THE RICH AND POOR VANDERBIITS
Some of Thorn aroni Poor as the Others Woalthy-Povorty of Ond
Is Worth Moro to tho Country Than tho Wealth of the Other.
George Vnndcrbllt, son of William
JI. Vnndcrbllt and grandson of tho old
commodore, who made the name fa
mous around the world, wan married
In Paris on the 1st day of June. Tho
mromnnv una heralded far and near.
Society on two contlncntB snapped up
its smallest details.
Perhaps no one read the news with
more Interest than William H. Vander
bllt, Jr., cousin of the Broom, citizen
of the village of Denmark, N. J. lor It
hns been noticed that William II. "fa
vors his cousin" In face and figure, and
he naturally feels some curiosity as to
the comings and goings of the man
who Is so close to him as kin, "If
something less than kind."
William H. Vanderbllt, Jr., did not
dance at that wedding, however. In the
brilliant Parisian society he would feel
very much at outs. Ho had far rather
go out to fish, If tne nsh are running,
or pick tip an odd Job at carpentering,
If there Is nothing of profit In fish.
For William H. Vanderbllt, Jr., cou
sin of the very rich man wedded In
Paris, Is a fisherman and carpenter. One
cousin is good at finance: the other at
carpentering. William II. cams $2 a
day, and supports himself, wife and
boy baby comfortably on that, and has
no desire to beg from his rich relations.
So. between the carpenter and the
millionaire there are no grudges, no
animosities. Each probably. Is happy
enough In his place. "Hut there Is
something of Interest In tracing how,
from a common ancestor, four genera
tions have made of one cousin an ar
tisan at $2 a day, and another a finan
cier who can afford to forget J2 a
second.
Old Jan Aoersten Von Der Bill lit
crally John of the Hills who came to
thhn country from Holland and settled
In Staten Island In 1050, Is the common
ancestor of both theso men, the fortun
ate man of the gaycty-charged Parisian
atmosphere and the contented man of
the hills of New Jersey.
Because Aaron, one of the descend
ants of the sturdy John of the Hills
chose to live on the coast of New Jer
sey Instead of on Staten Island, the
modern legend runs, there came the
parting of the ways of the Vanderbllts
and the founding of the rich nnd poor
branches of the famous family.
John and Jacob were grandsons of
the emigrants from the lowlands, ho
runneth the tale. They were brothers,
twins, some of the annals have It. In
due course of time both married and
begat sons. Aaron was the son of
John nnd Cornelius the son of Jncob.
These cousins kept a tavern at Quaran
tine and it was In a fair way of flour
ishing when Aaron went shad fishing aft
Bergen point ono day nnd became en
chanted with the seining possibilities
of the place. He sold out his Interest
In the tavern to his uncle, staked out
a shad ground at Bergen Point and
thither moved his household goods. And
so began the line of poor Vanderbllts.
Pishing Is not so profitable as tavern
keeping.
The Elder Cornelius prospered at the
Quarantine. He died possessed of some
thing In the way of houses nnd lands
He had begun the chase for the pot of
gold at the foot of tho rainbow. His
son, Cornelius, afterward known ns the
commodore, found It.
The Quarantine Inn fell to Cornelius,
die and his cousin John, son of Aaron,
(chatted over the bar many a time and
uft. They talked of the Joys of life
nnd the way that led to fortune. But
John loved nature and the shad that
came to his net nnd Cornelius, after
ward the commodore, loved human na.
jture, and studied his fellow man nnd
phe manner of extracting golden coins
(from him. John's course brought him
treat contentment, the commodore's
Krent wealth.
I FOUU GENERATIONS,
i Four generations have Bprung fron.
the Vanderbllt who preferred shad llBh
Ing to tavern keeping, and each Is
poorer than the last. In the process of
time a part of the name has sloughed
nway, and the Iron miners about Lake
(Denmark know the Belts" well. Of
the Vanderbllts In their midst no men
tion Is ever made. The family name
has lost itself.
One woman In the family of few
worldly goods has some pride of f am
ply. It Is she who keeps green the
memory of the relationship to the fam
ily of the railway magnates.
' This woman who upholds the pride
of genealogy Is Mrs. Elizabeth Vander
bllt Pierce of Lake Denmark. It Is she
who sees to It that at least one baby
Bprlng In the various family branches
shall bear the name of William H.
Vanderbllt.
A two hours' drive over the rocky
hills north of Rockaway. N. J., brings
the visitor to a hamlet of four houses
on the shore of little, gem-like Lake
Denmark. A few men engage In tar
cet nrnctlce beside the half tavern, halt
boathouse. Miners nnd fishers live In
the remnlnlng houses. A mile further
among tho abrupt, rocky slopes, live
the Vanderbllts' poor relations.
