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About The Omaha guide. (Omaha, Neb.) 1927-19?? | View Entire Issue (July 12, 1957)
^ ^ ^HMwm eap^tTCm ' Vol. 38 No. 17 Friday, July 12,1957 10c Per Copy SSSr MONDAY JU You Musf Write Your Senator Today v the following are the names and addresses of your Senators: Sen ator Carl T. Curtis, Senate Office Building, Washing ton, D .C. and Senator Roman Hruska, Senate Office Building, Washington, D. C. Ten thousand letters are needed today. Write your letter and drop it in the * mail box today. Let your Senator know that you know him and that he is your representative in Washington, for you can only talk through him. ^ ^ ^ The Guide Is Working For You I My Dear Senator: I have been informed that the Bill of Rights is before the Senate. This bill, if passed, will emancipate about seventeen million loyal Ameri can citizens. It will be the end of racial difficulties, especially in the South. Knowing you as I do, I fee! definitely that you are in favor of this legislation. The whole world will have its eyes on the Senate Chamber Monday, July 15. I am asking you to please be present on roll call when this bill comes before the Senate; and if possible, to remain at each session until the battle is won. Thanking you in advance for this favored consideration, I am Respectfully yours, C. C. GALLOWAY Please be Loyal and Act Today, for Monday July 15 Is the Day You help Emancipate 17 Million Citizens. The following is a request from the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People soliciting Your Help In This Fight. Today Is the Day for You To Be Informed of the Facts by reading the Full News release from the National NAACP z office, herein printed. j* - Wilkins Would Test Liberalism Marshall Reviews Progress (n Legal Fight for De segregated Schools DETROIT, iunT"30 — Five cri teria for determining the sincer of professed liberals in the Senate were set forth by Roy Wil kins, executive secretary of the National Association for the Ad vancement of Colored People which closed its 48th annual con vention here today with a mass meeting in the Olympia Stadium addessed by Mr. Wilkins; Thur good Marshal], the Association's special counsel; and Jackie Robin son, the former Brooklyn Dodger infield star, now serving as chair man of the 1957 NAACP Fight for Freedom drive. When the pending civil rights bill comes up for debate on the Senate floor on July 15tb, it will be necessary, Mr. Wilkins warned, to ‘‘keep an eye on your senators, the friendly ones, the lukewarm ones and the hostile ones. Keep in touch with them by letter and wire and telephone. “They have these duties if they are truly supporters of the civil rights bill: (1) they must vote for cloture to shut off the filibuster, (2) they must not be absent when a cloture vote is taken because an absentee hurts us just as much as if he voted against us;- (3) they must vote against the fake jury trial amendment; (4) they must vote against the 'right-to-work* a mendment because this is a device to split the backers of civil rights legislation end does not belong in a civil rights bill and is designed solely to cut off labor support for the bill; and (5) they must vote to hold the Senate in session all sum mer if necessary to pass the bill, by their votes you will know your friends." The NAACP leader made it dear that there would be no let up in the Association'* drive for the elimination of racial discrim ination and segregation. “If our convention here in Detroit had a theme it was that we not be dis mayed, that we continue to press forward,” he declared. “If I sense correctly the feeling of the dele gates, it is that in goodwill, but with firm determination, we con tinue in the NAACP tradition of attacking evils and attacking a gain, until victory is won. We will attack them in the North as well as In the South and we will have, as we have always had, an affirm ative, positive program, as well as a program of protest and attack. We will keep up the fight, on crutches, on one leg, with one mm or with one eye, ss long as we «an see, think, act and breathe — as long as we are alive." Despite the widely-publicized hardcore resistance to school in tegration in eight southern states, there has “actually been substan tial progress in legal action to wards eventual descgration of all public institutions,” Mr. Marshall told the delegates. However, he pointed out, the courts cannot do the full job. The Supreme Court invalidated segre gation in public education and other public facilities. These rul ings “have been implemented by state and federal courts in a steady linfe of decisions during the past two years.” But the Court “did not and could not ar range to put Negroes into every school situation in every town in the South. Ail the courts can do is to establish and enforce existing laws. In a democratic form of govern ment, much is left to the indivi dual involved. So, in this area it Continued On Page Two See Civil Rights As A Moral Issue DETROIT, June 30 — One thou sand delegates, plus an additional 2,000 visitors, attending the 48th annual convention of the National Association for the Advancement of Colled People heard two of the nation's leading spokesmen for the liberal movement call for en actment of civil rights legislation as a moral obligation. Addressing the Wednesday night (June 26) session of the six-day convention which closed here to day were Walter Reuther, presi dent of the United Automobile Workers and member of the NA ACP Board of Directors and Jo seph L. Rauh, Jr., vice-chairman of Americans for Democratic Ac tion. “The civil rights issue,” Mr. Reu ther declared, “must be made the top priority item in American democracy's unfinished business in the 20th Ce/ituy. Civil rights is not a political issue. It is a moral challenge. We