THE HERALD.
T. J. O'KEEFE, Publisher.
HBMINQFORD - NEBRA8IA,
STATE NEWS.
Colonel I W. Colby of Beatrice wai
tiomlnnted by the president to be a
brigadier general In the volunteer army.
The full quota of volunteers for
northeast Nebraska has been raised by
the recruiting station at Wakefield
under the management of Thomas Raw.
JlngB and J. II. Brown. They have ro
celved orders to proceed to Lincoln.
Walter Norris. a photographer, was
arrested at Hubbell by Sheriff Bona
vertz and brought to Falrbury. He Is
charged with breaking In O. B. Relders'
photographic studio at that place and
stealing a valuable camera and other
material.
A party of boys were swimming In
the river above Falrbury, and one of
tho number, Claude Morris, about IB
years old, waded Into deep water and
was drowned. Tho body haa not been
recovered. Morris was his mother's
only child.
About fifty cadets of the Stato uni
versity arrayed In various Btyles of
white garments, Indulged In the annual;
"ahlrt-tall parade." They were led by
A band composed of a snare drum, itj
tracked cornet, two nlto horns and a;
tuba, all trying to play the air to "Hot
Time," with more or less success. The,
number of students In the parade was
not as large as usual.
Mrs. Ira Noble of Charlton. la., who,
ran away from home with a man named!
McCullough, Is held at the police sta.
tlon at Lincoln awnltlng the arrival ofj
ler father. Her husband Is already,
here, and It Is believed ho will forglvq
ills recreant spouse nnd take her hornet
Mrs. Noble Is a handsome woman and!
If her tears arc any Indication, has
fully repented her folly.
Through the hot weather season tho
Lincoln Gun club will hold Its weekly
shoots on Friday evenings Just after
jsupper. One feature of these practlcq
shoots will be the contest for the chain
plonship cup, which Is to come oflj
very week, the new champion being
compelled to defend his title nt tho
next weekly shoot. It Is expected that
this -will bring out a good attendance ot
the best marksmen every Friday.
Nearly three Inches of water fell lrt
two hours nt Plalnvlew. During the
storm lightning struck and set fire to
tho Methodist church, but prompt work,
by tho citizens saved the structure. The,
resldenco of John Van Horn was also
truck and the family prostrated. Mrs.
Van Horn Is In a delicate condition.,
North of here hall fell ns large as wal
nuts, covering the ground to a depth of
several Inches.
The first flro nt the exposition oc
surrcd on West Midway, and resulted
In the destruction of the shaft house nt.
the California gold mining tunnel con-!
cession. The place had not been open-"
d to the public, und the concessionaires
had been rushing the work of prepara
tion. They had been doing some paint
ing, nnd some unused benzine was Ipft
In the shafe. In some manner unknown
It was Ignited, and almost Instantly tho
fragile structure was ablaze. The de
partment on the grounds responded
promptly to the alarm, and the mor
remotely located companies reached tho
grounds In surprisingly short order, but
he fire was under control before the
arrival of the latter.
Arjutant General Bnrry has prepared
for sending out to the recruiting olllcers,
nnd temporary company commanders
companies of the Third regiment, Ne
braska volunteers, nn order prcscrlb-i
Ing the scope of physical examination
which recruits will have to undergo
The selection of men for enlistment
will be In accordance with the rulea
Said down therein. Reports from com,
parues which are coming In every davj
show that many of the companies havq
recruited up to the maximum, and tho
others are rapidly approaching this,
point. The change of the organization
from 84 to 1ft) men after the recruiting
was commenced and a number of com
panies organized retnrded the work)
somewhat, as a number of ofllcers did
not understand nt once that they werq
expected to recruit to the full number.
Whenever the order comes to gather ad
eome central point for muster In tho
Third regiment will bo ready to re--..,.i
, minn nti.i with full rnnkR. nnd
then others waiting to get In whero I
the doctors may make vacancies will
nave a chance.
Because he refused to accede to thn,
demand of four hold-up men for his
money, Henry Rothmnn of Plattsmouth,
was terribly beaten nbout the head with
a. coupling pin at the foot of Twelfth
street and left for dead Ills friend.
...,.. Pnmnhnll nlml llf Pin 1 1 SlllOUt ll. Ill
iave hlmse f from the fate of his com.
rmnlon surrendered his valuables on
demand of the lobbers. Eight dollars.
n tnken from Rothmnn and J6 from
Campbell. The foimer is now lylnR
on n cot at the central police station.
