THE HERALD.
T.J.O'KEEFE, Publlshor.
11EMINGK0RD, - NEBRASKA
A BEAUTIFUL VOICE.
It Id often said that the American
Voice Is tliu least musical known to
clvllizutlun. Americana thomtielves no
tice It on returning home after a threa
months' sojourn In Europe, where a
coarse, harsh voice Is almost unknown
anionic refined people. Mrs. Louise
Chandler Moulton, who spends half of
every year In Englnnd, once said: "It
takes fully a month to become accus
tomed to the nasal, harsh American
voice when I come home. There are two
young women among my friends whoso
coming 1 should greet with rapture if
only for their sweet, low, musical
Voices, full of modulation and varied
Intonations." And, as overy one knows,
Mrs. Moutton's social circle contains
all that 1b most highly cultivated In
Boston life.
Surely we are clever enough to chango
all thut If wo try. Let mothers think of
their own voices and cultivate them
Into low, soft tones In speuking, and
Bee to It that the children's voices are
not rendered raucous and nasal by
screaming, and let teachers stop their
pernicious hnblt of forcing little pupils
to read and recite at tho utmost ca
pacity of their lungs, and In a gener
ation tho "American voice" will huvo
become civilized.
Apropos of which topic nn Interest
ing little story Is told by a young wo
man who, as a school girl, lavished
boundless adoration upon beautiful
Mary Anderson, and one day ventured
to call upon the famous actress with
another girl adorer.
Miss Anderson was lovely to them
and they had nn "Interview" that would
havo enraptured the soul of a Journal
ist. She told them about her favorlto
books when a child, her dolls' theatri
cals In which Bhe played tho entire
cnBt, and tho more ambitious plays
Bhared by her schoolmates. "One day
my dolls were doing "Romeo nnd Juli
et,' sho said, "when my mother brought
a visitor Into the room. I went on with
my piny In n whisper and the visitor
laughed and said: 'What tiny voices
your actors have, little Mary?' I replied
with much dignity: 'Well, their lungs
aren't developed yet, you see, and If
they made their voices loud they'd spoil
them!'" Possibly the very early per
ception of that truth explains her won
derful rich and musical voice, a volco of
rare charm.
She told them also of her delight In
one particular room In the Boston Art
museum In which she passed as many
delighted half hours as could be stolen
from duty and her art. It was tho
Lawrence room, nnd even now those
echool girls no longer school girls nlnst
never go Into tho art museum without
giving a flying moment to "Mary An-dcr-on'B
favorite room." The beautiful
carved wainscoting, with Its story of
the prodigal son, the massive marriage
chest of the Jlftcenth and sixteenth
centuries, the exquisite Boule cabinet
of red and gold, the nnclent armor on
the walls, all have a deeper and moro
Ideal Interest from tho fact that tho
lovely eyes of the loveliest woman that
the American stage has ever known
rested upon them with lingering ad
miration. Equal to tho Occasion.
Bhe was a woman about 40 years of
age, nnd there was a dignity In her
mien as Bhe boarded a Btreet car with
a bundle in her hand. "When she had
carefully placed It on the seat every
passenger fnslcned his eyes upon It,
and each one began speculating as to
the contents. In the course of live min
utes all had mado out that It was a
bird cage Instead of a dry goods pur
chase; then further speculation wns en
tered Into as to the contents of tho
cage. But for a little old man In the
car who had been deeply Interested In
reading the various signs previous to
tho advent of the bird cage, the con
tentB of that cage would have remained
a mystery to this day. Opportunity
Boon offered to get a Beat beside the
woman, and as he dropped Into It ho
said:
"Madam, hod I encountered you on
the sidewalk I should have told you
what you probably do not know that
the motion of a street car always gives
a canary bird seasickness."
She looked at htm In an ley sort of
way, and did not recognize his exist
ence; but after a minute ho continued:
"It may be a mocking bird, but I
should Judge that the results would bo
the same."
This time she did not turn her head,
but gazed blnnkly across the car. Some
of the passengers thought the old man
would haul oft with this, but he didn't.
Laying his hand on the cage, he said:
"I once took a parrot on the street
car for twa mllea, and when I got off
he was dumb as an oyster. He lived
for thirteen years after that, but alas!
he never spoke again. If this Is a
parrot, ma'am, and he never wags his
tongue after this trip, don't blame me."
