j sJ'rtt t w v.-
kr
WHAT THE NEBRASKA BOYS WILL SEE
A Most Interesting Account of tho Phlllpplno Islands. Olvon In Two
Parts 'Port Ono.
Lob Angeles, Cnl. Mnnley It. Bhcr
mnn of this city hns come home, nftcr
n residence of several years nt Mnnlln.
He hns been for four years In the em
ploy of a trading company, which hns
been buying Indigo, camphor, sugar,
unices and hemp In the Philippine III-
nnds for thirty years. As agent for the
company he traveled over all the larger
Islands, and has had unusual oppor
tunities to learn much about the archi
pelago. "When I left Manila about the middle
of March," said Mr. Sherman, "the
present rebellion was breaking nut. It
Js really another chapter of the re
bellion which broke out In the Island
of Luzon (the largest, most populous
and Important Philippine Island) In June
of last year. The Spanish government
thought It had stamped out the re
bellious spirit of the natives but In
the lntter part of February the rebels
suddenly nppeared In several parts of
Luzon. The old seaport town of Cavlte,
where Admiral Dewey and his forces
nre now In possession, has been the
bend center of the rebels this time.
The Intelligent people In Mnnlln knew
of the blowing up of the Maine In Ha
vana, but paid no attention to It. I
don't believe the populace nt Manila
had the least Idea until about n month
ngo that u war between the United
fitntes and Spain might begin at any
time, and a bnttle might take place
nt the Philippines. I never heard such
n possibility discussed nt Mnnlln. The
Spanish hold the Islands In such com
plete thralldom and exercise such cen
sorship over the press and telegraphic
Information that anyone In Mnnlla not
In the diplomatic circle knows very
little of what Is happening In the out
side world until the foreign news
papers come. The four Mnnlla news
papers ore slow, cheap affulrs, and
have an average of Icsh than 100 lines
of foreign news.
"If the I'nlted States should take the
Philippine Islnnds as a possession they
would have n most valuable piece of
property. The possibilities of the
Philippines as wenlth producers can
hardly be overestimated, The exports
In 1S97 amounted to about thirty million
dollars, and Hint In the face of the
blighting oppression of tho Spanish on
every enterprise except tobacco and
sugnr. United States Consul Williams
nt Mnnlla, and I have discussed many
times the agricultural possibilities of
Hie Philippines under American push
and with Yankee Invention. I bellev
the exports from the Islnnds might bt
Increased J50.000.000 annually In a few
years, and to much higher figures In n
decade. For Instance, the coffee pro
duction has for some occult reason til
the government at Madrid been kept
down by ti system of extrn licenses that
one mtiHt obtain to plant coffee beuns
and by heavy Import duties on the mn
chlnery necessary In preparing the pro
duct for market. 1 linve been ntnoiif.'
the famous incas of Central America
und I make the assertion Hint theie art
nowhere In Central America Innd unc
water facilities that approach those on
the Island of Negron for growing cof
fee. The exportation of coffee In 1S97
amounted to about one-quarter-of n
million dollars. It ought to have been
ten timet) that amount
"Tobocca, sugar nnd hemp are tlu
chief products of the Philippines,' The
government does not roster these In
dustries so fnr as Its nvarlce for taxes
wlll permit. There are 15.000 elgar and
cheroot makers In nnd about Manila
All the tobacco plantations and cigar
factories are run by Spaniard. Gen
eral Weyler's two brothers have the
InrgBt factory In Escolta a suburb ot
-Mnnlln. They enme over to the Islands,
about eight years ago when their pomp,
ous military brother was governor gen
ernl or the Philippines at a snlary of
Jto.000 a year, and they obtained con.
cessions then that yielded them Im
mense annual returns. Sugar Is largely
grown on the Islands of Negros and
Samos. There are large Malay towns on
those Islands. The English sugar buy.
ers over there say that there Is no
enne so rich In saccharine properties as
that In the Philippines. Notwithstnnd
lrig the ridiculously c.rude methods of
cultivating the cane fields nnd the ex
pensive manner of crushing the stalks
nnd extracting the sugar, the profit
In the sugar Industry Is Incredible
The extreme richness of the cane mukes
this profit. 1 know of several Japanese
sugnr cane companies on the island of
Samos that have made as high ns $cr0
for nn acre and a quarter every year for
n long time. Yankee invention could
easily reduce the expenses of u sugar
plantation one-fourth. No people but
the Japanese In the Philippines have
the least Idea of how to make machin
ery do the work of man. Think of hav
ing sugar cane crushed by several
hundred men with clubs, when simple
machinery would accomplish the same
purpose better, cheaper and n hundred
times quicker. The Indigo industry is
run In the same way as two centuries
ugo.
