ri?U3feaufiMhei. iKUw:
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WBDWKWBWlfJOW
peestobnttal'taiiB:.
ANNUAU MESSAGE OF PRESI
. DENT CLEVELAND. v
)rretgn .Affair v,igt;tly Touched Upon
R?ltt't!on of United Stair Willi Otlmr
Nations -A History or tlio Treasury
Dt'mrnUr nnil I'.florU fat .Forth ,to
Remedy It Other Subject Under Dis
cussion, , . , , .
The President' Mesvrtge
Washington, Dec. 5. Tho following
Is tho President's mcssnpo!
To Tnt Coxobjmii op tub United States i
Cl pront assemblage of the legislative
fcraneh of our government occurs itt a Urns
srhon the Interest of our peoplo and tho need
f the country give f pr-clal prominence to tho
onditlon of oar foreign rclatloni and the axl
fenalcs of our national finances. Tnn reports
f tho several administrative department ot
Mia government fully and plainly exhibit wlmt
fens boon oorcmpllshed within the scope of their
cspectlve duties nnd prownt sach rooommend
tlons for Uie betterment of urcountry's con
dition as patriotic and IntelUront labor and
b ervntions suggest,
l therefore d cta my oxecutlvo duty nde
inately performo t nt this time by proienting
to the Cpngrots the Important phases of our
litustlon as relatod to car intercourse -with
Virolca nations, and a statement of tho flnan
slat problems which confront as, omitting,
mccp as they .are related to Ibono topics, any
tr,fef enca to departmental operations.
!, earnestly invite, however, not only the
vsrofill consideration, hut tho soveroly crltlenl
scrutiny of the Congress nnd my fallow conn.
Irrmen to Urn reports concerning these depart
mental operation v It Justly nnd fairly oxam
taed they furnish proof of ossidnnus and
rftltisthkltiB enre for tho publlo Welfare. I
press Jhe recommendations they contain upon
the respectful attention of tlioio charged with
tho dti'y of IffflpiatloTi, bncauso I beliore their
adoption would promote tho people's good,
Missionary Riots In t'lilnn.
Tlio close of the momentous struggl batween
China end Japan. -while relieving the diplo
matic agent of this Government from tlio doll
ate duty they undo took at request of both
ountries of rendering sn h fervid t o su bjo 1 ts
f either belligerent within tlio territory limits
( tho other as our neutral position permitted,
fcvolopcd a domestic condition in tho Ciilnojn
ropho which has cnuso.l mush anxiety nnd
ailed for 'prompt hnd careful attention.
Either an a result of a weak control h . tho con
tral government over ths provincial adminis
trations, following a dlmliiutlon of t 'ftdltlohal
torcraranntnl authority under tho stress of nn
overwhelming national dUfutotvor a manifcta
tlou Upon Kood opportrtaily of tlio amnion of
tho Uiineso popnlatlou to nil forotitn ways nnd
undertaking?, there htivo occurred in widely
separated provinces of China serious outbreaks
f the old fanatic 1 spirit ngaintt torrignejs,
which, unriihpkoi by tlio local nntlm Hies, If
ootnHurilly connived at by tb?m, Iibto ciilirtln
atod in mob attacks oh forpltn missionary
stations, causing much dostru-tion of proper
ty end attended with pei tonal injuries n well
.loft of life. Although tmt ono AmMleart
cltl en was reportel to Iibto bean actually
wounded, and although tho destruction of
property mty have fnllon moro heavily upon
tlio mllimnrtc of other uatlotinU 1b than o
own, It plainlr bchoaviid this government 'o
take tho most ' prompt nnd tlruidod tcticm to
punnlnKalnst similar or perhaps mora dread,
ful cslamitios.
The demands of tho Unltod Slates nnd other
powers for tho deixretlatlon nnd puuiilnnont of
-the roponsible oflieials of tho rojpeotlve cltlos
nd provinos-who by ncclcct or otherwiso ha.1
permitted up-rislnjrs and for the adoption of
stern measures by tho limperor's Roreramont
$ZJT-innA '
5fi"ft7'0& !
Alsnijialot certain urovlnelal olllcluls found
derelict In duty, and tho punishment by death
ef a number ot' thoso found t-uilty ot actual ,
earttcipntlon. in tho outrages. Hits govern.
caent nlsa Insisted that n special American
eommUhloti should A-Isilt tho proviuso Whcro
tho first disturbances occurred for tho purpoto
ef investigation. This latter commission,
formed alter much opposition, ha gono over
land train Tien Tain accompanied by a suitnblo
Chinese escort, nnd by Its demonstration of tho j
teadluets and nullity of our government to prj- '
tect Its cltirons, will act, it Is hollovcd, as n most
tnfiuMstlrd 'irterrcnt ot rny similar outbreaks.
Tho Wnllcr disc. 1
Tho customary cordlnl relations botwecn this
country and Franco havo been undisturbed,
with the exception that a full explanation of
tho treatment ot John L Vnllcr by tho expo.
iitlouary military authorities of fcianco Mill
tcmaios to bo given. Mr. Waller, formerly
United States cowul to Tamatavo, remniued In
iladsgAtoar after his term ot oflice expired
tnd was apparently tucconful in procuiln,
businpss ccuccssions from tho Hovas, of greater
or less voluo. After tho occupation of Tama
Uvo and tho declaration of martial law by the
French, ho was arrested upon various ehurgvs,
among thero, that of communicating military
Information, to tlio nncroy of Franco, wan tried
nd convicted by military tribunal and
entenced to twenty ) ears imprisonment. Fol
lowing the courso justlQod byabuuduut prece
dents, this government demanded from that,
f Franco tho record of tho proceedings of tho
French tribunal, which rcsultod In Mr. Wal
ler's condemnation. This request has
been complied with to the rj.tcnt
et supplying a ropy of the bcnctlcial
record from which appear the constitution and
organization of the Court, tho charges as for
mulated and tho genoral course and result ot
tlio trial and by which it was shown that the
ccutedwas ttiod In open court and waa do
fended by counsel. Hut tlio avidepco adduced
lit support of tho choices, which mm not ro
elvcd by tho French minister of foreign affaus
until (ho first week in October, has thus far
been Withhold. 'the Frtnch gorornmm taking
the gronad that its production in rcsponto to
oirdsmnnd would establish a bad pnvodont.
Tho efforts 6f our ambassador to procure it,
liowevcr, though irapoded by recont changes in
tho French ministry hnvo not been relaxed and
it is confidently expected that eome satisfac
tory so.ution ot tho umttor will shortly bo
reached. Mesnwhllo it appears that Mr. id
ler's conDnemunt has ovorv nllarlation which
the ttato ot his haalthond njl tho other ciicuai
stances of the CQ'o demand or penuit.