The woman turned on him as If to
crush him with a word, but the giggles
and grins of the passengers checked
her:
"People don't carry roosters about In
bird cages," continued the old man as
If speaking to himself, "nnd I never
heard of any one taking home clams
or oysters In that way. Madam, if
this is a nightingale, now If you are
transporting a nightingale to some
other"
In his earnestness he made a gesture
which knocked the wrapped up cage to
the floor; and as It rolled around the
paper fell off, the door came open, and
& black cat darted out with a hiss and
a squall. With one bound she was at
the door and with a second she went
over the conductor's shoulder and land
ed In the street. Some of the passen
gers went "ha, hn, ha," while all but
the woman rose up to look. When the
cat had reached the sldewnlk and hnd
whisked up a stairway, the little old
man picked up the cage and moved
for the door saying:
"Mndam, let us appreciate the situa
tion and get out of this."
He led the way nnd she followed. She
was erect at d calm nnd haughty. As
they reached the pavement he handed
ever the cage, but she dug her left el
bow Into his ribs, passed Into the crowd
on the sldewnlk and was seen no more.
The schoolma'ams of Greater Vow
York took It for granted that Mayor
Van Wyck, a bachelor, was "just too
lovely for anything." But wh?n n
delegation of them called on his honor.
and after relating their grievances were
told "Now. get out, bo I can nttend tr
other business," they unanimously
agreed that he Is "a mean, heartless
man." So, there.
Themlsocles' crave has been discov
ered by a Greek named Drngntsis on
Cape Krakarl. Its authenticity, how
ever. Is not beyond doubt, though the
place where It wns found fits In with
the description of Plutarch and Dlo
dorus SIcuIub.
MR. M'KINLEY'S WEAKNESS
WEIGHED AND FOUND WANT
ING. His Moosnpro Shows that HoloUt
torly Inonpnblo of Appreciating
tho Situation I hnt Appeals So
Forcibly to tho Amorlcan Patriot.
(Metcalf In tho World-Herald.)
The president's message was a Berlous
disappointment to those who have
clung to the hope that Mr, McICInlcy
would bo equal to the emergency by
which ho was confronted. The World
Herald has been slow to criticise Mr.
McKlnley In the matter of our Spanish
relations, but the messngo of yester
day calls for the most severe criticism.
No American president In recent his
tory had such an opportunity as was
afforded by Mr. McKlnley, but when
he was weighed In the balance ho was
found wanting. The message shows on
Us face that Mr. McKlnley Is either
utterly Incnpnblo of appreciating tho
situation thnt appeals so forcibly to
tho American patriot or that he Is de
liberately trying to tnke this nation
down to the level thnt haB been staked
out by tho mercennry nnd unpatriotic
men who comprise tho president's
kitchen cabinet.
Sifted down, tho messnge enn be ac
cepted us nothing more nor less than
a plea for more time In which Spain
may accomplish Its designs ngalnst
liberty. Mr. McKlnley asks the congress
to authorize the president to take
measures to secure a full and com
plete termination of hostilities between
the government of Spain and the peo
ple of Cuba, and to secure In the Island
the establishment of a stable govern
ment capable of maintaining order. In
short, this Is a request thnt congress
shall turn this entire mntter over to
the administration. It Is dlfllcult to
understand why the president should
expect such a request to be complied
with. His message of yesterday afford
ed the conclusive demonstration that
Mr. McKlnley Is either Incapable or un
willing to deal properly and effectively
with the situation. It Is unnecessary to
recount tho many evidences of either
Inability or unwillingness on Mr. Mc
Klnley's part. They are too fresh In
the public mind to need citation nt this
time. The president who will give rea
son for the Impression that his mid
night advisers are such men as Elkins,
Hanna and McCook ennnot reasonably
expect that congress or the people shall
give renewed evidence of their confi
dence. On Wednesday last, when It was an
nounced that the message hnd been
postponed, it was given out that the
postponement was due to the fear that
the delivery of the message would
cause the r.mssnrre nf Amortmn Htu
rens In Cuba. Republican newspapers
and k-ackMn who huu cnumpiuiieu tu
ba's cause accepted this ns nn nssur
nnce thut the message wouhl he nil
thnt could be asked for. But tho mes
sage sunt to congress yesieuluy would
not have caused a massacre unless tho
Spaniards were Impelled to commit
more murder because of the reussur
anco which their unholy cause must
have obtained from that pitiable doc
ument. Mr. McKlnley gives an accurato
and Interesting historical nccount of
Cuban nffnlrs and that statement Itself
affords a most thorough condemnation
of the course outlined by Mr. McKln
ley. He graphically pictures the policy
of devastation and concentration Inau
gurated and persistently adhered to by
the Spanish government, nnd he nd
mlts that nt least 1G0.000 people have
been starved Into eternity by this bru
tal polllcy. He cites his messnge of
December last, where ho said of Spain's
policy: "It Is not civilized warfare, It
Is extermination. The only peace It
can beget Is that of the wilderness and
the grave." He quotes from the last
annual message of his predecessor to
show the brutality of Spanish warfare;
and yet he oncludes that It Is the duty
of tho Amerlcnn congress to deliver tho
task of Bolvlng this problem into the
hands of a president who haB had every
opportunity to solve It successfully and
yet who has made an eggregrlous fail
ure. He speaks of "the war In Cuba,"
and yet he objects to granting the Cu
bans belligerent rights. He acknowl
edges thnt Spain has lost control of the
Island, and yet he obJectB to the formal
recognition by this nation of the exist
ence of a state of war. His objection
to belligerency Is that "It could ac
complish nothing toward the Instant
pacification of Ctiba and the cessation
of hostilities." He objects to the rec
ognition of the Cuban Independence on
the ground that the Cubans do not pos
sess a "government In substnnce as well
as In name, possessed of the elements of
stability." Mr. McKlnley ought to
know, does know, and his message
contains practical admission of the fact
that If the United States had done Its
duty and granted belligerent rights to
the Cubans, they would long ago havo
driven the Spaniards from the island
and would have established a govern
ment "In substance as well as In name."
