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About Custer County Republican. (Broken Bow, Neb.) 1882-1921 | View Entire Issue (July 4, 1907)
r : -r- : GREAT WORKS AND' ' THEIR . . ' : COST IN HUMAN LIVES \ , / Spanning Wide Rivers , Erecting Sltyscrapers , Boring Tunnels and Subways , Not Done Without Many F ataIities. \ , Tales of Heroism Relieve RecitDl of Appalling Disasters- Hairbreadth Encnpes and Startling Adventures Form , Part of the BuUding Up of the Grcat City of the Futurc-Ulmmunes" Sought All Over Earth. Now ; York.-Not millions ot dollnrs nlOIio : nor the sltlll of cIeslgnora , nor the cunning of crnftsmen ent01' Into the mnltlng of a great city. Sky. crUlCrS , brIdges , tunnels nnd Ruh. waYlJr must bo llUrcllascd at 0. heavy cost of humnn lIfo. It'ow roallzo ho many men cIlo that 0. gl'eat public work may bo crentell. EnghlelJrR nl\l buhd rs sny thnt tl1 anctlflco Is In. , ovltnblo. Six tunnel syslems are ho- Ing conslructml under the Norlh nnd , Enut rlvors. According to ono csU. Imnto , there Is ono nll1n killed In them , 'on ' 1U1 nvorage , for every day ot the yonr , A well.lmown onglneer haa es- thnt 'ovory floor of a modern building ot protentloua slzo lms cost Ufo , elthor In the fOl'esls where the In timber hils been cut , In the coal and Ilron mines , nnd stone qunrrles , the Isteol mills , the cnl8sons sunle deep In Itho earlh for the foundations , or In 'tho ' ateol sUllorstructurefl thnt rlso 11nc01l1O to the sky. Hairbreadth Escapes. Yet the spirit ot adventure wnlltS Ihand In hand with donUI. Whllo mnny Uves were lost thnt the Brooltlyn and WlIllnmsburg bridges might bo built , .thero were escapes by tbo worlnnen engaged on them thnt would soeUl grotesque 111Hl Improbnblo it put Into In novol. A man mny dlo for every dny at the year during the construction lot 0. cnsslon or rlvor tunnel , but the mon who escnpo tell , storIes that \Voultl enhance the fame ot IIugo , Poe. , or Eugene Sue. The sacrlfIco ot life 11n llUbllo worlts , too , la a stO'1'Y allUrt Ifrom the record of seven lives ended Iby vlolenco In this city for every da ) ' /In / th year. It talccs no count of tbe Imo11 , women and ch11dron kl11OI by \accldonts \ In the streets-Qno vlcUrn Iror every sunsot. A hint of the ancrlfIco ot lIfo In ) lub worlts waa found In the records 0 : the board .of aoronors In Manhatt.\n /Last / your there were 2,160 d aths b ) Iviolenco In the boroughs , and ,684 , 01 j11cnrly one-third , wor ! ) caused by falls lexploslons , the collapse ot eartb In ex Icavatlons , lrematuro blaats. nml fall lIng roclm nnd Umbors. ' 1'ho rIver tU11 Inols were ) lushed forwal'd at the cos lof 68 Uvoa , or .13 In the Ponnsylvnnlr 'tormlnnl ' works , 2 ( ) In the Dolmen : tunnel , two in the subwny borIngs un 'dor ' the Enst rIver , and Un'cu Iii lIlt iHudson cOlllpnny's termlnnl at Churcl 'II.m ' Doy streots. The ol'ectlon of the Brooklyn Irhlg ( - - - - - - - - - when ho heculllo an Invalid trom ex. Ilollure , overwork nnd anxloty. The Dondly "Dends. " ' 1'ho centers ot Interest In this great onglneerlng feat wqro the calssons- IlIlgo wooden hoxea sunle 40 Coot be. low the water IIno , to hold the foundu- tlons-and In these caisson dlseaso , or "tho bonds , " caused endless anxiety. 'rho dlsouso Is the moro danlorous because - cause the I1hyslclan8 have not made up theIr minds precisely what It Is. Men who worle under compressed air In tunnela or caissons are seized WIUl cramps , severe pains In the jolntlJ , and dizziness , nnd nro doubled up I 1I1to jacltlmlves. Not InfreflUOnUy ! llUralysls and death follow. The roe ) lorts ot the hu11dlng oC the Drooltlyn brldgo show that there were 28 case a ot 'tho bel\ls , " three at them eudhlg In death. Whllo the caisson worle was under wny a dlsnlltrous flro occurred In thO box on the Brooklyn sldo In Decom. bel' , 1870. The chamber was fIooded , and the dama/o / cost weeks ot labor nnd dolay. On the day or the fire Col. Roobllng spent aoven hours In the caisson. When ho returned to tbo surface ho was partially pnralyzed. ' 1'hls was ono at the causes ot bls III health. 