Omaha. Three of the four men are
locked up at the station. They were
positively Identified by Campbell They
cive the names of Edward Porter,
Frank Deldrldge and William Johnson
Campbell and Rothmnn. who had Just
reached tho city, wero decoyed to the
place they were assaulted and rubbed
ly their associates. They met the men
on Famnm and Tenth street and asked
to ne uirecieu ui u viici ""b i-...--.
The men iook mem uj mc "". ,i
Twelfth street. Arriving there, one ot
the men suddenly demanded of Roth
man 1 ' money. Instead of complying
Rathman started to run nway One of
the men picked up a coupling pin and
.,, Mm into insensibility and then
.... ... i An.... l.llt, tt.a ntliprJ!
rcoueo nun .iivuii" ,v v..v ,
were searching Campbell for valuables
After the robbeiy the men ran south
on Twelfth street Rothman was re
moved to the central station In the pa
trol wagon where his wounds wero
dressed The three prisoners were ar
rested an hour later.
Nebraska Day Program.
Mnslr Hand
Invocation Chancellor MacLean of
the University of Nebraska.
Formal dedication of the Nebraska
nulldlng. Judge William H. Neville,
president of state commission.
Response Governor Silas A. Hoi.
comb.
Music Glee club.
Remarks Hon. William Jennlngi
Bryan
Music.
Address Hon. W. F. Gurley, Omaha
Music. Address Hon. C. J. Smyth.
Banquet to Invited guests.
Ladles' Cadets of North Platte will
give a drill both afternoon and evening
In the assembly room of the Nebraska
building. They challenge the world
and especially the Spaniards.
EXPOSITION OPENING DAY
FORTY THOUSAND TArtE PART
IN THE GRAND EVENT.
Tho Parado-Wlth Martial Muslo
They March to tho Orounds
Spooohes by Noted Orators-A
Glorious Day.
Fairer day never dawned than that
which smiled on the opening of the
Trans-Mlsslsslppl and International ex
position. 1 All the cardinal polntB of the compass
converged at Omaha, the pivotal point,
over the various railroads. Everybody
"wore his best clothes and a broad smllo
and not a thing occurred to mar tho
movement of the 20,000 people who ar
rived by one or the other sections of
'the regular trains or specials. All tho
roads and the temporary depots' facili
ties were taxed to almost their fullest
Capacity, and still not a word of com.
plaint wan heard from any source.
THE PARADE.
The parade was formed down town
about 9:30. During almost an hour of
'waiting on the part of the military fur
the civilian portion of the parade to get
Into line, the 260 Nebraska State Uni
versity cadets demonstrated their abil
ity at "yells" and used them. At the
head of the parade, with the State Uni
versity band, and Major Charles H.
True In command, the Nebraska boys
also demonstrated their ability to
march and countermarch. The white
trousers with blue coats and caps look
cd well and so did the wearers.
At 10:35 Major T. S. Clarkson,
grand marshal of the parnde, gave the
command to start from Sixteenth and
.Douglas streets. As the signal was
given a cheer went up from the many
thousands which were massed at tho
,four corners of the street. A large
platoon of police had great dlfllculty In
'keeping the crowd near enough to the
sidewalk to prevent pressing In the
procession.
As the carriage containing William
J. Bryan passed through the crowds,
'cheer upon cheer rose on the air and
he was accorded a perfect ovation all
along the route of march.
The head of the procession arrived
at the Arch of States at 11:45 a. m.
and at once proceeded to the speakers'
stand in the grand court.
It required nearly an hour for the
end of the procession to pass through
the arch.
THE OPENINO CEREMONIES.
The place chosen for the formal
opening ceremonies was the cool arch
marking the point where the colon
nades converge at the east end of the
lagoon. The speakers' platform wns
directly under the archway opening to
the west, commanding the very finest
view of the lagoon, Hanked with the
magnificent buildings of the court,
with the Imposing Government build
ing looming up, Its white walls daz
zling and Its gilded dome shining like
burnished gold In the flood of sunlight.
Beneath the arch and on tiers grad
ually ascending were placed the short
benches for the exposition chorus and
jthe United States Marine band. Still
further down a quartet of nn acre of
raving was covered with settees for
the accommodation of the general au
dience. Chairs for the governor and
staff, the speakers nnd other prominent
guests were placed just In the rear of
the speakers' platform
ADVENT OF THE PARADE.