But Mr. McKlnley does not propose
to help the Cubans or the Cuban cause.
The spirit that has taken such firm hold
on the great heart of the American
people does not nppear to have found a
lodging place In the breast of the Amer
ican president. Everything that would
help the Cubans, everything that would
establish without question nnd beyond
doubt the liberty for which tho peoplo
of that Island have struggled so pa
tiently nnd so vigorously all this la
Bet nslde by Mr. McKlnley, and he pro
poses that the president be authorized
to simply Intervene. To Intervene for
what purpose? For tho purpose of aid
ing the champions of liberty In driving
their oppressors from the Island? Not
by any menns. For the purpose of
supplanting tyranny with liberty on
one of the richest portions of American
soil? Not In tho lenst. He proposes
that the president shall be authorized
to Intervene nnd put a stop to the
hostilities In the island of Cuba. A hint
nt his ultimate purpose may be ob
tained from his quotation from a mes
Bage by President Jnckson on the ques
tion of the recognition of Texas, which,
by the wny. presented nn altogether
different situation from that Involved
In the Cuban nffalr. This hint may be
obtained from that paragraph where
tho duty of the United States was sug
gested to be to "eventually recognize
the authority of the prevailing party
without reference to our particular In
terests and views, or to the merits of
the original controversy." In other
words, Mr. McKlnley would Intervene
and restrain the Cubans In their strug
gle for liberty ns well as to restrain
the Spaniards. It does not require a
diagram to Indicate what the result of
such a policy would be. Spain might
well afford to have Its pride humbled
for a brief period If the army and the
navy of the United States could be em
ployed to check the oppressed Cubans
In their fight against their oppressors.
If ut this time the Cubans liavo not
a government "sufllclent In substance"
for this nation to recognize, how can
It be expected that when they had been
forced to abandon their campaign
against the oppressors they will bo
able to make that government moro
substantial thin It Is now?
With the Cuban guns silenced and
the Cuban swords sheathed, Mark Han
na and Stephen B. Elkins would have
little difficulty In convincing the presi
dent that the "prevailing party" wa3
represented by the utsussms of 2CS
Amerlcnn sailors.
Mr. McKlnley makes the mistake of
endeavoring to divide the responsibility
for Cuban horrors betweca the Insur
gents nnd the Spaniards. As a matter
of fnct the number of killed and wound
ed In actual engagement between the
contending forces has been Insignifi
cant. It Is the Spanish government and
Its ofllccrs, and that element alone,
that Is responsible for the brutalities
represented by tho death by starvation
of hundreds of thousands of people on
the Island of Cuba.
The American people are confronted
by a situation that permits of no strad
dle. On tho one Bide is a government
whoso history Is marked by a trail of
Innocent blood; whose representatives
put the unspeakable Turk to blush by
their inhuman methods; whose agents
destroyed an American battleship and
Bent to untimely death 2C6 American
Bailors. That government Is engaged
In a crusade ngalnst the cause of lib
erty, and the brutality of Its campaign
lias Bhocked the civilized world.