do not want to play politics with civil rights, but to put it in focus and to take the necessary steps to implement a civil rights program.” Conceding that present world conditions required adequate mili tary preparations, the labor leader declared that “we cannot win the struggle of ideas and ideals with guns. We live with crisis in A mcrica and the people of the world are living with crisis. This crisis is not primarily political, economic or military. It is a crisis of man’s gross inhumanity to man. In America, it is not political; it is moral. We have not demon strated the moral courage to solve tfaeaa problems and untU we do Continued On Page Two I f Claim Jewry Is Opposed To Segregation __ DETROIT, June 30. — “The or* ganized Jewish community of to day is united against racial segre gation,’’ Shad Polier, vice-presi dent of the American Jewish Con gress, told the 1,000 delegates as sembled here for the 48th annual convention of the National Associ ation for the Advancement of Colored People which held its closing session here today. “Not a single responsible Jew ish organization defends the insti tution of segregation and virtual ly all have spoken out against it. All accept not only the abstract justice of the cause of equality but also the practical argument that the fight against all forms of dis crimination must be carried on by all groups on all fronts.” Mr. Polier, the son-in-law of the late Rabbi Stephen Wise, one of the signers of the historic Lincoln Day Call which led to the estab lishment of the NAACP, said: “I am talking of the organized vocal part of the Jewish community. I do not mean for a moment that all Jewish Americans have rid them selves of the prejudices that per vade the population or that none of them engage in discrimination. Jews have prejudices and do give vent to them—against Negoes, Puerto Ricans, Asians and even other Jews.” It would be a grave error, he said, “to think of the corrosive effect of the assault upon the NA ACP as if it were merely a threat to the integrity of an organization bearing those initals. The very association of like-minded groups and like-minded people is at stake. It is not the intention of the A merican Jewish Congress to permit reactionary elements in America to destroy this freedom of associa tion which we have so dearly estab lished." Mr. Polier cited the pamphlet entitled THE ASSAULT ON FREE DOM OF ASSOCIATION, recently published by the American Jew ish Congress, as an indication of the interest and the position of his organization. This study, he point ed out is “the first and the most fully documented report on the legislative attack upon the NAACP in the South.” v The AJC, he asserted, “realizes that neither the NAACP nor the Negro community are the sole vie tims of this attack. Great religi ous movements are being torn as under with northern and southern versions of what their faiths teach. The Jewish people, though not di eetly involved In this conflict, are directly affected by it” 36 STATES REPRESENTED AT NAACP CONVENTION DETROIT, June 30. One thou sand hardworking delegates to last week s six-day 48th annual NAACP convention attended ’ i total of 25 workshops, four near or over-capacity public meetings, scores of regional caucuses and committee conferences. Thirty-eight states were repre sen ted among the delegates certi fied to vote and participate in the convention's week-long delib erations and discussions. U.S.—Bulwark of Freedom BIRTHDAY OF A FREE NATION as the Declaration of Independ ence was presented to Congress in 1778. Contrary to'popular belief, this historic document was not signed by Congress on July 4th. In stead, the Act by which the original 13 states broke colonial alle giance to Great Britain was approved by Congress July 2, proclaimed on July 4th, and signed at various times up to Nov. 4. SYMBOL OF HUMAN RIGHTS and freedom, the Liberty Bell in Independ ence Hall rang out at every festival and anniversary of Independence until it cracked in 183S. BIRTHPLACE OF OUR NATION was Independence Hall, Philadelphia, where Continental Congress met, Declaration of Independence ndopted end proclaimed, Washington ap pointed Commander-in-Chief, and U. S. Constitution framed. . (Mi 1 MMflMH •?t'M OUE NATION'S CAPITOL, moved from Philadelphia to banks of the Pdtomao in 1800, today la a majestic city, nerva center of a great country, and the hope of freedom-loving people everywhere. Tha capitol dome, sprawling office buildings, monuments, memorials, and 7,000 acres of public parka Including tha Mall shows hare, are familiar sights to counties* Washington visitors, Evening mass meetings, begin ning on June 25, and the Sunday afternoon public meeting today at Olympia Stadium, were addressed 1 by such outstanding national figures as Dr. Channing H. Tobias; W a 1 ter Reuther, Congressman Charles Diggs, Rev. Martin Luth er King, Jr., Joseph L. Rauh, Roy Wilkins, Bishop Richard S, Em rich, Thurgood Marshall and Jackie Robinson. At workshops conducted on Wednesday, Thursday and Sunday new techniques in these phases of NAACP program and procedure were presented by Madison Jones, NAACP housing assistant; Clar ence Mitchell, Washington Bur eau director; Lucille Black, mem bership secretary; Gloster B. Cur rent, director of branches; Robert L. Carter, general counsel; and Herbert Hill, labor secretary. Nearly $29,000 was reported to the Association by its branches and through special* presentations at the Freedom Fund Dinner Thursday evening. Of this amount the American Bridge Association’s national president, Mrs. Georgia Stevens, presented a check for $1,525, and Miss L. Pearl Mitchell of the Alpha Kappa Alpha Soror ity handed over a check for $1,000. Eisenhower Hails NAACP As Aid To Natl Community DETROIT, June 30.