"B'ldln' this way's the house. T'other
the barn," the driver from Rockaway
Is sure to say, by wny of explana
tion, for the two are ns much alike as
the proverbial two peas. They are of
the same size. Both are weather-beaten
and have a sad, dependent-looking
!"Iean-to" at the back. Rank grass
grows In the not too generous space
between the barn nnd the house. Some
chickens of mongrel breed peck dts
ronsolutely among the stoneB in search
of the elusive worm.
"Will Belt and his sister, Miss Lizzie
Belt, lives here," says the driver, and
you lift tho rusty bucket hoop 'hat
serves as a latch for the gate and en
ter the "Belt" house by Its only en
trance, through the "lean-to." or shed,
nt the rear. "Miss Belt" admits you.
f"he Is the woman who has "pride of
family."
With her apron she placidly drives
away the hens that are enjoying their
midday siesta In the shed, and wttn me
tame bit of faded blue gingham wipes
tiT a chair and places It in the pleas
antest corner of the "living room" for
you. For there are but two rooms and
a shed In the house of these Vander
bllts. The loft has "curtained off"
Fpnces for the beds of the brother and
Flster. They cook, dine, do all the
housework and sit through the long
winter evenings In the 8x12 feet "living
j-oom."
IN THE "LIVING ROOM."
There Is a square of rag carpet In
the middle of the room. A rough dln
Inc table, a stove, an old-fashioned bu
reau that might please the taste for
antique furniture of the rich Vander
bllts, some green shades at the windows
and a rude cupboard comprise the fur
nishings of the "Belt" home, Meager
ness and neatness are the distinguish
ing marks of this home.
, "MIbb Lizzie Belt" Is known among
the miners as the keeper of a house
that Is as "neat as wax." No floors
are cleaner, no wlnd"ws brighter In
any house round abm Lake Denmark.
Her own face shin" with cleanliness
BOB AND MINA.
fBy Annie L. Dlggs.)
The boy and girl were very small and
A SPANISH HEROINE.
Since this war began one figure
stands out among the Spanish people
very old; smaller than they would have that commands universal udmlrallon
(,... t.r.,i thnv t.nn u-pii fpfi fiidpr than . for superb courage and devotion, and
they would have been but for hardships, she Is a woman.
grace of soap and water," Is her creed!
Her soft grny hair forms a fitting frarao
for her kindly face. Her matronly fig-'
ure Ib always clothed In clean but us
ually faded gingham.
Wholesome and kindly as In her na
turo Lizzie Belt has suffered from the
Inhumanity of man to woman.
Instead of being Elizabeth Vander
bllt, Spinster, she has the title of Mrs.
Elizabeth Vanderbllt Pierce, widow.
Her husband deserted her and eloped
with a woman who was a "friend of
hers." After twelve years the recreant
husband returned. The "other worn-,
nn" had died. But Mrs. Pierce, who
had adopted her family name, not only
for herself but her daughters, closed;
the door upon him, and when he died
shed not a reminiscent tear. She hns
seen both the daughters marry honest
and Industrious men, and she Is con
tent. Her contentment swells Into hap
piness when another baby boy comes,
so giving her nn opportunity for the
christening of another William H. Van
derbllt. 'My father, John Vanderbllt, and tho
commodore were cousins and friends,"
she said. "In their earlier life they
played together, and never lost sight
of each other as tliey grew older.
Father was alwayB welcome to the
commodore's home or his office, and
he was always Bure of a kind greeting.
When he grew feeble he did not call
on the commodore for yenrs, and when
his cousin died It was a great shock to
my father. We read In the paper that
the Jersey Vanderbllts had been re
membered In the will. Father was too
feeble to go alone nnd I went with him
to tho olllce. Wllllnm H. Vanderbllt
received us for a few minutes. I was
struck by the Btrong resemblance, bar
ring the difference In their clothes, be
tween the two.
"But father was as proud In IiIb way
as the other Vanderbllts. He had been
used to the freedom of life here, nnd
was ns well treated by the Rockaway
people who bought his fish as though
he hud been their company. It nettled
him to have to wait In the ofllce for
hours nnd pass through nn examination
by a half dozen clerks before he saw
the commodore's son, so he never went
again.
"My brother, there, whose picture
you see on the wall, looks like George
Vanderbllt, William H.'s son, so every
one who hns seen the pictures tells us.
"I can remember well my grandfather
Aaron Vanderbllt telling how he nnd
Cornelius were both brought up by an
aunt nnd how they had kept the tavern
nt the Quarantine and "hat a mistake
he had made in dissolving the partner
ship." The nephew of William H. Vanderbllt
and Mrs. Elizabeth Vanderbllt Pieice
live a stone's throw from them In a
gray, weatherbeliten duplicate of their
home. He Is a carpenter and fisher.