'fhoro wore between 30 and 40 fatal nccidonts whllo the towers and super. structure ot the bl'1dgo were building. ' 1'hreo of the worltmon were kIlled by falling dorrlclts on the Drooklyn I towor. ' 1'wo morc foil trom the Man. hattan tower and receIved fatal In. juries. I Border 011 Humorous. Some ot the escapes , miraculous 1l l they seemed to bo , were not without tholr suggestions ot bumor. Ono worlumm fell trom tbo Mnnhattnn an9horago to tbe ground , 80 toot below - . low , strucle a )1110 ) of lumber , and lived to tell at It. Ho struck the lumber with such force that ho broke ono of , Iho planks neatly In the mlddlo. Another - . other worltman plunged Into ouo ot - the well holes In the Brooltyn ! tower. - At the bottolll , 104 feet bOlow , wna n 11001 of water with an empty cement bnrrel fIontlng around In It. The failIng - Ing man hmded on the barrel and - rolled air Into the wntor. Ho was' j ullly slightly hurt. 1 \mpl'ecedontod record was lIIado \"hon the Williamsburg brldgo was ) built between 1897 and 1904. AlI - I b-r : ; : ; . _ \ \ . . . .n . . ; : . . - . " . . ? - - - . : " ' III/ " . . . , . , ' - , - = - - ' : " - ' IrfYV c : : : _ --1 I ; ' ' ' ' ' \ ? $ l O FEET TO ' ' ' ' , lt1 ? 'fl'Ik'C 200 ' , ; J:2 : : - : > J , -THEEI/8r . . . . flETIf80l& } : ' ' - . , - ? . , ( R/VE ' THE'RIVER. ' . .Y . : ) . . . . , . , . . ' II. . . . . , IlECtfIlJ LEb , LOJ LY TtJ TIlE . . . . . 8A'OKLY TohiER ' . - - . . . - - : - - - . - - . / . . . " . . . . . . - . : - ( I. - - t.t-- ' ; = - . . . . - & " . , ; . . . 0 - . - ' . - r- = " 3. - . . . . - - ! r- : ; " ' ' : ' < ' ; , 'iI' . . . ; . . . - . . ; . . . . . . , . . _ ) 0 - ; ; ; = > ' / . $ " , - < ' ) .z : : . " > . - . . . " " ' - fIt. - tJ . . + - 'between 1870 anll 1883 advancCll to rtho accompallhuent ot casunlty amI I .death. Jolm A. Roobllng , the first on. Igineor In chief . . . , lost bls Ufo as the ro- . . s lt of bls..res110nslblUtiea lUul nn Injury - : jury receIved whllo nt worle on the brldgo. His oldest son , Col. W. A. Roe lh g , succeeded hlm but the brldo ! was stili In Us early stagcs _ of though ns Jnan ' as 2EiO men worke at 011 co under compressed all' III t1 calssolls , not n slnglo dea.th frQm "tI heuds" was reported. ' 1'ho hm lessens ot tbo Hroolel11 brldgo cal aous hall beoll well lenl'lled. At fir : th ! ) "sand hogs" wOI'ked In elght.hol shlfla. 'fho working porlods awel cradually reduced as the cal lsOi . 'I ' , ' ' - - - san1e dC9Iier an oepol' benenth the rlvor hed , uutll , when the workmen were 107 feet below water level , the shifts hnd been reduced to two 1\ day , of 4G mlnutos each. The "sutul hogs" i were provIded with dressing rooms , hot haths , stonm elovntors to cnrry them to the surfnce , nto1d plenty of hpt coffee. Some of the men were attacked hy cals80n dlsense , hut none of thom ended fntally. This great public work wns not to bo nccmupllshed , however , without the usual trllJulo oC human lICe. , The worltlng force on the brldgo vnrled from 400 to 800 men. ' 1'wonty of thelll were killed , mostly b ) ' fnlla. Aa was the case with the Brooklyn bl'ldg . some of the escaelJ were grotesque , SOIllU almost miraculous. Wlillamsburo Bridge Fire. Muuy New Yorlters will rocnll the slllel\llId slleclaclo ono night early In November , 1902 , when burning 011 a11l woodwOI'k ate ) ! the Manhattan tower or the brhlgo uhono ever the city IIko 0. blnzlng moteor. Then the llrolllen , powerless to fight the blaze 100 feet In the nlr , watched the flames spread to the swayln foot brldgos until they becnmo great felltoon ot running In-o. Sovernl men were on tbo brldgo at the tlmo , but they nil oscapod. Ono . . ! / / ' /JYNIlI1/TE EXPL08/0N/ / ' , . -t' j't ; VtRk'HEHo ' " . - - ' , J-7 .JfJ' : A RlCvLICT1EfiR T .CIiVE-IN ptlT Or If fZOOfE/J..CIl/c5 OtY of them crossed the traverse platform from ono blazing foot brldgo to the other jUiit as the burning structure , fell. For awhile ho hung there ever tbo rlvor awnylng to nnd fro 1I1to II. spidel' whose web Is torn by the wind. Then he climbed to the big cable overhead nnd crawled slowly to the Brootlyn tower. When the brld/o / was nearly finished - ished a/rlvotor slipped on o.n Icy platform - form and CeU 150 feet to the East rlvor. lIe turnml severnl somersnults on his way