Traito CiQpl!t-tlous With Gormany,
Our rolntion wltli tho ttatet of tlu tjerma
omptioarc in toma dipucts typUal of u condi
tion ot things eh)o,yh ro found iu a country
whose production and trado uro similar Iq our
-owiii ilia cJojo rivalry ot conpetiug inauv
-trio,: tha Inlluomo St Uia delusive doctrino
-that the intnnil ilcvo'.opmint of a nation is
prom tted nnd its wralilt Increase I by a policy
which, In undertaking, to rese-ve l's own, mar
kets for tho oxclu ivo vita of 11a v, n producers,
ccssarily obtruct there mlf-s in foreign mar- .
kets and provcuts fros acooss to markots of tho !
world; tue dssira to retain trade in time-worn
ruts, regardless of tha inexorable lawiotncw
cd and rhacgeil conditions of demand nod '
oppt, and our uwahaltlug tardlncai in invlt- 1
in; a frao eachnngo ot commodltloi and by this '
moans imperiling our footing in thaextorual
markets cuturally open to us, havo created a
situation somewhat Injurloui to Amnlcanox
$xrt interest!, not only In Oermanv, where they
are perhaps mo.t tiott cable, but la adjacent
countries. 1
Tho exports affected aro largely American
attle and other food products, tho reason '
assigned for unfavorablo Oiscrlmlnitlon boing
that their consumption Is deleterious to tha
publlo hoalth. This hi all tho in ore irritating
In vietf of the fact that no European Stato ii
as jialous ot the excellence an I wholo-omo-ntes
ot its exported food supplies as tho United
stater nor to easily able un account of Inner
at soondness to guarantee tlue qualm. s.
Nor are these dlfhcultl soonflnodto ou- food
products deslguoJ for oxpartailon, Our eroat
Insurance coiuponie-, for cxmdo having
built up a vat business abroad Hnd investoJ n
largo Hiare of their galas In foreign pouutries.
Incompliance with tho Joo ilia wi onl rovula
vions ths a existing, now find then salvos wltuin
ft narrowing circle of onotous 'and uufoieseen
onditlons, and are confronted by tbe necessity
f retirement from a field 1 hesb made unprofit
able, if Indeed they ato not summarily ex
sailed. s somo of them tiave latclybeoa in
fmssla, ItlsaottObJ forgot 1 op that intn.
MM
naif naltrndAcannotha 6n-Iilel. Its en
root are nltornatlns nad Its movements should
txl honestly reciprocal Without this italraost
oofe'Brily de;eiorat" Into n devl e to ffala
advantago or a contrivance to iccaro bone'lls
W tin only theterahlsnteof icluin. la our
doallnos with ether nations, wo ought ia bo
bprndinndol andsruplouIy fair.
. This should bo our policy as a producing ni
tlon, and It plainly becotnr-s us as a peop.e wh
love trcnnroslty and ths moral x)Ct of na
tional cool faith and reciprocal forbearance.
Those considerations should not, however, con
strain vtsj to submit to unfair Ulcrimlaatlon'
nortotlentlynro,uloj;oln voxatloushindrauces
tothoeii.'o mentof our 1 hire of tho lcultimatc
adrnntnics of proper trade relations. It an
examination of tba situation hikkosIs such
mounrcs 01 our part ns would Involve rstrit
Upna similar to thota from which wo suffor. tlio
way to tuchs)i enue it easy; it should, how
eror, by no mcaru be llshtlr entered upon,
since the neccMlt for tho Inaujuratlon of such
n policy woald be ronrntted by thebsstsontl
mcut of our pooplo, oad becauso it naturally
nnd logically might lead to ajuiopuences of ths
cravestchnractcr.
Tli Behrlng Ben, Matter,
Our relations with droat B-itali, always In
llmate and important, have demanded, dnrlnrr
tii piat year, even a creator shato of consider
ation than Is usual. Several vexatious iues
tioni were left uiidetermlnod by the decision of
the Bohrlntf soa arbitration tribunal. Tlio ap
plication of the principles laid Uofrttbythe
august body lias not been followed by tho re
sults they wore intindad to accomplish) either
b?causa the principles thsmselvcs lacked la
breadth aitddcfinltenssi or becauo thslr exe
cut?n has ben more or lets lnipcrlect, 'Iho
understanding by which the Un ted Statm was
to pay and Great I rltain to recalvo a lump
sum of $i'4,00) in fall arttloment of all Hrltl'h
claim for damacs nrliing from our soisure o(
llrltlsh scaling ves-ali unauthorized under tho
awnid of tho I'arls trllmnal of arbitration was
not confirms I by tho lata Congress, which do
cllnid to make tho necoisarv appropriat on I
am still of tho opinion that this nrrangiraont
was ft judicious and advantageous one for the
government, nnd 1 earn'slly recommend that
it b) again con.Idoroil and smctloncd. If,
iiowovor this does nit meet with tho favor of
Congress, It certainly will hardly dissont front
tho proposition that tho Kovornrucnt is bounil
to every consideration of honor nnd good faith
to provide for the speedy ndjuitmeut of thoto
chilms by arbitration itln only pther alterna
tlvo Atrciaty of arbitration has, thuroforo,
been ngroed upon and Ul bo Immediately laid
before the Banrt t so that, In oiio of tho ran les
sUgg-stol, a dual settlement may be reached
The Venezuela Issue.
It balujj apparent that Ih? boundary dispute
Iwtwtoa tlruat Uri.ain nnd tlio llepuhllo of
Venezuela, conramlng tin limits of HritUk
tiuinca, was nppro.ichlng un nsuie Stago, a
ilotuiltu etiucment of tho interest and policy of
tho UuitnJ Btntos a regards tho controversy
socmod to bo ro tulrod both on its own account
and Ininy of its relations with tho frlondly
iowor directly o ncornod. In July latt. there-
I foio, n dispatch was nddrcssoJ to our nmbaesn
' rlor at London forouininunirntinu to tho llrltlsh
' government In which thu nttitud) of tho Unltod
I bU Oivras fully nnd ditttnctly tct forth. Tho
1 gcnerul cor.nlnsions thero reached nn.l formu
lated nro in substhnca that tho truditionul atid
.k .1 nltl 1 . I. M.I aIIh.. S. ll.t mwnti A wh ... fsta I 1 H-1..