"Wherever one goes Into the rural
legions of the Philippine islands one is
constantly wondering nt the extraor
dinary prodigality of nature. I cannot
tell ybu the majesty of the Immense
troplcnl forests of Negros and Samos.
Thousnnds of square miles there have
seldom been visited by a white man.
There nre literally millions of dollars
In costly woods there, to fay nothing
about the valuable herbs and bnrks to
be had In the same forests. The trav
eler In the back woods In the Philip
pines sees In the great forests ebony,
logwood. Iron wood, sapnn wood and
cedar; between the forests and the
gardens, the fruiting tree, the orange,
mango, tamarind, guavn and cocoa
nut; In the cultivated uren, sugar cane,
hemp, tobacco, coffee, cotton, bananas,
vanilla, cassia, ginger, pepper, Indigo
cocoa, pineapples, wheat and corn. The
minerals In those regions Include gold,
copper, Iron. coal, quicksilver nnd salt
peter. From the sea there come math,
er-of-penrl, coral, tortoise shell and
amber. The animal kingdom keeps pace
with the vegetable and the mineral.
There are goats, sheep, swine and tough
ponies. The jungle swarms with such a
variety of fauna that the naturalist
finds there a paradise. Strange to re
late, there are few beasts of prey wor
thy of note. The flora of the country
Is as .rich as the fauna.
"I am wondering In these days, when
Uncle Sam Is about sending troops from
the Pacific coast to the Philippines, what
the American boys will think of
the climate over there. With the pas
Bible exception of some parts of Interior
India and Arabia. I doubt If there Is
any hotter climate than that of Mnnlla.
The Islands reach within 4 degrees of
the equator. The temperature Is not
so very high, but the humidity Is. The
must extreme care must constantly be
exercised to keep onf's physical condi
tion properly toned all summer long.
The hottest days In the year are In
May and June. Fortunately a breeze
usually springs up In the early even
ing, and that tempers the atmosphere
so that One can get some sleep if he Is
properly fixed for It, when midnight
comes. The mean temperature nt the
Philippines Is 72 degrees. In November
the weather cools nnd then for weeks
at n time along the sencoasts It Is nboui
ns nenr perfection ns anyone can Imn
glne. To call the months of December,
January and Februnry there winter
Is a mockery. For seven months iu
the year, from April to October, no one
but the poorest laborer goes out of
doors, unless compelled to do so, be
tween 8 In the morning nnd 4 In the
afternoon. In Mnnlln the whole popu
lntlon rises at 4 and 5 n. m., and gets
the work of the day out of the way be
fore 8 o'clock. The houses are opened,
servants clean up, merchants do their
business nnd the school children are
busy with their teachers. Even the
civil and military officers attend to
most of their duties between 4 and t
a. m. Then when old Sol begins to
shoot his darts down upon the country
more perpendicularly, the whole popu
lation go Into their houses of stone nnd
of wood, with heavy roofs of tiles nnd n
sort of nsphnltum found In that coun
try, and stay there until sundown, It
Is a land of siestas, Everyone who can
sleeps there nil day long, and plumber
there Is reduced to a science. Ham
mocks abound nnd couches of bamboo
arc In every home, hotel, club, store nnd
loafing plnce. The servants are trained
to keep their masters and mistresses
comfortable by bringing them Iced
drinks or n trny of smoking mnterla!
whenever they awnken after n nap. All
buildings are erected with the Idea of
keeping the heat out as much os pos
sible. Ruslness Is Bupended all day
long; even the men nt the wharves
quit work for six or seven hours when
the sun Is hottest.
"At sundown Mnnlln wakes. There Is
on opening of the heavy board window
blinds and an exodus of people from
their homes. Even the trees and shrub
bery shake off their drowsiness. The
merchants open their heavy store doors
and the streets suddenly start to life.
The principal meal of the day Is served
nt about 0 o'clock and with the rich
Spanish It Is a ceremonlus affair. There
after the whole population goes out
for a walk. Evening cnlls are made
upon friends nnd the plazas arc nt their
gnyest. The cock lights take plnce In
the evening; the old theater Is always
crowded at night especially Sunday
nights.
"The Lunetn Is the fashionable prom-;
nadc In Manila, and one may there
ee the best social side of the Philip-'
pines. The Lunetn Is a sort of Fifth
avenue along the banks of Manila river.
The composite character of the popula
tion of Mill I mi makes the throngs of
people along the Lunetn very pictur
esque. A long bridge extends along the
Passlg and the promenade across that.
The shops nnd stores of the city nre
lose at hand, nnd at night they are
gorgeously illuminated. The stree,
Hectrlc lights shed their effulgence on
the moving mass of humanity, tun!
the tnuslc by the bnnd enlivens the1
scene. I never saw such picturesque
throngs in America. Everyone smoke1
t cigar or cigarette. There ntc beg
gars by the hundred Hindoos and
Japanese In their nntlve costumes. The
nocnls. or native Indlnns. come troop
.ng along In bare feet and seml-nudlty.