The first Intimation In the main
court that the parade was near was
when the scarlet coats of the members
of the United States Marine band ap
peared on the viaduct, coming over
from the bluff tract. From this time
on the crowds, which for two hours
had quite blackened the walks of the
court, began to move toward the east
end, and their progress wns accelerated
when the music of bands and the en
tering carriages announced that the
procession had come
Benches had been arranged for about
3.000. It was not long before they
were filled, and as many thousand
more surged about the seated throng
Governor Holcomb looked admiringly
out through the nrch to the west anJ
said: "Do you know, I haven't been
out here since last December, and this
Is as much a revelation to me as to
anybody."
The parade entered the grounds In
no order, and while the several di
visions were getting seated nt the
stand, there was time for those on the
platform to spend twenty or twenty-five
minutes In social chat ana tne malting
of acquaintances
THE EXERCISES BEGIN.
When William Santelman. leader of
the United States Marine band, arose,
every pair of hands In the vast throng
was clapping, un Inspiring noise, soon
stilled by the more Inspiring notes of
tho "Jubilee Overture," as they softly
went out over the court.
This was followed by the prayer and
the opening address by Exposition
j President Wattles Senator AllenV
compliments weie rend. John L. eb
Allen s
hter orating In the senntor's stead
It was plain that the "Song of Wel
come," sung by the exposition chorus,
uccompanled by the marine band, was
one of tho favorite features of the pro
gram. The quality of the work done by
the chorus wns critically examined;
there was no disappointment, but gen
uine elation as the song swelled forth
In perfect measure nnd enrapturing
harmony. The applause wns long and
general.
Following the "Song of Welcome"
came the main addrtss of the day deliv
ered by John N. Baldwin of Council
niulYa
it was found that the long distance
telephone would not work and tho
message, addressed to President Wat
tles, came directly over the telegraph
wire from the White house to a "pock
et" Instrument on the stand.
President McKlnley then gave the
Mgnal for the running up of the flage
nnd the starting of the mnchinery. All
this had occurred before the time at
which Governor Holcomb nrose to de
liver the president's address, which
closed the afternoon exercises.
THE MARINE BAND CONCERT.
The playing of the Marine band
elicited the most enthusiastic applause
and was the subject or comment in an
parts of the grounds. Its Initial per
formance In the afternoon developed
the fact that there will be few. If any.
more popular features connected with
the exposition.
The famous Marine band of Washing
ton will be here two weeks It was
planned that they should give dally
concerts In the afternoon In the pa
vilion on the Grand Plaza, but this was
found to be Inconvenient, as the pavil
ion faces the west, and gets devilishly
hot. The afternoon concerts will take
place In front of the government build
ing at the west end of the lagoon, in
the shade.
The feature of the evening was the
second concert by the Marine band.
Another feature of the evening was
the fireworks the most brilliant display
ever witnessed in the west.
SPAIN'S 8PIE8.
Bcnor Luis Polo y Bernabe, who woi
KicKeu out oi ms. panisn emDassy at trosts. Only in one respect do the
Washington, is by far America's mos sharply defined lines cease to exist, and
dangerous enemy. I that Is In the feellntr that It Is alwayi
He Is conducting the greatest secrel afternoon. Of course there Is a morn
bureau ot modern times. , ing, but. you don't seem to .realize it
He holds the reins of a mighty sys. It Is a most peculiar sensation. You feel
tern of spying by which every movi all the while as though It were time
our government makes In this war with to knock off whatever you are doing
Spain becomes as well known to tin and go home. Tou are drowsy. The
authorities at Madrid, as It Is In Wash, buzzing of a big bluebottle fly In a
Ington. I window pane will set you a-noddlng.
While the American naval board U The little shops all look as though It
obliged to trust to rumors, unconfirmed were about time to put up the shutters,
dispatches and to guess at the coursi in direct contrast with the sleepy old
of or the Intentions of the enemy'B fleet, town Is the magnlfllcent hotel. Here Is
the Spanish minister of marine and hli where the officers congregate. Many of
subordinates, prosecuting active war- them have their wives and families
fare labor under no such disadvantage. with them, nnd life to them la at least
The Spanish government is fully bearable. Most of the northern tourists
equipped with sources of Information have left, and the army families practl
.from the enemy's camp. The suicide of cally have tho place to themselves,
the spy Downing after his capture doei And again In direct constrast with
not cause the slipping of a cog even In ; the hotel and its colony of ofllcers is
the well-oiled Spanish machinery across , the encampment. It is a dreary waste
tne line, iie was almost a nonentity,
nnd the system brings results Just at
effectively as If he had never had hit
inslgnlflclent part In it.