.,M,u..n.m ,wvj m m.i k.nuuvuk wmi (
uiii:,rn u 11 iuiuuiu mvmuiu hi mif iuuiiui
tKiwcr ot its territorial possessions on this contl
netit; that this policy Is as well founded in
priuclplo as it is strongly supported by nu.
morons j-roicdonts, that ua a oontoqutn;o tho
United Sttoi 1j bound to protest against tlio
en argumonl of tl.o nn of Uiitish (iulnca n
dcrigntion ot tho rights and against tho will of
Venezuela ; that, considering the disparity iu
itrength of (J rent llrltiln and Venezuela, the
ton Itorinl dispute botwocn them can bo otudly
RAly !i '
, lion nn.l that tho icort to such arbitration
1 should inctudo tin wholo control my nnd is
uot.atl lied itouo of tha powers oouccrnoJ la
rormlttfd to draw an arbitrary lino through tho
territory in debate and to declare that it will
submit to ntbltmtlon only Iho portion lyin on
". opt. Ititlo. ot tboio conclusions the
dbpatch In question called upn tho llrltlsh
g(iorniroat for 11 ditlnltonns'nor to the quustlon
whether it would or would not mbnilt tho terri
torial cohtroveriy tiotwoiii ttsolt nnd Vunezuola
iu its cuti-cty to impartial rrrbltralicn. Tlio
onwerof tho llrltlsh government li.is not yet
licon rcceivo 1 but fs uxiioctod shortly when
fuithcr1 comuiuiiicntliui on the subjoct will prob
b'y bo innda to coiiuiest.
The Hawaiian Mattor.
Krirly in January lastnn uprising against the
government of llawalia wa promptly sup
ppTii Jtartl-l law was forthwith pro
claimed nnd numerous arrests ware made ot
persous suspected of baiug in sympathy with
tho Itojahvt party. Among theso wore scvoral
citizens of tlio United States, who were either
convicted by a military court and icntcnccd to
death, imprisonment or line, or were deported
without trial, Tho United States, while deny
ing protection to thoto who had taken tho Iln
walian oath ot allegiance, insisted that martial
law, though altering the forms ot justice, could
not supercede justlco itself, and demanded a
ftnyot execution until tho proceedings had
been submitted to this government, aud knowl
edge obtained therefrom that our citizens had
rccolvod fair trial. The death sentences wore
subsequently commuted or were remitted on
condition of leaving tho Islands. Tho cases ol
certain Americans arrested and expelled by or 1
bltrary order, without formal charge or trial, '
havo hnd attention, nnd in some instances liuvo
bennfuuod to justify remonstrance aud n claim
tor Indemnity, which Huwalia has thus far not ,
conceded. Mr. Thurston, tho Hawaiian Minis-
tcr, having furnished this government nbund
ant reason for nsklng that ho bo recalled, that
courso was pursued and his successor has
lately been received.
Lynching of Itnlinns In Colorado. 1
Tho dcploruhto lrnchin; ot sovcral Italian
laborer) in t Udorado was nnturilly followed by
international icpremutntlon and I am happ
tossy that tho bist effort 1 of tho Stnto In
which th -si outrag"s occurred haio beon put
forth to dt-covor nnd punish tho authors of this
atroclom crlni'. Tha dependint famili'snt
somoof tlio unfortunata victims invito by tholi
oplorablo condition gracious provision fot
their ncod. Tliaie minifestatlons against
itilploiis aliens may bo tracod through surctu
(uvo s taires ot th v Iclou padroni system uhich
nii-lioekrd by our immigration and contract
labor statutes, co itro!s Uifso workers from tlio
m mautot landin on our shnru. and tnrms
them out in distant and often rude raglont.
whoro their chonpcningacompetiou in tho fields
of bratul winulng toll brings thoin In collision
witlintho- labor lute oU. Whlli welcoming,
ns wo hould, tliiisc who soolc our shores to
lU'-rgo thorns lvcs In ur body iolitlon and win
per onalcompetonoj by honest tlTort, wo can
cot regard iU5h atsemhlagos as distinctively
alien latxror, hl-od out in tho mars to the
' Profit of llea speculator and ahlpiwl hlthet
and thithar as tho pnspo t of giin may dic
tate, as otherwisi than repugnant to the r ght
of our cWUiuitlon dotorrcnt lo individual ud
vane ment and hindrances to tha bid' dins up
of ftable cnmmun tlis resting upon the whole
some ambitions of tho citizen and constituting
tho prime factor in tho prosperity nnd progress
ofournatlnu If legislation can roach this
growing evil It certainly should bs attomptad.
Congratulations for Japan.
Japan has furnished abundant evidence ot
hr vast gain in evory trait and cturastorlstic
that constitutes a nation's gr?ntnas. Weliava
treason for congratulation In tho fact that the
government ot the Urn ted Btatcs, by tho ex'
cbango of libornl treaty stipulations with the
dqw Japan, was tho first to racogulzo bar woo
dorful advancement and to extend to hoc the
consi icratlon and conndeuco due to hor na
tional cnlightenmont and progressiva char
acter. Esmosn Arrangement Unsatisfactory.
In my last two nrnual meskoges I railed Uie
attention or the Congress to the position we
occupied aa one ot th) parties to n treaty or
agreement by which we became olntly bound
with England and Ucrmany to so interfere with
the government and control of Samoa as In
effect to astumo the managomaatof its affairs.
On tho 9th day ot May, 1391, 1 transmitted to
the senate a special message with accompany
ing documents giving Information on the sub
ject and emphasizing the opinion I bavoatall
tiroes entertained that our situation on this
matter was Inconsistent with the mission and
traditions of our government in violation ot
tho principle! wo profess and in all its pliasea
mischievous and vexatious. I again press this
subject upon th? attention ot ConjrCfS and ask
nMMMftJiMMMMiH
for rnChlfelsfatfvfe nhUiit oxWssfoaf will
lesd tho way to Our relief from obligations both
irksome and unnatural
The Cuban Rebellion.
Cnb-t is again gravely Atsturhod, aninsnrrro
Hon In somo repscls tabto active than the list
pretoodinsr revolt, Which continued from 1S63
tplS78.no cxltinn argoport of tholt
orn Interior of the Inland tnenacingevon some
pohulatlons on ths coast Ilcsldo dangsrlng
tho eommerrinl exchanges ot tho UlanJ, of
which put" country tales Iho predomlna.nt
share, this flagrant condltl .n of lirijtllitlea by a
rousing soitimental sympathy and fnclllrwr ad
venlurou support among our people, has en
tailed earnest effort on tho port of this govern
ment to enforce obod enco t our neutrality
laws and to prevent tho tor rltory of the JJnlte I
Btntes from lulrur abused as aVantagu trofind
from which to aid those In nrmT agoinatBpan
Ish sovnrelgntr Wiatovermay bo (hottadl
tlonal sympathy of our couritrymen; as irulU
vidnals with people who seem to be strtfagling
fo larger autonomy and greater froidom
deepened as such sympathy naturally must bs
In b-half of our neighbor. Yet ths plain duty
of tholr government is to obsorve In good falUi
tho roCngnizod obligations of international re
lat!onhip Tho performonco of this duty
should not bo made moro difficult by adisro
tnrdnnpartofourcitlzonsof tho obligations
trowing out of their nlleffinnco to their coun
try which should restrain thorn from violating
cs individuals tho neutrality which tho nation
of whlh thoy aromombers'is bound to observe
In its rotations to friendly sovereign Statoa.