When there Is a dearth of building he
trolls on Lake Denmark and carries
a string of fish to Rockaway, where he
sells his finny prizes on the streets.
His baby son, Raymond, Is us healthy
nnd happy a youngster as 'Is the Infant
heir of the Duke of Marlborough and
son of the duchess, born Consuelo Van-'
derbllt. He, too, strongly ersemblesj
George Vnndcrbllt.
Behind nn especially rocky hill ten
minutes' walk from his brother's housd
Is Antony Vanderbllt. commonly known
on the countryside as "Tone Belt." HIb
pulses are less steady than those ot
other "poor Vanderbllts." When "Tonq
Belt" gones to a runerai, a rorm on
festivity to the lonely dwellers by Lake
Denmark, he Is likely to drive out of
the road. Mis characteristic Is a mark
ed convlvlullty. He Is the father of
William H. Vanderbllt, Jr.
At Beach Glen lives John Vanderbllt,
the owner of a large family but no
family pride. He Is a stone mason. All
three male Vanderbllts have sonB bear-i
Ing the name of Willi i n. Vanderbllt;
and all seem destine-' the Joint fam-.
Uy occupations of carp ntering and flBh
Ing. '
Mre Ludlow Dolan. of No. 231 Sixth,
avenue. Uosevllle. Newark-, la thq
daughter of Mrs. Elizabeth Vanderbllt
Pierce. She worked ns a domestic in
the family of the Dolans am married
one Ludlow Dolan of that family. At
the time of their marriage he was a
farmer with aspirations townrd the
trade of a stone mason. He was gradu.
ated from the farm and the college ol
stone masonry. Now he Is a Newark
builder. He and his good wife are a
sturdy, honest young couple.
And with It all, there Is no envy In
the hearts of the poorer Vanderbllti
who work with their hands, for the for.
tune of the Vnnderbllts who work with
their heads. New York Journal.
But Bob and Mlna were In love. They
did not know what to call It, they only
knew they were comfortable with each
other, often supremely content,
i Sometimes true, strong, devoted love
comes to very tender yenrs. Bob and
Mlna were Inseparable comrades; they
(trolled about the livelong day, holding
ach other by the hand. With their
blue, bony fingers Intertwined they
were not conscious of the gnawing
Jiungcr pain; they forgot their gaunt
Ktomachs. Bob had lived eight years,
Mlna seven. Both were strangers to
affection save that which each received
from the other. Their caresses were
limited to handclasps.
These children had homes, If It be
not sacrilegious to apply the word to
the rackety board Bhantles settled Into
the cluy bank close by tne coni snail,
where no shrub, no blade of grass, no
flower, nor even weed could grow.
ThlB young-old couple had mothers
and fathers, at least those who bore
'that physical relationship. Their par
ents were not brutnl nor unkind; they
were merely dull drudges, such ns exist
and slave In every coal mine, whoso
vitality was exhausted by slow, suc
cessive dnys of drudgery thot none was
left over for manifestation of affection
toward their offspring. When there
were bread ond potatoes, and sometimes
bncon In the shanty the children had
their full mensure of need ladled out to
them, even If their motherB left their
own share scant.
Days when the bread supply was
Bhort, Bob and Mlna kept hold of hands
almost constantly.
This day there was no brend In tho
shanties; the men were on a strike. Bob
nnd Mlna wandered down to the creek;
there wns shade there. The children
were weak; they walked unsteadily.
Ther was advantage In having hold of
hands; when one stumbled the other
prevented n fall. They seldom stumbled
both ut once; when they did they both
laughed their love wns so great they
enjoyed even their mishaps If shared
together. This day the heat sultry,
llfe-tnklng heat added to, or maybo
counter-Irritated, the gnuwlng hunger.
Bob and Mlna sat on the grassy bank
of the clear, pebbly brook, nnd talked
about bread. "Bob," said Mlna, "I
guess they ain't no more bread Is the
world, is they?" Her Ideas of the"
world were vague. "Oh, some bread Is
gettln' growed some place," replied the
hopeful Bob. There were long Inter
vals between their remarks. They wen?
too hunger-weak for steady talk.
The awful heat scorched and boiled
and found them out, even In their re
treat under the shade tree. As the sun
streaks burning through the scant
leaved places In their protecting tree
shifted across the dry grass the chil
dren moved languidly from time to
time to the shadier spots. At Sundown
the air was heavy, stifling, stagnant.
Mlna gasped for breath; Inward fever
was adding fuel to the outside torrid
heat. Her little pinched face flamed
red as the blood hued, angry sunset;
her eyes shone through the fever heat
like two round bits of deep, blue sky
She grew delirious. She leaned on Bob's
shoulder nnd now and then threw her
thin arms convulsively about his neck.