There nre the latest Parisian styles ami
the raggedest, poorest people Imagln- (
able. Here comes n family group. With
the parents nt the head, arrayed In
garments of reds, blues and purples. '
The father strides along with n huge,
cigar In his month, and his wife with
a cigarette. The daughters nnd sons,
are close behind, and each Is smoking
a cigar or cigarette. Next follow a
group of smiling, chntterlng padres,
from the numerous Catholic churrhea
or the great cathedral, and all. too. aroi
pulling nt mammoth cigars. Then thero
are Japanese by hundreds. They nH
wear light, flowing garments, gay col
ored fnbrics, nn?. nil smoke. Here comra
a company of native girls, with raven
hair and the blackest of eyes, set off!
by fresh olive complexions nnd thq
ruddiest of lips. They wear black lace;
mantillas on titer bends nnd some pret
ty flower decks their hnlr. Their tjress
Is of loose, thin, red and white fnbrics.
As they go sauntering along behind it,
parent or chaperone they roll cignrettes;
and smoke liKe out professionals. Span
ish soldiers and naval olllcers In gundy .
uniforms are always In the throngs
that promenade the Lunetn at night. I
Here nre Europeans In linen suits and
bamboo helmet hats. Occasionally onj
mny see an American among the prom
ennders. but there are fewer than IC'l
Americans on Luzon Island. The para do,
continues back and forth until nften
midnight. Fashion and poverty go slihj
by side. It Is the only chance that,
lovers have to see one another, nnd It'
Is always amusing to Americans to see
how these young folk In the Orient
mnke their passionate longings knowr
to one another.
"Manlln Is a dilapidated old town.
It was founded In the lntter part of
the sixteenth century. There nre old
walls and battlements all nbout the
city. There have been less than a
dozen fair-sized buildings erected In
Mnnlln In the Inst ten years. Every
thing In the city Is ancient. People
live in old. musty, two-story houses
that come flush with the narrow side
walk. All have a dull, forbidding look,
with their board blinds nnd heavy
doors, which are seldom open. In the
center of almost every house is nn
open court known ns the patio, and
there the family hold their soclnl gath
erings and eat their meals ten months
In the year. Some potrlos are beauti
fied by palms, beds of flowers and arbor
vines. The commerclnl buildings are
old, too. The show windows are little,
cheap affairs, and there Is none of the
modern conveniences In any of the
best stores In the whole city. A unique
feature of all homes and ottlces in
Manlln Is the use of tiny square panes
of translucent oyster shell. Instead of
glass. A window six feet long and four
feet wide will contain 250 of these oys
ter shell panes. To temper the fierce
glnre of the sun In the buildings nnd In
a country where many people go blind
from the constnnt sunshine, this Is n
precaution to be taken.
There Is a Judge down In Maryland
who ought to have a lofty monument
some day, and If the people who ride
bicycles fall to remember him hand
somely they will simply prove Hint they
are ungrateful and richly deserve all
the troubles that the sprinkling cart
men scatter before them.
This Jurist has decided that a person
should not be fined for riding on n side
walk where the road Is impassable, no
matter whether town ordinances forbid
It or not. More than that, he holds
that riders of bicycles have the right
of passage on highways, and that they
are even Justified In trespassing upon
private property when the conditions ol
the roads makes wheeling dangerous.
THE MILITARY GIRL.
Walks, Talks and Aots Like a Reg
ular Army Man.
The girl of the moment, nn athletic
mold two short months ngo, has chang.
ed with the times and become military.
The men she goes with hardly know
her. Even her clothes, her skirts, her
hats and her waists have the spirit of
tho army or the navy In them theso
days, her walk Is modelled upon march.
Ing and her vocabulnry of slang and
topical expression hns been revised nn
tll two sentences out of three hang
updh martial terms.
In fact, to be army-like Is the fad
of the moment, and the girl of the sets
has taken up this new Idea with Im
mense enthusiasm. She cnrrles It out
surprisingly well, too. Very nearly
everything she does has a military
twist to It, and she has the cleverness
to put Just a little of her own per.
sonallty Into each movement or speech
so that the effect Is piquant, graceful
and odd.
Thus, with a bound the military girl
has sprung Into fashion. One of her
ways Is the temporary abolition of the
kiss so fnr ns other girls are con
cerned. Meeting her deareBt friend, )'e
snlutes In n true army way. She does
not grab her or remark: "You dear
thlngl" The nrms of both girls are
raised promptly to their hats, and then
shoved out with a quick movement.
Then they are dropped to their sides
and stay there.