Though nolthor the warmth ol our people's
lympathy with tho Cuban Insurgents norour
lossTmd miitoriat dimago consoquent upon U10
fntllo endonvon thus far in a do to restore peaco
and order, nor nny shook onr humane senilblll
tlo may hava rocoivel from tho cruelties
which appear to especially characterize this
innguinoty nnJ fiercely conducted war, have In
tho least rlmkea tho determination of tho gov
ernment to boncstlr fulfill every International
obligation 1 jot. It is to bo earnestly hoped, on
svery grounds, thnttho devastation of armed
tonfllcttuny sp odlly bo stayed and order and
quiet restorod to the distracted island, bring
ing In their train the edibility end thrift of
peacoful pursuits.
The Turkish Troubles.
Occurrences In Turkey havo continued to e
:ito concern. Tlio reported massacros of Chris
liais in Armenia and tin development there,
nnd in othor district, of tho spirit ot fnnatlo
hostility t Christian influences, naturally ex-ilu-d
apprrhnnslon for tho snfaty of tho devoted
men and women who, as dependents of tho for-
1 tign musionary soctcties In the Unltod States,
and resldo in Turkey under tho guaranteo of
1 law nnd csisonnd In tin lcgltlraati porform
I snee of tholr oducationntand religious ir.'walon.
, No cllorta hnvo been spared in tholr bohalf and
their protection In, person and proporty has
, beon oUrnostly nnd vigorously enforced by
I vcrr means within our powar. I regret, how
, ever, that da attempt on our part to obtain
better information concerning tho trus condi
tion of affairs in tlio disturbed quarter of tho
Ottoman ctnplro by tending tho United
1 btntes consul at Sluns o irtako Investigation
snd report, was thwarted by ths objections of
tho Turkish poyornmant. This movemont on
Dur part was in no sonso meant as a gra tlitous
. TUMIJIVIt'llll-Ilh Ui LMU VllllOd 7Ulll in II1U SU'
1 inupii r.nstorn quosiinn nor as an otllcioui ln-
' inrtirntn llt. llii. wthl.fr m I .l.i -wl.toli tn
:aneu liflstorn quostlon
. .
0n. uy troaty to certain great European
powers cautUTiortii
tholr intervention in nollt.
leal matters alloctingtho good goveinmontand
religious fr'Cdom or tho non-Mussulman sub-
loctsof thoirultnn, butitarosi stloly from our
ic.ire to hnvo an accurate knowlodgo of the
:ond'tltlons in our efforts to care for thoso en
titled to our protectton.
Tho prctenca ot our naval vomoIs which are
low In tho vitlnity of tho disturbod localities
afford opportunities to acquire a measure ot
tainiliarity with tho condition of affairs nnd
"IU enable u, to take sultaUo step, for the
protection of nny intcroita ot our countrymen
within rcich of our ships that might bo found
Imperilled. Tho Ottoman government has
lately issued an Impotial Irado exempting for-
tver from taxation nn Amorloan collego for 1
la-td at Ditiitnat TTxaH.,ia.l a !... '
f iris at Scutari. Repeated assurances have
lso been obtained by our envoy at Constan
tinople that similtr institutions maintained
snd administered by our countrymen shall bo
secured m tho enjoyment of nil rights nnd tint
)ur citizens throughout tho ompiro shall bo
orotoctcd.
On tho domand of our mlnlstor onlers havo
been issued by the Su tnn that Turkish soldiers
thall guard and cs-ortta tho coast American
rofugtes and thoso ordors havo boon carried
out. and our latest intelligence givca assuranso
Of tho prosont personal safety of our citizens
nd missionaries. Though thus far no lives of
Aiii ricanoitizo -s havo Loon sacrificed, there
:an bo no doubt tUnt icrlous Ioes and destruc
tion of mis-Ion property havo re3ultol from
riotous conflicts and outrageous attacks.
By troaty dovorat of tho most powerful
European powers havo secure I a right and as
turned n duty not only in behalf of their own
citizens and in furtherance ot their own inter
Mta. but as agents ot tho Christian world,
their right is to enforce such contuct ot tho
rurklsh government as will restrain fanatical
brutality, mid in fact, tholr duty li to Interfere
to as to Injure against such dreadful occurr
rences in Turkey ns lately shocked civilization.
The power declare this rkrht and this duty to
bo tliolrs alone, nnd it is earnestly hopod that
? ffoctivo action on their part will not bo do
lajcd. OUtt FINANCES.
4. Subject ot tlio G rent mt Importnnco to
tho American People.
As wo turn from a review of our forchra rela
tions to tho contemplation ot our national
iinancial situation wo are immediately aware
that wo approach a subject ot domestic con
tain, moio important than any other that can
ngago our attention, and ono at present in
such a perplexing and dcllcatu predicament as
to require prompt nnd wise treatment.
Wnroa) well bo ODcour.!god to o.innet offvrt
In Ihli direction when wo recall the steps
nlready tnkon t ward improving our economlo
tnd fmnncid situation, nnd whonto appreciate
how w ll Un way has been prepared for farther
progr) by nn aroued aid Intelligent popular
Interest In theso subject. Dy command ot tho
licoplo, a customs revenuo system, designed for
tho protection nnd benefit of favored clatsos as
thoexptn o of tho great majority ot our coun
trymen and wbi'hi whi o iuotikiint for the pur
poso of revenue, cu't'iil d oar trado relations
ind lmoo I'd ourcr.tr .1:0 to tho markots of
tho world, has ueau supercede I by a
tariff policy w.ndi, m principlo, is
basod upon a dental of tho rlrht
of thoBOiornmont to obstru-t the avenues of
our people's choap llvlns or lssssti tiiolr com
fort nnd cout'titment, fo tlm sako of according
tpicial advautaires to favorites and which,
nhilo encouraging our Intercourse and trade
uitli other nations, recognizo tho fact that
American self reliance, thr.ft aud cmouuity,
can buildup our country's indu-trlcs and de
iclop it. rosour-cj more surely than enervating
paternalism. Tho compulsory purchssi nnd
olnncoof hdverb the gocrnment unchosked
and unregulated by busiross conditions and
heedless of our curnna needs, which for moro
thaniUto"tt irs dliutnl our circulating mod
ium,und'rminodcontiden;onb'oadin our tinan
clal ability and atlattculrainated in distress and
panic at homo lias been recently stoppod by tho
repeal of tho laws which fore id tlds recklcts
ichemi uion tho country. Tho things thus ao-complUho-1
notwithstanding thet extreme Im.
uortnnro and tenaiicicut effectv, fll fur short
of curing tho monetary evils lrom whle'a we suf
fer as a result of long Indulgence In 111 advUod
financial expedient. Tho currency donoro
inatod United States notes and commonly
knoa n n green-basks was iiined in ltfrge vol.
um3 during too late ctvll war an I intended
ortcinallv to meet tho emergences ot that
period. It will be aosn by u refwronco to tne
debatoa in congress at tho t mo laws wore
pasted outhorlzin; tlio i&sco ot these notes,
that their advo'atoi declared they were in
tended for only tempera' y usoand to meet the
emergency of war. In almost, if cot all, the
laws relating to them, soma provision was
mado contemplating their voluntary or com
pulsory retirement. A large qnantltr of them,
however, wore kept on foot nnd mingled with
tbe currency of tha countr. so tli.it at tho
close ot tho year 1S71 they amounted to J33I.