—“As you have helped—by —word and deed _to bring substance to . . the principle that all men are created equal and all men should take an equal share in the responsibilities of government . . you have contri buted to the national community,’’ President Eisenhower said in a telegram of greetings to the 48th annual NAACP convention which closed here today. The President’s message ex tending “congratulations and best wishes for a memorable conven tion, was read at the opening ses sion of the convention on June 25 just prior to the keynote ad dress by Dr. Channing H. Tobias, chairman of the Association s Board of Directors. Unable to attend the convention because of illness in his family, Arthur B. Spingarn, NAACP president since 1939, sent a mes sage expressing his "sincere con gratulations and best wishes for a fruitful convention.” Despite the attacks upon the Association in 1956 and 1957, Mr. Spingarn said, “we stand strong and firm in thep ursuit of our goal. Our members have not been frighten ed. “It if a source of great pride to me to have been privileged to serve as your president these many years,” he asserted. “Any one could take pride in, such ser vice to an organization whose I dedication to the democratic way I of life and fundamental princi ' pies of Americanism is so deep | seated as to have incurred the j emnity of anti-democratic for ces." From George Meany, president of the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations, came a telegram giving assurance that the organ ized labor movement “stands with you in the struggle to uphold the constitutional rulings of the Uni ted States Supreme Court against unlawful segregation in public schools.” Moreover, his message said: "We shall continue to press for enactment of effective civil rights legislation until a proper civil rights act is the law of the land.” The revived New Orleans NAACP branch, through its president, Arthur J. Chapital, in formed thee onvention: “We are back in business and we expect . . to enroll a minimum of 3,000 members by the close of the year." Also, Mr. Chapital’s mes sage said, the branch is pushing a campaign to redouble the num-1 ber of Negroes registered to vote in its city. "May we request our sister branches in strategic places to stress the election of senators and representatives who place value on human dignity in all sections of our country," the New Orleans branch asked. Greetings were also received from: U. S. Senators Paul If. Dou blas, Wayne Morse, Charles E. Potter, Thomas C. Hennings, Pat rick McNamara; Governor G. Men. nen Wiliams of Michigan; Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt; Hon Ilulan E. Jack, President of the Borough of Manhattan; Abe Stark, Presi dent of the American Jewish Committee; Paul M. Butler; chair man, Democratic National Com mittee. David McDonald, president, United Steelworkers of America; James B. Cobb, president, Na tional Alliance of Postal Employ ees; Robert Johnson, Independent Protestant and Eastern Orthodox Elks of the World; Dr. J. H. Jack son, president, National Baptist Convention; Charles Zimmerman, chairman, Civil Rights Committee, AFL-CIO. Congressman Thaddeus Maeh rovicz; Mrs. William T. Mason, president, National Council of Negro Women; T. G. Nutter, pres ident, West Virginia State Con ference NAACP; Frank R. Cross waith, chairman, Negro Labor Committee; Sidney Shevitz, chair man, Fair Employment Practices Commission of Lansing, Michigan; G. Merrill Lenox in behalf of the Protest and Eastern Orthodox Church of Michigan; L. C. Gil ! “I Prestige of Nation At Stake in Civil Rights, King Warns DETROIT, June 30—Accepting the 42nd Spingarn Medal on be half of “the 50,000 Negro citizen* of Montgomery, Alabama,’’ the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, leader of the bus protest move ment in that city, warned that there can be “no rest until segre gation and discrimination have been liquidated from every are* of our nation’s life”. The coveted medal was pre sented to the youthful clergyman by the Right Reverend Richard S. Emrich, Protestant Episcopal Bish op of Michigan, at the 48th an nual convention of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People which ended It* six-day session here Sunday. Dr. King was cited for his “creative contributions to the Fight for Freedom and his outstanding leadership role in the successful Montgomery bus protest move ment.” Also addressing the more thaL 3,000 persons who packed the Ford Auditorium to witness the cere mony on Friday night (June 28) was Congressional Charles C. Diggs of Detroit. An equal num ber of persons were turned away because of the limited capacity of the auditorium. “There is an inescapable urgen cy about the problem which con fronts us," Dr. King declared. “We must recognize that both our self-respect and the prestige of our nation are at stake. If we slow up at this time we would not only be betraying the best interest of our race, but also the best interest of our nation. It is one of thr ironies of present history that the Negro, in his struggle foi freedom, is no longer struggling for himself alone; he is really struggling to save America.” The eyes of the world are up on this nation, he asserted. Mil. ions of colored peoples are deep Continued On Page Two more, chairman, Wayne County Democratic Committee; Herbert T. McGreedy, director, Region II, AFL-CIO; Anderson B. Corley, Great Lakes Regional Director of Social Action, Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity, Inc. Nell Stabler, chairman, Demo cratic State Central Committee of Michigan; August Scholle, presi dent, Barney Hopkins, secretary treasurer, Michigan CIO Council; Ed S. Miller, general president, and Bartenders International Un ion; and Ministers and Laymen of Hotel and Restaurant Employees t Michigan Conference and Fourth Episcopal District AME Church.