"Bob, oh Bob. Ihe bread's growed. I
Vee n whole great big loaf." The charm
of encircling arms could not quite still
the last famishing call of the starving
child. "Bob, which hurts worst, the
hot, or the cold, when the snow gltH
on the bed In the winter?" Mlna laugh
ed loudly and tightening her clutch
about his neck. Bob did not understand
the girl's strange mood, but he stroked
her hair and strove to quiet her while,
he tried to think If It ever hnd been
cold, and how that could possibly have
hurt. Mlna breathed faster. "Mlna, be
you tired?" No answer save a shiver
from the child. By and by her breath
ing ftrew more quiet. Bob could scarce
ly hear It; he bent his fae close to
hears. It yielded him supreme com
fort to hold liW one love In the world
so long. He would huve kissed her hnd
he known about that kind of caress,
but he had never been kissed, nt lenst
not since he could remember. His
mother fcn four listless -s.'A.v.d chll-
.dren younger than himself. She some-,
times Kissed tne youngest oaoy. iney
had each doubtless hnd their turn. Bob
had forgo"en hM time. 'Twns the
same In Mail's family, only there hart
been but three yojnger ones, and tho
baby had died, so no one got kissed.
At last Bob could not hear Minn
breathe at all. Her arms fell limp. het
gathered her closer. He did not know
that she was dend. But he wns grow
ing uncomfortable. The spell of her
presence wns unable to longer hold him
above the hunger craving. "Mlna, Mlna,
wake up; I guess It's like you said,
'they ain't no brend In the world.' "
COST OF CABLE MESSAGES.
And none Is more enthusiastic or
genuine In their praise than her foe
men, the men of Sampson's squadron,
who gave Senoritn Pauline Maclas I lie
opportunity to display that bravery
which Bhall give her testing fame.
The bombardment of Son Junn will
be remembered In the years to come
because of her brave deed. The skill
of the American gunners and the ad
mirable seamanship which enabled the
ships to reduce the forts will be merely
Incidental. The real story will be
about the dnughter of the governot
general who commanded Porto Rico.
In this beautiful young woman, with
her broad, clenr brow and steadfast
eyes, burn the sacred fires of martyr
dom and patriotism. In all Spain,
'among all of Spanish blood, none can
plnce himself before this young wo
man. It Is not likely that the war will
turnisn a paraiiei 10 rauiwe wutiuo
heroism.
When the bombardment of San Junn
by the American fleet began Senorlta
Maclas was In the governor's pnlace.
Other women In the city fled out of
harm's way. The governor general's
'daughter felt that her plnce was with
the soldiers.
She made her way to the batteries
and from there to the forts. She
watched the deadly execution of tho
American gunners; she henrd the shriek
of shell; saw the angry blnst of red
and the clouds of dust and mangled
bodies; she saw the protecting wnlls
beaten down by the grent projectiles
ns the sea beats down the sand. Her
heart wns heavy within her, but she
.knew no fear. Her lofty love of her
land smothered It.
Thicker nnd fuster came the shells,
ploughing Into sand, crumbling stone
wnlls, turning over great guns like
dominoes, dealing death and destruc
tion. The frenzied Spanish soldiers
shot swiftly nnd wildly, but their pro
jectiles only tore the air or whipped
the angry sen. No hnrm came to
those grny monsters hidden In a pall
of smoke.
The Spanish gunners saw their com
rades torn to bits. The faces of the
living were spnttercd with the blood of
the dying. Then great fenr cume upon
them nnd they turned and fled In panic,
rushing hither and thither, anywhere to
escape that hell of exploding shells.
. But there was no fear In Pnullne Ma
plnn! onlv n frlchtful rage and a sub
lime spirit of patriotism. She snatched
a sword from the hand of an ofIlcer.
She raised her voice so that It could be
heard above the din of battle. She
lashed the soldiers for running away,
and called them to return to their guns.
Her face glowed as one inspired. She
ran to the center of the battery. She
waved her sword ubove her head and
cried to them In the name of their coun
try to rally about her and light until
'no life was left to fire a gun.
No man with blood In his veins could
wlthstnnd such nn appeal. The sol
diers run back as swiftly as they ran
nway. They turned to their guns and
fought, with more coolness and greater
desperation than they had shown. And
Pnullne Maclas stayed among them,
like a battle fury Her uudaclty, her
courage were like a charm that pro
tected her from injury. She came to
no harm.
Only when the guns were disabled
was she led away, and thp men cheered
Jier, as they should have done. And
bad the men on the ships known of
her daiing and courage they would
huve cheered her more heartily than
Old her own people.
History shall call Pauline Maclas the
Joan d'Arc of Porto Rico.
nnd health. "I bel..v In the saving salts.