VH0,i',S, Immediately aftr that data and in
January, 1S73, n law was pasted providing fnr
tho rosumotlon of spoclo payment by
which tba Se -ro ary ot tho Trcinury
was required, whenever additional clrou
latlon was ij.iued to Nations banks,
tllfllM MHHa
Hdretiro onitcd Clalea-hofes In enoal amount
1 to 80 per cent of such additional Niitinn.t y.nv
circulation until such notes were reduced td
eMfiOQflOO. This law furthor provides that on
and after the last day of January. 1819, tho
United States notes then outstanding, should
be redeemed In coin, nnd in ordr to provldo
and prepare for such redemption the aecrctdry
of tho treasury was authorized not only to use
any surf Ins revenues of thb government, but to
issue bonds of tho United SUtes and dispose ot
themforcoln nnd tonsatho proeraxls for tho
purpO'c contemplated by the statute.
In May, 1S'8, and before tho dato thus ap
pointed for tho redemption ah I retirement of
Jheso notes, another statute was passed for
bidding their further cancellation and retire
ment. Some of them ha 1, howover, b6n pre
viously redormed and cancalled upon tho Usuo
of additional national bank circulation, as pci
mitted by the law of 1875. so that tho amount
outstanding nt tho tlrao of tho piesagoot tho
act forbidding tholr furthor retirement was
S'CVKLujrj. Tho law ot 137S did not stop nt dis
tinct prohibition but contained in addition
tho following provision, "Aud when nny
of said notes may bo redeemed or
be recolrod into tho treasury under
any law, from ony source whatever, nnd
shall belong to tho United r-tntes, thoyi hall not
bo retired, cancelled, or destroyed, but thoy
shall bo ro-isSued and paid out again and kopt
in circulation." This wits tho condition ot af
fairs an the 1st day of January. 187., which had
beon fixed upon four years before ns ths date
for entering upon the redemption and retire
ment ot all thojo notes, and for which such
abundant moans hod been provided Tho gov.
tlrnmcnt was put in the anomolous situation ot
owing lo ths holdors ot its notes, debts payable
iu gold on demand which could neither bo re
tired 1y receiving such n( t"ii In discharge of
obligations duo tho government not cancelled by
actual payment In gold. It was forced to re
deem without rodemptiou and to pay without
acquittance.
'lhero has bean issued nnd sold KM,.13,O00 of
tho bands author zed by tho resumption act of
1)15, tho procoods ot which, together with other
gold in tho treasury, croato 1 a gold fund doomed
sufficient to moot tho demands which might bo
madoupon it for tho redemption ot tho out
standing Unltod btitoi notes. This fund, to
gether with uoi other gold as might bo from
time totimo in thai treasury available for tho
same purpose, has been siuoo called our gold
reserve uud$lU0 OXJ.OX) has beon rogardod as nn
adequats amount t3 nccomplllh its objoct,
This faod amounted on tho lstday of January
ISiO, to lb I,li)c,t31 and though thoroaftor con
stantly fluc.Ufttlug, It did not fall below UiaV
sum in July, 1831 In April, 1S93, for th first
tlrrn sinco its establishment thii reserve
amountoi to loss than eUJO.JOO.OOO, containing
t that dato only $j7,011,m
Tho Jlond Contract.
Tho messago rovlows at great length tho low
ering of the s 'Id roierve, tho shipmont ot gold,
tho issuing of bonds, tho ontorinir into the bond
contract with capitalists, and hU messages to
COngross for rellof. Continuing, tho Frcsldont
nays;
Tho Congress having declined to grant ths
necessary authority to socuro this saving tho
contract unmodlQed was carried out, resulting
In a gold reserve amounting to $107,i71,'iVj on
tho 8th diy of July, l&9i. Tho performance of
this contract not only restored tho rcsorvo but
choCved for a time tho withdrawal of gold and
brought on a porlod of restored confidence and
such po.ico and quiot In buslnoss circles as
wof a ot tho greatest possiblo value to ovory in
terest that atlocU oar peoplo. I havo novor had
tho slightest misgiving concorniug tho wisdom
or propriety of this arrangomont, and am quito
willing to answer for my full suaro of responsi
bility for iti promotion
I bollovo It averted a disaster, the Imminence
ot which is fortunntoly net at this time gonsr
ally understood by our people. Though tho
contra 'tmontionod stayed torn tlmo tho tldo
of gold withdrawal, its goo 1 results could not
bo pormanent Recent withdrawals havo ro
ducod tho re-,orvo from 107iil,2l3 on tlio Uh
day of July, 1805, to $7i,3J3,9U How long it
will remain largo enough to render it incroaso
unnecessary is only matter of conjecture,
IlifWlrrls rttsltrk tarni ) lul mmnli fn al.lni. s
though Quito tarm withdrawals for shlDinnnt
in tho immedlato future are prod ctod in woll
informed quarters About I16,OOJ,000 has
been wlthdrnwndurlng tho month of November.
Tho foregoing statomont of evonts and condi
tions dovelop tho fact that after increasing our
interest bearing bondod indebtedness more
than $162.0X0,000 to savo our gold reserve, wo
are noarly whoro wo started, having now in
such resorvo $70,333,9 '0, ns ngnint SB3,13S,31T, Id
February 1631, when the first bonds were issued.
Though tho amount of gold drawn from the
treasury appoare to bo vory large, as gathorod
, from tlio foots and figures heroin present it
actually was much larger, considerablo sums
1 having boon acquired by tho treasury within
tho scvoral periods statod without tho issue of
I bonds.
J On tha 7Sth of January, 1993, it was rcportod
1 by tho secretary of tho treasury that moro than
1 172,000,000 of gold had been withdrawn for
hoarding or shipmont during tha year pro
ceeding. Ho now reports that from January 1,
1379, to July 11, IS10, a porlod of moro than 10
years, only n llttlo oror JU-t ,000,000 was with
drawn and that botweon July II, 1S90. tlio date
ot tho paisjago ot tho law for an increased "nur.
chaso of silver, nnd tho first day of Docomber,
189), or within loss than five and a half yoars,
there was withdrawn nearly $313,009,003,
making ' ,o total ot more than $-tlJ,(XX),000
drawn from tho treasury in gold 6lnco January
1st. 1879, tho dato fixed in 137 tor tho retire
mont ot tho United States notes.