On the other aide Is a band of peoplel
that has made the most remarkable
struggle for freedom known to the his
tory of the world. Under the greatest
disadvantages they have made tho
most remarkable fight, produced some
of the greatest military leaders and
demonstrated the most splendid devo
tion to the cause of liberty that has
ever been told In song or Btory. What
they havo accomplished has been done
without aid or assltancc from what we
have been proud to term "the greatest
nation on earth." We have denied
them even the most ordinary recogni
tion to which they are entitled. We
have spent thousands of dollars In em
barrassing them nnd In aiding their
oppressors In the accomplishment of
their brutal purpose. When Secretary
Olney, In his letter on the Venezuelan
question, said, "On American soil tho
United States Is practically the sov
ereign, and Its flat Is the law," wo
applauded that sentiment to the echo.
And yet we have remained lnactlvo
while the must brutal nation known to
the world's history has devastated a
rich section of American soil and starv
ed to death the Inhabitants of Amer
ican territory. Now that the Cuban
patriots have whipped their tormentors
almost to tho finish, when the brutality
of those tormentors has been turned
upon the cltlzcnH and the ships of tho
United States, the chief magistrate of
this nation proposes that he be given
authority to Intervene, not In the cuuso
of liberty, but for the purpose of call
ing a halt to hostilities a policy that
can have only the result of operating
to Spanish advantage.
Mr. McKlnley will hear from tho
American people on this subject. That
people have become weary of hypoc
risy. They have become weary of hear
lng of the "friendly relations" existing
between Spain and the United States.
Such a relation docs not exist, so far
as Spain Is concerned, and, thank God,
the United States Is free from such
an accusation.
The Amerlcnn people demnnd that
Cuba shall be free. They do not pro
pose to sanction any policy that will
give the slightest ndvantnge to tho
Spanish assassin, or place the slightest
disadvantage upon the Cuban patriot.
They want armed Intervention, but
they want to give it to the Cubans ns
France gave It to the American colo
nies. They are ready to surrender life
and money to the cause of liberty; and
when the American navy and army nre
sent to participate In that struggle, the
peoplo of this country want it distinct
ly understood that they nre on the Bide
of God and humanity; that thpy aro
on the side of the men who nre fighting
for the liberties which we enjoy, and
that our guns are leveled and our
Bwords pointed squarely In the direction
of tho nssapslns of the Maine's sailors.
The American nation has too long
delayed the discharge of Its duty. The
people of this country with practical
unanimity demnnd that the army and
navy of the United States shall be em
ployed to tear the Spanish rag from
Morro castle nnd Bupplant It with Cu
ba's banner of liberty. This nation Is
now confronted with a duty. Men who
believe In a God of Nations cannot hope
that this great republic will prosper It
it falls to carry out the God-assigned
task of helping the Cuban patriots to
the liberty which they have earned by
their sacrifices and In driving the Span
ish monster from tho American conti
nent. m
Booauso They Were Asses.
(Tho following fable Is from a late
work on social reform entitled "Even
as You and I," by M. Bolton Hall.)
The monkeys, being as lazy as you
and I, began to ride the donkeys. A
big monkey would ride In front of the
herd; this he called "being their leader,"
although, since the donkeys were strong
he had In the end to go the way the
donkeys wished.
Sometimes the donkeys kicked. Then
the monkeys called them "anarchists."
Tho monkeys grew so fat and heavy
that the asses had no strength remain
ing to get their own food.
They began to complain and to seek
for causes and cures. A sweet girl mon
key said: "I will take them some flow
ers to allay their discontent we will
establish a flower mission." The mon
keys subscribed liberally.
A dear little monkey added: "I will
hold a charity fair, which will raise
enough from the benevolent apes to
Bend some of tho young asses' colts to
the fields for a week." The monkeys
called that "enlightened charity." A
long-eared monkey cried: "No. preach
temperance; these beasts of asses drink
so much that they have no time to eat
and nothing to eat in the time If they
had It." The monkeys restricted tho
sale of drink to nsses.
A big ass said: "What we need Is a
high wall around bo as to keep out
pauper hay then the monkeys will give
us employment cultivating hay fields
and pay us with some of the hny." Tho
monkeys made a wall bo close that the
asses could not see through It. Said a
small donkey: "We need cheaper money
bo that we can buy some leisure time
from the monkeys who make the mon
ey." The monkeys did not like this
they were only monkeys.
"Now," said an ecclesiastical ass,
"sin Is at the bottom of all this. These
monkeys are on top of you because
your hearts are corrupt." So he preach
ed to the monkeys about the depravity
of the donkeys.
"I have discovered," paid a mule,
"that It Is because lower class animals
are lazy too lazy to graze thnt all this
want and suffering exists." (The mon
keyt made that mule a professor.)
Still the asses kicked.
"Have we not done all that we could
for you?" said the monkeys. "What
you teally need Is a strong government
to provide formidable arms for us and
to Insure the stability of the social or
der." Then the nsses voted additional
appropriations for all these things and
many enlisted In the national guard.