Polo's associates at Montreal are as
oily and capable as the chief himself.
They are diplomats, naval officers and
military men. They form Spain's most
effective Htratglc board, the one at Mad.
rid being merely a figurehead.
Tho headquarters of this board are In
rooms 126 and 128 of the new Wostmont
residence of the Spanish consul genera
at Montreal.
Here dally and nightly information
pours in, a thousand words at a time,
cent by Spanish agents In the United
States, only to be reconverted InU In
struction, flashed under the Atlantic
ocean, down the American coaBt to Ha
vana, to Porto Rico, to Martinique, and .
bv this time undoubtedly to Curacoa,
From here Itng messages are nightly not over a play, but over the action of
transmitted to Madrid and equally the secretary of war or the president,
lengthy cables are received In return. which argument Is often conducted in
And the mest Important of all is Lon. a manner more forcible than polite,
don. A fjmall fortune Is being spent "Why should we be kept waiting In
with seemingly reckless prodigality on this hole at the pleasure of a few bat
the Anglo-American and Commercial tleshlps and cruisers?" some Impatient
cables from Montreal to London, vetaran will demand. "It's all Infernal
News concerning the Ameilcan army
and navy Is ccmlng from three points
In the United States. Island In half the time It would take
An agent In or near Washington, ir, the navy to Blnk the Spanish fleet."
a position frcm which ho enn observe Several growls of dessent will lnvarl
and acquaint himself with Important ably grest thla outburst, and as often
matter, is in communication with Mon- some argumentative officer, who really
treul. thinks as the others do but who cannot
In addition there are two agents in allow an opportunity for an argument
the south who are covering the field of pass, will make some remark that will
the army and navy operations for the cause the card game to be entirely for
Spanlsh embassy. gotten, and the war will be fought all
Under these various agents are nun- through In anticipation,
dreds of subordinates, spies and diggers It Is curious to note the respect with
who get hold of all the information to which the officers of the militia mus
bo had. ' tered In regard the seasoned officers ot
News Is Rent to nn agent In New York the regular army, and the tolerant con
city, where he can use the European descenslon which the latter bestow
cables without attracting any attention, upon the former. Probably In no other
as the large amount of code and cipher class of American society are the lines
mercantile business which Is being con- 30 closely drawn as In military life, and
stantly transmitted renders detection especially where women are concerned.
Improbable. You see it in the military posts of the
From London the cablegrams from west In a murked degree, and you see
the United States cross the water again ;ome evidence of it at Tampa,
to Canso, then to Montreal over tho The vetsran officers of the civil war
land wires. who are again In the service are looked
Dispatches are being received fre- upon with srrrething akin to reverence,
quently with a London date line, ad- The words which drop from their lips
dressed either to polo or Bonllln, and ire eagerly listened to, and carefully
they generally arrive In the evening, repeated to those not so fortunate as
Messages are being sent dally to Lon- to get them at a first hearing. "As
don beurlng a code address In Spanish. General Lee remarked to me yester-
Cablegrams are sent to Madrid, but day," some dapper young officer will
the communications to England are not remark, swelling with pride until tho
for the Information of the Spanish mln- padding in his Jacket threatens to burst
Ister of marine. They are Intended for the buttons and then he will repeat
the United States information bureau, verbatim Just what General Lee re-
For several days previous to the marked, taking great care to get the
bombardment of San Juan messages proper emphasis, and probably missing
were sent to Macals, Porto Rico. the point altogether.
Blanco Is communicated with and
heard from every twenty-four hours,
und sometimes oftener. Cablegrams
ure going from Montreal direct to
Blanco, Havana
About the time of the announced In-
tentlon of Admiral Sampson to move
upon Porto Rico, nnd when the Key
West fleet as coaling, evidently for
a long voyage, the local officers here
were furnished with cables addressed
to a Spanish code eddress at Fort dv
France, Martinique. Others went lo
Madrid, San Juan and Ponce.
Messages addressed to London are
written In ni merals, and are arranged
ufler this style.
0 4 6 4 6 8 3579 19 0.
. -i i c.,iov, ti,.n rv.iir.iu
Several words In .Spanish 1 then fol low.
and there is tt" hm ranB ment ot
numerals lifter the above style, broken
flflt' character wtl Sun up "forty and
this Character Will run up 10 toriy arm
fiftv changed words, accorumg 10 me.
ll'ICTKI UJII t-WMI'lJ A1.VJ.