, early $j27,X)j,U of tha gold thus withdrawn
hnvo been paid out on thoo United States
notes, and yot cvary ono of the fdi),'X)),0JJ is
still uncancelled and ready to do sorvico in fu
ture gold dopletlo is. Moro thon $7d,OJJ,0X) in
gold has sincu th -ir creation in IS 0 beon paid
out from the troasurv upon the not"s given on
tho purchase of tilvor by the government;
and jot tlio wholo, amounting to fl5t,00),j0i.',
excopt 11 littlo mora than ltl,0M,QC0 which havo
been retire 1 by exchanges for sliver at the re
quest ot tho holdors. remain outstanding and
prepared tn join tholr older and mora ex
perienced allies in futuro raids upon tho treas
ury's gold 10 orvo.
On July 1. ISO:, mori than a your and a half
befoio tin first bonds were Issued to ruplonieh
tho gold resorvo, thoro was a net balance in tho
treasury oxclusivo ot such reserve of loss
than $H,0u0,0i0, but tho gold rcsorvo
amounted to more than $tU,030,OOJ, which wa
tho quieting feature of tho Ituation, It was
when tho stock f gold began rapidly to fall
that fright supervened and our seouritios hold
abroad were returned for sale and dobts owed
abroad wore pr 'Ssod for paymont. In tho mean
time oxtousivo shipments of gold and otjor un
favorable, indications oausoJ resticssuass and
fright among our pooplo at home.
Tho act of July II. iS K, In a still boldsr effort
Imreabed th amount otsllvor the Government
was compelled to purchaso nnd forced it to
become tho buyer annually ot tit OX), (GO
ounces, or practically tho entire pro
duct ot iur mines Under both laws
silver rapidly and steadily declinad in valuo.
The prophecy and tho exprestod hope and ox
potation ot thoo in tho congress who led In
the passaga of the last mentionod aot that it
would ro-establlsh and maintain tbe former
parity botwoou tho two metals are still fresh In
our memory.
Iltttlrcrnent of Treasury Notes.
In othor words, tho government has paid In
gold more than nine-tenths ot its Unltod States
notes and still pwos thom all It has paid in
; goll about ono-hdf of its notes given for
1 tilvor purchases without extinguishing by such
payment ono dollar ot theso notos. And addod
to all this we aro reminded that to carry on
this astonishing tinancinl system the govern
ment has incurred a bonded Indebtedness of
SOV.OO.iU) n establishing a gold resorvo und of
SlGiM.lM in droits to maintain it, that an an
mal interest charge ot such bonded In
debtedness it moro than tlt.000.OJ0, that
a continuance in onr present course
may result in further bond Issues,
and that wo have suffered or ere threatened
with all this for the eako of suppljlng gold for
foreign shipmont or facilitating its hoarding at
homo, a situation is exhibited which certainly
ought to arrest attention and provoke immedi
to legislative relief 1 am convinced tho only
thorough and practioablo remedy for our tron.
bles ts found hi tho retirement and cancellation
9t our United States notes, commonly called
greenbacks and tha outstanding treasury notes
lsaed by Ibe government in payment ot silver
purchese under the act of JfoO,
I believe tills could bs quite readily accom
plished by the 0 cbango ot these notos for U S,
oonds ot small as well as large denominations
bearing a low wto of interest. They should be
long term bonds thus lrrcrosslng their desfr
tbilltyaa investment and becanse their pay
ment could bo woll postponed to a pulod far
removed from present financial burdens and
perpl-xitio when with Increased prosperity
snd resources they would be moro easily mot,
To furtber Insure tho cancellation of thesa
notes and also provllo a way by which gold
may bo added to our currency In Ilea of them,
t feature In the plan should bo an autiority
given to tho Socratary of tbo Treasn-y
to dispose of tho bonds abroad for gold If
nccesMiryrto corapleto the contemplated ro
Jemptloa and cancellatfori permitting him use
jt tho proceeds of such bonds to toko up nnd
tancel any of tho polo that may bo In tho
treasury or that may bo received by tho gov
vrnment on any account. 1 ho increase of our
bonded debt Involved in this plan would bo
imply compensated by xenewod activity anil en
terprise In all buslnoss circles, tho restored
lonfldensa at homo, tho reinstated faith in our
monetary strength abroad, nnd tbo stimulation
f evory Interest and indnitry that
would follow the cancellation of tho
told demand obligations how offltcting us.
In nny event tho bonds proposed would stand
(or the xtingulthmcnt Of a irrubloBio in
tebtodness, while In tho path we now follow
thero lurks tho menace of unending bonds with
our indobtoJness still undischarged and aggra
vated in ovary feature. Tbe obligation ueces
iary to find this indebtedness would not equal
In amount those from whbh wo havo beon ro
'ieved sinco 1884 by anticipation and payment
beyond tho requirements ot tho sinking fund
out of our surplus revonues. The currency
withdrawn by tha retirement of the
United States notes and treasury notoi
imountlng to probably less than $6,0)0,000
night be supplied by sueli gold as would be
Jsed on tholr retirement or by aa lucre aso in
rrcgulatlonofour National banks. Though
tho nggrogate capital of theso now in existenco
imounts to more than fcl.e.OOO.oyO, their out
itanding circulation based on bond soaurlty
imounts to only about $190,000,000. Thoy are
tuthorizod to issuo notes amounting to ninety
Kir cent of tho bonds dcpoltod to securer tholr
ilrculation, but in no event boyand the amount
f tholr capital stock thoy aro obliged to pay
no percent tnx on tho circulation thoy issue.
I think they ought to bo allowed to issuo cir
ralatlon equal to tho par voluo ot the bonds
Ihoy dopoiit to so: uro It, nnd that tho taxon
'heir circulation should bo reduced to one
fourth of ono por cent, which would undoabt
dly meet all tho expenses tho government
would incur on their account. In addition
they should bo allowed to sub't'.tuto or deposit
u llou of tho bonds now required ns security
'or their circulation thoio which would bo is.
mod for tho purposo of relltlng tho United
Statos notes and treasury notes. The banks
tlready oxlsting, if thoy desired to avail lhom
tclvcsw of tho provisions of law
thus modified could Issue circulation
'a addition to that already outstanding,
mounting to $173,00 ,000, which would noarly
srquit) equal tlio currency proposed to b
cancelled. At any rate, I should confidently ex
loct to 603 tin oxtstlng national banks or
jtlicrs to bo organizod avail tlicmsolvos ot tho
proposed encouragement to lisue circulation
ind promptly fill nny vucuum and supply ovory
currency uoad. It hna nlwajs seemed to mo
dint tlio provisions of law regnrding tho cap
ita ot national banks nh chopcr.lto ns a llm
'tntion to thoir location fails to mato proper
jompensation for the supprrsiiou of stato
banks, whl;h camo near to tho p-oplo in all eoc
tlcns of tno country and readily furnished
'.horn with banking accommodations and
'acilitles.