It seems rather preposterous to rea
of ships being taken by cavalry thi
eunners nt their stations between decki
cannonndlng men on horseback, the ma
rlnes In the tops blazing nway at gal
loping troopers, the Bailors clusterlni
anxiously along the side waiting to re
pel the attack of spurred and bootei
boarders. In short, a cavalry charge
quite like any other cavalry charge, ui
to the very gun muzzles of a man-of
war. It was during the rench revolu
tlon. In 1795, that the unique battle tool
place, when the hussars of Genera
Plchegru's advance guard captured tin
Dutch licet lying In the Texel.
It was one of the coldest winters evei
knnwn In Central Europe, nnd thi
ditches nnd rivers thnt go to make uj
such n large part of Holland were fro
zen solid. These conditions had enablec
Pichecru to enter the Dutch territory
with his troops, which overran thi
country with nil the fury of Are In drj
grass, sweeping everyhtlng before thein
On the 19th of Janunry the vlctorloui
army of the French entered Amster
dam, the city having surrendered wlthj
out reslstnnce worthy of the name. In
the Texel, near by, lay a uutcn neei,
consisting of a frigate and several large
sloops-of-war. The Texel was rrozen
solid, snvj or the holes that had been
made In an unsuccessiui attempt 10 cui
the ships out.
The French hussars, who constituted
Plchegru's advance guard, discovered
the presence and the plight of the Dutch
ships, and not wnitlng for the Infantry
or artillery to come up, decided to un
dertake their capture forthwith. Trust.
Ing to tho thickness of the Ice to sustain
the weight of their horses, they boldly
charged straight ucross the sllpery sur
face of the harbor and up to the very
guns of the men-of-war, from the
opened portholes of which peered the
astonished seamen.
They experienced some sort of dem
onstration of the French nrmy, but
had hardly anticipated a cavalry charge
an occurrence not provided for by
any rules laid down In the Btudy of
seamanshln.
The fire of tne rrencn troopers at
ponlt-blnnk pistol range drove the sail
ors from their posts beside the guns nnd
compelled them to surrender. It may
have been, too, that the French were
helped to their easy victory of th as.
tonlshment and surprise or u.e uutco
It was winter nt the mines. This time,
it was a lockout, not a strike. Bob's
father had "talked up" to the boss and
had been ordered away from the dump.
There was no fire In Bob's shanty.
The snow sifted through the roof onto
the bedclothes which were piled over
him. The Ice had filmed over the watet
In the tlncup on the chnlr beside his"
cot.
Bob had thrown himself flat on tho
ground and alternately howled In re
bellious rnge or moaned In comfortlesi
despair when they put little Mlna Ir
the ground away from him.
Afterthe strike of that awful sum
mer had ended and the "bread had
crowed." Bob hnd had enough to cat
every day. but he grew gradually weak
er nnd thinner, too weak even to moan
for Mlna. He was dying of heartbreak,
dying for heart-need of the little hand
clasp. He often said In his half delirium
after he could no longer sit up: "Mlna.
Mlna. clap yer little hands tighter
round my neck; don't, don't yer let 'em
slip off."
The third mornlg after Bob's father
had been forbidden to carry more coal
nway from the dump Bob cnlled out
from his cot: "Mam. can't ye give me
another klver I shiver so?" Then he
sat up straight and strong from under
the heap of covers, n glorified look on
iii face, and said: "Minn. Mlna. be that
you? When ye died ye said they wasn't
no bread In the world; now. Minn, they
nln't no coal In the whole world, gimme
yer hand. Minn, tight holt I'm comln'
with ye." , , 3
And his little dead face looked per
fectly satisfied.
Mrs. Wllgus I learn that your dnugh
ter has decided to enter a convent and
devcte herself to the Lord.
Mrs. Bllgus fihe did Intend to. but
her former lover, Mr. Saphead, sudden
ly returned last night, and she hns
decided to entwr his home and devote
herself to him.
Those Morro Castles.
Readers of war news must be struck
by the number of "Morro castles" with
which our forces have to deal. Hava
na's fort of that name is the best known
building In Cuba. Whn Admiral Samp.
son went down to Porto Rico to shake
up the Spaniards there the principal
fortification he had to deal with wns an
other Morro castle. And now comes
word of an attack by American war
ships on n third Morro castle at San
tiago de Cuun, the most Important port
in the southeastern part of the Island.
Some readers have probably wondered
how It hnppened thnt no such castles
were ehcountered at Matanzas, Carde
nas and Clenfuegos.