Those which come from London to
Montreal appear to be other combina
tions of this same cipher scheme.
For the Infoimatlon which Senor Polo
wishes to yet to Madrid he apparently
uses another code, for It la obviously
not the same system In use by tne
agencies In London and the United
States.
For Instance, those Intended for Mad
rid and Blanco are written almost en
tlrely in Spanish words, with only here
and there a break and the interpella
tion of a set of tlguies.
As a further prtcautlon against the
remote posfrlblhty of any one of the
cable message being Intercepted or
copied on this side of the water, tne
which Polo wishes to send la
transmitted In two dlsi atthes. In oidei
to make head or tall out of the mess
of seemingly meaningless words and
figures, not only the cipher would have
to be Known, but the conespondlng and
nccnsnpanylng cablegram must be at
hand.
Instead of a message, for Instance,
being given In Its entirety to the Anglo
American Cable company or to the
Commercial cable company, It Is cut
up and the parts sent simultaneously
to the d33tlnation by both these com
panies.
If, for example, the message to Mad
rid Is started ovsr the Anglo-American
cable, the first, third, fifth, seventh and
ninth words nie written on the blank
which is delivered to this company. The
-ven words rnd chniacters are embod
lid in nnoihe message bearing the
same nddiess, and this combination
Is transmitted by the Commercial
Cubic- company line.
In every known Instance the cables
sent out of here have been divided
according to this formula.
fiom across the line are sending their
dispatches to London In this same dls
Int. -grated shape.
This cable scheming has already cost
over JJ.S00
A German military critic says if we
could have all the armies of the conti
nent on a war footing nnd drawn up
In one long procession, with their guns
nnd ammunition and baggage wagons,
the column would be more than 24,000
miles long, and, marching day and
night. It would take nearly a year
to pass a given point.
A horse will eat In a year nine times
his own weight, a cow nine times, an ox
six times, and a sheep six times.
ft ..l.tlnM rnliAinu la nlcTt f ftt IlU'Ofl V I
a Bimiiui c.icn.c ..-. "'""'"'-""' prefer saying nothing. It Is only fair
those sending messages from London. , Cclonel de Corejo. General
and presumably the spies In this coun- Uy ler8 brother-in-law. had nothing to
trv who are uettinc reports to Polo l ;..,.,. ..... 1. ' ,,. ,,
THE SOLDIER BOY8 AT TAMPA
Tampa, is a place of marked con
of sand and stunted trees that meets
the gaze of the soldier boys a typical
Southern Florida landscape. The sea
soned veterans of the regular army,
many of them used to the solitude of
the plains, broken only by their own
comradeship, don't mind It bo much.
But to the volunteers, fresh from city
life, the prospect Is not encouraging.
It wouldn't be bo bad If there were
any Immediate propect of getting into
a scrap with Spain. It la the suspense,
the inactivity, the nervous tension of
simply waiting that is wearing on tho
nerves of both officers and men. Up at
the hotel there Is a semblance of gayety,
but It Is all sort of half hearted that
Is on the part of the men. There are
Impromptu darces, In which the young
er officers participate, while the old
fellows play whist or hearts until the
came breaks un In a heated argument.
nonsense. If they would only order
us to Cuba we could clean out the '
out at camp much the same condition
or afralrs exists. Of course the men
have less time to. show their discontent,
tut they feel the effects of the Inacti
vity none the less. There are drills tu
be gone through, cne of the most 'nter
estlng of which Is the Infantry rifle
drill In the sand pits, and there is the
dully routine of camp life. But at night,
around bltzlng pine legs nnd over a
pipe, they show their discontent In
words even more forcible than those
employed by the officers up at the big
hotel.
As a whole they are a fine lot of
fellows, big, brawny, strapping chaps,
, lust Itching for a chance to get at the
Spaniards. And they are even more
pointed In their references to the offi-
v t Wflsb,ngton tnan arc the ofn.
A d tnere they are nearly 15,000
f h d , h desoatye 8pot
"'" wat,n walt,"S for the eager-
. nnt olnatpd ordpr. "On to (UihnV
r - ----- ,
The Spanish Prisoners.
A story, ccnveylng a lesson to auto
graph fiends and philanthropists, has
leaked out In relation to the sixteen
Spanish prisoners at Fort McPherson,
These captives anticipated rough treat
ment en toute, but the people flocked
to their jar at every station and loaded
them with gcod things to eat and re
quests for autc graphs. The latter were
mostly preferred by young ladles, who
presented fans and albums, and in most
cases beg.?2d for a "bentiment" as well
as a signature.