The monkeys had the spending of the
tnoney.
COUNT TOLSTOY.
(The Gentleman Farmer.)
The story of how Tolstoy became, by
degrees. Imbued with socialistic or com
munlBttc Ideas, necessitating, for the
Bake of consistency, his leaving the
army In which he was an officer, has
been often told, but few people have
had the opportunity to hear from
Tolstoy's own lips uny suggestion as
to how he would work out the details
In his model social paradise. Neither is
It well understood just what Is the atti
tude of the present government in
Hussla towards Tolstoy. As to the lat
ter, I think the common feeling regard
ing him, In Russia at least the ex
pressed feeling Is that ho Is a harm
less enthusiast, whose Ideas are chim
erical and hence not worth any very
eerlouB consideration. True, certain of
his works have been proscribed by the
censors of Russia, but It Is a very for
tunate Russian author who has never
had the black brush of the censor
drawn over at least some portion of
his work.
Tolstoy has had some publications
suppressed, but others, In the original
Russian, are sold In great numbers.
Not only that, but at the exposition in
Nljnl Novgorod I have been bronze
buBts of "Graf Tolstoy" for sale, stand
ing on the same shelf with like bronzes
of the czar and leading men of the
empire. The Russians recognize Tol
Btoy's literary ability but In general
think little of his political opinions or
social schemes. If you speak of an in
tention of visiting him you arc only
smiled at though you may be asked
why you want to see him. That ever
lasting "why" Is asked of the. traveler
continually, but It Is simply used to
Inquire why we want to know why.
Once I was standing by a railroad
train when a young man whose ac
quaintance I hnd made, spelled out
from an Iron plate on the side of a
car "Vestlnghouse." I at once said,
"That Is an American name und this
car Is doubtless equipped with a West
house air brake." Investigation showed
that to be the case, and 1 gave such
Information as I could as to the use
of that wonderful Invention. I am sure,
however, that my auditor was much
more Impressed with the fact that I
knew something about machinery than
with the wonders of the air brake, for
when I was through he asked, "Why do
you learn about those things?" He
could not understand the reason for
one's troubling himself about such mat
ters unless he was to be a machinist.
The average American Is usually con
sidered to be "clever" by Europeans,
because he Is apt to be a well-informed
man, even on subjects not directly con
nected with his vocation. For that rea
son, perhaps, they expect Americans
to exhibit an Interest in Tolstoy. Never
theless we have much amusement and
seme irritating experiences in getting
out to his place from Tula, a dlstanco
of fifteen versts or about ten miles.
We made a fair and square contract,
after the usual vast amount of parley
ing and fussing with the Droschky
drivers, for a drive regarding the exact
direction of which they were not in
formed. When we ordered them to drive
out to "Graf Tolstoy'B," there was
mutiny.
It was far away, they could not
possibly go out into the country so far
for the miserly amount they had agreed
to accept as compensation. There were
a hundred reasons ready, plausible and
satisfying to the Eswascheks. But
they would not go with us, and we
calmly took our baggage In our hands,
alighted from the vehicles, paid them
for the time they had put In and told
them to go back. This brought them
to time and we again started on our
way, this time with an understanding
as to whither we were bound.
The contour of this portion of Russia
Is almost exactly like that of our own
great west, but for the buildings and
Improvements and some considerable
forests one would not know but that
he were in Illinois or Nebraska,
Isnaya Polyana Is the old ancestral
home of the Tolstoys, where the fam
ily, following the common custom of
the Russian landowners, spend their
summers. A delightful drive brought
us, In a comparatively short time, to
the entrance of the grounds, a gateway
of the olden design, beautiful to see.
We saw no one at the porter's lodge,
or houso standing by the gateway, and,
hearing voices, we drove in.
Nearer approach to the voices soon
enabled us to make out that the words
being called out were n tennis score, In
English, and a turn In the roadway
brought us In sight of a game In full
play. A large, fine-looking gentleman,
who seemed an onlooker, came toward
us, addressing us In English and asking
our wishes. He at once Introduced him
self as Mr. Chertkoff, a follower of Tol
stoy's, and who lives In the vicinity.
Mr. Chertkoff proved a most Intertaln
lng talker, and we had much converse
with him as to Tolstoy's Ideas upon the
question of universal Kbor, socialism
and other subjects.
We had not known whether we would
find Tolstoy at home, neither did wo
know whether he spoke English, but
our questions were both answered In
the affirmative very quickly by Mr.
Chertkoff.