The explanation of this recurrence of
the name "Morro castle" Is found In
the fact that the word "Morro" means
promontory. Many of the harbors of
Cuba are remnrkable land locked bays,
opening to the sea through narrow
ehunnels. usually long nnd deep. They
are shaped somewhat like a man's band
with the fingers more m less spread
and the wrist reduced In size. At Ha
vuna, Santiago and some other ports,
one side of the channel connecting the
Inner bay with the sea ends In a bold,
rocky headland. The opposite point Is
.lower and less conspicuous. Where the
higher and steeper angle of the shore,
between the channel of the harbor en
trance on one side and the open sea
n the other.ls crowned by an elaborate
rort, rormioaDie in me times wuen it
wns erected.'thls fortification Is usually
and naturally called "Morro castle," or
"the Castlo of the Promontory."
At Clenfuegos there Is no such fort,
although the harbor Is one of the typ
ical bays of the Cuban coast, with nar
row entrance. One reason Is that the
rlty Is comparatively new, and It has
become a place or importance since tne
era when Spain fortified her American
possessions with the massive and pic
turesque stone castles which modern
artillery has rendered nearly useless.
Besides, the shores are much lower
there than at Santiago, or even at
Havana. San Junn, the chief city of
Porto Rico, hns plenty of room for a
"Castle of the Promontory," nnd It was
natural that there should be a "Morro
castle" to fight at that port. Matan
zas and Cardenas are on rather low
pnrts of the roast, and the latter Is a
small place. So they have no "Morro
castle."
This explanation is sufllclent to show
why the name made familiar by Ha
vana's picturesque old fort Is appearing
continually In the dispatches, and why
it is necessary to discriminate between
the various "Morro castles " which fig
ure In the news of the day.
The many cable lln s and the result
cut competition have brought the cost
of communication between New York
and London down to a fairly low fig
ure, 25 cents per wrd, but when one
tiles to rench more remote parts of
the world, where the lino Is controlled
by a single government, or company,
or where theie Is little business to sup
port It, the cost of sending messages
mounts to ntarmlng figures. To send
ten words from New York to Manila,
for Instance, cots $23.50. or J2.10 per
word beyond London. This Is the
commercial rnte. Newspaper dispatch
es go for about half this sum. but,
even so, the cost of bringing a column
of news from the Philippines mounts
up to nenrly four figures. Even from
(a point so near as Curacao, which be
came for a short time the center of
news Interest, the commercial rnte by
the cheapest route Is $1.98. These two
samples will give n fair Intimation of
"the Immense sums being expended by
the newspapers In gathering Informa
tion about the wnr.
It may seem at first thought that
42.35 Is a large sum to pay for sending
a single word from New York to the
TPhlllpplnes, but when one reflects thnt
such a message travels 20,000 miles,
(and thnt It must be received and trans,
mltted over a score of different lines
or branches, he Is more likely to come
to the conclusion that It is very cheap,
all things considered. From New York
the cnblegrnm goes first to Hnllfax,
and from there by another loop to
Heart's Content, Newfoundland, wher"
It dives beneath the Atlantic to renp
pear on the const of Ireland nnd be
again forwarded to London, which is
the great center of cable nnd telegraph
communication for the whole world.
From London to the east there nre
.two grent routes. The first, via either
the eastern or Indo-European compa
ny's lines, will take the message acioss
the channel nnd overland to Marseilles,
or by the all-water course around the
Spnnlsh peninsula, stopping at Lisbon;
thence through the Mediterranean to
Alexnndrla, across Egypt by land,
down the Red sea to Aden, through
the Arabian sea to Bombay, over India
by land, across the Bny of Bengal to
Singapore, along the coast of Hong
Kong, und across the China sea to
Manila.
The other route from London Ib even
longer nnd covers a much greater part
of the Journey by land. It takes tho
'message from London by the lines of
the Great Northern company across
Russia and Slberln-to Vladlvostock and
thence along the China coaBt to Hong
,Kong.
In its long voyage, occupying from
three to twenty-four hours, nccordlng
to Its urgency, the niNosngc has crossed
'or skirted r scor of countries, repre
senting almost as many nationalities,
Und yet the sender may rest assured
that It will be transmitted with
promptness and secrecy nnd at a fixed
iind known charge. This assurance Is
provided by the burenu of International
,'elegiaphs. which has Its headquarters
t Berne. Switzerland. It was Inaugur
ated thirty years ago for the purpose
hf "collecting, arranging and publish
ing Information" on this subject, regu
lating accounts, and guaranteeing the
interests of senders nnd receivers. It
brought order out of the chaos previ
ously enveloping International com
inunlcation by wire, and has made It
possible to cable to any part of tho
.world as easily as one sends a tele
graph message from his office to his
nome.
! This question of cable cutting Is one
(that has received considerable atten
tion since the beginning of the war
between Spain nnd the United StateB.