The Spaniards soon perceived the
sommercial possibilities of the situation
mil Instituted a sliding scale of prices,
ranging from 0 cents fcr a scrawl to a
dollar for seeral words At Macon
they took In considerably more than
128, and In addition to this traffic In
autographs they drove a lively trade in
brass buttons, scraps of gilt braid and
little pieces of cloth cut from their
uniforms.
It seems, however, that the dollar
was not 'he only possibility that the
prisoners discerned In the rush of au
tograph collectors. They perceived nn
excellent opportunity for getting even
with the hated Americans, nearly all
of whom evidently were unacquainted
with the Spanish tongue. Consequently
they began by tacking to their signa
tures such phrases as "Long live Spain"
and "Hurrah for Weyler."
As these passed muster without ques
tion, they grew bolder nnd made "use
of epithets of a decidedly uncompli
mentary nature. Seme were actually
Indecent, ns one young lady of Macon
found to her anger when the "senti
ment" attached to the autograph of
a Spanish officer was translated to her.
Since this and a few other translations
have became known Indignation runs
high, but the maJorit of the victims
Lieutenant Zembrona of the Fifth bat
tallon confined themselves to scowling
from a corner of the car.
Joseph Chamberlain, the British
statesman whose recent speech advo
cating an Anglo-American alliance, has
set the world by the ears, first met his
American wife at a girl's luncheon. He
happened to call at the house, and
was Invited to take the only vacant
seat at table, which was next that oi
Miss Endlcott, with whom he very
promptly fell In love and afterwards
married.
Nearly 60,000 acres have been re
claimed in Ireland during the past yeat
from bog and marsh lands.
uu wiui me uuiuKi ii'i (witiii. jic tiiiu
SEN, ALLEN DEFENDS THE PEOPLE.
the infamous scheme of loading the people down
With a huge debt is opposed by allen.
CORPORATIONS FIGHTING
Tho Sinister Purposes and the Craven. Cowardly Methods of the Plu
tocratic Wolyes In Congress Strlppod of Their Sheep's Clothing.
Washington, D. C. Juno 7. Tho sen
nto having under consideration the bill
to raise revonuo to carry on the war
with Spain, Senator Alton epoko as fol
lows: Mr. Allen Mr. President, I shall not
undertake a very close analysis of the
pending bill nor enter Into an extended
discussion of its provisions. I shnll
content myself at this time with calling
attention to a few obnoxious features
and to pointing out. as best I can, why
they should not be enacted Into law.
The discussion thus far has developed
the fact that If the wishes of the dif
ferent Interests to be taxed are to be
consulted the bill will be converted
Into a measure to authorize the Issu
ance of bonds alone, and will carry with
it no taxation whatever.
The Junior senator from Massachu
setts (Mr. Lodge) but a day or two ago
.Inveighed strongly against the Imposi
tion of a tax on corporations, claiming
that It was unjust. The senator from
Connecticut (Mr. Piatt) also spoke
strongly against the tax on corpora
tions, as did the senator from Maine
(Mr. Frye). Corporations are protest
ling against the Imposition of a tax on
their franchise and property; and I do
not myself see much distinction be
tween a franchise and property. The
manufacturers of patent medicines and
(Proprietary articles are protesting
against a tax on their wares. The
transportation companies are protest
ing against a tax being Imposed on
them. The tobacco interests are pro
testing against so large a tax being
Imposed on them as the pending bill
provides for. In fact every interest,
every business that can reach this
ichamber by telegrams and by letters
Is protesting that some other Industry
or some other business could better af
ford to be taxed than that particular
business.
Mr. Butler Will the senator from Ne
braska pardon me for a moment?
Mr. Allen Certainly.
Mr. Butler My state Is a very large
tobacco state. There are only a few
states that are largely interested In
kobacco. Our people are not protest
ing against a tax on them similar and
equal to what we put upon others. In
fact they have not protested against
the tax being raised from 6 cents to
12 cents, which Is 100 per cent Increase.
They merely protest when It Is proposed
to put It as high as 16 cents, and even
100 per cent Increase Is a great hard
ship when It bears on only a few states
In the union. If all the states of the
union were tobacco states It would
be a very different thing, but we are
standing without protest a 100 per cent
Increase. We do not, however, want
any more, for any more would be
clearly unjust.