The walk of the mllltnry girl Is
marked by a firm step forward, a
rather longer step than usual, and the
shoulders are held well back, the head
steadily up, with the eyes looking
straight forwnrd and the chest is
thrown well out. This new type of girl
when she turns swings around cleanly
on her heels, for all the world like
a genuine army man.
The new military conversation, or
rather the host of military phrases,
heard these days Is exceedingly Inter
esting. A girl returns from some shop
ping expedition. Defore the war was
started she would have said very Blm
ply: "I'll go up and tell mother abi.tit
It." Now her phrase Is, "I'll go and
give the countersign to mother." Or,
telling a sister to soy such and such
to her father, she will say, "report to
headquarters."
"Advance Into tho other room," is
the proper way to put it now, and,
instead of speaking of going up or
down stairs, you should say, if you
would be really In form. nowadays, "I'm
going aloft," or "I'm going below."
lletaklng one's self to one's downy
couch Is expressed by the words, "I'm
going to turn in," and on the street,
when two, three or four girls nre wolk
Ing together, there nre often to be heard
these words of command, "night about
face!" and "Forward, march!"
Such are a few of the military ex
pressions of the hour among girls
those that nre, perhaps, the most com.
lnon. There are scores of othe.s, ind
with her visits to the enmps near New
Ycrk and her constant study of wni
matters this military vocabulnry of
gli'dcm Is being added to at a rapid
rate weekly. The girl who has naval
associations adds to these a bunch of
terms of the sea and the battleships
thai give her conveisatlcn ever more
plciuicsiiueness nnd novelty.
Yet walk and talk a la mllltnlre ir
after nil, but two sides of the new
mlhtnry girl. All her costumes this
summer flavor of the army nnd navy.
The shops are selling now, for the
particular benefit of this girl, what
Is known as "army and navy" cloth.
It Is a lighter shade of blue than has
hitherto, been the fashion a thin ma
terial much like a serge and supposed
to be Just the color of the army and
navy uniforms. This promises to be
the dress material of dress materials
tins summer, and is ulrendy much
'sought after.
Olllcers' capes and army service hats
nre the head gear that Is held In greater
affection than any other, and a girl
who really enters Into the spirit of the
day and the hour wears white eorl
about her neck with tho accompanying
whistle. This Is considered a very smart
and effective final touch.
There are army nnd navy umbrellas
for tnese military girls as well. The.se
jtiml rcllas have handles made In precis;
imitation of a small'sword handle. An
even omarter thing Is to have an um
Wella handle of a real sword. Not many
guls are us fortunate as that, however.
His Deplorable Ant.
"Trickster!" he fairly hissed In her
ear.
"Sir!" she Indignantly replied.
"I have been duped deceived by you."
"I deceived you?" she slowly re
peated, as If dazed by the accusation.
"Yes."
"It Is false and you know It."
"We need not bandy words. It Is all
plain now. 1 see our marriage was a
dreadful mistake. We never were In
tended for ench other."
"Never Intended for each other?"
"No. Our marriage was a dreadful
blunder."
"What do you menn by this cruel
revelation after w-e have been married
three months three months thot hnve
been to me so full of happiness? I have
done nothing that you should speak
thus. Have I ever murmured when
you came home late from the club?"
"No."
"I never contracted a milliner's bill
you did not approve."
"I know It."
"Don't I tnke the best of care of your
linen and always sew buttons on your
clothes?"
"You do."
"You know how faithful I have been
and how I always guarded your In
terests." "I don't deny that."
"Haven't 1 always submitted to your
demands?"
"Yes."
"I even did not ask mother to live
with us because you desired I should
not "
"Yes. yes; I know you hnve been kind
and gentle, but withal I have been
grievously outraged und Injured."
"I tell you It Is false!" she proudly re.
plied, rising to her full height.
"Alns! It is only too true. I married
you because of your excellent essny on
'Cooking when you graduated," he an
swered as she cowered at his feet.
"Spaniards seldom remain longer than
live years In the Philippines Indeed. It
i so long. As fast as they depart for
' their native lnnd, newcomers arrive to
lake their places. The Islands have
been for generations a region In which
people of Influence at Madrid might
come and recover their financial losses
and where young Spaniards might In a
few years make a fortune. There are
howevsr, several Spanish families who
have made Manila their homes for
yenrs. They are Immensely wealthy,
I and live In beautiful old palaces In
I Rlnodo n pretty residence suburb of
Mnnlla. A genuine census has never
been taken In the Philippines, but of
a totnl population of .100,000 In Manila,
nbout 8,000 are Spanish. The troops
are relieved here once In two yenrs,
but the rebellions have been so many
In the Islands during the last few years
that the soldiers have been kept on
,duty at Cavlte and other garrisons
. longer than usual.
COURAGE OF THE PRIVATES
THEIR VALOR IS NEARLY AL
WAYS OVERLOOKED.
