchen. The
Oil Cook-stove
does away with all drudgery ol
cooking. Why should you be a
'
slave to a coal range when' you
can have nn Oil Cook-Stove that la
cheaper than coal , cleaner than coal ,
doesn't "nmcll , " doesn't smoke , Hghta
Inatantly.canbc put outinstnntly.leavea
no ashes , nnd doesn't beat the kitchen ,
With one of these Btovco you can boll ,
bake or roast the most elaborate dinner ,
You can change from a slow to a quick
fire , or the other way about , by simply
turning n wick. Apply a match , and in
stantly the heat from an intense blue
flame ehoota upward through the tur
quoise-blue enamel chlmneyn to the
bottom of pot , kettle or oven but no
where else. The stove haa every conve
nience that can be thought of : Cabinet
Top with Bhelf for keeping food and
dishes hot , drop ohclvcs to hold coffee X
_ . _ or teapots , towel rack ; in fact every ' 4
? e 7hufltov ° - 2 convenience possible.
that the name-plate The nickel finish , with th brlcht blue o |
reads "New Perfection. " the chlmneyi , makes the move ornamental
and attractive.
Made with 1 3 and 3 burner * ; the 3 and 3-burner otoves can be had with or without (
Cabinet. i M
Irerr dealer ertrrnlierb. If net at 70011 , wilt * for Desrrlptlra Circular to tha nearest atone ? of the
Standard Oil Company
( Incorporated )
Adversity is sometimes hard upon a
man ; but for ono man who can stand
prosperity there are a hundred that
will stand adversity. Carlylo.
Mrs. IVIniloir'H Soothing Syrup.
Forchllilrnn tcoiUilna. iwrionstlioifiiinu , rcilucrsln-
fl4jumaUon , llajriuilneuros wind cullc. o a bottle.
A geniuses a man who tries to bor
row money and gels It.
Don't Persecute
your Bowels
Cot rot MlWtJa and nnfaarta. They an tnbj
uuu > i nnnffmiify. Trr
CARTER'S LITTLE.
LIVER PILLS
Purdf TteeuUa. Aax
BCOUJT oo tzio uTOf
luiUQtlt ktW
frTVi j
tooths the d Iic t ,
ncmbnaa M m
ciilKabowd. , 1
Cm C a-
EicJt Heaiact * uU Tirft ! t ! a , u r > ; ntnovr. .
Small Pill. Small Dote. Small Plica
GENUINE mutt bear tignature :
or MDt prepaid furlfc.
llinOLU 60MER3
* Htif Twh
STOCKERS & FEEDERS
Choice quality ; reds nnd roaim ,
white faces or lingua bought nn
order * . Teiia of 1'lioiiMiiidH to
fcelrct from. Satisfaction Guar
anteed. Correspondence Invited.
Come and ace tor joureclf.
National Live Stock Com. Co.
Al either
EaniaaCily.Mo. SI.Joieph.Ma. S. OmahaHeb.
Saint Katharine's School
For Girls
EPISCOPAL
Davenport. I own
Academic , preparatory , and primary urndc.t.
Certificate accepted by KiiNteru collegea. Bpc-
elal ndYantapes iu Music , A ftDomestic Silence
* ndOymnaalum.AddrcuTlieSliter Superior.
WESTERN CANADA
What Governor Donesn , of Illinois ,
Say * About Iti
oor Deunflii. of IlllnoU. emu aa * .
"on ot Und la Huk toh w p.
Oanaja. He hw ( old la
| an Intorrlowt
"A * an American X am
delighted to eo the r-
mnrkahl * prooreaa of
WMtern Canada. Oar
people ar ( looking aqroM
Iho txranunrr In thoa *
tanni , and I bare not r |
mot one who admltiaa
h * had made a mliuko.
Tber are all doloa wall.
There ! aoaroely M nom.
mnnltr tn the Middle or
Weitern StktM thiil HM
repRMntntlra In Manitoba.
Uukatcliewan or Alberta. "
125 Million Bushels of
Wheat in 1909
Wettarn Gftnaiia field crept for
ISW trill r-MI yl. M to tht firm.
cr ei70.000.rttfO.00 In CM.Ii.
FrooIlnuiMtraiUof 160 aero * ,
nnd -oniptlou * of lOOnore *
nt 93.OO nn acre. Knllwnr and
Land Oompnnle * have land for inle
at reasonable prlcra. Mnnr fnrra-
era linro palil for tlirlr land out
of the procxHxU of one crop ,
flplendlu cllmato , jrorxl oAhoolf ,
nxcollont rallnrnr laolUtlee.lon
frulclit rntei , womi , water and
lumber riullr obtained.
JTor pimphlet"J.n t IM Wert , "
particular * a * to ale > ble lootloa
and low mttlon * rate , apply to
Hop't of Immigration. Ottawa ,
Oou. , or to Canadian Oo ' A * o * .
W. V. BENNETT
Room 4 Bu Bldr. Oraihj , Nib.
( Usoaddrrtanearaitjoa. ) (1) ( )
Work While
You Sleep
Millions of people have GAS-
CARETS do Health work for
them. If you have never tried
this great health maker Get a JOc
box and you will never uae ony
other bowel medicine. ou
CASCARRT3 loc a box for ft wtck' *
treatment , oil drusrcUU. BlggeJt aellcf
iu the \vorld. tllTllou boxei * month.
pint v mat initic -
CIiriL Very Taloublo uork just pnbuiutU.
100pa e ,60tWwordi. Actualeip r-
rntt & & Twin I'alla Country , Idaho.
Jlook worth 11.00. Hendname ot OT
or raoro ' friends interested In Irrigation and reo lT
W , N. U. , LINCOLN , NO , 27-1910.