down , strucle the water with a gl'eut splash , and was fished out almost unInjured. Later { rIvet- er's apprentlco stepped on a greasy glrdor , slllliled 111Hl feU to tbo ground , 100 Ceet bl'neath. Ho landed In a heap of sand , got up and loolecd nround , ns ho salll later , "to sco It ho was dead. " Ills only Injuries were a brokenal'm \ nnd some bruises. Lives Lost In Subway. In the building ot the subway there have been nearly 750 accldonta , costing 90 Ilves , ur four victims for every mlle of tracle. HardlY had the worle been started , In 1900 , when failIng - Ing rock In the south heading ot the Ono Hundred and Slxty.elghth street tunnel killed fIve workmen nnd Injured - jured two others. A similar nccldent in ono ot the Murrny Hill tunnels cost the lIfo of Maj. II'a A. Shnler , a sub- contractor. Cblof Englneor William B. Pal'sons. who wns with him , had a narrow escupo. 'rho explosllon of dynamite In the same section of the worle , near FOl'ty. second soreet , on January 27 , 1902 , slmttorecI the windows for bloeks around and killed five persons , four ot thel11 being In the Murray IIIlJ hotel. In October , 1903 , another fal ] of rock neur Fort George ldlled teD workmen. It wus not these mora sorlous accl , dents , however , that sweUed the lIs1 ot dead In subwa ) ' building to a for mhlablo total. Rather was It th < casualty to slnllo workmen or t < some careless bystandor-death' II the dark recesses of the ast rlvCl tunuels 01' n Harlem bluff , the 1'0 , sutts of mlsste)1 ) that sent a worle man craahlng Inlo tl e depths of III ellen trench , InjurIes trom fnlIhll UmlJors , or lives snuffed out hy mls ! d calculated blnsts , or an avnlancho 0 10 soggy soil. In 1900 , when the sul 10 way was starll ! , 27 wOl'kmen lUll -d eight oulshlors were In\'olvell In accl sdent ! : ! mol'o 01' less sorlous , Cor st sh'uctlvo work waR In llrogross a II' mau ) ' 11OInl6 In 1901 , and thU l\UmlJo ro of casualtlol1 was swolloll to 17G. 0 IS lhoso ItlllOll 01' Injured , 1513 wer , 'to > . ,1 , . 0 - workmen , thrco h'lon ed to the engineering - gineering stnff , Dnd 17 were persons 1I0t connected with the operations. In the two years the subway cost 16 lives , nIl but ono of the victims bolnll workmon. Again In 1902 the 118t was formillable. Twenty.ono liveR wore 10Rt nnd 214 persons were hurt , 199 of them being employes. Danacrs of Compressed Air. With all IlI'ecnutlons It Is nppnrent. l ' Imp09slble to prevent "tho bends' " clnlmlng It.'J vlcthns. 'fwo "sand hogs' died In 0110 day last October , for Inslanco , becn1lse , ns the doctors believed. they had passed too quickly from the compressed ahloclts to the smfnco. A cOIISlllcuous examillo wa the death of YOllng Chanlling llullard 011 Jnnuary 8 , lost. Bullard was a big , hURky fellow : n graduate of Cam. brltlgo Latin achool , nnd an eq1Crt : l'1'ctl1lclan. JIo started to learn tun. neUng , and decided to begin at the hottom by becoming a. "sand hog. " 110 pussed tbo examinations and went to work on a Mondny mornlnI ; ns a h'draullc fitter in the ! Jonnaylvnnla tunnel under Uoo Enst rIver. When ho came to UIO surfnce that nl ht ho almost fainted with "tho bends. " The physlclnn took him bacl Into the tuu. nel , put. him In the medlcnl airlock at the foot of tbo shnrt , and , ns Is usually the case , "recompressod" hIm -that Is , treated him under the I1res- sure of compressed air.Tho next morning Bullard was unconscious. He wns sent to a hOBIltal , and died that evening. In his case It was said that he had Bright's dlseaso which developed - oped rapidly under nil' pressuro. Search World for "Immunes. " ' 1'ho necessity at obtaining "sand hops" wIth these llccullar physical qualifications. W1U1 tlmnel bulldlng In U\la city to an extent bItherto Wl- I1rocodented for tunnel worlwra , and not a IItUe difficulty In obtaining the required number. The PennsylvanIa rall rontl , for instance , literally soarcbed the world for men ot experience - perience to bulld the tunnels. 