Has the United States, for Instance, the
right to sever a cable belonging to a
French or British company when it Ib
known that the cable Is or may be used
to give Information to Spain? The
authorities on international law are
agreed In answering the question In
the affirmative. Everything that can
give direct assistance to any enemy Is
recognized as "contraband of war." and
may be seized or destroyed. Railways,
telegraph and cnble fines come under
this head as surely as provision or am
munition ships. The only disagreement
among experts Is as to whether the
companies whose lines are so sum
marily dan.aged can afterward collect
damages. On this point authorities
differ, but the concensus of opinion,
supported by the cable companies
themselves, Is that they can do so.
- Whatever the opinion of legal ex
perts, there Is no doubt as to the ac
tion of naval and military command
ers in dealing with a cable that Is like
ly to be of service to an enemy. Dewey
did not wait for n legnl opinion when
'he found that the Spanish governor of
the Philippines was using his control
of the Manila cable to send Informa
tion to his home government. He cut
the wire and shut the islands off from
'the world. The same thing has been
done in the West Indies. All but ono
of the lines connecting Cuba with the
ouesIa"eEvorld were cut during the first
weeks of the blockade. One of the
bravest acts of the early part of the
war was that of the Nashville's men,
who went Into the harbor of Clenfuegos
under a hall of shot from the shore
batteries and cut fcoth the cables lead
ing out out of that port. That the
course of the United States In dealing
with the cables leading to the enemy's
ports would have been that of other
nations under the same clrcumstnnces,
js proved by the fact that the Euro
pean navies have shlpB fitted with
grappling hooks for the especial pur
pose of hauling up and destroying ca-
lileB in time of war.
you
I'nrle What in creation are
inmiilncr about that nay for?
Niece (from Boston)--rm a self-con-ttliuted
board of health enijuged In
damping out dltease.
I'ncle-Eh?
Niece-My feet's arloep. ,
"Is It soda water ye're drlnkln'?" ex-
Power From Sea Waves.
At Los Angeles, Cal., during the past
year a company has been making a
series of experiments In which the force
of the waves of the ocean was used to
generate electric power for light and
other purposes. A wharf made of metal
was built, extending 360 feet out Into
the ocean, and at the end was placed
the generating plant, which Included
three floats connected with hydraulic
compressors, which In turn, are con
nected with a storage pressure tank.
The movement of the waves alternately
raises and lowers the floats, pumping
fresh water from a reservoir Into the
storage pressure tank, where the water
is subjected to sufficient pressure to
irivp it out with ereat force through a
water wheel. The water motor oper
ates me dynamo, iinu me nuier ivinuii
GLOSSARY OF ARMY TERMS.
Abatis A nobstructlon of felled trees
In front of a fort.
Action Synonym for battle.
Adjutant Regimental staff officer
who assists the colonel In the details
of duty.
Advanced Guard A detachment sent
to the front to veil the real position
or movements of an nrmy.
Alde-de-Camp An officer acting as
the official orgnn of a general his sub
stitute. Ammunition Shot, rhcll. gunpowder,
cartridges, fuses, wads, gienndes.
Armistice Written ngieement be
jtween hostlles for n cessation of actlvo
warfare for a certain period.
Army Corps The largest subdivision
of on nrmy. ......
Army Regulations Rules established
toy the piesldent for the government
of the national troops.
Bastion An Irregulnr defense lino
forming an angle outside the main line
bf n fort.
Battery 1, a company of artillery; 2,
cannon In position for llrlng; 3, an
Earthwork for sheltering cannon In ac
tion. Battle Genernl actions In which
Svhole nrmles engage. Synonyms nre In
his order according to Importance: Ao
lon, engagement, affair, skirmish.
Beat of Drum A signal by drum
beat, by which soldiers nre called lnt
Iine. ordered to march, to retreat, to
etlre. to rest, to arise, etc. Trumpets
nnd bugles may be used for the Bams
purpose.
Blouse A uniform sack coot.
Bomb Equivalent to bombshell.
Bomb Proof A structure of thickness
nnd strength to defy shells.
Brevet An honorary commission and
title.
' Bridge Head A defense around a
bridge; maybe earthworks for artillery
pr artillery alone.
Brigade A group of battalions or
regiments, nominally four.
Brigadier General An officer in rank
Between colonel nnd major general;
usual command Is a brigade.
Cannoneer An nrtllleryman who
Serves the guns In action; gunner.
Captain Commander of a company;
;ank between lieutenant and major.
Carbine A short barreled shooting
ran carried by cavalrymen.
Chevron Rank mark worn on the
.ipper sleeves of non-commissioned offl
:ers. Color Guard A detail consisting of a
(ergeant and seven coiporals to carry
ind piotect the colois of a regiment.
The members nre selected for bravery.
Volunteer regiments have two color
ergeants. one each for the national and
ttnte flags.
Commissariat The subsistence de
jnrtment of an army.
Contraband of War General artl
;les pertaining to waifnre, as guns,
mmunltlon and military and naval
Uores of all kinds, and sometimes corn,
bay and coal.
Countersign General watchword of
a. camp.