It Takes More Courngo to Be a
CJood Private Than to Be an Offi
cer, who Has More Sustaining
Influences.
(H. S. Canfleld In the Chicago Times
Herald.) H Is a century-old notion that the
gcntlemnn fights better than the com
mon mnn. It is easy to understand
this belief In the chlvalrlc days. Ther
the Ignobly born mnn-at-armB died like
a dog In the ditch, with no one to
speak a word of praise In his behalf.
MlnstrelB sang only of the nobles. The
deeds of peasants Interested nobody,
not even the peasants themselves. Only
In England was the story of Robin
Hood popular and that was because
deep down In the heart of the Anglo.
Saxon has been nlwayB a love of In
dividual liberty, n respect for the
scorner of oppression nnd n demand for
equality. Chivalry and feudality pass
ed, but not the unshnkable belief In
the superior warrior qunlltles of the
person born with a gold spoon In his
mouth. It Is with us In more or less
modified form, nnd will be with our
children s grandchildren.
For this the writers of modern ro
mance nre responsible. They nre the
successors of the medieval Jongluers
and harpers. They have the same
superiority to truth. A dandy, "breath
Ing sweet perfume from his curly
locks," an "oiled nnd scented Assyrian
bull," whose essence turns the live air
Blck, a youthful member of upper class
dom, whose "barbarous opulence, Jew-el-thlck,
suns Itself on his breast and
hands," and dangers of a camp, makes
a more poetic and picturesque figure
thnn the unadorned country boy, who If
supposed to have been used to noth
ing better. The fighting qualities of
the one nre exnlted nnd glorified; the
fighting qualities of the other nre takei
as a matter of course. They excite
little attention nnd receive fnlnt praise.
History Is black with the figures of
the nobly born who ave died sol
dier deaths. Such was Latour d'Au
vergne, whose name Is still called when
his old regiment Is In line, nnd tlu
answer follows: "Dead on the flel'
of honor." Such was Sir Philip Sidney
riding from battle with a broken thigh
nnd giving his last cup of water to n
dying soldier. Such was young Casnbl.
ancn, son of the ndmlral whose flag
ship was the Orient. Such nre hun
dreds of others niched high In the
temple of fnme; but of the commonei
In the ranks we hnve few words.
It Is true that John Hiyle ORellly
has told us of Ensign Eprs. who. at
the battle of F'anders, sowed a seeo
of glory and duty that flowers and
flames In helgnt and beauty like a
crimson Illy with heart of gold, and
we have heard, too, of Utile Glffen of
Tennessee, the glint of whoie steelblue
eye told of a spirit that would not
die; but these nre rare exceptions. For
the most part the commoner Is unhon
ored and unsung. He Is given Justice
In Miss Chn'iMtte Yonge's most admir
nble "Book of Golden Deeds " a volume
which should be placed In the hands of
every Amerlein boy. but 1 nm acquain
ted with no ith:r which renders him
even n tithe of his due.
Of these young, slender, pale, lnn
guld, affected ('aredevlls of history that
Is romance and romance that Is his
tory, the moit perfect type, perhaps
Is Connn Doyle's Sir Gervos Jerome
who Is to be found In his story of the
Monmouth rebellion called "Mlcah
Clarke." Here was a bciaced and beruf
fled gallant of amours nnd dissipation,
who powdered his hair before going
Into action and took snuff In the heat
and enrnnge of the most ('enperate on
slaught and left his body upon the
field a testimonial of the hlghborn's
fundamental courage. He Is nn at
tractive figure, much more attractive
than the grimed footmen who died
about him In scores with a valor as
noble, nnd that Is the reason he Is
remembered. "Spurring our horses, we
cut a way to his rescue and laid our
swords about us until we had cleared
off his assailants for a mcnient.
"Jump up behind me!" I cried, "We
can make good our escape. He looked
up, smiling, and shook his head. 'I
stay with my company,' said he. 'Your
company!' Saxson cried. 'Why, man,
you are mad! Your company Is cut off
to the last man.' 'That's what T mean,'
he answered, flicking some dirt from
his cravat, 'Don't ye mind! Look out
for yourselves. Goodby, Clarke! Pre
sent my compliments to.' The drag
oons charged down upon us again. We
were all borne backward, fighting des
perately, and when we could look round
the baronet was gone forever. Vt'e had
no such pictures of the deaths of the
men of the line In or out of books.
I believe Hint It tnkes more courage
to be a good private than to be nn
ofllcer. I believe that the oilleer's cour
age Is supplemented and sustained by
his sense of responsibility, by his prom
inence, by his authority to command,
by his uniform nnd by his sword. He
hns more chances to distinguish him
self. He Is certain to get the lion's
share of credit if credit accrues. If de
feat follows his opportunity to display
gnllantry and training und earn dis
tinction Is even greater.