While we waited we seated ourselves
on seats about a table under some
of tho beautiful birches in the yard,
under vhlch Tolstoy was sitting. As
we sat talking a serving man came out
with a pitcher of quass and some bread
and sliced meats, Miss Tolstoy accom
panying him and urging us to partake.
When I asked her how It happened
that she spoke so good English, Miss
Tolstoy made the same reply that one
continually hears made to the same
question In Russia. She had an Eng
lish nurse and learned her English as
she did her Russian. It Is nature's
way to learn a language surely.
When we were ushered Into the pres
ence of Tolstoy, as we were within a
few minutes, we found him half reclin
ing upon a couch, but alert and ready
to engage In conversation. Hl3 English
la good, but comes to Ills tongue a
little slowly. But for that, one would
be at a disadvantage, for he Is won
derfully gifted as a querist, and if one
wants to play an even game he must
be ready to end each reply with a
question.
The first question he asked each of us
was, "What do you do? In what are
you interested?" With this question an
Bwered Tolstoy was able to begin at
once asking for information that he
supposed each to be able to furnish.
The condition of American agricultur
ists Interested him much, and he was
very desirous of knowing whether any
communistic venture had ever suc
ceeded here. He Bald that In some por
tions of Russia the "Artels" were be
ing successfully conducted and he be
lieves that they will become common
and do much to solve the labor ques
tion. The members of these "Artels"
hold property In common, and work In
unison. I was not able to give any
great encouragement, based on the out
come of communistic or socialistic ex
periments in America, but Tolstoy sug
gested that the newness of our country
might be a sufficient reason for our
not standing in need, as yet, of such
organizations.
His comments upon railroads and
their effect upon the country were very
Interesting. He asked, "Do you think
that the railroads have, upon the whole,
been of any real help to the country?"
I replied that In the west, where my
home was, I could hardly imaglno
how Bcttltnent could have been carried
on successfully, or transportation been
accomplished, without their help, call
ing attention to the fnct that In much
of the new and remote west the rail
roads actually preiJded battlement,
seeming to mnkc It possible.
Tolstoy, however, felt that the rail
roads were, to some extant nt least,
responsible for the dlssatlofled and un
settled condition of many of the peo
pie, having filled them with a desire for
movement and new scenes. I asked If
he did not consider these desirable con
ditions, and necessarily precedent to
the awakening which must come before
the peasantry can become In anv sense
educated or elevated. But his reply
was that they should not be given any
additional reasons for discontent
enought existed before, and more than
enough.
I observed that as Tolstoy became
animated and particularly Interested
he had to hesitate frequently, evidently
searching about In his Inner conscious
ness for the right work, for while
speaking English with precision and
ease It Is by no means as familiar to
him as his mother tongue.
Tolstoy's estimates of some Ameri
cans were Instructive, and I was espe
cially Interested to know that he con
sidered Henry George to be tho best
living type of ah American. Ho con
sidered Mr. George's Ideas to be tho
best and nearest his own of any that
have been recorded In America. It was
my Intention to call upon Mr. George
with this message from Tolstoy, and
while on a visit to New York during
the campaign of the summer of 1897
the opportunity seemed to have come.
But I thought I would be there again
soon, as I had been a number of times
before since my visit to Russia in the
Bummer of 1896, and so I again delayed
making the call. Thus passed the last
opportunity, for within a week came
the sad news of the sudden and un.
timely death of Mr. George.
While visiting the Pan Russian expo
sition at Nljnl Novgorod, shortly after
my visit to Tolstoy, I noticed posters
which anounced, as nearly as I could
make out, the production of a dramati
zation of Tolstoy's "Anna Karenlna,"
Inquiry elicited the Information that
my guess was right, and I arranged to
go, In company with some friends who
spoke Russian.
It was Interesting to note the en
trance of the various characters and to
hazard a guess as to who was repre
sented by each. The play was in Rus
sian, though very frequently one hears
French used In their theaters. It was
eaBy to follow the play clear through
to the awful death of Anna, and the
audience, though small, was very ap
preciative of good acting, applauding
any specially fine features most heart
ily. Tolstoy's garb Is frequently com
mented upon, but there seems nothing
particularly forced or unusual In it as
you meet him. There Is an undoubted
dignity about his personality that
makes any observations on his clothing
seem small nnd petty.
One underlying principle of Tolstoy's
belief Is that every man, woman or
child should labor with their own hands
a sufficient portion of the time to supply
their own bodily wants. Mr. Cherkoff,
In commenting upon this phase of his
master's belief after we had left Tol
stoy, said: "Why should I, for In
stance, choose for my own vocation,
say medicine, with the avowed purpose
of being, In a sense, an aristocrat? I
thus deliberately plan to lead such a
life as will compel some one or more
people to attend to all my petty physi
cal wants. I compel them to black my
shoes, prepare my food, and deprive
them of about all their opportunities
for growth and advancement."