Covered Way An open corridor or
passage masked from the enemy by an
embankment.
Cutlass Heavy short sword used
the navy.
Debouching Marching out ftom
confined srrice Into open ground.
Division Two or more brigades.
Dress Parade A dally parade
troops, with ceremony.
Drumhead Court Martial A court;
martial sudenly called to try offenses
with demand an immediate example.
Embrasure An opening In u parapet
for a gun to fire through.
Field Artillery Cannon, both heavy
and light, hnvlng the quality of mobil
ity for use in the field as distinct from
forts.
Field Officer An officer between cap
tlnn and general major, lieutenant
colonel and colonel.
Field Works Dpfenses constructed2of
earth or logs and earth for temporary
uses.
Flag of Truce A white flag carried
by an officer sent to communicate with
the enemy.
Flying Army-Applied to cavalry
which is always In motion, either with
or without artillery trained to swift
evolutions.
Flying Colors Flags unfurled anfl
waving In the air.
Forced March A very rapid march.
Garrison A body of troops stationed
to defend or control a town or to de
fend a fort or camp.
Grand Guards The main guards in
front of an army or camp to meet at
tack, distinct from camp guard.
Grenade A small shell thrown by
hand and discharged by a time fuse.
rjiinrd Mounting Ceremony of in
stallation and plncing a camp guard.
Guidon A small flag or streamer car
ried by each company of mounted
troops; really a company battle flag.
Honors of War Privileges allowed to
a garrison on surernderlng.
Impedimenta General term for mu
nitions, equipments and supplies.
Lance Corporal Acting corporal.
Ther arc also lance sergeants.
Light Marching Order Literally
without heavy luggage, as knapsacks.
Limber Chest Artillery ammunition
and tool chest.
Long Roll A drumbeat call "To
arms'." In an emergency.
Masked battery One hidden from
knowledge of the enemy until It opens
Non-Combntant Any person with an
nrmy not, called upon to fight.
Officer of the Guard An officer de
tailed ally for service with the guard.
Orderly A soldier who communicates
orders or carries messages for com
manding officers.
Pitched Battle Battle where com
batants have fixed positions.
Provost Marshal Keeper of military
prisoners.
Redan A simple fleldwork, shaped
like a V. t .
Shoulder Straps Narrow straps with
Insignia of rank of officers.
Shrapnel Thln-slded shells contain
ing small balls.
Slashing Trees cut and left to lie as
they fall for an obstruction to the
movement of troops.
Stand of Arms A complete outfit for
one soldier.
Stand of Colors A single flag or
guidon.
Troop Unit of cavalry and corre
spondlng to company In Infantry.
Trooper A private In cavalry.
Vedette A sentinel detached In front
of ap Icket post.
In
of
claimed Mr. Rafferty "It I." replied , has passed from the motor flows Into
Mr. Dolan. "What flavor wor ye tak-
In'?" "Ol had a mixture, strawberry,
nnllla and crushed vl'lets " "OI nivver
heerd o' the lolkes." "Nor did Ol. But
'twas the only red. white and blue drink
the clerk could put up." Washington
Star.
. m m
Corsets must not be worn by Russlnn
voung ladles attending high schools,
iinlvereltles and music and art schools,
according to a recent decree cf the new
minister of education, They are to be
encouraged to weai the national cos
tume. m
"Is he a very strong silver man?"
"Strong silver man? Say. he wants to
revise the golden rule." Brooklyn Life.
the reservoir to be used again. The
machinery is almost self-governing, as
In esse of storm or heavy sea the nc
cumlated pressurf In the storage tank
exerts itself against the pump pistons
and offsets the action of the floats. A
thorough test of the apparatus wns
made during the winter, when all kinds
of weather was experienced, nnd the
plant is now to be enlarged to a ca
pacity of 200 horse power.
Blank gun cartridges can be used In
a recently patented buiglar alarm,
which has a metal barrel to be attach
ed to the door by a etrew, with tlldlng
yoke actuated by a V-shnped spring to
ttrike the cartridge as soon us the door
is pushed open.
Meanwhile the brewers shouldn't kick
nt that proposed tax. It's an honor for
the beer schooner to help convoy the
ship of state. Philadelphia Times.
"I thought you were going to war?"
"So I was; but the heartless recruiting
officer wouldn't allow me to take my
bicycle along." Philadelphia North
American.
.
Not Like Other Girls "Uncle Julius,
what Is a Bacchante?" "Well, according
Ho art, a Bacchante Is a young woman
who can feel perfectly happy without
.owning a stitch of clothes." Puck.
"What sent that dog away howling
SO?" asked the squirrel. "Oh," said
the porcupine, "he was looking around
tfor information and I kindly supplied
nlm with a few points that la all."
Richmond Times.
r
x.
r
r