The fact that common men for nges
have borne the heat and burden ot
the day, have met unshaken the most
fear-lnsplrlng of cavalry charges, have
grimly locked bayonets with Insane
feomen, hnve composed forlorn hopes
and have died desperately nnd silently
by millions, many times for a cause
they did not understand. Is proof that
their courage is as sublimated as that
of any spoiled darling who ever forsook
a home of luxury for a campaign of
woe. Taking the Anglo-Saxon for an
example, I do not believe that there
Is any appreciable difference between
the courage of the landed baron and the
courage of the ferrier. The race Is
almost universally brave.
In support of this belief the state of
Louisiana afforded two notnble In
stances In the late war. The Washing
ton light artillery of New Orleans was
an aristocratic oigonlzatlon. It led
In society. They had wealth, educa
tion nnd spirit of corps. At the first
Manassas the men of this battery went
Into action wearing dress suits, its
guns were served with notable effect
by hands covered with white kid gloves.
The Wnshlngtons got bravely over this.
In six months any one of them would
hnve been glad of a clean shirt. Hut
that Is neither here nor there. They
fought superbly. Their battle call, "For
the Pelican!" rang high and clear on a
hundred stricken fields. They came
home In '65 n few of them scarred and
maimed nnd nges older, but unstained.
The famous"Loulslann Tlgers'iielonged
to another class. They were composed
cf screwmen. stevedores, cotton hand
lers of the levee, mechanics, fishermen,
market hunters, what not. They were
Amerlcnn, French. German, Greek, Al
gerian, Tunisian and n few other things.
Probably thers was not a pair of pat
ent-leather shoes or a white cravat or
a dress coat In the regiment. Fighters
'n twenty pitched battles, their boast
was that until they swarmed up the
lope at Gettysburg they had never
uttered a repulse. Even at Gettysburg
they were not repulsed In the ordlnnry
acceptance of the word. They simply
were blown off the world. That was
more than thirty years ago, and today
in Loulstnna to have belonged tc Hint
band of heroes In the rough Is the high
est distinction, Sometimes as a gray
nnd bent man passes slowly along n
quiet street In New Orleans loungers
under the awnings on the other side
point him out nnd say to each other:
"He was one of them."
ANECDOTES OF GLADSTONE.
Although Mr. Gladstone was pre-eminently
a talker In society, yet he did
not dlslaln the other nrts by which peo
ple who dine out contrive to spend the
time. In his younger days he used to
be quite noted for singing either solos
or part songs, nnd even down to recent
times the musical bass of his voice
was often heard to great advantage
In family worship at Hawarden on Sun
day nights.
There ore legends of the wonderful
effect with which he was wont to ren
der a favorite Scotch song, and Irrever
ent gossips declared that on one occa
sion Mr. Gladstone brought down the
drawing room by the vlvnclty nnd
rollicking spirit with which he rendered
the well known "Camptown Races,"
Its familiar refrain:
Gwine to ride nil night,
Gwine to ride all day;
I bet my money on the bobtalled nng,
Somebody bet on the bay.
His high spirits broke out at every
moment, nnd he used to rejoice to piny
a comedy part on his own or his son's
Inwn. It would be Incorrect to sny
that on the occasion of popular cele
brations or local fancy fairs and cottage
gardening shows Mr. Gladstone played
down to the level of his audiences. On
the contrary, he exhibited Just sufll
clent sympathy to raise them to en
thusiasm, and no more.
Mr. Gladstone never nppeared to
greater advantage than when taking a
walk In the country with a congenlr.l
friend whose physlcnl powers were
equal to the task of keeping up with a
pedestrian whom no dlstnnce could tire.
It was not until he was well advanced
In life thnt he took, partly as an nmuse
ment nnd partly for exercise, to tho
practice of felling trees. In till diffi
cult art he nttalned n skill which was
the marvel of professional woodmen,
and of which the muscles of his nrms,
wiry and spare like the rest of his
body, gave little promise.
In his youth he often spoke of him
self ns being good upon any day for
a forty mile walk. And nlthough he
never accomplished the feat performe 1
more than once by his second son, the
Rev. Stephen Gladstone, rector of Ha
warden, of walking up from Oxford to
London In a tiny. It was from no (Te
ndency of pedestrian endurance. No
ordinary frame was, Indeed, requisite
to enrry Mr. Gladstone through thfe
superhuman labors which he Imposed
upon himself. "Gladstone," remarked
Sir James Graham, In 1S52, "can ac
complish In four hours what It takes
me sixteen to do. nnd he works for
sixteen hours every day."
The extreme subtlety of Gladston'e
mind, and almost causulslcal method of
his reasoning has been n frequent
source of amusement to his foes. Dur
ng Garibaldi's visit to London it wns
suggested that a richly jointured wld
w, who wns about much with him.
hould marry him. To the objection
thnt he had a wife living the leady
answer wns, "Oh, he must get Glad
stone to explain her away."