011 the crosstown shafts they have scores ot Austrians who get UlClr exporlenco In the Slmplol tunnol. The euglneorB nml foremen Include men who have tunneled in EgY11t , South AfrIca and England. As many as 6.000 mon have been employed at ono time on the : Mc- Adoo tunnel project. On account of the constant me naco to life and 11mb. tholr wages are 1ll'oporUonately largo. Chief CauGe of Danger. The largo number of casualties on the North rlvor wOI-la is explained by the pocullar 111f11culUes of thj work. The East river tunnels were drIven largely through rock. In the North river the tunnels must be drIven through masses ot seCt silt , varying from oozing mud to troacher , dns quicksands. 'rho compressed ah must bo mnlntnlned nt a higher I1res' sura to keep out the wator. ' 1'he dnn , ger is greatest from a "blowout" 01 n lonk , with Its sudden inrush 01 wnter. Indeed , the old hendlng at tbe L tunnel which crosses the North rlVOI at Morton street wns abnndonod alone ono time becnuso so many lives wor ( lost by "blowouts. " Last Jammr ) ' olght "sancI hog. ' fought for tholr lives In n calssol nearly 100 CeetUHler ground , nt tlll Hudson c011lpanies' terminal at Fult"l nnd Church stroets.rrhoro was { - "blowout" nml a sudden Inrmlt 0 - water. The eight mon scrambled to 1 the ladder reaching up to the dClO . ; ' ot the alrlocle. 'rho olonlnl ) ; was enl : Ilargo enough fol' ono mnn to pas t through at a time , nnd the mon fough , . on lho ladder to bo the first to rMcl : l It. ' 1'wo of them foIl bnck Int ! } th t- water In a struggllnl ; henp. A thlrl I- Ipt his head thrllulh lho door al\ll wa t dmggod bacl { by two othors. All t.hre I' fell on a. . fourlh , ntHI al1 hall a .1I1c1 If Ing. Flnall ) ' the rescuers In the all e locl { holsled them fl'om their trap. , ' I' - SAftGUARO THE HOME . GOOD CITIZENS ARE THE DUL- WARK OF THE NATION , EDUCATION AND PROTECTION Two Vital Things to Dc Considered by Those Who Would See the . Greatest Progress and Advancement. Whel'o Is found the greatest advancement - vancement and clvll1zatlon there la also found 11Inong the people the blgh- est typo of Cealty and love at bome. The AmerIcan homes are the most substantial pillars of tho' nation's greatness , and In American citizen. ship la found the bulwarle at our republican - publican government. Where the homo Ufo Is Ideal , there Is Cound genuine patriotism whlcb Is alwnys commensurate with tbo en- I1ghtemnent and the domestic haplll- ness ot the people. How Important It Is tben that every safeguard bo thrown about the home , whIch Is the hotbed where are produced for development - . , opment al1 the strength that Is necessary - sary for the perpetuation of 0. govorn. ment and the malntenanco ot a. na- tlon's greatness. 'l'ho student who will study Into conditions of the countries tbat are continually wrecltcd by Internal tur- 111011 , such as Russia ancI the Central American republlcs , wIll discover the homes nro far from Ideal homes , and that there Is an absence ot the love ot country that should bo found In the . hearts oC Its citizens. ' 1'here Is a dut ) that Involves upon all , and which Is duo to the generations growing and t come. 'fho duty Is to surround the home wIth such environments as wIll maltO It attractlvo nnd develop In the growing youth thb blghest qualities oC manhood uncI womanhood. Where tbe people are oppressed by monarchy and feudalism there is no Incentlvo to develop the highest state of bomo Ufe. In America whcro nil are upon an equal plane and opportunities are open to every citizen , and w ere the people are secure In their rIghts to homes , there Is ever reason wb ) ' each ono should malte the greatest endeavor - deavor to found for bhnseU and his progeny a residence place that wIll be sure from Intrusion and be an Incentive - centive to higher mental and social development. . Education is all Important and no other country In the world offers to all such glorIous advantages to receive - ceivo enl1ghtenment as does the United - ed States. It Is Important tbat the home be located near good schools. Good scbools nro general1y found where there are good bomes and good towns. The quality of citizenship ot a community can generally be gaged by the standard at Its educational InstI. tuUons. It Is' Important to the homo bulldor that the town wherein ho Is located - cated or which he may reside near. bo a progresslvo