To the question, "But what of medi
cine shall every one practice empiric
ally upon himself?" he replied: "Well,
If the people want one set aside for
such work, they may say so. No one
has the right to set himself aside, sel
fishly as for his own comfort, In a
way that will give him an easier way in
life, from any standpoint."
A summing up of Tolstoy and his
many relationships In literature and
pno'oinTry poems Impossible In this con
nection. He is virile, strong, earnest
o i'-r' - a way that has
been equalled by few men In modern
times, lie nun nut only appealed to the
rrpnt riihin the world, but has In a re
markable degree won for himself a re
ui heurlng, though he has pre
' many BubJc-' n entirely new
lights. F. W. TAYLOR.
University of Nebraska.
LABOR NOTES.
Ithaca Is to have a co-operative glass
factory.
One firm in Sweden makes 21,000,000
candles yearly.
The Massachusetts electric lines aro
going Into the express business.
Massachusetts textile mills produce
$200,000,000 worth of goods a year.
At Huntsvllle, Ala., It Is proposed to
build a factory to make wooden arti
cles used by cotton mills.
A ten-hour day for railroad em
ployes will be secured by a bill before
the Massachusetts legislature.
Laboring men have 312 working d""s
a year in Hungary 308 in the United
States, 278 in England and 267 In Rus
sia. There are 30,000 unionists In Japan,
two-thirds of them added during the
last year. The Japs catch onto the ben
efits of organization early.
Coal mined by convicts Is used by two
Alabama Iron works and Great Brit
ain will exclude this Iron under a law
barring convict products.
The new $600,000 cotton mill at Vron
flale, Ala., will start up within the nexc
few days. It will employ COO hands
and consume 12,000 bales of cotton an
nually. Two thousand two hundred acres of
cedar timber are cut down every year
In order to make wood cases for lead
pencils, of which more than 2,000 acres
are In Florida.
Alaskan demand has caused dealers
in evaporated fruit and vegetables at
Portland, Ore., to double their plants
and the number of their employes.
The seven years' struggle between
the Brunswick-Bnlke Collender com
pany of Chicago nnd the woodworkers'
union ended by the former signing an
agreement to hereafter employ union
men only.
Japanese matches threaten to drive
out the Swedish. The exportation,
which wns 9.000 gross of boxes In 18S1,
rose to 9,000,000 gross In 1892 and 18.
000,000 gross In 1896. The price per
case of 7,200 boxes is $16.50. Japan now
supplies China and India, and Is work
ing its way into the British market.
Princess Pauline of Wurtemberg de
clines to marry Prince Max of Baden
and electa to become the fiancee of
Prince Albert, son of Princess Christian.
Albert is half English and a very well
set up and well behaved lad, while
everybody in Europe knows how bad
the Baden boys ore.
FARM FACTS.
DAIRY DOINGS.
A great Improvement on the mnss ol
butter sold to the grocers could be ef
fected If some good butter coloring was
used Intelligently and the butter put up
neatly In pound prints, each print
wrapped carefully In parchment paper.
Butter pnrchment Is much neater and
more economical thun cloths and should
be used to a greater extent by the west
ern butter makers.
In visiting the numerous butter stores
and ladlerB I find that butter made by
the average farmer comes on the mar
ket In a very unsatisfactory condition,
qunllty, color, salt and general texture
considered, it Is no wonder that some
housewives and the boarding house
keepers use olea, which, as a rule, has
an even color, and neat, attractive ap
pearance. I have seen milk palls and cans wash
ed with a rag that would make a horse
Bnort If it got within a rod of his deli
cate nose. I sometimes think the sense
of smell Is rather dull In most people. I
was In a butter buyer's cellar In a town
not far from here last season beforo
the heat of the summer wbb quite over.
A man brought In a tub of butter. "Six
cents Is all I can give you; It Is hot
weather," said the buyer. "Some of it
was churned yesterday, and all of It
is new. I will take it home and use it
for wagon grease before I'll take
cents," said the man. I thought, after
tasting It, maybe that would be a good
plan. Maybe It wouldn't hurt the
wagon.
Judges Hancey, Bretnno and Chctlaln
handed down a decision which, In effect,
knocks out the butterlne law passed by
the last Illinois legislature. The Judges,
sitting en banc, decided that manufac
turers have a constitutional right to
color butterlne or oleomargarine yel
low or Imitation. Under the terms of
the law this Is prohibited. The law was
enacted through the Influence of tho
country members.