The famous Amerlcnn horse trainer,
Rnrey, when he wns In England spoke
of Gladstone ns one of the finest and
boldest riders he had ever seen. Once
when chancellor of the exchequer he
wns taking his usual ride In, Hyde park
on a spirited young horse, the horse
plunged nnd ran a way, git off the or
dinary track of riders and enme along
a spread of turf divided by rails and
gnteways of slender Iron. It went
straight over one of the gateways.
Gladstone wns determined to get the
better of thnt horse. The moment the
horse hnd leaped the gate the rider
turned him round and put him at the
gat" ngaln. Again and again he topped
It, nnd again his master turned him and
made him go at it once more, and sur
mount It yet nnother time. So It went
on until the horse was fairly, but very
harmlessly, conquered, nnd the rider
was the supreme victor of the day.
Of Gldastone's coolness nnd self-possession
In an emergency Miss Mary An.
derson gives n notnble and now histori
cal Instance. It was on the occnslon of
her first meeting with the G. O. M., who
was the prime minister, at a break
fast In Downing street. "I had the
pleasure," says Our Mary, "of sitting
between him nnd the late Lord Gran
ville. Mr. Gladstone wns speaking
amusingly of toys, contrasting tho
quaint and simple ones of his childhood
with the Intricate and wonderful piny
things of todny, when, to the horror
of all, a loud explosion wns heard,
which seemed to be in the house. Hap
pening nt a time when dynamite was
being freely used In London nnd Vic
toria station had already been partially
demolished by n bomb, Its effect was
naturally terrifying. Mr. Gladstone was
the only one of the pnrty who did not
show the slightest sign of fear, nnd
went to the scene of the explosion nt
once. We soon learned that an attempt
had been made to blow up the admir
alty near by. On his return Mr. Glad
stone, after expressing his indignation
nt the cowardice of such proceedings,
said nothing further on the subject. A
few moments Inter he wns helping me
with my wrap, which he put on upside
down, mnklng nmuslng remarks about
ladles' cloaks in general and mine In
particular."
An Exception.
Senator Vest has a favorite story
which he has told on the occasion of
many a political speech, but, so far as
known, never on the floor of the United
States senate.
' "A temperance lecturer wns strug
gling against odds In Kentucky," says
the senator. "He was talking to a not
very large audience that had been
drawn to the hall by curiosity. 'The
effect of alcohol Is to shorten life.' said
the lecturer.
"An old man In the rear of the hall
arose at that Juncture and said: 'You're
a liar!'
" 'Why?' Inquired the advocate of Ad
am's ale.
" 'Rocnuse, sir, I've been drinking for
seventy-five years, and I'm ninety, nnd
nm likely to live to be 100. I am strong
enough to lick you If you'll step out
side.' " 'Oh. no doubt sir. You're an ex
ception, sir. If you keep on drinking'
the lecturer pnused.
" 'What?' Inquired the Impatient old
toper.
" 'If you keep on drinking you'll hnve
to be shot on Judgment day." "St.
Louis Globe-Democrat.
Policy Something that's more often
to blame for a man's honesty than
principle.
WORSE THAN IT IS IN CUBA
PILLAGE OF THE NATIVES
OPEN AIM OF SPAIN.
Millions for Spanish Courts and
Private Fortunes of Brutal Men
Wrunjr from Slaves by the Most
Shameless Torture.
Even Cuba, with all Its abominations,,
scarcely affords so remarkable a picture
of Spanish oppression, miscalled gov
ernment, ob may be seen In the Philip
pines. It Ib only the remoteness and
Isolation of these unhappy Islands that
has prevented the atrocities there per
petrated from arousing the Indigna
tion of the whole worfd. The purpose
of this article, however, Is not to detail
the shocking barbarities practiced In
times of disorder; facts of this sort
are already too familiar. I wish rather
to show the titter Incapacity of the
Spanslh for the exercise of civilized.
government over a dependent province
even In times of so-called peace; and
this has a much more vital connection
with the ultimate Cuban problem than
their conduct when Incensed by revolt.
The Philippines nre extremely Inter,
estlng In themselves, but are seldom
visited by tourists, partly In conse
quence of their lying out of the ordi
nary lines of travel and partly because
of the policy of Chinese seclusion cul
tivated by the government. The climate,
too, Is unhealthy beyond what Is usual
In the tropics, and the unsettled state
of the country, swarming with exas
perated savages nnd bandits of the
worst description, makes excursions be
yond the limits of the principal cities
very perilous. About 600 islands are in
cluded Jn the group, and the total area.
Is considerable some 150,000 square
miles, three or four times that of Cuba.