Whatover Is attempted should be cntorcd
lpon fully appreciating tho fact that by care
'esi, oasy descent, wo bnvo reachod a dangorous
lopth and that our uscont will not bo ac
complished without laborious toll and struggle.
IVo shall bo wUo If wo reallco that wo nro
Inancially ill and that our restoration to
icalth may require heroic treatment.
Inasmuch as tho withdrawal ot our gold has
-csulted largely from fright, thoro Is nothing
ipparont that will prevent its coutinuanco or
recurrence, with its noturnl consequences, ex.
:ept such a chnngo in our financial methods as
will reassure the frightened and mako tho do
tiro for gold less inteuo It is not clear how
in In-reaio in rovenuo, unless it ba in gold and
latisfactory to thos) whore only nnxiotv U to
rata gold from tho governments Etoro. It can
tot, therefore, bo aifo to rely upon increased
OTcnuos as a euro for our present
crouoios. Itlsposslblo that tho suggastion of
ncreasod r.-'vonuo as a remedy for tlio difficul
ties wo aro considering may havo originated In
ti intimation pr distin:t allegation th nt tho
tendi which hava boon Issuj.1 ostensibly to
opl nlsh our gold resorvo wcro really issued
to supply innilllciont rovenu?. Nothing can bo
turthjr from tlio truth. Uonds wo o issued to
jbtaingold for thomaintcnancoof our uatioual
rodlt
Free Sliver.
Whllo I havo endeavored to mako a plain
itatement of tho disordered condition of our
currency aud tho present dnngiri inenicin? our
Qrosporlty and to suggojt n way which
cais to a safor financial system
I havo constantly hnd in mind tho fact thit
aiany of my oountrynvni whoso Kincorlty I do
aot doubt. Insist that tho euro for t jo ills now
threatening us my bo found in thu single and
ilmplo icmody ot tho frco coiuaga uf silver
I'hoy contend that our mints shall boatonco
Uir iwu Open to tuo frco und unlimltod and
sidepo ,aeiit comago oc lioth gold and silver
juunu uuiiu ii-K.il iviiuer iiuiuuy, regardless
f tlH.eetl.mot any other gov.rnrncnt.andin
'all view ot tlio fact that tha rutin
Jio metals which thoy buggest calls
hundred cents worth of g Id in tho gold dollar
it tha proscnt standard and only fifty cents in
ntrinsia worth of silver in tho silvor dollar,
in the present sta '0 of our didioulty it is not
ay to understand how the amount ot our rev
jnuo receipts affects it, Tho Important quoi-
-Jon is not tlio quantity of money received in '
qriinuo payments, but tlio kind of monoy we j
maintain and our ability to continue in sound
Qnancinl coudition. Via aro considering tho
zors nmont holding of gold as related to tho '
touaauais of our money and as affecting ou- na- I
tlonal credit and monetary strength. If our cold
e'ono had never lo3ii Impiinxl. if no bonds '
lad over bosn issue 1 to replenish If there hail !
tojn no fear nnd timidity concerning ourabil- I
ty to continue gold payment; if any part I
it our revoaucs were now paid in gold,
ind if wo could look to our gold receipts as n
nenns of maintiiiiuug u safo reserve tho
amount of our reienu s would ba an intiuontial
(actor in the prublom IHit unfortanntcly nil
Iho clrcumstaii:cs thnt might lend weight to
(his consideration uro entirely lacking. In our
orcsent predicament no gold is rccolvod by thu
rovcrnment in paymont of revenuo charges
or would thoro bo If tho rovenuos wero in
rcacd Iho rocoipts of tlio treasury when not
n sllvor cortlnoatoi. consist ot United
State notes nnd treasury notos, tssuod
Tor silver purchases. '1 hoso forms of money are
nly useful to tho govornraont In paying It
current ordinary expenses aud its quantity
tn government poss 1 salon doss nj l' '..
contributo towird giving us that kind ot safe
ijnamlal standing or condition which is built
n go d nlon. It is said that theso
otas it held by tho government can bo ned to
b ain gold for our rosorve. The answer is
vasy Iho people draw gold from tho treasury
sn demand upon Unlto I States notes and troas
nry not-s, but tho proposition that ths treasury
cin on domand draw gold from tho people upon
thom would bo regarded in thoso days with,
wonder and amazement An t oven it this
louid 00 done, there u nothing t prercnt
tboie thus partlnewiththirgo.ilfromr?gsla
lig it tho next day or tho next hour by ths
prcsontatinot tho notos they rocolvcd in ex
fhango for It,
TlinvA,-ninrvnf tho treasury might us such
HWIW .HMWU UVUi a BUIflUa lUVUIlUU IA ,.- 1
gold iu tho market. Of courso. he could not do
this without paying a premium, l'rlvatq hold
ers ot gold, unlike th government having no
parity to maintain, would not bo restrained
from making the best bargain possible whoa
they furnished gold to the treasary; but the
momont the ajcretary of tbo treasury bought
gold on any terms above par ha would estat
lish a geueral and universal premium upon it.
thus breaking down tho parity botwrw gold
and sliver which tbo goveiurnont is plbged to
maintain, and opanlng tlu way to now and
serious complications.
In ths meantime ths premium would not re
main stationary and the absurd spectacle might
bo presented ot a dealer selling gold to ths
Government and with. Unltod States notes or
tr-asury notes in his band Immediately clam
oring for Its return and a to als at a higher
premium Itmay baclalmsd that a large rev
enue and reduced receipts might favorably af
fect tin situation under discussion by affording.
sa
an opportunity; affeetlng fiesv notes ia ta
treasury wben received, and tiros proVsntinr
their presentation for gold. Buch retention to
bs useful ought to l at least measurably par
manent, and this ts precissly what Is pruhlo
itodso far as United States notes ara con
cerned by law of 1878, forbidding their roj
tlremont, Thatthe statute In so many word
provides that these notes when receive 1 Into
the treasury and bolonging to the United Stato j
shall bo 'Taid out gain and keptln circula
tion." It will rnorcovor be readily teen thai
tbo government could not refuss to pay out
United States notes and treasury note; In cur
rent transactions when demanded, and Insist
on paying ont sllvor alone and still maintain
tho parity betwoen that metal and tho cur
rency representing gold. Besides tho accumu
lation in tho treasury Of currency of any kind
exacted from the peoplo through taxation hi
Justly regarded as nnovll and' it cannot pro
ceed far without "vigorous protest against an
ufllOatlflnblo retention of money.