COWS, CALVES AND CATTLR
Cattlemen of southern New Mexico
report a good half crop even this early
in the season and all speak as being
confident of the heaviest crop this year
of any In several years past.
The situation of cattle In Southern
California Is said to be becoming Berl
ous. A large number have already per
ished from starvation, and it is estimat
ed that thousands will suffer the same
fate before the spring Is over. Tho
trouble results from constant drouth
and sharp frosts.
When calves are quite young they
should be fed three times dally; when
older twice dally will suffice. The quan
tity of milk and meal fed to tho animal
should be governed largely by Its effect
upon the bowels. If overfed the bowels
will be too loose; If underfed the calf
will not grow as rapidly as desired; it
should not become fat. It is too ex
pensive to raise dairy calves on new
milk; therefore, skim milk or whey
should be used and supplemented with
other cheap foods.
A cow may give six per cent milk and
yet not be a profitable cow. Profit will
depend on both quantity and quality.
The milk will increase in per cent of
butter fat as tho period of lactation
lengthens, but does not vary from year
to year. So one would not expect a
heifer to Improve In quality as she
grows older. The per cent of butter fat
may be changed slightly by feed, but
probably only for a day or two. The
percentage of butter fat will vary from
day to day from a number of causes,
so do not depend on one test.
WHAT WEARS OUT THE MEADOW.
The majority of stockmen do not stop
to consider what Is the use of green
leaves to a plant. Unless you allow our
grasses to spread their leaves In the
air and sunlight for at least a part of
the growing season, they will fall to
store up nourishment in their under
ground portions and will gradually
starve to death. If we allow the chlo
rophyl enough time to build up a thrif
ty growth of stems and leaves, the
Bubterranean portions will have been
bo well developed and so well supplied
with hoarded stores of nourishment
that we can remove the leaves without
serious Injury to the plant. This ac
counts for the thrift of our meadows.
If we were to mow a prairie meadow
once every week Instead of once a year,
we would soon kill every spear of grass
upon that meadow. It Is the constant
nibbling and biting and gnawing of
a grass down to Its very roots that
gradually starves It to death. Only
give It a little rest and sunshine and
Its underground parts will be as vig
orous as ever.
CANTALOUPES GROWN FOR PROflt
The culture of the cantaloupe In the
Arkansas valley Is going to be one of
the prime occupations of that great
section this season. Up to this year
melon growing has been principally
confined to the district lying between
Fowler and La Junta. This section of
the valley is watered by the older Ir
rigating ditches, Tho district is ex
tending and eventually melons will be
grown from Pueblo to the state line.
Last year some very fine specimens
came out of Bent and Prowers counties.
This year, at the least calculation. 625
cars of melons will be grown and al
most the entire output has already been
contracted for. Pueblo will Bhlp 100
cars, Fowler 75 cars, Manzanola 25 cars.
Rocky Ford 150 cars, La Junta 50 cars,
Las Animas 50 cars, Lamar 60 cars.
Holly 25 cars.
HOW AND WHEN TO SPRAY Fruits.
Apple For apple tree tent caterpillar,
apply parls green, first, before buds
open; second, two weeks, later; third,
when the caterpillars appear.
For Bitter Rot Use Bordeaux mix
ture before leaves expand, after fruit
has set, two weeks later again, and
two weeks again after that.
For Canker Worm Use parls green,
when caterpillars first appear; one week
later and again the next week.
For Codling Moth Use parls green
Just after the blossoms fall; again one
week later.
For Scab Use Bordeaux mixture,
when buds are swelling; Just before
buds open, ten days later; ten days
l" -, and once again after another ten
days.
. vc Apple Tree Aphis Use alkaline
wash in early spring; kerosene emul
sion at opening of buds, and the same
two weeks later.
KEEP THESE RECIPES.
Alkaline Wash Dissolve washing so
da in water till no more will dissolve;
add soft soap till It gets as thick as
paint; add carbolic acid enough to give
a strong smell. Apply to tree from
base to the main branches.
Bordeaux Mixture Dissolve 4 ts.
copper sulphate In hot water. Slack
4 lbs. lime and strain through a sack.
Mix strained lime with the copper so
lution; add water until you have 60
gallons.
Kerosene Emulsion Dissolve lb.
soap in one gallon of boiling water. Add
2 gallons of kerosene; stir violently
until It all becomes creamy. For Use
Use one part of mixture to 15 parts of
water. Is good for plant lice or seal
Insects.
Paris Green Paris green 1 lb., lime 1
lb., water 200 gallons. Or London pur
ole 1 lb., lime 1 lb., water 50 gallons.
Y