Mr. Allen I do not see that the re
mark Is very germane to my discussion,
and I do not regard It as necessary to
potlce It any further. I was trying
to make it appear, as I think It does,
that every interest In the land, except
the agriculturists and laborers, are
protesting against the Imposition of
n tax upon their particular Industry
or occupation.
Mr President, It ought to be gratlfy-
ng to every American citizen to pay
lis equitable portion of the war tax.
uo not for a moment admit that just
and equitable taxation is a burden,
lind when writers speak of taxes us
being a burden, I regard it as a mis
nomer, for every citizen and every
industry ought to regard It as a privil
ege to pay his or its just and equitable
portion of the money expended to sup
port the national government. We ob
tain our compensation for taxes paid
presumably In the protection the gov
ernment affords us.
The government extends to Its citi
zens and over their property and In
terests a certain protection by means
of Its existence, and for that the citi
zen pays his certain portion of public
taxation to support the government. It
I is not a burden when Justly and equit
ably levied and assessed against either
persons or property. So It Is If these
different Interests I have mentioned
pould have their way, the pending bill
would be converted Into a bill to In
crease the bonded Indebtedness of the
United States
Yesterday we had a learned discus
sion by the senior senator from Ken
tucky (Mr. Lindsay) on the constitu
tion, which Is considered here so fre
quently. The constitution Is Invoked
on all occasions, not only In favor of
ceitain measures, but against measures,
as the convenience of the particular
orator may require, and yesterday we
weie treated to a disquisition by the
senatoi from Kentucky on the constl
tutional powers of the state and na
tional governments lo impose taxes I
hold, without teferring to any judicial
decisions 01 othei authority, that there
Is no propert and no individual or
franchise in the United Stales that this
goernment may not la a tax on if
necessity requires II outside, possibly,
of the mere administrative agencies of
the respective state and national gov.
ernments. They cannot destroy them
selves by taxation But with that sin
gle exception the national government
can reacli every individual of the 75.-
COO 000 of our people, eveiy dollar of
' money and every article of property
. by appropriate taxation and when It
I does it equitably, Imposing a Just ta
upon persons and property, no man and
no corporation and no interest hag any
right to complain
j Is there anything sinister. Mr. Presl
dent, in this avowed purpose to escape
taxation and to eliminate many of the
tax features of this bill It strikes me
I there is. and what is that purpoe".
jit Is to increase the interest-bearing
debt of the r untry If taxation can
I el'mlnate and take off of corporations
and the tax on proprietary articles
, and on different articles embraced in
this bill can be defeated a void w-iii
be created which can be filled onlv
by the Issuance of greenbacks or Interest-bearing
bonds to augment the
present bonded Indebtedness of the na.
lion I have no hesitatancy sir. In stat
ing that It is my belief that that Is
the motive underlying to a very great
extent the opposition to the taxing
features of the bill.
I shall not discuss the money question
In all Its various features but I will
endeavor to point out before I conclude
wherein the United States can obtain
ample money with "which to conduct
fhe war without the Issuance of an interest-bearing
obligation In any form.
But before I do so I wish to call at
tention to a notable exception to the
corporations that do not want to be
taxed. I wish to call attention to one
corporation that has expressed to me
THEIR PORTION OF TAXATION
In writing In the form of a dispatch
a desire to bear its full portion of tho
added taxation with which to success
fully conduct the war.- It Is so ex
ceptional and so rare and refreshing
that I feel 1 ought to read the dis
patch. I read.
New York, May 25, 1R9S Hon. W. V.
Allen, Washington, D. C: The beet
sugar manufacturers of the United
States do not ask and do not want to
be excluded from paying their Just
share of the war taxes along with
other corporations, should such a tax
be Imposed. HENRY T. OXNARD,
President,
Mr. President. It Is truly gratifying to
find a great Industry like the American
Beet Sugar company coming torward
and taking a patriotic stand at this
time and saying to congress, "We do
not desire to escape taxation, but as
patriotic citizens we want to benr our
full portion of the public burden and
contribute dollar for dollar our equit
able and Just portion or taxation." How
strongly this Is In contrast with tho
telegrams and letters we receive from
all over the country protesting against
the Imposition of a tax upon this parti
cular corporation and that particular
corporation and this particular Inter
est and that particular interest. Mr.
President, It would seem, If we are
to follow the advice and request of
some of the gentlemen representing
corporations and some of these inter
ests, that the government would be
absolutely paralyzed for want ot
money.. We would not be able to ral3e
a dollar to conduct this war in which
we are all so deeply interested.