Wore there intlnltoly stronger reasons than
can bo adduced for hoping that such action
would rvsnra for us a blomtalllo currency mov
ing on linos ot parity an oxpcrlment so novel
and hatardoua as that proposed might well
stagger thoso who bollovo that stabdlty is an
Imporatlvo condition of sound money. No gov.
ernment, no bum t a contrivance or net of legis
lation baa aver been abb to bold tho two motals
togethor in frco coinage at a ratio appreciably
different from that which Is established In tha
markots ot the world.
In the light of theso experiences, which ae
cordwlth tho experiences of other nations,
there ia cortalnly uo secure ground for tho be
lief that an act of Congress could now bridge
an equality ot 50 per cent between gold and sil
ver at our present ratio, nor is thoro tho least
possibility that our country, which has low
than ono seventh of the silver money in tho
world, could by Its action ralso not only onr
own, but all sllvor, to its lost ratio with gold.
Our attempt to accomplish this by tlio free
colnago of sllvor at a ratio differing from tha
actual rolntivo valuo would bo tho signal for
completo doparturo of gold from our circula
tion, and tho collapso of our entire credit sys
tem. Our country's indebtedness whother owing by
tho government or oxisting betwoen Individuals,
has been coatracbd with roferencoto our pres
ent standard To doc roo by net of Congress
that theso dobla shall bo paynblo in less valua
ble dollars than thoso within tho contemplated
and intcntloh of tba parties when contracted,
would oporato to transfer br the flat law and
without compensation, an amount of property
and a volumo ot rights and intorosts almost In
calculable Thoso who ndvocato a blind and
headlong plungo to frco coinage in thi name of
bimetallism and professing the bollof, con
trary to all oxporlonco, that we could
thus establish a doublo standard and a
concurrent circulation of both metals in onr
coinage aro certainly reckoning from a cloudy
standpoint. Our present standard of valao ii
tho standard of tho civilized world, and per
mits tho only bi-motalllsm now possible or at
least that within tlio independent reach of any
single nation, howover powerful that nation
may bo. . VThllo ' tho valuo of gold
as a standard Is steadied by
almost universal commercial and business it
does not dospiso sllvor nor Book it banlshmont.
Whorovcr tlds standard is malutalno 1 thoro is its
elda in f rco and unquostionad circulation a vol
ume ot sllvor currency Eometimos oquoling, and
sometimes oven excoadinj it in amoant, both
maintained at a parity notwithstanding a de
precation or fluctuation In the intrinsic value ot
silver.
Thcr. is n vast difference botweon a standard
of voluo an I a currency for monetary use. Th
standard must necessarily bs fixed and certain.
Tho currency may !o in dircrso forms and of
various kinds. No sllvor standard country has
a gold currency ia circulation but an enlight
ened and wiso system of finance socuros tho
binifita of both gold and silver ax cunency
and circulnl ing medium by keoplnj tho stand
ard stable and all other currency at par with
it. Such n systom and such a standard also
gives frco scopo tor tho use nnd expansion of
safo and consorvatlvo credit so indispcnslblo
to broad and growing commercial transactions
and so woll substituted for tho nctual uso of
money.
Tho past Is full ot lessons, teachln; not only
tlio economic dangers, but tl.o national im
morality that follows In tho train of such ox.
pedient. I will not bollovo that tho American
peoplo can bo persuaded, after sf.bor delibera
tion, to jeopnrdizo their nation's prostigs and
proud standing by encouraging financial nos
trums, nor that they will ylald ti Uiu falso nl
luromenta ot cheap money, when they Jo 1 lira
that It muEt result ia tho woakoilm; of that
financirl Integrity and rcctitudo which thus far
en our history has bron so devotoJlv cherished
as one of tho traits of truo Americanism.
I havo venturod to express mrsolf on thos
subjects with eamostness and plnianoss ot
tpeoch becauso I cannot rid mrselt of thabeliof
that there lurks in tbe prop ltlnn for the free
coiuago of silver so strongly npprovod and
so enthusiast Ical'y advocatol by a multitude
or my countrymen a serious menace to our pros
perity and insidious temptation of our people
to wander from tho alloglanco tli y owo to -publitnndpr
vnto integrity. It isbccauioldo
not distrust tho good faith nnd sincerity of
thoso who pross this scheme thnt I havo
imperfectly but with zeal pumbittod my
thoughts upon this momontius subjoct
I caunot resraln from begging thorn
to rc-exnmino their view and beliefs in ths
iii.i i.:i. -.,. ,, ,,n.. ., .i
" W ' iT" ? "?, '?,'"
n cnit anuisa cno0i nnj t0 W0Igh again and again the conse
nt S, quenosH of such legislation as tholr efforts haro
!.!Li.i JiJi.. I Invited. Even tho continusd agitation of tho
subjoct adds greatly to tho dlllUultios in a
daugcroui financial situation already forced
upo.i ns.
In conclusion I especially entreat tho people's
representatives in tho Congress who ara
charged with tho responsibility or Inaugurat
ing measures for tho safety aud proiperityof
our common country to promptly and effec
tively considor tha ills of our critical financial
plight. 1 havo suggested a remedy n hlch my
judgment approves I destro, to assure tha
Congress that I nm prepared toco-oporato with
them in perfecting any other monsuros promis
ing thorough and practical relief and that I
will gladly labor with them in every patriotlo
endeavor to furthor tho intorosts and guard ths
welfare ot our countrymen whom in our re
spective places ot duty wo havo undertaken to
servo. Okovkb Ci.uvgi.ANP,
It Seems Incredible
Gazpin How old does a woman laave
to bo before she can vote?
Hazbin Twcnty-ono, I beliovc.
tfazpin Hut usually she doesn't vote
until she's twice that afro.
Ilazbln I know It- You sco alio has
to devote tho intervening time to mak
ing: up her mind how to vote. Roxbury
Gazette.
Heinous Offense.
Mrs. Flgr Tommy put a bont pin
In tho minister's chair when he was
calling this afternoon.
Mr, L'ifrK Qlmino your sllpper.quick.
A boy who will ploy such a trick on. a
man who daren't swear needs one ot
the best licking that can bo produced.
Indianapolis Journal.
Lids should always be putover sauce
pans when in use. The stcum is usu
ally moro beneficial to tho dish, being;
prepared than to tho kitchen walls.
In London the natural lucreas. of ths
population, from excess ot Llrths over
deaths alone, la about 4,000 a. month.
Most European nations average for
the male 5 feet C inches, but tho Aus
trlans, Spanish and Portueuoca iust fall
short ot this utandard.
Unterrifled small bovs In Portland
Me., a few days ago stole tho,grar?
markers from the cemetery tor uae in
making bounds for hockey playing,
Tho cult known as Christian Science,
founded in Boston In 18C8 bv J)r. Mary
Baker Eddy, now has 200 torporated
churches in the United State.
Last month was the mes prosperous
In the history ot the Brjoklj-J postof
flce. The sales from stamps, stamped
envelopes. ettL. amounted to $99,568.33
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