place. And the bet. ter that this town be , the bettor wIll bo Its educational facilities for tbe youth. It Is essential to the greatest good ot a community that it bo realIzed - Ized by all residing within it that the moro wealthy It can be made , the greater wIll be Its advantages both as to education and other\ylse. By sup. port to homo Institutions the bome Is made better In every way. Patriotic c1t1zan.a : wIll mf m It their first aim tc be loyal to their own homo Intereste atul tIten their state and atlon. Om who Is loynl to home Is general1 faithful In the performance of all thE duties that good citizenship implies. Who Makes the Town ? The editor ot the paper nt Coyle Olela. , asks In largo letters , "Wh < maIms the town 1" To malte a tOW1 roqulres the worle of many people. II Is surely not tbo man who earns hlf wages In the town and then spendl hIs earnIngs elsewhere ; not the farmer or who sells hIs produce to the hem ( merchant and then talccs the moneJ to the express or post office and sendl It to the Chicago mall or er housl for the goods ho needs ; nor the minister tor who Is pnld for preaching by tilt business Interests of the place , anI spends his spare time In worldng UI grocery clubs for an outside concern No , brother , these men do not malel towns. Gov. Folk on Home Trade. " 'Vo are proud of our splendid cltle : I and wo want them to Increase it Iwealth I and population and wo nIsI I want our country town to grow. 'VI I wish the city merchants to bulltl U ] , . but we also desire the country mOl chants to prosper. I do not bol1ovo it the mall order citizen. If a place I ; good enough for a man to lIve In anI malto his mone ) ' In , It Is good onoug ] tor him to spend his money In. ' ' Misfits In Songs. "I'm going to see n new Amorlca ! play to.nlgh1 , " she was saying. "It' ; by an Engllsh author. All the bes American ) lla's these da's are wrlttel by Engllsh authors. " "I hope they are morc apropos thai the songs they wrlto , " remarked he frIend. "Hnvo you forgotten the En { l1sh song that had a chorus about th 'Cotton fIelds way down In Old Nm Jersey' ? " Killing the Small Towns. It Is hnposslble to build up town without there being business to en ploy the peol110 who resldo In then 'rho IIInll ordel' system oC doing bus ness Is Itl11lng 01T lho small town , an as a result the farmel's residing neD them suITor by having 111001' marlcc nnd lloor schools and othol' blossln { of the 1lnd that go with the 11\0 tOWI Not alone this but Carm values I kevt down. - - - , . . / / ' $ - I' NO TIME . People Who Are Either Too Busy or < : ; , \ Too Indolent for Self.lmprovement. , - . . That person who tulees no Interest " In aftalrs of his fellow mon , who falls j to keep blmself Informed as t what ' Is transpiring nround him , Is fnr from being either progresalv or well.ln. formed. These dn's when papers and n\agazlnes nro so plonttrul and so cheap , there Is IIttlo excuSe for the I average person not keeping closely In touch with events , and particularly l keoplng enlightened ns to what Is transpiring that may affect his own , Individunl Interests. \ One oC the great beauties , and an I extraordinary JlI'lvllege oC our Amer. . Ican Corm of government , Is the right . oC ever citizen to taltc a part In pub. 110 nffalrs and particularlY In gov. ornmentnl transactions. How many follow part ) ' leaders , perhaps bllndly , and too late find tbat they made errors - rors through not having understood the situation 1 How many' who aro' negllgont In the stud ) ' oC measures that are brought up for consideration both by stnto nnd national leglslatlvo bodlos , ancI too late find thnt unwlso laws were enacted that directly oppressed - ( " pressed certain cla ses to the ad. t , , vantage of others ? IIow many people are gnthered In b ) ' alluring promises made In the finely prlntO\ literature _ sent broadcast throulh the country for the purpose of exploItation ot fraudulent stocle companies , just through not Iteeplng Ihformed as to the means and methods employed b ) ' schemerJ { to entrap the unwary ? It Is conservatively esthnated that each year more than $50,000,000 , are talton from the earnings oC tbe people