But bonds, interest-bearing obliga
tions, are what Is wanted, say soma
senators, and the senator from Connec
ticut (Mr Piatt) yesterday said that he
thought It was Just that the burdens
of the war should be distributed
through the years that this generation
should not bear the entire burden. That
Is the argument of cowardice. There
Is no other word that fittingly ex
presses It. Every generation should care
for itself and pay Its own obligations.
It would be absolutely cowardly. In
excusably cowardly, to suffer the trans
mission to our posterity of a great na
tional debt, to rest as a blight upon
them and their Industries. Why should
we transmit to another generation tho
obligations growing out of this war
and the duties Imposed by It?
No, Mr. President, the great masses
of the people desire to pay as they go.
They are willing to pay their Just por
tion of taxes, and they do not want
this government at the end of the war
Indebted one dollar more than it ia
at the present time. But a patriotic
wave Is sweeping over the country; the
people are moved as they have not been
for a third of a century before, and
taking advantage of it the infamous
money power of the United States and
Europe is endeavoring to foist upon
the people a perpetual national debt. I
say "Infamous," because It Is Infamous
and because it Is destructive of hu
man liberty nnd Its mission is to de
stroy liberty. There is not cne of that
power, sir, who would not see this
government sink to the bottom of tho
ocean If he could make a fortune by
it. There Is not an Impulsrtj of patriot
ism, not a feeling of affection for the
government among them. The govern
ment is to them simply a carcass upon
which they are tc feed and fatten.
Mr. President, who has pointed out a
necessity for the Issuance of bonds, and
who can point out the necessity for
It? We may go through the legerde
main of politics which Is exhibited here
so frequently, pointing to the difference
between gold and sliver and paper
money where there is in fact np dif
ference. We may try to blind the eyes
of the people by a process of pettifog
ging, but it will not succeed. There Is
no cause for the Issuance of Interest
bearing obligations, and the people are
not so blind but that they will sea
the Iniquity of an Issuance if it takes
place. The senator from Iowa (Mr.
Allison) said In his opening statement
a few days ago that this bill as drafted
by the senate finance committee would
give a net increase of J152.481.30G
The secretary of the treasury and
Mr. Dlngley of Dlngley bill notoriety
tell us that the war would cost about
J300.000.000 In addition to the ordinary
revenues of the government, unless tho
deficit of sixty-odd millions under the
Dlngley tariff act is to be covered up
by the bill. One hundred and fifty
two million four bundled nnd eighty
one thousand three hundred and six
dollars extra revenue by taxation can
be delivered from this measure. Add
to that the money in the treasury this
morning, amounting to J205.273.976 26,
and there will be a total with which
to conduct the war of J357.735.2S2 26, or
J57.755 2S2 26 more than Is necessary To
this, Mr President, we can add forty
two millions by the coinage of the silver
seigniorage In the treasury. We can,
by re-enacting the Income-tax provi
sions of the tariff act of August. IS94,
increase the revenues forty millions
more, and by the issuance of J150.000.
000 greenbacks can make the grand
total of extraordinary revenue for the
year J5S9.7S2.2S2 26. or J2S9.735.2S2 26 more
than Is necessary to conduct the war
10 a successful termination.
Now, under such circumstances can
any gentleman Jtisiifv himself In voting
to give the secret.uy of the treasury
power to Issue bonds? And It Is signi
ficant with what seeming cunning tho
author of this bill has distinguished be
tween bonds and certificates of Indebt
edness. They each bear Interest at
the rate of 3 per cent They are the
obligations of the government and must
be paid by taxes levied fiom the peo.
pie. If there is anj gentleman In this
chamber who can point out a legal
distinction between a government bond
otaring i per cent Interest and a certi
ficate of Indebtedness bparing a like
interest. I would be pleased to stop now
and have him do it
No, Mr. President, there Is no dis
tinction. An obligation which can be
enforced, whether we call it a bond,
a note, a check n note onsKelng.eUmilll
a note, a check, or an ordinary contract
or a certificate of indebtedness, has
the same legal force If the terms of
Instrument carry with it the same obli
gation, and you can not deceive the
American people bj eayine that J300,
000.000 is to be bonds and $100,000 000 is
to be certificates of indebtedness. Ba
honest with them, gentlemen Do net
try to secrete the truth from them.
Tell them that you mean to Impose on
them Interest-bearing obligations to
the amount of J400 000,000 In addition to
the thousand millions they are carry
ing now,
(Continued next week.)
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