Exact data, however, are dlfllcult to
obtain. There are a multitude of Insig
nificant Islets hardly known except upon,
the charts of navigators; but Luzon al
most equals Cuba in extent, and Its.
chief city, Mnailn, has a population es
timated at 300.000 greater than Ha
vana. Altogether, the Islnnds probably
contaln not less than 8,000,000 souls; so
that Spanish cruelty finds plenty of raw
material to work upon.
And most of It is raw to the last dee
gree a medley of diverse nnd hostile
laces ranging from the puny and dying-
remnant or the Negritos, who live like
wild beasts In the highlands, subsist
ing upon the roots which they clnw out
in tne grounu, to the fierce and unsub
i tied Mohammedan tribes that still keep
tip the bloody war of creeds which
l,-aged In Spain for so many centuries.
These latter ure chiefly of Malay orl
rln. nnd many of them are professional
(end hunters, well qunlifled to retort
Spanish outrages In kind. There are
also Chinese In large numbers, and half
tastes of nil varieties. The proportion
of Europeans Is small, even In the
cities. The resident Spaniards nre all
soldiers or officials of some sort, and
are there simply for what they can
make by extortion and corrupt prac
tices. But, Indeed, pillage of the wretchei
natives Is the almost open aim of the
government the sole end for which it
Is organized nnd maintained; so why
should petty nfllclals be scrupulous? It
Is the old Roman provincial system, de
nounced by Cicero 2.000 years ago, but
n Spain unforgotten and unimproved.
"What other use has she for depend
encies, except as n source of revenue
strung by torture from the misery of
slaves, and Incidentally as a fattening
ground for her savage war dogs? Here
the detestable Weyler Is said to have
accumulated a fortune of several mil
lion dollars In three years more than
twenty times the whole amount of his
salary.
The methods employed in this legal
ized system of robbery are mltleval In
character, but often highly Ingenious.
One of them Is the "cedula personal."
a sort of passport. Every person In
the Islnnds over eighteen years of age
and accessible to the authorities, Is re
quired to take out one of these docu
ments; even the women ore not ex
empt. The cedula must i.a lenewed
annually, and the cost Is from $1.50 to
$25 nccordlng to circumstances the
chief circumstance being the victim's
ability to pay. This In n country where
wages sometimes fall as low as 5 cent's
a day! And any one who hfolds a ced
ula costing less than $3 Is further re
quired to render the government fifteen;
days of unremunerated labor,
Rut the cedula Is only one device out
of many for extracting gold from the
refractory ore of poverty. A hungry
nntlve cannot kill his own hog or buf
falo for meat without a special permit
which, of course, must be paid for.
He Is not allowed to press out a pint
of coconnut oil from the fruit of his
own orchnrd until he hns obtained n.
license, nnd this also has Its price. The
orchard Itself is taxed; everything 1.
taxed In the Philippines.
The resident Chinese are further sub
jected to a special tax whether for ex
isting or for not being something else
Is not stnted. They are not popular,
and are treated with the most shameless
Injustice. This the following Incident
will illustrate:
Fires are very frequent In Mnnlla and
very destructive, most of the houses
being of wood, while the poorer dis
tricts are n mere Jumble of bamboo
huts, thousnnds of which are some
times consumed In a day without excit
ing much comment. A fire In the busi
ness portion, however, arouses more In
terest; It affords opportunities that are
rot to be neglected. On one such occa
sion, where the scene of the conflagra
tion was a quarter chiefly occupied by
Chinese shops, the street was soon
thronged with an enger mob. The poor
Chinamen, nctlng much like crazed cat
tle, had fled Into their upper chambers
and locked the doors, apparently pre
ferring death by fire to the treatment
they were likely to receive outside. Hut
there wns no escape. The "rescuers."
Spanish soldiers quickly broke In with
axes and after emptying the money
boxes hurled the wretched Mongolians
nnd nil their goods Into the street to
be dealt with at discretion. It wns a.
mere pretext for robbery and outrage,
ns many of the shops were remote from
the fire and in no danger. The next
morning the middle of the street was
piled high with soiled and broken goods
und any one who cared to bribe the sen
tries wns allowed to carry off as much
ns he pleased. All day long the carts
went to nnd fro, openly conveying away
the plunder. The owners were not in
evidence; what had become of then
Is not recorded. Such Is the "fire de
partment" of Mnnlla.
The natural resources of the Philip
pines ure very great, nnd under a civil
ized administration these islnnds would
be rich and prosperous. Rut the mildew
of Spanish mlsgovernment is upon ev
erything, and Its perennial blight is far
more disastrous than the worst out
breaks of savagory In time of war. His
total Inability to maintain an endur
able government In time of pence Is
whnt marks the Spaniard as hopelessly
unfit to rule. c KAY
f'l
r
X.
I
y- A
Y