just through the operations at fmuduhmt mining , oil , Insur\nce nnd like con- cerns. It would bo Impossible for the promoters ot such frauds to exist were the people careful readers of tbe newspapers and the magazines , the pales of which are filled with accounts - counts of the doings at "get.rlch- quick" schomes. ' 1'hesc da's there Is every opportunity - tunity for self.lmprovement. Rural dellverlos carry papers to the most , remote farms , and telephones connect . . . tbe farmhouses In the average com- munlty. It tbe people were only to ut11lze the means so close at band , and to take the time to read , and ex- amine' Into such propositions as interest - est them. there would bo less cause for complaint on the part of these who perchance got their "fingers blla- ' tered. " It Is evident from the success ' ' ' ' that exploltors ot schemes meet with , that tbo majority at people lack good business judgment , or that they nre _ " : bllnded by some Inberent gambling de- ' . - : sire. It Is always a Bafe plan to avoId " 4 any Investment that offers more than legItimate returns on nn Investment. Any proposition tbat w111 pay even ton per cont. a year , and where the prIncipal is aecurod , can find all tbo capital that may be required for its operation , without calling upon the oneral public. It Is only the uncor. tain kind of investments , the ones that are 0. "gamble , " such as mining , and the I1ko. that are most prominent In the advertising columns of the pa- pers. The basis on whIch the promoters - ors work , Is the inclination ot the people - plo to seele great returns for lIttle monoy. It is the sarno sentiment that allows numerous establisbments 10- . cated In different parts of tbo country to dispose of cheap goods at enormous profits through holding out to the people - plo the premise of extraordinary' values. 'fho wolJ.informed man w11l avoid all Itlnds of In > estment schemes tbnt are designed to draw money ft'om I . . . the IJOckets of the people , and w11l , . . also refuse to buy anr : "pigs in bags , " , It matters not whether the matter of j barter be stocks and bonds or the necessaries - . . . . essaries ot life. Contrary to Home Building. Trade Is the Ufo of the agrIcultural town. Any system that diverts this trndo is Injurious to the community. BQro l1es the evHs ot the maH order system. By drawIng the trade from the towns , the principal support goes , nnd with Its going disappears the employment - ploymont for the people , the school s'stem , and the churcbes and all the advantages that the town aITords to tbo people ot tbo community. Not alone this but homo marltots are de. stroyed and the Carmer finds the value of his land reduced. Have the importance - tanco of homo tracIlng and homo support - port Instilled Into the minds of the farmers In general , and there w11l bo a rapid Calling oft ot the catalogue house patronage. I Importance of Good Roads. ' - The town that has good roads lead- Ins to It Is blessed. SUl'Oly there Is no moro disagreeable thing , nor anything - I thing moro ndverso to the business Interests ot a place than Impassable I boggy roads. 'I'hero Is a lIttle excuse In the well settled community Cor pOOL'a' ' roads. It may In the beginning bo somewhat expensIve to put the roads In order , but In the mid It w11l provo that the savIng In wear and tear on wagons nnd horses wlll well relll1Y nIl the additional eXllense. And to the town good roads nro almost vital. ' 1'ho nvetago : farmer wonld rather drive three or four mHes farther to a town over good roads tlll1n do his trading when It Is necessllry to go hub deep In mud to the nearer placo. ' Adulterated Foodstuffs. Recently a number ot samples ot coffeo. ox tracts nnd canned goods sent out b ) ' a promlum giving concern were examined by chemists In Missouri - Ito I souri a\1(1 In South Dalcota and found to bo greatly adulterated. 'I'hese goods were sold at prices as high liS the local gl'ocers chllrgo for the best clnss of articles. 'I'hoso who 11\0 careful of . . . health should 1I0t bu ) ' foodstuff that . . . comes from the mall order houses. or from the 11l'l'lIllulll giving concerns. , . " ' 0 0 " , , . . - o. J " " ) , > . '